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Switch: The Solution Is Switching

A network connects multiple devices and switches allow one-to-one communication between them. A switched network uses nodes called switches that are interlinked in a series. Circuit switching establishes a dedicated physical path for a single connection between endpoints that remains for the duration of the call. It involves end stations, transmission media, and switching nodes. The connection path is set up before data transfer and then disconnected. Space division switching separates paths spatially using crossbar and multistage switches. Time division switching uses time-division multiplexing and time-slot interchange to achieve switching.

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66 views8 pages

Switch: The Solution Is Switching

A network connects multiple devices and switches allow one-to-one communication between them. A switched network uses nodes called switches that are interlinked in a series. Circuit switching establishes a dedicated physical path for a single connection between endpoints that remains for the duration of the call. It involves end stations, transmission media, and switching nodes. The connection path is set up before data transfer and then disconnected. Space division switching separates paths spatially using crossbar and multistage switches. Time division switching uses time-division multiplexing and time-slot interchange to achieve switching.

Uploaded by

blzz2net
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Switch

A network is a set of
connected devices. Whenever
we have multiple devices, we
have the problem of how to
connect them to make one-to-
one communication possible.
The solution is switching.
A switched network consists
of a series of interlinked
nodes, called switches.
Circuit switching
“Line-Switched Network”.
Originally developed for the
analog-based telephone system.
a physical path is obtained for
and dedicated to a single
connection between two end-
points in the network for the
duration of the connection.

3 Basic Elements
End-Stations (or Terminals)
Transmission Media
Switching Nodes
Phases of a Circuit-
Switched
Communication System
Circuit Establishment 
The connection path is established
before the transmission begins.

Data Transfer
Circuit Disconnect
Space Division Switching
•
In space division switching, the
paths in the circuit are separated
from each other spatially. This
technology is used in both analog
& digital networks. It uses
following switches for connection:
– Cross bar switch – Multistage switch

Cross bar switch

The limitations of crossbar switch is removed by


multistage switch. In fact it combines cross bar
switches in several stages.
ADVANTAGES &
DISADVANTAGES OF SPACE
DIVISION SWITCHING

  Theadvantage of space-division
switching is that it is instantaneous.

  Its
disadvantage is the number of cross
points required to make space-division
sometimes it leads to the phenomenon
called blocking.
WHY BLOCKING OCCURS???

  The reduction in the number of cross
points results in blocking during periods of
heavy traffic.

  Ina single-stage switch blocking does
not occur.

  Because every combination of input and
output
has its own cross point, there is always a
path.

  Cases where two inputs are trying to
contact the same output do not count.

TIME DIVISION SWITCHING

Time-division switching uses time-division


multiplexing to achieve switching.
It involves  Time-slot interchange
TIME SLOT INTERCHANGE

  A TSI consists of Random Access
Memory(RAM) with several memory
locations.

  The size of each location is the same as
the size of a single time slot.
Time slot interchange reads bits from
incoming slots in each frame and writes
these into a register.
 The RAM fills up from the incoming data
from time slots in the order received.

  Slotsare then sent out in an order based
on the decisions of a control unit.

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