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ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY

AAnalyst 700
Atomic Absorption Spectrometer

User’s Guide
 ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY

AAnalyst 700
Atomic Absorption Spectrometer

User’s Guide
 PerkinElmer Bodenseewerk is registered
for the design and manufacture of
laboratory analytical equipment
under the quality requirements of
BS EN ISO 9001.

Certificate No. FM 22178

Notice
The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice.

Release history

Part Number Release Publication Date

0993-5255 1 January 1998
2 September 1998
3 June1999
4 March 2000
5 September 2000

Trademarks
PerkinElmer is a trademark of PerkinElmer, Inc.
AAnalyst, AA WinLab, Lumina, and HGA are trademarks of affiliates of PerkinElmer Instruments LLC.
Windows is a trademark and Microsoft is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation.
Registered names, trademarks, etc. used in this document, even when not
specifically marked as such, are not to be considered unprotected by law.
Copyright information
This document contains proprietary information that is protected by copyright.
All rights are reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced in any form whatsoever
or translated into any language without the prior written permission of PerkinElmer Instruments LLC
or one of its affiliates.
Copyright ©1998–2000 by affiliates of PerkinElmer Instruments LLC
Printed in the Federal Republic of Germany
Technical Documentation
PerkinElmer Bodenseewerk
D-88647 Ueberlingen, Federal Republic of Germany
 Contents

page

Chapter 1 Safety and Regulatory Information

Safety practices and conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Correct use of the instrument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Electrical safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5
Operating conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7
Laboratory hygiene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8
Laboratory ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8
Safe handling of chemicals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9
Waste disposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-10
UV radiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-11
High temperatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12
Handling compressed gases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-13
Safety practices for flame atomization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-16
Safety practices for electrothermal atomization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-22
Safety practices for FIAS and mercury hydride systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-24
References for laboratory safety practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-26
Regulatory information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-27
IEC 1010 compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-27
Electrical protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-27
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-28
Symbols used on the instrument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-29
Warning Markings on the instrument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-30
Warning markings at the front of the spectrometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-30
Warning markings on the rear panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-32
Warning markings on the deuterium lamp cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-35

0993-5255 C-1
Contents

page

Chapter 2 Spectrometer Installation

Before you install the spectrometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
Moving and reinstalling the spectrometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
Preparing the spectrometer to be moved . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
Moving the spectrometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
Reinstalling the spectrometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
Connecting the burner gases. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
Connecting the furnace gases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10
To connect the drain system to the burner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15
To install the furnace autosampler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15
Connecting cooling sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16
Electrical connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-22
Chapter 3 Preparing the System for Analyses
Switching on the system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
Installing lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7
Installing sample trays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11
Shutting down the system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12
Emergency shutdown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14
Chapter 4 Spectrometer: System Maintenance
PerkinElmer Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Maintenance checklist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
Spectrometer maintenance procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
Cleaning the windows of the optical system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
Maintaining the electrical components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7
Changing the air filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10
Replacing the deuterium lamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11
Maintaining the acetylene supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-14
Chapter 5 Parts and Supplies
Parts provided . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
Replacement parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
Obtaining supplies, replacement parts, and accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4

C-2 0993-5255
 Contents

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Chapter 6 Laboratory Requirements

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3
Operating conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3
Space requirements for the spectrometer system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5
Electrical requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8
Gas supply requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-9
Burner gases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-10
Furnace gases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-14
Cooling the spectrometer system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-16
Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-18
Computer and printer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-18
Chapter 7 Spectrometer: System Description
The AAnalyst 700 Spectrometer System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3
The optical system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6
Switches and connectors on the spectrometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-8
Technical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-14
Chapter 8 Translations of Warnings
Translations of Warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3
Symbols used on the instrument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-45
Index
Customer Service

0993-5255 C-3
Contents

C-4 0993-5255
Safety and Regulatory Information 1
1Safety and Regulatory Information

