UNIT 3

BREAKING NEWS
(Spoken News Item)

A. BUILDING KNOWLEDGE OF THE FIELD

Activity 1
Discuss these questions with your pairs.
1. Do you know what the picture is?
2. When did you know it firstly?
3. Where did you know it?
4. What do you think of the contents of the newspaper?

Activity 2
Complete the blank with the words you hear from what the teacher reads.
Three killed in train-car collision
KEBUMEN, Central Java (Antara): Three people were (1) …………… and five
others (2) …………… when a Taksaka express train from Jakarta to Yogyakarta
rammed into a Toyota Kijang car in Kebumen, Central Java, on (3) …………… morning.
Kebumen train (4) …………… official Muhammad Sujono said the (5) ……………
occurred at 6.30 a.m. at a railway crossing between Wonosari and Kebumen city in
Kedung Bener (6) …………….
The three fatalities from the ill-fated car were all children (7) …………… six-years-
old and (8) …………… as Rejeki, Zakiah and Hikmatul Khasanah. The injured (9)
…………… were Muhammad Yusuf, Taryumi, Irfani, Tinasari and Ade Abdulraham.
All fatalities and the injured were from Jakarta and had been …………… to
Kebumen hospital.

Activity 3
Find the meaning of these words in your dictionary and then pronounce them correctly.

1. Reporter = (wartawan) a person who reports, especially one employed to report news
or conduct interviews for newspapers or broadcasts.

2. Events = (Acara) a thing that happens, especially one of importance.

3. Terrible = (dahsyat / Mengerikan / buruk sekali) Very; extremely.. Very badly..

Terribly Meaning

4. Deadline = (Tenggat waktu ) a date or time before which something must be done

5. Evidence = (kesaksian / bukti ) the available body of facts or information indicating

whether a belief or proposition is true or valid

6. Edition = (Edisi / cetakan ) a particular form or version of a published text

7. Supplement = (Suplemen / pelengkap) something that completes or enhances something

else when added to it

8. Journalist =( Wartawan / jurnalis) a person who writes for newspapers, magazines, or

news websites or prepares news to be broadcast.

9. Editor = (Editor / penyusun) a person who is in charge of and determines the final
content of a text, particularly a newspaper or magazine

10. Headline =( Judul / pokok berita) a heading at the top of an article or page in a
newspaper or magazine
 11. Publisher = (Penerbit) a person or company that prepares and issues books, journals,
music, or other works for sale

12. Sheet = (Lembar ) a piece of paper

13. Subscribe = (Langganan / menganut) arrange to receive something regularly, typically

a publication, by paying in advance

Activity 4
Complete the sentences with the words in Activity 2.
1. My brother is a Journalist He has to search the news around Solo city.
2. Having graduated from university, she looked for job vacancy in newspaper in the Headline
section.
3. Tabloid is thicker than newspaper because it has more Sheet pages
4. News usually contain an Events
5. To support the news, a newspaper usually inserts ……………….
6. In the press conference, the director of the company gave some Evidence that he did not
involve in the conspiracy.
7. Erlangga is one of the famous Publisher of book in Indonesia.
8. Mr. Kaka always ………………………… Kompas every month because he wants to broaden his
knowledge with much information from all around the world.
9. When people read newspaper firstly, they usually look at the ………………….. in the first page.
10. The publisher usually publishes a limited …………………… product to commemorate a special
occasion.
11. Because of sick, he must submit some news to accomplish the ………………… before it is
published.
12. Wherever the events occurred, a Journali has to come and report to the publisher as detail as
possible.
13. My mother looks sad after reading news about Terrible accident in Jagorawi Tol among 5 cars.
14. My uncle must check all articles to correct the mistakes before it is printed because he is a/an
Editor
15. A newspaper usually puts in Supplement section in weekend edition.

Activity 5
Discuss with your friends. Mention the differences between Newspaper and Magazine based on
the points given.

No Points Newspaper Magazine

1 Contents

2 Pages

3 Sections

4 Paper

5 Display

6 Size

7 Publishing

Speech Function
Expressing Surprise and Believe
Activity 6
Study the following dialogue.
Situation: Amir, Iwan, and Deddy are friends since elementary school. Now, Amir and Deddy meet
in a café by chance and have a short talk.
Amir : Hi, Deddy. How are you? Long time we haven’t met.
Deedy : Very well. What are you doing here?
Amir : I’m waiting for Iwan. Do you remember him?
Deddy : Of course. He was smarter than us.
Amir : Do you know that he is the most talent student in Central Java?
Deddy : What a surprise! He must be very happy then.
Amir : Yeah. And you must be here with me to meet him okay?
Deddy : O.K.

