Torque chart - recommended values - indicative only

Bolt
Grade 3.6 4.6 4.8 5.6 5.8 6.8 8.8 10.9 12.9
size
Width
across Torque Torque Torque Torque Torque Torque Torque Torque Torque
M
flats Nm Nm Nm Nm Nm Nm Nm Nm Nm
mm

M4 7 0.85 1.1 1.5 1.4 1.9 2.3 2.9 4.1 4.9

M5 9 1.7 2.2 3.0 2.8 3.7 4.5 6.0 8.5 10
M6 10 2.9 3.8 5.1 4.8 6.4 7.7 10 14 17
M8 13 7.0 9.3 12 12 16 19 25 35 41
M 10 17 14 19 25 23 31 37 49 69 83
M 12 19 24 32 43 40 54 65 86 120 145
M 14 22 39 51 68 64 86 105 135 190 230
M 16 24 59 79 105 98 130 155 210 295 355
M 18 27 81 110 145 135 180 215 290 405 485
M 20 30 115 155 205 190 255 305 410 580 690
M 22 32 155 205 275 260 345 415 550 780 930
M 24 36 200 265 350 330 440 530 710 1000 1200
M 27 41 295 390 520 490 650 780 1050 1500 1800
M 30 46 395 530 710 660 880 1050 1450 2000 2400
M 33 50 540 720 960 900 1200 1450 1900 2700 3250
M 36 55 690 920 1250 1150 1550 1850 2450 3450 4150
M 39 60 920 1200 1600 1500 2000 2400 3200 4500 5400
M 42 65 1100 1500 1950 1850 2450 2950 3950 5550 6650
M 45 70 1400 1850 2450 2300 3100 3700 4950 6950 8350
M 48 75 1700 2250 3000 2800 3750 4450 5950 8400 10100
M 52 80 2150 2900 3850 3600 1800 5750 7650 10800 12900
M 56 85 2700 3600 4800 4500 5950 7150 9550 13400 16100
M 60 90 3350 4450 5950 5550 7400 8900 11900 16700 20000
M 64 95 4000 5350 7150 6700 8950 10700 14300 20100 24100
M 68 100 4850 6500 8650 8100 10800 13000 17300 24300 29100
M 72
105             21945 31256 36574
*
M 76
110             25953 36984 43269
*
M 80
115             30437 43347 50737
*
M 90
130             44214 62970 73690
*
M
100 145             61462 87527 102431
*
M
110 155             81845 116567 136408
*
 M
120 175             108448 154443 180712
*
M
125 180             124327 177099 207233
*
M
130 185             139572 198770 232620
*
M
140 200             175561 250056 292817
*
M
150 215             216875 308960 361484
*
Recommended max. tightening torque in Nm for untreated oil-smeared screws.
Friction coefficient µ= 0.125, torque corresponds to approx. 62% of tensile bolt stress.
* Friction coefficient µ= 0.14, torque corresponds to approx. 90% of tensile bolt stress.
Every bolted joint is unique and the optimum tightening torque should be determined for
each application by careful examination. A properly tightened bolt is one that is
stretched such that it acts like a very ridged spring pulling mating surfaces together. The
rotation of a bolt (torque) at some point causes it to stretch (tension).

Several factors affect how much tension occurs when a given amount of tightening
torque is applied.

 The first factor is the bolt's diameter.

 The second factor is the bolts grade. It takes more force to stretch an SAE grade 8
bolt (or a 12.9 quality bolt) than it does to stretch an SAE grade 5 bolt (or a 8.8
quality bolt) because of the greater material strenght.
 The third factor indicates that harder, smoother and/or slicker bolting surfaces,
such as threads and bearing surfaces, require less rotational force (torque) to
stretch (tension) a bolt than do softer, rougher, and stickier surfaces.