Contents page

Safety practices and conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3

Correct use of the instrument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Electrical safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5
Operating conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7
Laboratory hygiene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8
Laboratory ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8
Safe handling of chemicals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9
Waste disposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-10
UV radiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-11
High temperatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12
Handling compressed gases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-13
Safety practices for flame atomization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-16
Safety practices for electrothermal atomization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-22
Safety practices for FIAS and mercury hydride systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-24
References for laboratory safety practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-26
Regulatory information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-27
IEC 1010 compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-27
Electrical protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-27
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-28
Symbols used on the instrument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-29
Warning Markings on the instrument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-30
Warning markings at the front of the spectrometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-30
Warning markings on the rear panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-32
Warning markings on the deuterium lamp cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-35

0993-5255 1-1
1-2 0993-5255
 Safety/Regulatory Information

Safety practices and conventions

This instrument has been designed to comply with a wide variety of international
standards governing the safety of laboratory equipment. In routine use, the
instrument poses virtually no risk to you. If you take some simple, common-sense
precautions, you can maintain the continued safe operation of the instrument.
The guide provided with the instrument contains information and warnings that
must be followed by the user to ensure safe operation and to maintain the
instrument in a safe condition. This advice is intended to supplement, not
supersede, the normal safety code of behavior prevailing in the country of
operation.
The information provided does not cover every safety procedure that should be
practiced. Ultimately, maintenance of a safe laboratory environment is the
responsibility of the user and the user’s organization.
Possible hazards that could harm the user or result in damage to the instrument
are clearly stated at appropriate places throughout this guide.
Any of the following safety conventions can be used throughout this guide:

This symbol alerts you to situations that could result in personal injury to yourself
or other persons.
Details about these circumstances are in a box like this one.

This symbol alerts you to the risk of electric shock that could result in personal
injury to yourself or other persons.
Details about these circumstances are in a box like this one.

This symbol alerts you to the risk of hot surfaces that could cause personal
injury to yourself or other persons.
Details about these circumstances are in a box like this one.

0993-5255 1-3
 Safety/Regulatory Information

This symbol alerts you to the risk of ultraviolet radiation that could cause
eye damage to yourself or other persons.
Details about these circumstances are in a box like this one.

Caution The term CAUTION alerts you to situations that could result in serious damage
to the instrument or other equipment.
Details about these circumstances are described in a message similar to this
one.

Correct use of the instrument

Before you install or use your instrument, and in order to get the best results, you
should be familiar with all of the instruments in the system and know how to
operate them. You should also be aware of the safety procedures in force in your
laboratory, especially those concerning atomic spectrometry instruments. Consult
the guides supplied with the instruments before you start.
If you use the instrument in a manner not specified in the guide, or if you use it
for a purpose other than that intended, you may damage the instrument, or
compromise your own, or someone else’s, safety.
This instrument should only be operated by persons who are suitably qualified
and have received adequate training.

1-4 0993-5255
 Safety/Regulatory Information

Electrical safety

W1.2
Warning: Unauthorized Adjustments and Servicing
Only a PerkinElmer service engineer or similarly trained and authorized person
should be permitted to service the instrument.
 Do not attempt to make adjustments, replacements, repairs, or modifications
to this instrument except as described in the documentation supplied with the
instrument.

W2.1
Warning: Electrical Hazard
Any interruption of the protective conductor inside or outside the instrument or
disconnection of the protective conductor (earth/ground) terminal is likely to
make the instrument dangerous.
Intentional interruption is prohibited.
Lethal voltages are present in the instrument
– Even with the power switch off, line power voltages can still be present within
the instrument.
– When the instrument is connected to line power, terminals may be live, and
opening covers or removing parts (except those to which access can be
gained without use of a tool) is likely to expose live parts.
– Capacitors inside the instrument may still be charged even if the instrument
has been disconnected from all voltage sources.

 To ensure satisfactory and safe operation of the instrument, it is essential that

the line power cord is connected to a properly installed line power outlet that
has a protective conductor (earth/ground).
 Do not attempt to make internal adjustments or replacements except as
directed in the guide provided with the instrument.
 Do not operate the instrument with any covers or parts removed.
 Disconnect the instrument from all voltage sources before opening it for any
adjustment, replacement, maintenance, or repair.
If, afterwards, the opened instrument must be operated for further adjustment,
maintenance, or repair, this must only be done by a skilled person who is
aware of the hazard involved.

