BUILDING MODELLING INFORMATION

USING REVIT

KCE-554 INTERNSHIP

Report Submitted
in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for the Degree of

Bachelor of Technology
in
Civil Engineering
by

Gaurav Sharma (1803000013)

Session 2020-2021

to the
Department of Civil Engineering
Inderprastha Engineering College, Ghaziabad
Dr. A P J ABDUL KALAM TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
LUCKNOW
SEPTEMBER 2020
CERTIFICATE
 DECLARATION

I hereby declare that this submission is my own work and that, to the best of my knowledge
and belief, it contains no material previously published or written by another person nor
material which to a substantial extent has been accepted for the award of any other degree
of the university or other institute of higher learning, except where due acknowledgement
has been made in the text.

Signature

Gaurav Sharma

1803000013

Date:
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It gives me a great sense of pleasure to present the report of the …………..undertaken

during B. Tech.. I owe special debt of gratitude to my supervisor ………………………..
for his constant support and guidance throughout the duration of internship. His sincerity,
thoroughness and perseverance have been a constant source of inspiration for us.

I, do not like to miss the opportunity to acknowledge the contribution of all faculty
members of the civil department for their kind assistance and cooperation during the
development of this report. Last but not the least, I would like to acknowledge Prof…….,
Department of Civil Engineering for helping us to understand the basic concepts of …… ….

Gaurav Sharma
 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure No. Title Page No.

1 Fig.2.1.1 12

2 Fig.2.2.1 13

3 Fig.2.3.1 14

4 Fig.2.4.1 15

5 Fig.2.5.1 16

6 Fig.2.6.1 17

7 Fig.2.8.1 19

8 Fig.3.1.1 20

9 Fig.3.2.1 21
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page
Certificate i
Declaration ii
Acknowledgement iii
List of Tables iv
List of Figures v
List of Symbols vi

1. Introduction
1.1 Organization overview 8
1.2 Building Information Modelling 9
1.3 Revit 10
2. Revit Structure
2.1 Grid 12
2.2 Level 13
2.3 Column 14
2.4 Beam 15
2.5 Slab 15
2.6 Wall 16
2.7 Staircase 17
2.8 Ramp 18
3. Projects
3.1 3 Storey Residential Building 20
3.2 5 Storey Hotel Building 21
4. Learning Outcomes 22
References 23
 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Overview of Organization

Professional Trainers was established on 12 Sep, 2015, with the purpose to provide
quality Computer Aided Design training on various software’s. In 2015, the expert from
various industry such as Structural Engineers, MEP Engineers, Architects and from other
fields, come together to form Professional Trainers.

With the advantage of experience over 15 years, Professional Trainers is now one of the
leading design and Training providing company in India, serving many colleges and
companies across India in Architecture, Interior designing, Mechanical, Civil, Electrical
and Graphic Solutions.

Industry Experts are hired to train Students with detailed and highly technical knowledge of
Software’s, which add a feather in their cap and make them employable at different design
companies. Many Companies know us by are quality training.

1.2 Building Information Modelling

Building Information Modeling (BIM) is an intelligent 3D model-based process that

gives architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) professionals the insight and tools
to more efficiently plan, design, construct, and manage buildings and infrastructure.

Building Information Modeling is a process that begins with the creation of an intelligent
3D model and enables document management, coordination and simulation during the
entire lifecycle of a project (plan, design, build, operation and maintenance).

BIM is used to design and document building and infrastructure designs. Every detail of a
building is modeled in BIM. The model can be used for analysis to explore design options
and to create visualizations that help stakeholders understand what the building will look
like before it’s built. The model is then used to generate the design documentation for
construction.
The process of BIM supports the creation of intelligent data that can be used throughout the
lifecycle of a building or infrastructure project.

According to the UN, by 2050 the world's population will be 9.7 billion. The global AEC
industry must look to smarter, more efficient ways to design and build not just as a means
to keep up with global demand but to help create spaces that are smarter and more resilient
too.

BIM not only allows design and construction teams to work more efficiently, but it allows
them to capture the data they create during the process to benefit operations and
maintenance activities. This is why BIM mandates are increasing across the globe.