The basic formula T = K x D x P takes these factors into account and provided users
with a starting point for establishing an initial target tightening torque:

T = target tighten torque (result in this formula is inch pounds, dividing by 12 yields foot
pounds)
K = coefficient of friction (nut factor) always an estimation in this formula *
D = Bolts nominal diameter in inches
P = Bolts desired tensible load in pounds (generally 75% of yield strength)

The reason all applications should be evaluated to determine the optimum tightening
torque is that the K factor in this formula is always an estimate. The most commonly
used bolting factors K are 0.20 for plain finished bolts, 0.22 for zinc plated bolts, and
0.10 for waxed or highly lubricated bolts.

Bolt Conditions can range from:

Lubricated: Moly Based 0.10 - 0.18, Nickel Based 0.10 - 0.12, Copper Based 0.08 -
0.23,
Plated: Cadmium 0.11 - 0.33, Zinc 0.08 - 0.53, Black Oxide 0.11 - 0.28,
As Received: Mild Alloy Steel on Steel 0.16 - 0.27

Example: 3/4"-10 Grade 5 zinc plated bolt

K = 0.22 (zinc plated)
D = 0.75 (3/4"-10 nominal diameter)
P = 23'046 pounds (Yield strength for SAE Grade 5 bolt = 69000 PSI * Tensile stress
area 0.344 for 3/4"x10bolt)

T = 0.22 * 0.75 * 23046 Pounds / 12 = 317 ft.lb (317 ft.lb * 1.3558 = 430Nm)

In order to work out your specific required torque use the above formula using the
values P = tensile load in pound which usually is 75% of yield strength and the tensile
stress area for the specific bolt used).

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Recommended bolt tension for shaft and stretch bolts at 90% of bolt yield strength -
METRIC coarse threads
Quality 8.8 Quality 10.9 Quality 12.9
tensile load 640 tensile load 900 tensile load 900
Nut
Bolt size N/mm2 N/mm2 N/mm2
size
tensile stress 660 tensile stress 940 tensile stress 940
N/mm2 N/mm2 N/mm2
Width Bolt tension for Bolt tension for Bolt tension for Bolt tension for Bolt tension for Bolt tension for
M across bolts with shaft stretch bolts bolts with shaft stretch bolts bolts with shaft stretch bolts
mm flats
mm