0993-5255 1-5
 Safety/Regulatory Information

 Use only fuses with the required current rating and of the specified type for
replacement.
Do not use makeshift fuses or short-circuit the fuse holders.
 Whenever it is likely that the instrument is no longer electrically safe for use,
make the instrument inoperative and secure it against any unauthorized or
unintentional operation.
The instrument is likely to be electrically unsafe when it:
– Shows visible damage.
– Fails to perform the intended measurement.
– Has been subjected to prolonged storage under unfavorable conditions.
– Has been subjected to severe transport stresses.

Note: The spectrometer is provided with an operational on/off switch and with
a circuit breaker.
The operational on/off switch turns the instrument on and off, but it does not
disconnect the instrument from the line power supply.
The circuit breaker functions as a ‘disconnecting device’ and disconnects the
instrument entirely from the line power supply.
Further information on these two switches is provided in ‘Switches and
connectors on the spectrometer’ starting at page 7-6.

1-6 0993-5255
 Safety/Regulatory Information

Operating conditions

W1.3
Warning: Explosive Atmosphere
This instrument is not designed for operation in an explosive atmosphere.

The instrument will operate correctly under the following conditions:

 Indoors.
 Ambient temperature +15 C to +35 C (+59 F to +95 F), with a maximum
change not exceeding 2.8 C (5 F) per hour.
 Ambient relative humidity 20% to 80%, without condensation.
 Altitude in the range 0 m to 2000 m (sea level to 6500 feet).
 The location must be free of dust, smoke, and corrosive fumes.
 You can store the instrument safely under the following conditions:
 Ambient temperature –20 C to +60 C (–4 F to +140 F).
 Ambient relative humidity 20% to 80%, without condensation.
 Altitude in the range 0 m to 12000 m (sea level to 40 000 feet).
Note: When you remove the instrument from storage and before you put it into
operation, allow it to stand for at least a day under the approved operating
conditions.

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 Safety/Regulatory Information

Laboratory hygiene
 Keep the work area scrupulously clean to avoid contaminating your samples
and to maintain a safe working environment. Clean up spilled chemicals
immediately and dispose of them properly.
 Do not allow smoking in the work area. Smoking is a source of significant
contamination and also a potential route for ingesting harmful chemicals.
 Do not store, handle, or consume food in the work area.

Laboratory ventilation
Toxic combustion products, metal vapor, ozone, etc., can be generated by the
system, depending on the type of analyses being performed.
 You must provide an efficient laboratory ventilation system to remove toxic
products generated during instrument operation.

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 Safety/Regulatory Information

Safe handling of chemicals

Some chemicals used with the instrument may be hazardous or may become
hazardous after completion of an analysis.
The responsible body1 must take the necessary precautions to ensure that the
surrounding workplace is safe and that instrument operators are not exposed to
hazardous levels of toxic substances (chemical or biological) as defined in the
applicable national, state, and local health and safety regulations and laws.
Venting for fumes and disposal of wastes must be in accordance with all national,
state, and local health and safety regulations and laws.
 Use, store, and dispose of chemicals in accordance with the manufacturer’s
recommendations and the applicable national, state, and/or local regulations.
 Wear appropriate eye protection at all times while handling chemicals.
Depending on the types of chemicals you are handling, wear safety glasses
with side shields, or goggles, or a full-face shield.
 Wear suitable protective clothing, including gloves if necessary, resistant to
the chemicals you are handling.
 When preparing chemical solutions, always work in a fume hood that is
suitable for the chemicals you are using.
 Perform sample preparation away from the instrument to minimize corrosion
and contamination.
 Clean up spills immediately using the appropriate equipment and supplies,
such as spill cleanup kits.
 Do not put open containers of solvent near the instrument.
 Store solvents in an approved cabinet (with the appropriate ventilation) away
from the instrument.

1. Definitions from IEC 1010-1:

Responsible body: ‘individual or group responsible for the use and maintenance of
equipment, and for ensuring that operators are adequately trained.’
Operator: ‘person operating equipment for its intended purpose.’

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 Safety/Regulatory Information

Waste disposal

Contents of waste containers

The materials that you collect in waste containers may include small amounts of
the substances that were analyzed and other chemicals used in the analyses.
If these materials are toxic, corrosive, or contain organics you may have to treat
the collected effluent as hazardous waste. Refer to your local safety regulations
for proper disposal procedures.

