A rational function is one that can be written as a polynomial

divided by a polynomial. Since polynomials are defined

everywhere, the domain of a rational function I'd the set of
all numbers except the zeros of the denominator.

GENERAL FORM:
f(x) = P(x) / Q(x)

SAMPLE PROBLEM:

Since f has a vertical is at x = 2, then the denominator of the

rational function contains the term (x - 2). Function f has the
form.
f(x) = g(x) / (x - 2)

g(x) which is in the numerator must be of the same degree

as the denominator since f has a horizontal asymptote.
Also g(x) must contain the term (x + 5) since f has a zero
at x = - 5. Hence

f(x) = 3 (x + 5) / (x - 2)

A function that is defined on a sequence of intervals. It is also defined by multiple

sub-functions, each sub-function applying to a certain interval of themain function's
domain, a sub-domain.
GENERAL FORM:
if x ≥ 0 -> f(x) = x
if x < 0 -> f(x) = -x

EXAMPLE PROBLEM:
Your favorite dog groomer charges according toy our dog’s weight. If your dog is 15
pounds and under, the groomer charges $35. If your dog is between 15 and 40
pounds, she charges $40. If your dog is over 40pounds, she charges $40, plus an
additional $2 for each pound.
(a) Write a piecewise function that describes
what your dog groomer charges.
(b) What would the groomer charge if your
cute dog weighs 60 pounds?

SOLUTION:
(a) We see that the “boundary points” are 15 and 40,
since these are the weights where prices change. Since
we have two boundary points, we’ll have three equations
in our piecewise function. We have to start at 0, since dogs
have to weigh over 0 pounds:
f(x) = { ...if 0 < x ≤ 15
f(x) = { ...if 15 < x ≤ 40
f(x) = { ...x ≤ 40
(b) If your dog weighs 60 pounds, we can either use the graph
, or the function to see that you would have to pay $80.
A function of the form f(x) = ax 2 + bx + c where a , b and c
are real numbers and a not equal to zero. The graph of the
quadratic function is called a parabola.

GENERAL FORM:
f(x) = ax 2 + bx + c

EXAMPLE PROBLEM:
An object is thrown vertically upward with an initial velocity
of Vo feet/sec. Its distance S(t), in feet, above ground is given by
S(t) = -16 t 2 + vo t. Find vo so that the highest point the object can
reach is 300 feet above ground.

SOLUTION:

S(t) is a quadratic function and the maximum value of S(t)is given by

k = c - b 2 /(4 a) = 0 - (vo)2 / (4(-16))
This maximum value of S(t) has to be 300
feet in order for the object to reach a maximum distance above
ground of 300 feet.
- (vo) 2 / (4(-16)) = 300
we now solve - (vo) 2 / (4(-16)) = 300 for vo
vo = 64*300 = 80 √3 feet/sec.

Is a function of the form. where b is a positive real number, and in which

the argument x occurs as an exponent.
GENERAL FORM:
y = f (x) = ax, where a > 0, a≠1,
and x is any real number
EXAMPLE PROBLEM:
Write an equation to describe the exponential function in form y=ab^x,
with base 3 and passing through the point (4,162).
SOLUTION:
The equation will be in the form y=a(3)x, since the base is 3. Plug in 4 for
x and 162 for y, and solve for a:
Y=162a=a(3)^x
=a(3)^4
=16281
=2
The equation is y=2(3)x
It is also known as the Floor Function. The value of [x] is the largest
integer that is less than or equal to x. [x] - is the largest integer that
is less than or equal to x.

GENERAL FORM:
f(x) = [x]
SAMPLE:

Evaluate ⌊2.7⌋

SOLUTION:

If we examine a number line with the integers and 2.7 plotted on

it, we see
Consider the number line and a point at a distance x from the origin
zero of the number line.
The absolute value of x written as |x| is the distance from zero to x.
Since |x| gives a distance, it is always positive or equal to zero

GENERAL FORM:
|x−a|

SAMPLE PROBLEM:
Find the range of function f defined by
f(x) = 2|2x + 4|

SOLUTION:

The range of |2x + 4| is given by |2x + 4| ≥ 0

Multiply the two sides of the inequality by 2 to write
2 |2x + 4| ≥ 0
The range of the given function f is written above in inequality form
and may also be written in interval form as follows
[0 , ∞)

A linear function for which the range does not change no matter which
member of the domain is used.

GENERAL FORM:
f(x sub 1)=f(x sub 2)

SAMPLE PROBLEM:
A family of linear functions is given by f(x) = mx + (3 - 2 m) where x is the
independent variable and m is a constant.
a) What do all the graphs in part a) have in common?
b) Justify your answer to part b) analytically.
c) Write the equation of the family of functions whose graphs pass by the
same point (- 2 , - 4).

SOLUTION:
a) All the graphs pass by the same point (2 , 3)
b) To prove that all lines described by the equation f(x) = mx + (3 - 2 m) pass
by the point (2 , 3), show that f(2) = 3
f(2) = 2 m + (3 - 2m) = 3
c) The point slope form of the equation of a line is used to find equation of the
family of lines that pass by the point (-2,-4) is found as follows
y - (-4) = m (x - (-2))
y = mx + (2m - 4)
As an exercise, graph the above equation for different values of m and check
that all the lines obtained pass by the point (-2 , -4)
 Okay pa ako<br>
<br>
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