Note:
The underlined sentence shows the expression of surprise and believes. It is used when we heard
the terrific or terrible news that we didn’t think before.
Other Expression of Surprise and Believe are as follow:
- What a surprise! - That’s surprise!
- Are you serious? - No kidding!
- You must be joking. - Really?
- Oh no, that’s not true. - No, I don’t believe it.

Activity 7
Answer the questions below based on the text above.
1. How many persons are involved in the text?
Answer : 3 ( Deddy, iwan and Amir )

2. Who are they?

Answer : Amir, Iwan, and Deddy are friends since elementary school

3. What does Amir tell to Deddy?

Answer : Amir tells Deddy that iwan will come to meet him

4. How is Deddy’s response after he heard the information?

Answer : He was surprise

5. What does Deddy say then?

Answer : What a surprise! He must be very happy then.
Activity 8
Make some dialogue in pairs in your book based on the situations given.
1. You have just watched “Batman Begins” in cinema. An hour later, your friend tells you that
the theatre has just blown up 15 minutes ago.
2. Your sister joins the drawing competition. Fortunately, your mother phones you that she
wins it.
3. You try to send a sms-quiz on TV. In fact, you win it but you don’t know yet. Your brother
tells you about it.

Grammar Focus

Conjunctions of Cause and Effect

Conjunctions of Cause and Effect are used to combine the sentences which one sentence
is the cause or effect of one another.
Example:
1. She didn’t go to school yesterday.
2. She got flu.
The combinations of these two sentences are:
a) She didn’t go to school yesterday because she got flu.
or
b) She got flu so she didn’t go to school yesterday.
The underlined word in a) states the cause/reason whether the underlined word in b) states the
effect.
There are some other words showing the cause and effect as follow:
 Cause Because Because the weather is cold, he wears sweater.

Because of Because of the cold, he wears sweater.

Due to Due to the cold, he wears sweater.

As As the weather is cold, he wears sweater.

Effect So The weather is cold so he wears sweater.

Consequently The weather is cold. Consequently, he wears sweater.

As a result The weather is cold. As a result, he wears sweater.

Therefore The weather is cold. Therefore, he wears sweater.

Note:
Because of + Phrase / Verb-ing Because + Clause / Sentence
Due to + Phrase / Verb-ing As + Clause / Sentence

Activity 9
Combine the sentences below using the conjunction given. Number 1 has been done for you.
1. My father buys raincoat. It is wet season. (so)
It is wet season so my father buys raincoat. ____
2. Cindy is very beautiful. She wins the beauty contest every year. (because of)
________________________________________________________________________
3. You haven’t visited Bali. I will ask you to go there next month. (as)
________________________________________________________________________
4. The flood swaps Solo. Solonese throws the rubbish into the river. (consequently)
________________________________________________________________________
5. The people got skin irritation. The flood occurred everywhere. (because)
________________________________________________________________________
6. Clinton didn’t study last night. He failed the English test. (therefore)
________________________________________________________________________
7. There will be a test next week. The students do extra study. (as a result)
________________________________________________________________________
8. This room is very hot. The teacher asks the students to open all windows. (due to)
________________________________________________________________________

B. MODELING OF THE TEXT

Activity 10
Find out the meaning of these words in your dictionary.

1. Discovered = (Ditemukan ) find (something or someone) unexpectedly or in the course of a

search

2. Dozens = (banyaknya ) A set of twelve.. A large, unspecified number of, comfortably estimated
in small multiples of twelve

3. Injured = (Terluka ) harmed, damaged, or impaired

4. Recent = (Baru ) having happened, begun, or been done not long ago or not long
before; belonging to a past period of time comparatively close to the present.

5. Destroyed = (Hancur ) put an end to the existence of (something) by damaging or

attacking it.
 6. Wounded = (Luka) a hurt or injury to the body, such as a cut or tear in the skin or flesh

7. Clash = (perselisihan) if two people or groups clash, they argue because they have very
different beliefs and opinions – used in news reports

8. Channels = (Saluran) is a waterway, a means of communication and a specific television or

radio frequency. An example of channel is the English Channel

9. Bushes = (Semak ) a shrub or clump of shrubs with stems of moderate length.

10. Remained = (Tersisa / tinggal) continue to exist, especially after other similar or related
people or things have ceased to exist

Activity 11
Read this text. Then try to complete the blank with the word / phrase you know.