Disposing of defective lamps

Hollow cathode lamps and electrodeless discharge lamps contain small quantities
of the lamp element in a very pure form. If a lamp containing toxic elements
becomes defective or otherwise unusable, you must treat it as hazardous waste
and dispose of it accordingly. A licensed company in the chemical waste disposal
business can provide lamp disposal in accordance with environmental regulatory
requirements. Please note that PerkinElmer does not take back defective lamps for
disposal.
In addition, hollow cathode lamps and deuterium lamps are maintained under
reduced pressure. Handle and dispose of them correctly to minimize the
implosion risk.
For information, the quantities of analyte material contained in the cathodes of
hollow cathode lamps are listed in the table below:

Quantity of material Single-element hollow Multi-element hollow

in the cathode cathode lamps cathode lamps

As, Au, B, Ba, Be, Ca, Dy, Er,

Eu, Ga, Gd, Ge, Hf, Ho, In, Ir,
less than 5 g K, La, Li, Mg, Na, Nd, Pd, Pr, Na-K, Pt-Ru
Pt. Re, Rh, Ru, Sc, Se, Sm, Sn,
Ta, Tb, Tm, Yb, Y
Ag, Al, Bi, Cd, Co, Cr, Mn, Mo, Ca-Mg, Ca-Zn, Ag-Au,
5–10 g
Ni, Sb, Si, Sr, Te, V, W, Zn, Zr Sn-Te, Ca-Mg-Zn, Ca-Mg-Al
10–15 g Cu, Fe, Hg, Nb, P, Pb, Ti, Tl all other multi-element HCLs
For EDLs, the quantity of analyte material used is much less than the quantities
used in HCLs. Typically, only several milligrams of material are placed in the
EDL bulb. No PerkinElmer EDLs (System 1 or 2) contain more than 0.05 g of
analyte material.

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 Safety/Regulatory Information

UV radiation
You should be aware of the health hazard presented by UV radiation.
 When the instrument is on, do not remove any covers unless specifically
instructed to do so in the guide since otherwise you may be exposed to
potentially hazardous UV radiation.
 Always wear UV-absorbing eye protection when viewing any of these
sources:
– The flame, especially the nitrous oxide/acetylene flame.
– The graphite furnace when it is heated to incandescence.
– Hollow cathode or electrodeless discharge lamps.
– The deuterium background correction lamp.

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 Safety/Regulatory Information

High temperatures
Burner system
The flame can generate temperatures of up to 2800 °C.
 Do not touch the burner head until it has cooled to room temperature.

Graphite furnace
The HGA graphite furnace can generate temperatures of up to 3000 C.
 Do not touch any part of the graphite furnace until it has cooled to room
temperature.
 Do not attempt to inject a sample into the graphite tube when the furnace is
hot. You may be subjected to fumes from the sudden vaporization of the
sample, and may damage the pipet.

Quartz tube atomizer cell

The quartz tube atomizer cell (QTA-cell) used for the hydride-generation
technique (option) can reach temperatures of up to 1000 C.
 Do not touch any part of the heating mantle (electrically heated systems), or
the cell holder (flame-heated systems), or the QTA-cell until they have cooled
to room temperature.

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 Safety/Regulatory Information

Handling compressed gases

Note: The permanent installation of gas supplies is the responsibility of the user
and should conform to local safety and building regulations.

Summary of gas hazards

Hazards associated with the different gases used in atomic absorption
spectrometry are presented in the table below:

Spontaneous
Decomposition
Gas Suffocation Explosion or Combustion
Air – – –
Argon x – –
Nitrogen x – –
Acetylene
x x x
(ethyne, C2H2)
Nitrous Oxide
x – x
(dinitrogen monoxide, N2O)
Contact the gas supplier for a safety data sheet containing detailed information on
the potential hazards associated with the gas.

Warning: Compressed Gases

High pressure gas cylinders can be dangerous if mishandled or misused.
 Always handle gas cylinders with caution and observe your local regulations
for the safe handling of gas cylinders.

