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    Local Events 19th Century

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    Gab Apelado
    Late 18th century, political and economic changes in Europe began affecting the Philippines as Manila opened to foreign trade. By the mid-1830s, a new class emerged from the growth of commercial agriculture including sugar, hemp, and coffee haciendas owned by Chinese-Filipino mestizos. In the 1880s, wealthy Filipino students studied in Europe and developed nationalism, forming the Propaganda Movement calling for reforms under Spanish rule. José Rizal formed the Liga Filipina in 1892 upon returning to the Philippines, but was arrested, leading to the formation of the secret Katipunan society dedicated to Philippine independence. Tensions increased and the Katipunan's plans were uncovered, forcing the declaration of

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    Local Events 19th Century

    Uploaded by

    Gab Apelado
    16 views2 pages
    Late 18th century, political and economic changes in Europe began affecting the Philippines as Manila opened to foreign trade. By the mid-1830s, a new class emerged from the growth of commercial agriculture including sugar, hemp, and coffee haciendas owned by Chinese-Filipino mestizos. In the 1880s, wealthy Filipino students studied in Europe and developed nationalism, forming the Propaganda Movement calling for reforms under Spanish rule. José Rizal formed the Liga Filipina in 1892 upon returning to the Philippines, but was arrested, leading to the formation of the secret Katipunan society dedicated to Philippine independence. Tensions increased and the Katipunan's plans were uncovered, forcing the declaration of

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    Historic Events in the Philippines During the 19th Century Free Scribd

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    Late 18th century, political and economic changes in Europe began affecting the Philippines as Manila opened to foreign trade. By the mid-1830s, a new class emerged from the growth of commercial agriculture including sugar, hemp, and coffee haciendas owned by Chinese-Filipino mestizos. In the 1880s, wealthy Filipino students studied in Europe and developed nationalism, forming the Propaganda Movement calling for reforms under Spanish rule. José Rizal formed the Liga Filipina in 1892 upon returning to the Philippines, but was arrested, leading to the formation of the secret Katipunan society dedicated to Philippine independence. Tensions increased and the Katipunan's plans were uncovered, forcing the declaration of

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    16 views2 pages

    Local Events 19th Century

    Uploaded by

    Gab Apelado
    Late 18th century, political and economic changes in Europe began affecting the Philippines as Manila opened to foreign trade. By the mid-1830s, a new class emerged from the growth of commercial agriculture including sugar, hemp, and coffee haciendas owned by Chinese-Filipino mestizos. In the 1880s, wealthy Filipino students studied in Europe and developed nationalism, forming the Propaganda Movement calling for reforms under Spanish rule. José Rizal formed the Liga Filipina in 1892 upon returning to the Philippines, but was arrested, leading to the formation of the secret Katipunan society dedicated to Philippine independence. Tensions increased and the Katipunan's plans were uncovered, forcing the declaration of

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
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    Local series of events during 19th century

    Late 18th century


     political and economic changes in Europe were finally beginning to affect Spain
    and, thus, the Philippines.

    mid-1830s
     Manila was open to foreign merchants almost without restriction. The
    demand for Philippine sugar and abaca (hemp) grew apace, and the
    volume of exports to Europe expanded even further after the completion of
    the Suez Canal in 1869.
     The growth of commercial agriculture resulted in the appearance of a new
    class.
     Alongside the landholdings of the church and the rice estates of the pre-
    Spanish nobility there arose haciendas of coffee, hemp, and sugar, often
    the property of enterprising Chinese-Filipino mestizos.
    1863
     Public education started in the Philippines, and even the church controlled
    the curriculum.
    1880s
     Many sons of the wealthy were sent to Europe to study. There, nationalism
    and a passion for reform blossomed in the liberal atmosphere.
     Out of this talented group of overseas Filipino students arose what came to
    be known as the Propaganda Movement. Magazines, poetry, and
    pamphleteering flourished. José Rizal, being one of them.
    1892
     Liga Filipina was formed by Rizal when he returned to the Philippines
    (Liga Filipina: a modest reform-minded society, loyal to Spain, that breathed
    no word of independence.)
     Rizal was arrested
     Activists quickly formed the Katipunan being shocked by Rizal’s arrest.
    This was led by Andres Bonifacio.
    (The Katipunan was dedicated to the expulsion of the Spanish from the
    islands, and preparations were made for armed revolt. Filipino rebels had
    been numerous in the history of Spanish rule, but now for the first time they
    were inspired by nationalist ambitions and possessed the education needed to
    make success a real possibility.)
    August 1896
     Spanish friars uncovered evidence of the Katipunan’s plans, and its leaders
    were forced into premature action.
    December 30, 1896
     Rizal was executed.
    December 1897
     a truce was concluded with the Spanish.
    (Emilio Aguinaldo, a municipal mayor and commander of the rebel forces,
    was paid a large sum and was allowed to go to Hong Kong with other leaders;
    the Spanish promised reforms as well. But reforms were slow in coming, and
    small bands of rebels, distrustful of Spanish promises, kept their arms;
    clashes grew more frequent.)
    April 21, 1898 – December 10, 1898
     Spanish-American War
     U.S. naval victory against Spain in the Battle of Manila Bay
    May 1898
     Aguinaldo and his entourage returned to the Philippines with the help of
    Adm. George Dewey. Confident of U.S. support, Aguinaldo reorganized his
    forces and soon liberated several towns south of Manila.
    June 12, 1898
     Philippine Independence was declared
    September 1898
     a constitutional congress met in Malolos, north of Manila, which drew up a
    fundamental law derived from European and Latin American precedents.
    January 1898
     A government was formed on the basis of that constitution in January
    1899, with Aguinaldo as president of the new country, popularly known as
    the “Malolos Republic.”

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