BIM in construction management

Participants in the building process are constantly challenged to deliver successful projects
despite tight budgets, limited manpower, accelerated schedules, and limited or conflicting
information. The significant disciplines such as architectural, structural and MEP designs
should be well-coordinated, as two things can’t take place at the same place and time. BIM
additionally is able to aid in collision detection, identifying the exact location of
discrepancies.

The BIM concept envisages virtual construction of a facility prior to its actual physical
construction, in order to reduce uncertainty, improve safety, work out problems, and
simulate and analyze potential impacts.[39] Sub-contractors from every trade can input
critical information into the model before beginning construction, with opportunities to pre-
fabricate or pre-assemble some systems off-site. Waste can be minimized on-site and
products delivered on a just-in-time basis rather than being stock-piled on-site.

Quantities and shared properties of materials can be extracted easily. Scopes of work can be
isolated and defined. Systems, assemblies and sequences can be shown in a relative scale
with the entire facility or group of facilities. BIM also prevents errors by enabling conflict
or 'clash detection' whereby the computer model visually highlights to the team where parts
of the building (e.g. Structural frame and building services pipes or ducts) may wrongly
intersect.
 Best BIM Software:

 AutoCAD Architecture.
 Revit.
 BricsCAD BIM.
 Allplan.
 Rhinoceros.
 Vectorworks.
 ArchiCAD.
 Micro Station.

1.3 Revit

Revit is a building information modelling software for architects, landscape architects,

structural engineers, mechanical, electrical, and plumbing (MEP) engineers, designers and
contractors. The original software was developed by Charles River Software, founded in
1997, renamed Revit Technology Corporation in 2000, and acquired by Autodesk in 2002.
The software allows users to design a building and structure and its components in 3D,
annotate the model with 2D drafting elements, and access building information from the
building model's database. Revit is 4D building information modeling capable with tools to
plan and track various stages in the building's lifecycle, from concept to construction and
later maintenance and/or demolition.
Revit was intended to allow architects and other building professionals to design and
document a building by creating a parametric three-dimensional model that included both
the geometry and non-geometric design and construction information, which is also known
as Building Information Modeling or BIM (1975 Eastman C.). At the time, several other
software packages—such as ArchiCAD and Reflex—provided a three-dimensional virtual
building model, and let the user control individual components via parameters (parametric
components). Two key differences in Revit were that users created parametric components
in a graphical "family editor" rather than a programming language, and the model captured
all relationships between components, views, and annotations so that a change to any
element automatically propagated to keep the model consistent. For example, moving a
wall updated neighboring walls, floors, and roofs, corrected the placement and values of
dimensions and notes, adjusted the floor areas reported in schedules, redrew section views.
 CHAPTER 2
REVIT STRUCTURE

2.1 Grid
Use the Grid tool to place structural grid lines in the building design. You can then add
columns/structural components along the column grid lines
1. Open Plan view and Click Home tab → Datum panel → Grid. (Keyboard Shortcut 'GR')2.
Click Place Grid tab → Draw panel, and select a sketch option.3. Go to the drawing area and
draw the grid line from its starting point to its end point.

Fig.2.1.1

Revit Architecture automatically numbers each grid. To change the grid number, click the
number, enter the new value, and press ENTER. You can use letters for grid line values. If you
change the first grid number to a letter, all subsequent grid lines update appropriately.
As you draw grid lines, the heads and tails of the lines can align to one another. If grid lines are
aligned and you select a line, a lock appears to indicate the alignment. If you drag the blue drag
point of any one grid line, other aligned grid lines will also move with it. If you wish to drag
only one of the grid line than click on the lock again to unlock it and then drag again.Just like
Levels (See: 2.2 Creating Levels), Grids too are Datum elements. They too behave similarly.
Sketch a grid line, or select an existing grid line. Click the Add Elbow control, then drag the
control to the desired location to offset and move the bubble away from the grid line.
2.2 Level
Before beginning a Revit model, it is advisable to create the no of levels required in the project.
Although, accuracy in the initial stage will help the project to shape better but it is not
mandatory to be exact in your values. It is possible to modify the heights, add new levels or
delete levels at a later stage also.
Creating/Adding New Levels:
Open the section or elevation view to add levels to.
On the ribbon, click (Level). Architecture tab Datum panel (Level)
Place the cursor in the drawing area and click.
Draw level lines by moving the cursor horizontally.
Click when the level line is the correct length.