Title Police discover 13 petrol bombs in Palu

PALU (Antara): Police searching a conflict area between two

Newsworthy Event Central Sulawesi villages in Poso have discovered 13 petrol
bombs.

Dozens of people have been injured in fighting between the

two villages in recent weeks. On Dec. 8, dozens were injured
Background Event and scores of houses were destroyed in fighting, while at least
18 people were wounded in a more recent clash and had to be
evacuated to several hospitals in Palu.

"After bombing the area from Sunday night to Monday

Sources morning, we found 13 petrol bombs hidden in water channels
and bushes," a police source said here Monday.

He said the situation in the area was under control, but that
guards had been posted at several points, while the road
Sources
connecting the villages of Nunu and Tavanjuka remained
closed.
Taken from: http://www.thejakartapost.com

Activity 12
Answer the following questions related to the text above.

1. Where did the event take place?

Answer : two Central Sulawesi villages in Poso
2. What is the main information of the text?
Answer : Police searching a conflict area between two Central Sulawesi villages in Poso and
have discovered 13 petrol bombs.
3. How many people were hurt in the fighting on December 8?
Answer : 18 people
4. How many petrol bombs were found by the police?
Answer : 13 petrol bombs.
5. When did the petrol bombs discover?
Answer : After bombing the area from Sunday night to Monday morning
6. What happened to the street from Nunu to Tavanjuka?
Answer : the situation in the area was under control, but that guards had been posted at several
points, while the road connecting the villages of Nunu and Tavanjuka remained closed.
C. JOINT CONSTRUCTION OF THE TEXT
Activity 13
Re-arrange the jumble paragraph to an appropriate order.

Thailand sets new SEA Games records in men's and women's sprint relays

NAKHON RATCHASIMA, Thailand (AP): Thailand set new Southeast Asian

Games records in both the men's and women's 4x100 meter relays on the track
Monday.

The host nation won the men's event in 38.95 - 0.16 faster than the mark it set
eight years ago - while the women won gold with a time of 44.00 - three-tenths of a
second quicker than its record set at the previous SEA Games two years ago

Henry Dagmil of the Philippines broke his own games long jump record with his
first leap of 7.87 and won gold, while Malaysia's Rayzam Shah Wan Sofian shaved a
hundredth of a second off the 110 meters hurdle mark by winning in 13.91

In other athletics events, Siri Shahida Abdullah of Malaysia defended her women's
hammer throw title, Dedeh Erawati of Indonesia won the women's 100-meter hurdles,
and Wansawang Sawasdee of Thailand took the men's discus.As he did in the 5,000
meters, Thailand's Boonthung Srisung beat Julius Sermona of the Philippines in the
10,000 meters.

In weightlifting, Indonesia's Sandow Waldemar Nasution - complete with multiple

piercing, tattoos and smoking between lifts - won gold in the men's 77-kilogram class
with a world-competitive gold in the men's 77-kilogram class with a world-competitive
aggregate of 341 kilograms.

In the first day of action at the velodrome, Indonesia's Uyun Muzizah edged
Thailand's Jutatip Maneephan by four hundredths of a second to claim gold in the
women's 500 meter time trial.
.

(Adapted from: http://www.thejakartapost.com)

Activity 14
Answer the question related to the content of the text.
1. What is the text about?
Answer : Thailand sets new SEA Games records in men's and women's sprint relays
2. Where was the place which the event took place?
Answer : Thailand
3. Were there some new records created? What kind of sport?
Answer : Henry Dagmil of the Philippines broke his own games long jump record with his first
leap of 7.87
4. Who won the run race for 10.000 m?
Answer : Wansawang Sawasdee
5. What sport did Sandow W. Nasution participate?
Answer : In weightlifting
6. What sport is talked in last paragraph?
Answer : women's 500 meter time trial
7. Who got gold medals for Indonesia?
Answer : Uyun Muzizah and Sandow Waldemar Nasution

_______________________________________________________________

D. INDEPENDENT CONSTRUCTION OF THE TEXT

Activity 15
1. Work in group of two.
2. Find two examples of news item text (from newspaper, magazine, tabloid, or internet)
3. Study them well.
 4. Read it in front of the class as if you are news readers.

THAT’S TERRIBLE
(Written Discussion)

A. BUILDING KNOWLEDGE OF FIELD

Activity 16
Discuss the following questions with your friends, and then
answer them orally.
1. What is that?
2. Have you ever read it?
3. Do you know what the contents of the magazine are?
4. Which section do you like most when reading magazine?
5. Why do you like it?