Identifying cylinders
 Legibly mark cylinders to clearly identify the contents and status (full, empty,
etc.). Use the chemical name or commercially accepted name for the gas.

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 Safety/Regulatory Information

Storing cylinders
 Store cylinders in accordance with the applicable national, state, and/or local
regulations and standards.
 When gas cylinders are stored in confined areas, such as a storage room, make
sure that ventilation is adequate to prevent toxic or explosive accumulations
of gas.
The storage room should be well ventilated and dry. This is particularly
important in confined areas.
 Do not store cylinders near elevators, gangways, or in locations where heavy
moving objects may strike or fall against them.
 Use and store cylinders away from exits and exit routes.
 Locate gas cylinders away from heat sources, including heat lamps.
Compressed gas cylinders should not be subjected to temperatures above
52 °C (125 °F).
 Do not allow ignition sources in the storage area and keep cylinders away
from readily ignitable substances such as gasoline or waste, or combustibles
in bulk, including oil.
 Store all gas cylinders only in a vertical position, with the valve cap in place,
and fastened securely to an immovable bulkhead or a permanent wall.
 If you are storing cylinders outdoors, store them above ground on a suitable
floor where they are protected against temperature extremes (including the
direct rays of the sun).

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 Safety/Regulatory Information

Handling cylinders
 Move cylinders with a suitable hand truck after making sure that the valve cap
is securely in place and that the cylinder is properly fastened to the hand truck.
 Use only approved regulators, tubing, and hose connectors.
 Arrange gas hoses where they will not be damaged or stepped on and where
things will not be dropped on them.
 Do not attempt to refill gas cylinders.
 Check the condition of pipes, hoses, and connectors regularly, and replace any
damaged parts.
 Perform periodic gas leak tests at all joints and seals of the gas system by
applying an approved gas leak detection solution.

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 Safety/Regulatory Information

Safety practices for flame atomization

Safety interlocks
PerkinElmer provides a number of safety interlocks on the burner system to
monitor gas pressure and check for the proper setup of the burner head, nebulizer,
and drain system. In addition a flame sensor checks that the flame is burning.
 Do not attempt to defeat these interlocks; you may compromise your own, or
someone else’s, safety.

Safe use of burner gases

The seepage of fuel gas or fuel gas mixture from the burner system, the drain
system, the gas control system, or the gas connections constitutes a serious fire
hazard.
 Make sure that there are no breaks or leaks in any of these systems and that
all the seals are correctly installed and in good condition.
 Regularly check for leaks at joints and seals using an approved leak test
solution.
 When you perform any maintenance or installation procedures, follow the
instructions in the guide exactly.
 Do not attempt to service the gas control system yourself.
A PerkinElmer service engineer, or similarly authorized and trained person,
must perform the work.
 When you shut down the instrument, for example at the end of the working
day, shut all the gas lines at the cylinder or regulator valves. Bleed the lines
between the regulator and instrument to atmosphere before switching off the
ventilation system.

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 Safety/Regulatory Information

Air supply
An air compressor is recommended for the air supply to the burner system.
Cylinders of compressed air should only be used as an emergency or short-term
solution.
 If you use cylinder air, make sure that it is compressed air and not oxygen-
enriched air (e.g. breathing air); the use of oxygen-enriched air can cause a
flashback of the flame.
 Never use oxygen as the oxidant since this can cause an explosion.

Nitrous oxide
(dinitrogen monoxide, N2O)
 Tubing and fittings carrying nitrous oxide must be free of all oil, grease, and
organic materials.
Spontaneous combustion may occur if nitrous oxide comes into contact with
these materials.
 Use a double-stage or heated regulator for nitrous oxide to prevent freezing of
the diaphragm and a loss of pressure regulation.
 Do not store nitrous oxide in close proximity to flammable gases, such as
acetylene or hydrogen.

