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Tutorial - Develop A Java EE Application - Help - IntelliJ IDEA

This tutorial demonstrates how to create a simple Java EE application in IntelliJ IDEA that outputs "Hello, World!" using a single JSP page. It involves installing IntelliJ IDEA and GlassFish Server, creating a new Java Enterprise project with a web application facet, adding "Hello, World!" text to the index.jsp page, and running the application which compiles, deploys to GlassFish, and displays the output in a browser.

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155 views

Tutorial - Develop A Java EE Application - Help - IntelliJ IDEA

This tutorial demonstrates how to create a simple Java EE application in IntelliJ IDEA that outputs "Hello, World!" using a single JSP page. It involves installing IntelliJ IDEA and GlassFish Server, creating a new Java Enterprise project with a web application facet, adding "Hello, World!" text to the index.jsp page, and running the application which compiles, deploys to GlassFish, and displays the output in a browser.

Uploaded by

jean raymond koutouan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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06/05/2020 Tutorial: Develop a Java EE application - Help | IntelliJ IDEA

IntelliJ IDEA 2020.1

Tutorial: Develop a Java EE application Ultimate

This tutorial illustrates the Java EE application development workflow.

The application that we are going to develop will be a minimal one. It'll be a one JSP page Java web
application. However, the IntelliJ IDEA features shown here are applicable to Java EE applications of any
complexity.

Before you start


Make sure that the following software is installed on your computer:

• IntelliJ IDEA ULTIMATE Edition.

• GlassFish Server, version 3.0.1 or later. Download GlassFish. (You can use any other Java EE-enabled
application server. GlassFish is used here just as an example.)

• A web browser.

Creating a project
1. Click Create New Project on the Welcome screen, or select File | New | Project. The New Project
wizard opens.

2. In the left-hand pane, select Java Enterprise.

3. From the Project SDK list, select the JDK that you want to use in your project.
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If you don't have the necessary JDK on your computer, select Download JDK.

4. Specify your application server. We'll use GlassFish Server.

If GlassFish is not defined in IntelliJ IDEA yet, click New to the right of the Application Server field and
select Glassfish Server.

In the Glassfish Server dialog, specify the GlassFish Server installation directory.

5. Under Additional Libraries and Frameworks, select the Web Application checkbox.

Click Next.

6. Specify the name for your new project (e.g. JavaEEHelloWorld).

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Click Finish and wait while IntelliJ IDEA is creating the project.

Exploring the project structure


When the project is created, you'll see something similar to this in the Project tool window.

• JavaEEHelloWorld is a module folder (which in this case coincides with the project folder). The .idea
folder and the file JavaEEHelloWorld.iml contain configuration data for your project and module
respectively. The folder src is for your Java source code. The folder web is for the web part of your
application. At the moment this folder contains the deployment descriptor WEB-INF/web.xml and the
file index.jsp intended as a starting page of your application.

• External Libraries include your JDK and the JAR files for working with GlassFish.

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Developing source code Cookies and


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Our application will be a single JSP page application. Its only function will be to output the text Hello,
World!

1. Open index.jsp for editing: select the file in the Project tool window and press F4 .

2. Between <body> and </body> type Hello, World!

The code at this step is ready.

Running the application


In the upper-right part of the workspace, click .

IntelliJ IDEA compiles your source code and builds an application artifact.

After that, the Run tool window opens. IntelliJ IDEA starts the server and deploys the artifact onto it.

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Finally, your default web browser starts and you see the application output Hello, World! there.

Modifying the code and observing the


changes
1. In index.jsp , change Hello, World! to Hello! .

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2. In the Run tool window, click Update .

3. In the Update dialog, select Update resources and click OK. (For more information, see Application
update options.)

4. Switch to the web browser and reload the page to see the changes.

See also, Update applications on application servers.

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Exploring a run configuration Cookies and


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When creating the project, we specified GlassFish as an application server. As a result, IntelliJ IDEA created
a run configuration for GlassFish.

When we performed the Run command , we started that run configuration. Now let's take a look at the
run configuration and see how its settings map onto the events that we've just observed.

1. Click the run configuration selector and select Edit Configurations.

The Run/Debug Configurations dialog opens and the settings for the GlassFish run configuration are
shown.

The Before launch task list (in the lower part of the dialog) specifies that the application code should be
compiled and the corresponding artifact should be built prior to executing the run configuration.

2. Select the Startup/Connection tab to see how the server is started in the run, debug and code coverage
modes.

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3. Select the Deployment tab to see which artifacts are deployed after the server is started.

4. Go back to the Server tab.

The settings under Open browser specify that after launch (i.e. after the server is started and the
artifacts are deployed onto it) the default web browser should start and go to the specified URL
http://localhost:8080/JavaEEHelloWorld_war_exploded .

The settings to the right of On 'Update' action specify that on clicking in the Run tool window the
Update dialog should be shown and the Update resources option should be used by default. (The last
used update option becomes the default one).

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5. Click OK.

Exploring an artifact configuration


When creating the project, we indicated that we were going to develop a web application. As a result,
IntelliJ IDEA, among other things, created a configuration for building a web application artifact. Let's have
a look at this configuration.

1. Open the Project Structure dialog: File | Project Structure or Ctrl+Shift+Alt+S .

2. Under Project Settings, select Artifacts.

The available artifact configurations are shown in the pane to the right under and . (There's only
one configuration at the moment.)

The artifact settings are shown in the right-hand part of the dialog. [X]
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Type. The artifact type is Web Application: Exploded. This is a decompressed web application archive
(WAR), a directory structure that is ready for deployment onto a web server.

