John Alfred A.

Ceniza
Basic Electrical Engineering
BSME-5
Problem Set A
Capacitors & Inductors

1. If the voltage across a 7.5-F Capacitor is

2t e−3 t V , find the current and the power SOLUTION:

GIVEN: C=7.5 F, v ( t )=2 t e−3 t V 5000t , 0<t< 2ms

SOLUTION:
Voltage across the capacitor,
{
v= 20−5000 t ,2<t <6 ms
−40+5000 t , 6< t<8 ms

dv ( t ) dv 4 × 10−6 5 , 0<t <2 ms

Find
dt
dv ( t )
,
d
,= ( 2t e−3t )
i=C
dt
=
10−3 {
−5 , 2<t< 6 ms
5 , 6<t< 8 ms
dt dt
20 mA ,0 <t<2 ms
−3 t
¿ 2 e −6 t e
Current through the capacitor,
−3 t
{
¿ −20 mA ,2<t <6 ms
20 mA ,6< t<8 ms
dv ( t )
i ( t )=C 3. A 4-mF capacitor has the terminal
dt
i t =7.5 × ( 2 e−3 t −6 t e−3 t )
( ) voltage
50 V ,t ≤0
¿ 15 e−3 t−45 t e−3 t A
i ( t )=15 e−3 t ( 1−3 t ) A
v=
{ Ae −100 t
+ B e−600t V , t ≥ 0
Power, If the capacitor has an initial current of 2A,
P ( t ) =v ( t ) i ( t ) find:
(a) the constants A and B,
P ( t ) =2 e−3 t ( 15 e−3 t −45 t e−3 t )
(b) the energy stored in the capacitor at
¿ 30 t e−6 t −90 t 2 e−6 t W
t=0
P ( t ) =30t e−6 t ( 1−3 t ) W
(c) the capacitor current for t > 0
2. The voltage across a 4-μF capacitor is
SOLUTION:
shown below. Find the current waveform
( a ).
dv
i=C
dt
¿−100 AC e−100 t−600 BC e−600t
i ( 0 )=2=−100 AC −600 BC 
5=−A−6 B
v ¿  50=A +B
Solving A and B by shift solve,
A=61 , B=−11
( b ). Energy stored C eq=2.5 Μf
1 1
E= C v 2 ( 0 )= ( 4 ×10−3 ) ( 2500 )=5 J
2 2

( c ). Capacitor Current
i ¿−100 AC e−100 t−600 BC e−600t
i=−100 ( 61 ) ( 4 × 10−3 ) ( e−100 t )−¿ 6. Obtain the equivalent capacitance of the
600 ( 11) ( 4 ×10−3 ) ( e−600 t ) Circuit
i=−24.4 e−100t −26.4 e−600t A

4. Find the voltage across the capacitors in

the circuit shown under dc conditions.

SOLUTION:
1 1 1 1 1
= + + =
Ceq 60 20 30 10
1

SOLUTION: C 1eq=10 μF
C eq=10+ 40=50 μF
60
i 2=0 , i 1= =0.6 A 7. The current through a 25-mH inductor is
( 70+10+ 20 )
v1 =70i 1=70 ( 0.6 )=42 V 10e-t/2 A. Find the voltage and the power at
t=3s.
v 2=60−20 i 1=60−20 ( 0.6 )=48 V
SOLUTION:
di L ( t )
5. Determine the equivalent capacitance at v L ( t )=L
terminals a-b of the circuit shown, dt
−t
¿ 0.025
d
dt
(
10 e 2 )
−t
¿ 0.025 ( 10 ) (−0.5 ) e 2
−t
¿−0.125 e 2 V
−3
SOLUTION: v L ( 3 ) =−0.125 e 2 =−0.028 V
( 4 )( 12 ) P L ( t ) =i L ( t ) × v L ( t )
4μF in series with 12μF ¿ = 3μF
4 +12 −t −t

3μF in parallel with 3μF ¿ 3+3= 6μF ¿ 10 e 2 (−0.125 e ) 2

(6) (6) ¿−1.25 e−t W

6μF in series with 6μF¿ =¿ 3μF
6+6 P L ( 3 ) ¿−1.25 e−3=−0.062 W
3μF in parallel with 2μF ¿ 3+2=¿ 5μF
(5 )( 5 )
5μF in series with 5μF ¿ =¿ = 2.5μF
5+5
 NO ANSWER
8. Find the equivalent inductance of the
circuit shown. Assume all inductors are 40
mH.

11. Find vC , iL and the energy stored in the

capacitor and inductor in the circuit under
dc
conditions.
NO ANSWER

9. Find Leq at the terminals of the circuit

below,

SOLUTION:

SOLUTION: 4
iL= ( 3 )=2 A , v C =0 V
5 (8+12) 6 (8+ 4) 4 +2

L =6+10+
eq
( 5+( 8+12) 6+( 8+4) )
8 + 1
W L = L i 2L =
2
1 1
()
2 2
( 2 )2=1 J
5( 8+12) 6( 8+4)
8+ (
5+(8+12) 6+(8+ 4) )
+ 1 1
W c = C v 2c = ( 2 ) ( 0 )=0 J
2 2
Leq =6+10+ 4
Leq =20 mH 12. Calculate the value of R that will make
the energy stored in the capacitor the
10. Find the equivalent inductance looking same as stored in the inductor under dc
into the terminals of the circuit below, conditions.
 SOLUTION:
L(L)
=0.5 L
L+ L
SOLUTION: L(L) L(L)
+ =L
L+ L L+ L
L(L)
Leq = =500 mL
L+ L

2 10 15. Determine Leq that may be used to

iL= (5)= , represent the inductive network of the
R+2 R+2
10 R circuit at the terminals.
vC =R i L =
R+2
1 100 R2
W c = C v 2c =80 × 10−6
2 (( R+2 )2 )
1 100
W L = L i 21=2 ×10−3
2 ( ( R+2 )2) SOLUTION:
If W c =W L , di
−6 100 R
2
100 Let v=Leq  (1)
80 ×10
( ( R +2 ))2
=2 ×10−3
( ( R+2 )2 ) dt
di
v=v 1 + v 2=4 + v 2  ( 2 )
80 ×10−3 R2 =2 dt
R=5Ω i=i 1+ i2  i 2=i−i 1 ( 3 )
13. Find Leq the circuit shown, d i1
v 2=3  (4 )
dt
di di
−v 2+2 +¿ 5 2 =0
dt dt
di d i2
v 2=2 +¿ 5  (5)
dt dt
Sub ( 3 ) and ( 4 ) to ( 5 ) ,
di di d i1 di v2
SOLUTION: v 2=2 +5 −5 =7 −5
dt dt dt dt 3
L(L) 5 di
L+ L
=0.5 L
L+ L=2 L
( )
v 2 1+ =7
3 dt
21 di
L+2 L ( 0.5 L ) v 2=  sub to ( 2 )
Leq = =1.4 L 8 dt
( L+2 L ) +0.5 L di 21 di 53 di
v=4 + =  sub to ( 1 )
dt 8 dt 8 dt
53
Leq = =6.625 H
14. Find Leq in the circuit shown, 8