Fig.2.2.1

2.3 Column

Columns should preferably be located at (or) near the corners of a building, and at the
intersection of beams/walls. Select the position of columns so as to reduce bending
moments in beams. Avoid larger spans of beams. Avoid larger centre-to-centre distance
between columns.For this general thumb rule, we will assume a structure of G+1 floors
high, using standard 6″ walls. Minimum size of an RCC column should not be less than 9”
x 12” (225mm x 300mm) with 4 bars of 12 MM Fe415 Steel. These days the minimum I
use in my projects is 9″ x 12″ (225 mm x 300mm) with 6 bars of 12 MM Fe500 steel.
Add a Column ; Click Architecture tab Build panel Column drop-down (Column:
Architectural).On the Options Bar, specify the following: Rotate after placement. Click in
the drawing area to place the column. If you need to move the column, select it and drag it
to a new position.

Fig.2.3.1

2.4 Beams

Use the Grid tool to select grid lines to place beams automatically between other structural
elements such as columns, structural walls, and other beams.For example, you might have 2
structural columns located on a grid line. Beams are also added between columns and
structural walls.Click Structure tab Structure panel (Beam).Click Modify | Place Beam tab
Multiple panel (On Grids).Select a grid line along which you want to place a beam. Click
Modify | Place Beam > On Grid Lines Multiple panel (Finish).
 Fig.2.4.1

2.5 Slab
Create a foundation slab by sketching or selecting the walls of the first level of the
model.Click Structure tab Foundation panel (Slab).Specify a foundation slab type from the
Type Selector.Click Modify | Create Floor Boundary tab. Draw panel Boundary Line and
then click (Pick Walls) to select the walls in your model. Optionally, you can sketch a
foundation slab. Use the sketch tools on the Modify | Create Floor Boundary tab Draw
panel to form the boundary of the foundation slab. The sketch must form a closed loop or
boundary condition.On the Options Bar, click Extend into wall if you want the offset to be
measured from the wall's core.On the Options Bar, specify an offset for slab edges in the
Offset text box.Click Modify | Create Floor Boundary tab Mode panel (Finish).
Note: Foundation slabs are added below the level in which they are drawn. Therefore, if
you add a foundation slab in Level 1, it is added below Level 1 and will not be visible in
the Level 1 plan view. To see the foundation slab in a plan view, create a new level below
Level 1, for example, Foundation Level. When you create a new level below Level 1, you
will also be able to see the foundation slab as an underlay (displayed in halftone) in Level 1.

Fig.2.5.1

2.6 Wall

Use the Structural Wall tool to sketch a structural wall in the building model.On the ribbon,
click (Structural Wall) Structure tab Structure panel Wall drop-down (Wall:
Structural)Architect tab Build panel Wall drop-down (Wall: Structural)On the Properties
palette, select the family type of the wall from the Type Selector drop-down.(Optional)
Change the instance properties of the wall to be placed by clicking on the Properties palette.
Modify the Type Parameters of the wall to be placed by clicking the Edit Type button on
the Properties palette. On the Options Bar, specify the following: Level. (3D views only)
Select a level for the wall’s base constraint. You can choose a non-story level.Depth. Select
a level for the wall’s bottom constraint, or enter a value for the default setting of
Unconnected. Or if you want the wall to extend upwards from the base constraint, select
Height.Location Line. Select which vertical plane of the wall you want to align withthe
cursor as you draw, or with the line or face you will select in the drawing area.Chain. Select
this option to draw a series of wall segments connected at endpoints.Offset. Optionally
enter a distance to specify how far the wall’s location line will be offset from the cursor
position or from a selected line or face (as described in the next step).Sketch the shape of
the wall.If the walls do not display after you draw them, you may need to lower the view
depth or create a foundation level to use as an underlay for the current level.

Fig.2.6.1

2.7 Staircase

Open a plan or 3D view. On the ribbon, click Architecture tab Circulation panel (Stair).
Optional: To specify the type of railing to be created for the stair run, click Modify | Create
Stair tab Tools panel (Railing). For details, see Specify the Railing for a New Stair.