M20x2.5 32 137.9 105.0 196.4 149.5 229.9 175.0

M24x3 36 199.2 151.2 283.8 215.3 332.0 251.9
M27x3 41 261.3 196.1 372.1 279.2 435.5 326.8
M30x3.5 46 319.1 246.8 454.5 351.5 531.9 411.3
M33x3.5 50 396.5 303.4 564.7 432.1 660.9 505.6
M36x4 55 467.1 352.8 665.3 502.5 778.5 588.0
M39x4 60 569.9 434.0 797.4 618.1 933.1 723.3
M42x4.5 65 643.2 492.8 916.0 701.8 1072.0 821.3
M45x4.5 70 751.3 587.9 1070.0 837.4 1252.2 979.9
M48x5 75 847.2 656.1 1206.6 934.4 1412.0 1093.4
M52x5 80 1013.7 784.2 1443.8 1116.9 1689.5 1307.1
M56x5.5 85 1170.9 903.2 1667.6 1286.4 1951.4 1505.3
M60x5.5 90 1403.0 1052.6 1998.3 1499.2 2338.4 1754.3
M64x6 95 1543.6 1213.4 2198.4 1728.2 2572.6 2022.4
M68x6 100 1814.9 1385.7 2584.8 1973.6 3024.8 2309.5
M72x6 105 2002.8 1596.6 2852.5 2273.9 3338.0 2661.0
M76x6 110 2310.3 1793.3 3290.4 2554.1 3850.5 2988.9
M80x6 115 2521.7 2032.2 3291.6 2894.3 4202.9 3387.0
M90x6 130 3254.4 2624.2 4635.0 3737.5 5424.0 4373.7
M100x6 145 4073.4 3291.8 5801.6 4688.3 6789.1 5486.4
M110x6 155 4992.0 3991.7 7109.8 5685.2 8319.9 6652.9
M120x6 175 6003.8 4853.7 8550.8 6912.9 10006.3 8089.6
M125x8 180 6311.3 5341.3 8988.9 7607.3 10518.9 8902.1
M130x8 185 7000.2 5800.0 9970.0 8260.6 11667.0 9666.6
M140x8 200 8044.2 6830.4 11456.9 9728.2 13407.0 11384.0
M150x8 215 9316.0 8006.1 13268.3 11402.6 15526.7 13343.4
These values are for guidance only. Always check with the bolt manufacturer !
 Recommended maximum bolt loads - UNF threads
Bolt Nut
Quality P Quality S Quality T
size size
Recommended
Width maximum bolt loads - UNC threads
UNF across
Newtons N.m lfb lbf.ft Newtons N.m lfb lbf.ft Newtons N.m lfb lbf.ft
inch flats
Bolt Nut
inch
Quality P Quality S Quality T
size size 6.2 11. 12.
1/4" 7/16 Width 5232 1176 4.63 9941 2234 8.78 10730 2412 9.51
UNC across 8 9 9
Newtons N.m lfb lbf.ft Newtons N.m lfb lbf.ft Newtons N.m lfb lbf.ft
inch flats
5/16 12. 23. 17.5 25. 18.9
1/2 8410
inch
1891 9.22 15979 3592 17247 3877
" 55.4 8
10. 5 7
11. 6
1/4" 7/16 4379 22. 984 16.7
4.00 8320 43. 1870 7.60 8980 46. 2018 8.19
3/8" 9/16 12911 3 2903 24531 3 5514 31.9 26478 1 5952 34.4
5/16 711. 4 1395 21. 2 1506 23. 6 16.9
7/16 1/2 7344 1650 8.26 3136 15.71 3385
