Elimination of Arbitrary Constants
Elimination of Arbitrary Constants
Properties
The order of differential equation is equal to the number of arbitrary constants in
the given relation.
The differential equation is consistent with the relation.
The differential equation is free from arbitrary constants.
Examples:
Solution:
x3−3x2y=c
3x2 dx−3(2xy dx+x2 dy)=0
3x2 dx−6xy dx−3x2 dy=0
Divide by 3x
x dx−2y dx−x dy=0x dx−2y dx−x dy=0
(x−2y) dx−x dy=0(x−2y) dx−x dy=0
Problem 2. Eliminate the arbitrary constants c1 and c2 from the relation y=c1e−3x+c2e2x
y=c1e−3x+c2e2x.
Solution
y=c1e−3x+c2e2x → equation (1)
y′=−3c1e−3x+2c2e2x → equation (2)
y″=9c1e−3x+4c2e2x → equation (3)
3 × equation (1) + equation (2)
3y+y′=5c2e2x → equation (4)
3 × equation (2) + equation (3)
3y′+y″=10c2e2x → equation (5)
2 × equation (4) - equation (5)
2(3y+y′) −(3y′+y″) =0
6y+2y′−3y′−y″=0
6y−y′−y″=0 answer
Note: The methods of elimination vary with the way in which the constants enter the given
relation.
Problem 3: ysinx−xy2=c
Solution:
ysinx−xy2=c
(ycosx dx+sinx dy) −(2xy dy+y2 dx) =0
ycosx dx+sinx dy−2xy dy−y2 dx=0
(ycosx dx−y2 dx) +(sinx dy−2xy dy) =0
y(cosx−y) dx+(sinx−2xy) dy=0
Problem 4: x2y=1+cx
Solution:
x2y=1+cx
xy=x−1+c
x dy+y dx=−x−2 dx
x dy+y dx=−dx/x2
x3 dy+x2y dx=−dx
x3 dy+dx+x2y dx=0
(dx+x2y dx) +x3 dy=0
(1+x2y) dx+x3 dy=0