Grammar Focus
Noun Clause
Noun Clause is a group of words consist of at least one subject and one predicate functions as
Noun. Noun Clause has three functions:
1. As a Subject
The house is very comfortable.
l
Where we live is very comfortable.

2. As an Object
They played basketball.
l
They played what I like.

3. As a Complement
I will finish this job tomorrow.
l
I will finish this job whenever you want.
Note:
Noun Clause usually begins with who, where, when, what, why, wherever, whoever, whatever,
that, which, whichever, or whenever.

Activity 17
Underline the Noun Clause and determine the function of them in the sentences below. Number
one has been done for you.
1. I don’t know what they want to buy. ( as an object )
2. Please tell me who has given you this gift. ( ……………………)
3. Why Rosha has to go is not a problem for me. ( ……………………)
4. Where they have to meet will be informed tomorrow. ( ……………………)
5. Do you know where Saphira lives in Jakarta now? ( ……………………)
6. I don’t understand why she went to Surabaya. ( ……………………)
7. Whatever you say cannot change my decision. ( ……………………)
8. That Jakarta is the crowded city has been popular in the world. ( ……………………)
9. My father doesn’t care when his son goes home. ( ……………………)
10. They will stop playing football whenever you ask. ( ……………………)

Activity 18
Change the underlined words below into Noun Clause. (The change can be different based on
students creativity)
Example: I like this book.
 I like what you read. Or
I like what I hold, or
I like what you buy.
1. The climbers usually climb the mountain on holiday.
……………………………………………………………………………..
2. My father waters the flower every morning.
……………………………………………………………………………..
3. A computer is a sophisticated machine.
……………………………………………………………………………..
4. The students are finishing the exercise.
……………………………………………………………………………..
5. She typed a letter of demand.
……………………………………………………………………………..
6. Elephant eats grass in the park.
……………………………………………………………………………..
7. Mr. Aldo sends the articles today.
……………………………………………………………………………..
8. His car is repaired for two weeks.
……………………………………………………………………………..
9. The Rock sings “Munajat Cinta” well on the stage.
……………………………………………………………………………..
10. The fish swim in the river.
……………………………………………………………………………..

B. MODELING OF THE TEXT

Activity 19
Read this text then label the generic structure of the text..

Title. Floods force thousands of people to evacuate in Gorontalo

GORONTALO (Antara): Floods triggered by days of torrential rain

Newsworthy Event swamped thousands of houses in ten sub-districts of the city of
Gorontalo on Tuesday, forcing thousands of people to evacuate.

An official at the flood mitigation post said that as of Tuesday

General Classification morning, around 2,015 people had been evacuated to safer
locations.

The official said that starting at 2 a.m. on Tuesday, flood waters had
swept through ten sub-districts, namely Heledulaa Selatan, Moodu,
Description / Heledulaa Utara, Bugis, Ipilo, Tenda, Padebuolo, Biawu, Dembe II,
Background Event and Tenilo. He added that the local government had distributed 100
boxes of instant noodles and three tons of rice to displaced people at
refugee shelters.

Rescue workers, assisted by police, military personnel and

General Classification volunteers, joined together to evacuate the flood victims from their
homes to at least 10 temporary shelters across Gorontalo city.

Mimi, one of the refugees, said she was reluctant to evacuate but the
Sources water in her house kept rising. On Tuesday morning it reached 50
centimeters and forced her to flee.

As black clouds remained drifting lazily overhead on Tuesday, local

Sources Meteorology and Geophysics Agency reported that heavy rain would
continue to occur throughout Gorontalo over the next two days.
http://www.thejakartapost.com

Activity 20
Answer the following questions.
1. What does the writer want to tell us?
Answer : The writer wants to tell us about the flood in Gorontalo.
2. When were the people evacuated?
Answer: People were evacuated in Tesday morning.

3. What happen on Tuesday at 2 a.m.?

Answer : On Tuesday at 2 a.m it happened flood.

4. Who distributed the noodles?

Answer : Local government distributed the noodles.

5. “He added that the local government had ………”. (par. 3)

He refers to
Answer : He refers to the official.

6. Who involved in Rescue Workers?

Answer : Police, military personnel and volunteers involved in Rescue Workers.

7. Who was reluctant to evacuate?

Answer : Mimi was the reluctant to evacuate.

8. What is the prediction of Meteorology and Geophysics Agency about Gorontalo?

Answer : Meteorology and Geophysics Agency predict that heavy rain would continue to occur
throughout Gorontalo over the next two days.

