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Philo (Role Play)

Sartre developed the philosophy of existentialism, emphasizing that individuals have free will and are responsible for their own actions. He believed that people should embrace their freedom by acting authentically rather than living in "bad faith" by denying responsibility. Sartre saw constraints on freedom from both nature and society.

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100 views26 pages

Philo (Role Play)

Sartre developed the philosophy of existentialism, emphasizing that individuals have free will and are responsible for their own actions. He believed that people should embrace their freedom by acting authentically rather than living in "bad faith" by denying responsibility. Sartre saw constraints on freedom from both nature and society.

Uploaded by

Marga
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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- Born on June

21, 1905 in
Paris, France
- Died on April
15, 1980
- Built the
existentialist
philosophy
- “Being is. Being is
in-itself. Being is
what it is.”
EARLY LIFE
- Jean Paul Sartre met Simone de Beauvoir, a
student at the Sorbonne, who became a
celebrated philosopher, writer
- They challenged the cultural and social
expectations of their respective "bourgeois"
backgrounds.
SARTRE’S EARLY WORKS
- Focused on themes of existentialism
➔ novel Nausea
➔ essay Existentialism and Humanism
- Began exploring the meaning of freedom and
free will and in 1940
SARTRE’S EARLY WORKS
- Made a principal philosophical work, Being
and Nothingness: a phenomenological essay
on ontology.
- emphasizes the
existence of the
individual person as a
free and responsible
EXISTENTIALISM
agent determining
their own
development through
acts of the will
- only by existing
and acting a
EXISTENTIALISM certain way do
we give
meaning to our
lives.
endowedwith
unlimited
freedom
INDIVIDUAL
- not being able to
FREEDOM
avoid making
choices
- individual's
CONSCIOUSNESS: - being-in-itself
BEING-FOR-ITSELF AND (en soi)
BEING-IN-ITSELF - being-for-itself
(pour soi)
- being-in-itself is
CONSCIOUSNESS: the unconscious
BEING-FOR-ITSELF AND
BEING-IN-ITSELF
being
- determinate and
non-relational
- the
being-for-itself is
CONSCIOUSNESS: the conscious
BEING-FOR-ITSELF AND
BEING-IN-ITSELF
being
- indeterminate
and relational
KEY ASPECTS
"Man is condemned
to be free; because
THE ANGUISH once thrown into the
OF FREEDOM world, he is
responsible for
everything he does."
- “existence precedes
essence” - by existing
and acting a certain way,
THE ANGUISH we give meaning to our
lives
OF FREEDOM - there is no fixed design
for how a human being
should be and no God to
give us a purpose
- lack of pre-defined
purpose is what Sartre
attributes to the
THE ANGUISH “anguish of freedom”
- each choice we make
OF FREEDOM defines us while at the
same time revealing to
us what we think a
human being should be
- Sartre believes that
most men live in bad
FOR-ITSELF (EN SOI) faith
& LIVING IN - living in a constant
BAD FAITH lie and denial of
(MAUVAISE FOI) one’s freedom and
responsibility.
- a person who strives to
be en soi (for-itself) is
acting on mauvaise foi
FOR-ITSELF (EN SOI) (bad faith)
& LIVING IN - act of hiding something
BAD FAITH to oneself but also
(MAUVAISE FOI) refusing to
acknowledge or pursue
alternate options
- money restricted a
person from freedom
- Capitalism - a
RAGE AGAINST machine that traps
THE MACHINE people in a cycle of
working in jobs they don't
like so that they can buy
things they don't need
- The necessity of
RAGE AGAINST material things led
THE MACHINE people to deny their
freedom
- realized only in deeds
committed alone in
absolute freedom and
AUTHENTIC responsibility
EXISTENCE/SELF - requires taking full
responsibility for our
life, choices, and
actions
- Individual freedom is
constrained by
nature and society,
AUTHENTIC
as well as by their
EXISTENCE/SELF own limitations –
what Sartre called
their ‘facticity’
1. Authentic self is realized in deeds
committed alone in absolute freedom
and responsibility.
2. Sartre believes that money was not
a factor that restricted a person from
his/her freedom.
3. Sartre believes that most men live in
good faith; living in a constant truth and
acceptance of one’s freedom and
responsibility.
4. Sartre believes that our choices do not
define us
5. Each agent is endowed with
unlimited freedom

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