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Problemas

The document contains the step-by-step working of several integrals. It begins by solving the integral of (x^2 - 4x + 7)/(x^3 - x^2 + x + 3) dx using partial fraction decomposition in less than 3 sentences. It then summarizes the solution of several other integrals in less than 3 sentences each.

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Alexis Martínez
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37 views5 pages

Problemas

The document contains the step-by-step working of several integrals. It begins by solving the integral of (x^2 - 4x + 7)/(x^3 - x^2 + x + 3) dx using partial fraction decomposition in less than 3 sentences. It then summarizes the solution of several other integrals in less than 3 sentences each.

Uploaded by

Alexis Martínez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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x 2−4 x +7

∫ x 3−x 2+ x+3 dx
x 3−x 2+ x+3=( x +1)(x 2−2 x +3)

x 2−4 x +7 A Bx+C
2
= + 2
(x +1)(x −2 x +3) x +1 x −2 x+3

x 2−4 x+7= A ( x 2−2 x+ 3 ) +( Bx+ C)( x+1)


x=−1

(−1 )2−4 (−1 ) +7=A ( (−1 )2−2 (−1 ) +3)¿


1+4 +7=A ( 1+ 2+ 3 ) → 12= A ( 6 ) → A=2

x 2−4 x+7= A x 2−2 Ax +3 A +Bx 2 +Cx+ Bx+C


( 2 ) →1= A +B → 1=2+ B → B=−1
( 1 ) →−4=−2 A+C +B →−4=−2 ( 2 ) +C+ (−1 ) →−4=−4 +C−1 →
C=1
( n ) →7=3 A+C → 7=3 ( 2 )+C →C=1

x 2−4 x +7 2 (−1) x+(1)


2
= + 2
(x +1)(x −2 x +3) x +1 x −2 x +3
1 x +1
2∫ dx−∫ 2 dx
x +1 x −2 x+3
du du
u=x2 −2 x +3 → du=2 x−2 dx → dx= → dx=
2 x −2 2( x−1)
x+1 du
¿ 2 ln |x+ 1|−¿ ∫ ∙ ¿
u 2 ( x−1 )
1
¿ 2 ln |x+ 1|− ln |x 2−2 x+ 3|+c
2

x 2+5
27 ¿ ∫ dx
x 3−x 2 + x +3

x2 +5
∫ dx
( x+ 1 ) ( x 2−2 x+ 3 )

A Bx+ C x 2 +5
+ 2 =
x+1 x −2 x +3 ( x+1 ) ( x 2−2 x+3 )

A ( x 2−2 x+3 ) +Bx ( x +1 ) +C ( x +1 )=x 2 +5

A x 2−2 Ax+ 3 A +B x 2 +Bx +Cx+C=x 2 +5


( x 2 ) A +B=1
( x ) B−2 A+C=0

( x 0 ) 3 A +C=5

A+ B=1 3 A +C=5 B−2 A+C=0


B=1−A C=5−3 A 1− A−2+5−3 A=0
B=1−1 C=5−3 (1 ) A=1
B=0 C=2

( 0 ) x +2
∫ x+A 1 +∫ x2 −2 x +3 u=x−1
du=dx
dx dx
∫ x+ 1 +2∫ x 2−2 x +3 a 2=2

dx a=√ 2
ln |x +1|+2∫
( x−1 )2 +2
du
ln |x +1|+2∫
u + a2
2

1 u
ln |x +1|+2 arctan +C
a a

2 x−1
ln |x +1|+ arctan +C
√2 √2
x 2+ x +3
28) ∫ dx
x 4 +6 x 2+ 9
2
x 4 +6 x 2 +9= ( x2 +3 )

x2 + x +3 Ax +B Cx+ D
2
= 2 +
( x 2+ 3 ) x +3 ( x 2+ 3 )2

x 2+ x+3=( Ax+ B ) ( x2 +3 )+ Cx+ D

x 2+ x+3= A x 3+ B x 2+ 3 Ax+3 B+Cx+ D


( 3 ) →0= A
( 2 ) →1=B
( 1 ) → 1=3 A+C →1=3 ( 0 )+ C →1=C
( n ) →3=3 B+ D→ 3=3 (1 ) + D → D=0

x2 + x +3 ( 0 ) x+(1) (1)x +( 0)
2
= 2 + 2 2
( x 2+ 3 ) x +3 ( x +3 )
x +1 x
∫ x 2+3 dx +∫ 2
dx
( x2 +3 )
x 1 x
∫ x 2+3 dx +∫ x 2 +3 dx+∫ ¿ ¿ ¿ ¿ ¿ ¿
du
u=x2 +3 → du=2 xdx → dx=
2x
du 1 1
∫ + ln |x 2+ 3|+ ∫ u−2
u 2 2
x 1 1
∫ x 2+3 dx + 2 ln|x 2+ 3|+ +c
2 ( x 2 +3 )
x=√ 3 u
1 1 1 1
∫ du+ ln |x 2+ 3|+ +c
2
√ 3 u +1 2 2 ( x 2 +3 )
1 1 1
arctan u+ ln|x 2 +3|+ +c
√3 2 2 ( x 2+3 )
1 x 1 1
arctan + ln|x 2 +3|+ +c
√3 √3 2 2 ( x 2+3 )

2
3
29.∫ 2
dx
0 4 x +5 x +1
3
∫ ( 4 x+1 ) ( x+1 ) dx
A B 3
+ =
4 x +1 x +1 ( 4 x +1 )( x +1 )

A ( x+ 1 )+ B ( 4 x+1 ) =3
Ax+ A+ 4 Bx+ B=3

( x ) A+ 4 B=0

( x 0 ) A + B=3
A+ B=3 A+ 4 B=0
A=3−B 3−B+ 4 B=0
A=3−(−1 ) B=−1

A=4

A B u=4 x +1
∫ 4 x+1 +∫ x +1
du
=dx
4

dx dx
4∫
4 x+ 1 ∫ x +1
−

du dx
∫ u ∫ x+ 1
−

2
ln |4 x+1|−ln|x +1|] 0

ln |4 ( 2 ) +1|−ln |2+1|−( ln |4 ( 0 ) +1|−ln |0+1|) =ln 3


5
x−1
30) ∫ 2
dx
1 x (x+1)
x −1 A B C
= + 2+
x ( x +1) x x x +1
2

x−1= Ax ( x +1 ) + B ( x +1 ) +C x 2
x=−1
2
−1−1=C (−1 ) → C=−2

x−1= A x 2 + Ax+ Bx+ B+C x 2


( 2 ) →0= A+C → 0=A−2 → A=2
( 1 ) → 1= A+ B → 1=2+ B→ B=−1
( n ) →−1=B
x −1 2 −1 −2
= + 2+
x ( x +1) x x x +1
2
1 1
2∫ dx −∫ x −2 dx−2 ∫ dx
x x+1

x−1
(
¿ 2 ln|x|− ( )
−1 )
5
−2 ln|x +1| ¿1

¿ 2 ( ln 5−ln1 ) + ( 5−1−1 )−2¿

¿ 2 ln 5+ ( 15 −1)−2 ( ln 6−ln 2)
−4 6
¿ 2( ) −2 ln ( )
5 2

5 4
¿ 2 ln ( ) −
3 5

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