" 5/8 17416 35.2 3915 26.5 33091 4 68.3 7439 50.3 35717 1 73.
0 8029 54.36
" 1095 19. 9 14.6 2080 37. 2 2245 40. 6 30.1
3/8" 9/16 55. 2461 5161 27.95 5048
1/2" 3/4 23685 1 9 5325 40.9 8 45002 7 105 9 10116 77.4 48574 8 9 10919 84.0
114 7
7/16 1506 31. 4 23.5 2862 60. 3089 65. 48.3
9/16 5/8 3386 6434 44.77 6945
" 7/8 30075 5 79.9 6761 58.3 3 57143 3 150 7 12846 111 61678 4 5
162 13865 1191
" 2024 48. 0 36.0 3846 92. 4151 73.7
1/2"15/1 3/4 4551 8646 68.37 100 9333
5/8" 4 8 0 3 7
38156 111 8578 81.9 72496 210 16297 155 78250 227 17591 167 6 6
9/16 6 2607 70. 51.9 4954 1113 5347 1202
1 7/8 5861
1260 10654 134 98.83 11500 144 106
3/4" " 5 1954
56078 1442 2 370 29353 7 273 4 1
399 25854 294
1/8
15/1 3245 97. 7 71.8 6165 9 1386 136.4 6655 5 1496 147.
5/8" 1 7295 185 200
7/8" 6 76297 2 3094 1715 228 4 14496 8 587 32589 1 4335 15647 2 1
634 35175 5
468
5/16 1 4978 2
1119 131. 9458 5 2126 0
1020 2295 268.
3/4" 1 178 2230 18848 338 249.3 20343 364
1" 1/8 99200 1 459 1 339 3 4 873 42371 3 644 91 942 45734 0 5
695
1/21 6715 1
1509 205. 1275 0 2868 9
1377 3096
7/8" 1 279 530 391 572 422
1 5/1612873 7 28947 8 24460 99 126 5 25 136
26401 1
11/1 1 8822 667 1983 492308. 1676 54988
3768 934 1809 59352
4067 1009
1/8"1" 6 8 418 1 2 7
795 586 5 8
858 633
1/2 1 2 3 20 2 23 3
1 1 1 16135 3627 30658 175 129 33091 189
1 1110 925 2495 682
437. 2109 112 68921
4741 2276 121 74391
5117 1398
1/4" 7/8 11/1 8 593 5 0 7 6
830 1 6 897
1/8"
1 2 6 19933 07 125 4481 5 4 37872 13 237 6 5 175 40878 52 256 6 8
923 85141 91898 1893
3/8" 1 1/16 1 1
1421 2 1
3195 617. 2700 8 8
159 6071 4 6
2915 7
171 6553
1 2 24037 837 5403 121 45671 311 10267 1173
164 230 49296 336 11082 1266
1/4" 7/8 35 3 3 91 1 8 27 7 7 2482
1/2" 1 1/42 7
1686 2109 3791
9 1
808. 7
3204 9
208 3
7203 0 5
3458 7
224 2
7774
These 1/16
torque values are 1536 1658
3/8" 41 6 for1guidance4 only.
17 Always 3 check
2 with the47 bolt manufacturer
8 9 !
1 2 2065 145 4644 107 3924 276 8823 4236 298 9523
2041 2203
1/2" 1/4 78 6 0 4 98 7 7 48 7 9
These torque values are for guidance only. Always check with the bolt manufacturer !
 Imperial to metric dimensions comparison chart