0993-5255 1-17
 Safety/Regulatory Information

Acetylene
 Always use ‘Atomic Absorption Grade’ acetylene (ethyne) dissolved in
acetone (propan-2-one). This is satisfactory for all PerkinElmer AA
spectrometers.
 Do not store acetylene in close proximity to oxidizing gases, such as nitrous
oxide.
 Use approved tubing and fittings for acetylene. Never use copper fittings
since acetylene forms an explosive compound with copper.
 Prevent acetylene from coming into contact with copper, silver, mercury or
gaseous chlorine.
 Periodically check for the presence of acetylene in the laboratory atmosphere,
especially near the ceiling.
 For acetylene, set an outlet gauge pressure of between 90 kPa and 100 kPa
(0.9–1.0 bar, 13–14.5 psig). Never allow the outlet gauge pressure to exceed
103 kPa (1.03 bar, 15 psig); acetylene can explode spontaneously above this
pressure.
 Solvent Carryover.
If the acetylene cylinder pressure falls to below 600 kPa / 6.0 bar /
87 psig (at 20 °C), some of the solvent used to stabilize the acetylene (such as
acetone) may be carried over into the burner. This could influence the
characteristics of the burner with a resulting influence on the analytical
results.
Change to a new acetylene cylinder when the cylinder pressure falls to below
this value.

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 Safety/Regulatory Information

Safe operation of the flame

 Before you ignite the flame make sure that:
– The laboratory fume ventilation system is operating;
– The burner head is installed correctly;
– The burner end cap is secured firmly;
– The fuel and oxidant tubing fittings are properly connected;
– The burner unit contains the necessary solvent-resistant components if
you intend to analyze samples containing organic solvents;
– The atomizer compartment door is closed;
– The pH of the liquid in the drain vessel is greater than pH 10 if you intend
to aspirate cyanide solutions.
 Do not leave the flame unattended. Always make sure that there is a fire
extinguisher near the instrument.
 Never change the gas pressure or shut a gas valve while the flame is burning.
 Do not allow the burner head slot to become blocked. This can cause a
flashback of the flame.
 Do not place open containers of flammable liquids and solvents near to the
flame. Be especially careful with samples that contain highly volatile
solvents.
 When you have analyzed samples containing organic solvents, flush all traces
of solvent from the burner system.

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 Safety/Regulatory Information

The drain system

 Always place the drain vessel in a well ventilated place underneath the
spectrometer, in full view while you are working with the spectrometer. This
prevents the build-up of potentially hazardous gases, and allows you to see the
liquid level.
 Never use a glass drain vessel.
 Do not kink, fold, or loop the drain tube.
 Never place the drain tube directly into a laboratory sink.
 Empty the drain vessel frequently; especially do not allow the drain vessel to
fill with organic solvent.
 Thoroughly flush the drain system, as described in the guide, when you shut
down the system.
 Check the condition of the drain tube regularly, especially if you use organic
solvents. Replace the drain tube when it first shows signs of cracking or
discoloration.

Flashbacks
A flashback is an explosion of the premixed gases in the spray chamber. The
safety interlocks normally prevent conditions that could cause a flashback, but if
a flashback should ever occur:
 Check that the burner head slot is clean.
 Make sure that you are using compressed air and not oxygen-enriched air.
 Check the flow spoiler or impact bead for damage, and replace any damaged
parts.
 Carefully check and tighten all connections to, and seals on, the burner unit,
and check the gas flow settings before you attempt to ignite the flame.
Seepage of fuel and oxidant from the spray chamber may cause a flashback.
 Check that the burner head is seated correctly.

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 Safety/Regulatory Information

Hazards with Flame Atomization

Toxic combustion products:
Toxic combustion products can be generated by the system, depending on the
type of analyses being performed.
 You must provide an efficient laboratory ventilation system to remove toxic
products generated during instrument operation.

High temperatures:
The flame can generate temperatures of up to 2800 °C.
 To avoid serious burns, never touch the burner head until it has cooled to
room temperature.

UV radiation:
The flame, especially the nitrous oxide/acetylene flame, emits ultraviolet
radiation.
 Keep the atomizer compartment door closed when the flame is burning and
never directly view the flame unless you are wearing UV-absorbing glasses.

Acetylides:
If you have aspirated high concentrations of copper, silver, or mercury solutions
into an acetylene flame, unstable acetylides may have formed in the spray
chamber. If permitted to dry, these compounds may explode.
 Aspirate solution continuously to prevent residues from drying.
 Thoroughly flush the spray chamber and drain system with water
immediately after such an analysis.