1. Obtain the required regulations for staircases in your local area.

2. Select the Stair function. Choose which Type you wish to use.
 3. Select the Default staircase type. Edit the Type using the Properties panel.
4. Duplicate the Type. Rename it.
5. Enter Maximum Riser Height and Minimum Tread Depth as per the compliance
rules.
6. Click Edit Calculation Rules.
7. Tick Use Stair Calculator. Update Rise, Depth and Target Slope
8. Update Minimum / Maximum Slope Results as per compliance rules.
9. Choose Desired Number of Steps. Review the Actual Riser Height to make sure it
complies.
10. Open up the Base Floor Plan. Start the Stair Run and place half the steps or the
maximum allowed in a run.
11. Create a landing by starting the next run. Finish placing the remaining steps.
12. Select the green tick to finish the stair. Revit will automatically create railings.

2.8 Ramp

Create a ramp in a plan or 3D view by sketching the run of the ramp or by sketching
boundary lines. ... Click Modify | Create Ramp Sketch tab Draw panel, and select either
(Line) or (Center-ends Arc). Place the cursor in the drawing area, and drag to sketch
the ramp run. Click (Finish Edit Mode).Create a ramp in a plan or 3D view by sketching the
run of the ramp or by sketching boundary lines.The easiest way to add a ramp is to sketch a
run. However, the Run tool limits the design of your ramp to straight runs, straight runs
with landings, and spiral ramps. For more control when designing ramps, sketch the run of
the ramp using the Boundary and Riser tools.Click Architecture tab Circulation
panel (Ramp).(Optional) To select a different work plane, click Work Plane panelSet on the
Architecture tab, the Structure tab, or the Systems tab.Click Modify | Create Ramp Sketch
tabDraw panel, and select either (Line) or (Center-ends Arc).Place the cursor in the
drawing area, and drag to sketch the ramp run.
Fig.2.8.1
 CHAPTER 3
PROJECTS

3.1 3 Storey Residential Building

Fig.3.1.1
3.2 5 Storey Hotel Building

Fig.3.2.1
 CHAPTER 4
LEARNING OUTCOMES

Develop Accurate Architectural Designs

Revit Architecture is a popular BIM tool that enables the architects to design and create
accurate and high-quality architectural designs and their components in 3D and 2D
drafting elements. The models created using the Autodesk Revit Architecture are highly
accurate and precise which let you create well-planned and precisely executed building
structures.

Set Up Levels, Grids & Views

After taking the Revit Architecture course, the architects or design engineers learn how
to set up levels and grids and even create views for cost-effective and energy-efficient
design creation of the building. Architects can use this feature to create design models
that are superbly precise and strictly as per the design ideas.

Manage The Construction Documentation

Revit Architecture course also enables the architects, engineers, and designers to manage
the construction documentation in a much efficient manner. People can access
information from the building design database at any point in time and keep a tab on the
documentation process related to the construction of the building structure as per the
designs.

Scan Revit Models For Collisions

One of the key learning outcomes that you after taking the Revit Architecture course is
that you learn how to scan the Revit models for any type of collisions or any signs of
collisions in the building even before its construction.

Perform Building Element Energy Analysis

In order to create an energy-efficient building, it is important to perform a building
element energy analysis. Revit Architecture enables its users to do this task with
efficiency and ease. The model and its component and elements can be analyzed through
various perspectives to create a more energy-efficient building.
 References

1. Eastman, T.; Sacks; Liston - What is BIM? 2011. Consultado em 16/09/2014 no site:
http://www.tekla.com/company/buildingconstruction/what-is-bim
2. Eastman, T. – Handbook of BIM. 2011.
3. CodeBIM – Collaborative design education using BIM. 2013.
4. Kumar, J.V. and Mukherjee, M. (2009) “Scope of Building Information Modeling
(BIM) in India”, Journal of Engineering Science and TechnologyReview, 2 (1) 165-
169
5. R. Sacks, C. Eastman, G. Lee, and P. Teicholz, “BIM for architects and engineers,”
in BIM Handbook, R. Sacks, C. Eastman, G. Lee, and P. Teicholz, Eds., John Wiley
& Sons, Hoboken, NJ, USA, 2018.