1 in = 0.0254 m
1 in = 25.4 mm
Lenght 1m = 39.3701 "
1m = 3.2808 ft
1 mm = 0.0393701 "
1 lb = 0.4536 kg
Weight
1 kg = 2.2046 lb
1 kpm = 9.8067 Nm
1 ft lb = 1.3558 Nm
Torque
In lb = 0.1130 Nm
1 Nm = 0.7376 ft lb
1 bar = 100 kPa
1 kp/cm2 at = 98.0665 kPa
Pressure
1 psi = 6.8948 kPa or 0.01 bar
1 kPa = 0.0101972 kp/cm2 at
1 kpm/s = 9.8067 W
Power 1 hp = 0.7457 kW
1 kW = 1.3410 hp
1 m3/min = 16.667 l/s
1 cfm = 0.4720 l/s
Flow
1 m3/h = 0.2778 l/s
1 l/s = 2.1189 cfm

Imperial inch to metric mm dimensions comparison chart

Inch 0" 1" 2" 3" 4" 5" 6" 7" 8" 9" 10"
" mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm
25.39 50.79 76.19 101.5 126.9 152.3 177.7 203.1 228.5 253.9
   
95 90 86 98 98 97 97 96 96 95
0.793 26.19 51.59 76.99 102.3 127.7 153.1 178.5 203.9 229.3 254.7
1/32
7 32 28 23 91 91 90 90 90 89 89
1.587 26.98 52.38 77.78 103.1 128.5 153.9 179.3 204.7 230.1 255.5
1/16
4 7 65 60 85 85 84 84 83 83 82
2.381 27.78 53.18 78.57 103.9 129.3 154.7 180.1 205.5 230.9 256.3
3/32
2 07 02 98 79 78 88 77 77 77 76
3.174 28.57 53.97 79.37 104.7 130.1 155.5 180.9 206.3 231.7 257.1
1/8
9 44 40 35 73 72 72 71 70 70 70
3.968 29.36 54.76 80.16 105.5 130.9 156.3 181.7 207.1 232.5 257.9
5/32
6 82 77 72 66 66 65 65 64 64 64
4.762 30.16 55.56 80.96 106.3 131.7 157.1 182.5 207.9 233.3 258.7
3/16
4 19 14 10 60 60 59 59 58 58 57
5.556 30.95 56.35 81.75 107.1 132.5 157.9 183.3 208.7 234.1 259.5
7/32
1 56 52 47 54 53 53 52 52 52 51
 6.349 31.79 57.14 82.54 107.9 133.3 158.7 184.1 209.5 234.9 260.3
1/4
8 49 89 85 48 47 47 46 46 45 45
7.143 32.54 57.94 83.34 108.7 134.1 159.5 184.9 210.3 235.7 261.1
9/32
6 31 26 22 41 41 40 40 39 39 39
7.937 33.33 58.73 84.13 109.5 134.9 160.3 185.7 211.1 236.5 261.9
5/16
3 68 64 59 35 35 35 34 33 32 32
11/3 8.731 34.13 59.53 84.92 110.3 135.7 161.1 186.5 211.9 237.3 262.7
2 0 06 01 97 29 28 28 27 27 26 26
9.524 34.92 60.32 85.72 111.1 136.5 161.9 187.3 212.7 238.1 263.5
3/8
8 43 39 34 22 22 22 21 21 20 20
13/3 10.31 35.71 61.11 86.51 111.9 137.3 162.7 188.1 213.5 238.9 264.3
2 85 80 76 71 16 16 15 15 14 14 13
11.11 36.51 61.91 87.31 112.7 138.1 163.5 188.9 214.3 239.7 265.1
7/16
22 18 13 09 10 09 09 09 08 08 07
15/3 11.90 37.30 62.70 88.10 113.5 138.9 164.3 189.7 215.1 240.5 265.9
2 60 55 51 46 04 03 03 02 02 01 01
12.69 38.09 63.49 88.89 114.2 139.6 165.0 190.4 215.8 241.2 266.6
1/2
97 93 88 83 97 97 97 96 96 95 95
17/3 13.49 38.89 64.29 89.69 115.0 140.4 165.8 191.2 216.6 242.0 267.4
2 34 30 25 21 91 91 90 90 89 89 88
14.28 39.68 65.08 90.48 115.8 141.2 166.6 192.0 217.4 242.8 268.2
9/16
72 67 63 58 85 84 84 84 83 83 82
19/3 15.08 40.48 65.88 91.27 116.6 142.0 167.4 192.8 218.2 243.6 269.0
2 09 05 00 95 79 78 78 77 77 76 76
15.87 41.27 66.67 92.07 117.4 142.8 168.2 193.6 219.0 244.4 269.8
5/8
47 42 37 33 72 72 71 71 71 70 70
21/3 16.66 42.06 67.46 92.86 118.2 143.6 169.0 194.4 219.8 245.2 270.6
2 84 79 75 70 66 66 65 65 64 63 63
11/1 17.46 42.86 68.26 93.66 119.0 144.4 169.8 195.2 220.6 246.0 271.4
6 21 17 12 08 60 59 59 58 58 58 57
23/3 18.25 43.65 69.05 94.45 119.8 145.2 170.6 196.0 221.4 246.8 272.2
2 59 54 49 45 54 53 53 52 52 51 51
19.04 44.44 69.84 95.24 120.6 146.0 171.4 196.8 222.2 247.6 273.0
3/4
96 91 87 82 47 47 46 46 45 45 45
25/3 19.84 45.24 70.64 96.04 121.4 146.8 172.2 197.6 223.0 248.4 273.8
2 33 29 24 19 41 41 40 40 39 39 38
13/1 20.63 46.03 71.43 96.83 122.2 147.6 173.0 198.4 223.8 249.2 274.6
6 71 66 62 57 35 34 34 33 83 32 32
27/3 21.43 46.83 72.22 97.62 123.0 148.4 173.8 199.2 224.6 250.0 275.4
2 08 03 99 94 29 28 28 27 27 26 26
22.22 47.62 73.02 98.42 123.8 149.2 174.6 200.0 225.4 250.8 276.2
7/8
45 41 36 32 22 22 21 21 20 20 20
29/3 23.01 48.41 73.81 99.21 124.6 150.0 175.4 200.8 226.2 251.6 277.0
2 83 78 73 69 16 16 15 15 14 14 13
15/1 23.81 49.21 74.61 100.0 125.4 150.8 176.2 201.6 227.0 252.4 277.8
6 20 16 11 11 10 09 09 08 08 07 07
31/3 24.60 50.00 75.40 100.8 126.2 151.6 177.0 202.4 227.8 253.2 278.6
2 57 53 48 04 03 03 03 02 02 01 01