Activity 21
Read the following news and answer the questions.
Earthquake Jolts Japan Capital
TOKYO (Reuters) – A slight earthquake jolted Japanese capital last night but
authorities said there were no immediate reports of casualties or damage.
A spokesman for the Japan Meteorogical Agency said, “An earth tremor was
registered in Tokyo but there are no reports of casualties or damage.” The earth tremor
struck shortly after midnight Tokyo time.
Residents of central Tokyo said the tremor was the strongest in several months in the
capital.
Taken from: Look Ahead 1
1. What does the text want to tell us about?
Answer : Answer : The writer wants to tell us about Earthquake jolts in japan capital
2. Where did it happen?
Answer: in japan capital
3. Are there any victims?
Answer : authorities said there were no immediate reports of casualties or damage
4. Who give the report?
Answer : A spokesman for the Japan Meteorogical Agency
5. What time did the earthquake occur?
Answer : last night
6. Who inform us that this earthquake is the strongest one?
Answer : Residents of central Tokyo
7. What is the genre of the text?
Answer : Terrible
8. What is the communicative purpose of the text?
Answer : to inform to peopla that there is a earthquake jolts in capital of japan
9. Who are the sources of the news?
Answer : A spokesman for the Japan Meteorogical Agency and Residents of central Tokyo
10. Mention the Saying Verb used in the text!
Answer : past tense

C. JOINT CONSTRUCTION OF THE TEXT

Activity 22
Rearrange these jumbled paragraphs into a good and meaningful text!
Are biofuels a sustainable solution climate change?

JAKARTA. Many countries at this year’s climate change conference – including China, the
European Union countries, and the U.S. – have set targets for the use of biofuels to reduce their
greenhouse gas emissions.
 These examples illustrate that many biofuels may be good for business, but are not a sustainable
solution to greenhouse gas emissions from the transport sector. They result in an increase in
greenhouse gas emissions and an increase in poverty and food insecurity in many parts of the
world.
Biofuels are liquid fuels made from animal or plant matter. Burning them to power vehicles can
result in fewer emissions per unit of energy than using petroleum fuels. Their production may also
promote rural development and national energy security.
The development of palm oil biodiesel in Indonesia provides another example where biofuels may
have significant negative impacts. An expansion of plantations into these areas would mean the
loss of large amounts of biodiversity.

Biofuels may not in fact be a sustainable solution to climate change. Depending on the plants
used to make the fuel, the production process, and the policy frameworks of governments,
biofuels may lead to rising food prices, soil degradation, and loss of biodiversity due to
deforestation.

Adapted from:http://www.time.com/time/health/article/html

Activity 23
State the following statements whether they are True or False according to the text above.
No Statements T F

1 Biofuels is the only solution to climate change. ●

2 The climate change conference is hold in China. ●

3 There are three considerations to make biofuels be sustainable. ●

4 Biofuels has no negative effect because it comes from natural ●

material.

5 The loss of large amounts of biodiversity is one of the effect of ●

biofuels plantation.

6 Biofuels is sustainable solution to greenhouse gas emissions. ●

7 Using biofuels can reduce the emissions per unit energy than using ●
petroleum fuels.

D. INDEPENDENT CONSTRUCTION OF THE TEXT

Activity 24
Answer the questions below to help performing a news item text.
1. What is the newest event you know?
2. In what city did it happen?
3. Who were involved in that event?
4. When did the event happen?
5. Where did the event occur in detail?
6. What is the cause/reason of the event?
7. How did the event happen?
8. Where did you get the information?
9. What comment did you get from the people around?
10. How was the ending or solution of the event?

Write your answers here according to the number given.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………
 2. ………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. ………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. ………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. ………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. ………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………
8. ………………………………………………………………………………………………
9. ………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………
10. ………………………………………………………………………………………………

Activity 25
Work in pairs. Make a news item text based on the latest news happen around you or around your
city.

Title ………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………
Newsworthy ………………………………………………………………………………
Event ………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………
Background Event ………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………
Sources
………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………

DEFINITION
 SOCIAL
GENRE GENERIC STRUCTURE LANGUAGE FEATURES
FUNCTION
 Newsworthy Event(s):
To inform recounts the event in  Short, telegraphic
readers, summary form information about story
listeners or  Background Events: captured in headline.
News viewers about elaborate what happened,  Use of Action Verbs to retell
events of the to whom, in what the event.
Item day which are circumstances.  Use of Saying Verbs in
considered  Sources: comments by Sources stage.
newsworthy or participants in, witnesses to  Use of conjunction of cause
important. and authority’s expert on and effect.
the event.