Output directory. The artifact, when built, is placed into


<project_folder>/out/artifacts/JavaEEHelloWorld_war_exploded .

Output Layout. The artifact structure is shown in the left-hand pane of the Output Layout tab.

The <output root> corresponds to the output directory. Other elements have the following meanings:

• 'JavaEEHelloWorld' compile output represents compiled Java classes whose sources are located in
the src directory. These are placed into WEB-INF/classes in the output directory.

• 'Web' facet resources represent the contents of the web directory.

Packaging the application into a WAR file


When you get to the stage when you are happy with your application, you may want to place it in a WAR
(web application archive). To do that, you should create an appropriate artifact configuration and then
build the artifact:

1. Click , point to Web Application: Archive and select For 'JavaEEHelloWorld: war exploded'.

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A new artifact configuration is created and its settings are shown in the right-hand part of the dialog.

2. Create a manifest file for your archive: click Create Manifest and agree to the location suggested by
IntelliJ IDEA web/META-INF/MANIFEST.MF .

3. Click OK in the Project Structure dialog.

4. Select Build | Build Artifacts.

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5. In the Build Artifact popup, point to JavaEEHelloWorld:war and select Build.

Now if you look at the out/artifacts/JavaEEHelloWorld_war folder, you'll see the archive there.

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Deploying an artifact onto a running server


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Sometimes you need to deploy your app onto a running server. This section provides a how-to example.

Server run configurations that don't start a server are called remote. Such run configurations can be used,
for example, for deploying applications to servers that are already running. (See Local and remote run
configurations.)

Let's create a run configuration for deploying our WAR artifact to the running server and see how it works.
(By now, the server has been started by the run configuration discussed earlier.)

1. Click the run configuration selector and select Edit Configurations.

2. Click , point to GlassFish Server and select Remote.

3. Change the run configuration name Unnamed to something more sensible (e.g. GlassFishRemote).
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4. Specify the artifact to be deployed to the server: select the Deployment tab, click and select Artifact.

In the dialog that opens, select the WAR artifact.

The result should look similar to this:

5. Click OK in the Run/Debug Configurations dialog.

Now let's see how this run configuration works.


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6. Execute the run configuration: click . web content and to provide you with a personalized
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The run configuration output is shown in the Run tool window.

After a while, a new tab in your web browser opens, and you see the application output there.

Packaging the application into an EAR: Using


Java EE Application support
To package your Java EE application into an EAR, you should:

1. Create a Java EE deployment descriptor application.xml .

2. Configure an EAR artifact.


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3. Build that artifact. web content and to provide you with a personalized
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As we are about to see, IntelliJ IDEA performs most of these tasks for you as part of its Java EE Application
support:

1. In the Project tool window, right-click your module folder and select Add Framework Support.

2. In the dialog that opens, select the JavaEE Application checkbox and click OK.

Note the descriptor file META-INF/application.xml created in your module folder.

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3. Open the file in the editor F4 .

At the moment, the file is almost empty.

4. Now let's look at the artifact configurations.


Note that a new configuration appeared, the one for an exploded EAR artifact.

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Currently only JavaEE Application facet resources META-INF/application.xml are included in the
artifact.

5. Let's add a copy of the exploded WAR artifact to the EAR artifact structure. To do that, under Available
Elements, expand the Artifacts node and double-click the exploded WAR artifact. Here is the result.

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(An alternative way of getting the same result would be | Artifact | JavaEEHelloWorld: war
exploded.)

6. Note the message Web facet isn't registered in application.xml. Click Fix. (A bit later, we'll look at the
changes made to application.xml by this quick fix.)

7. Create a configuration for an EAR artifact: | JavaEE Application: Archive | For


'JavaEEHelloWorld:ear exploded'.

8. To create a manifest file, click Create Manifest and agree to the default file location
<project_folder>/META-INF/MANIFEST.MF .

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9. Click OK in the Project Structure dialog.

See that your application.xml has changed. This is the result of applying the quick fix.

Let's now create a run configuration for building and deploying the EAR artifact.

10. Click the run configuration selector and select Edit Configurations. Then, in the Run/Debug
Configurations dialog, select | GlassFish Server | Remote.
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11. Specify a descriptive name for your run configuration, e.g. GlassFishRemoteEAR. web content and to provide you with a personalized
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12. Include the EAR artifact in the deployment list: switch onto the Deployment tab and select | Artifact
| JavaEEHelloWorld:ear.

Note that the Build 'JavaEEHelloWorld:ear' artifact task is included in the Before launch task list
automatically.

13. Switch to the Server tab and check the URL in the Open browser section. The part that follows
http://localhost:8080/ should correspond to the <context-root> element in your
application.xml .

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15. Execute the run configuration .

As before, another tab opens in the Run tool window showing the run configuration output.

Then, the application output is shown in the browser.

Now if you look at the Project tool window, you'll see your archive in the
out/artifacts/JavaEEHelloWorld_ear folder.

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Looking at other features (tool windows and


facets)
As part of its Web Application and Java EE Application support, IntelliJ IDEA:

• Made the Web and JavaEE:App tool windows available.

• Created the Web and Java EE Application facets.

Tool windows. To open the tool windows, you can, for example, select View | Tool Windows | Web or
View | Tool Windows | JavaEE:App.

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• Web tool window

• Java EE: App tool window

Facets. To view or edit the facet settings, open the Project Structure dialog, select Modules, and then
select Web or javaEEApplication under the module node. For more info, see:

• Web facet page

• Java EE Application facet page

Last modified: 28 April 2020

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