Cyanide solutions:
If you intend to aspirate cyanide solutions, make sure that the pH of the liquid in
the drain vessel is greater than pH 10; toxic hydrogen cyanide gas is formed when
cyanides contact acidic solutions.
 Never allow solutions containing cyanides to mix with acidic solutions.

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 Safety/Regulatory Information

Safety practices for electrothermal atomization

Safety interlocks
PerkinElmer provides a number of safety interlocks on the graphite furnace
(electrothermal atomization) system that monitor the gas pressure and the
temperature of certain system components.
 Do not attempt to defeat these interlocks; you may compromise your own, or
someone else’s, safety.

Inert gas
The graphite furnace requires a supply of inert gas. PerkinElmer recommends
argon.
Although nitrogen can be used, it is not recommended for the inert gas supply. At
furnace temperatures above 2300 °C, nitrogen reacts with graphite to form toxic
cyanogen gas (CN)2.

Safety checks
 Before you start an analysis, make sure that:
– The laboratory fume ventilation system is operating;
– The inert gas supply is connected and set to the correct pressure;
– The cooling water supply is turned on;
– The autosampler waste bottle is empty.

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 Safety/Regulatory Information

Hazards with electrothermal atomization

Toxic products:
Toxic metal vapors, ozone, etc., can be generated by the system, depending on the
type of analyses being performed.
 You must provide an efficient laboratory ventilation system to remove toxic
products generated during instrument operation.
 If you use nitrogen as the inert gas, toxic cyanogen gas (CN)2 will be produced
when the furnace temperature is above 2300 °C.

High temperatures:
The HGA graphite furnace can generate temperatures of up to 3000 °C
 To avoid serious burns, never touch the graphite components until the furnace
has cooled to room temperature.
 Do not attempt to inject a sample into the graphite tube when the furnace is
hot. You may be subjected to fumes from the sudden vaporization of the
sample, and may damage the pipet.

UV radiation:
The graphite furnace emits ultraviolet radiation when it is heated to
incandescence.
 Never directly view the graphite furnace unless you are wearing UV-
absorbing glasses.

0993-5255 1-23
 Safety/Regulatory Information

Safety practices for FIAS and mercury hydride systems

These systems are offered as options for the spectrometer.

Safety checks
 Before you start an analysis, make sure that:
– The laboratory fume ventilation system is operating;
– The tubing in the fluid system is not constricted since this could lead to a
pressure build-up in the system;
– The drain tubing is inserted in the waste container and that this container
is empty.
 If you are using a flame to heat the QTA-cell or if you intend to perform
flame-FIAS analyses, refer to the information under Safety Practices for
Flame Atomization before you ignite the flame.

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 Safety/Regulatory Information

Hazards with FIAS and mercury hydride systems

Toxic products:
Toxic metal vapors, etc., can be generated by the system, depending on the type
of analyses being performed.
 You must provide an efficient laboratory ventilation system to remove toxic
products generated during instrument operation.

High temperatures:
The QTA-cell used for the hydride-generation technique can reach temperatures
of up to 1000 C.
 Do not touch any part of the heating mantle (electrically heated systems), or
the cell holder (flame-heated systems), or the QTA-cell until they have cooled
to room temperature.

Hazardous chemicals:
Some of the chemicals required for analyses are corrosive and/or toxic.
 Refer to the information under Safe Handling of Chemicals and to the specific
warnings in the documentation provided with the system before you start an
analysis.

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 Safety/Regulatory Information

References for laboratory safety practice

 Bretherik, L., Bretherik’s Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards, 4th ed.,

Butterworth & Co. Ltd., London, UK, 1990.
 Safe Practices in Chemical Laboratories,
Royal Society of Chemistry, London, UK, 1989.
 Hazards in the Chemical Laboratory, 5th edition, Luxon, S.G., ed.,
Royal Society of Chemistry, London, UK, 1992.
 CRC Handbook of Laboratory Safety, 3rd edition, Furr, K., ed.,
The Chemical Rubber Co. Press, Florida, USA, 1990.
 Prudent Practices for Handling Hazardous Chemicals in Laboratories,
National Research Council, National Academic Press, Washington D.C.,
USA, 1981.
 Sax’s Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials,
9th edition, Sax, N.I. and Lewis, R.J., eds.,Wiley, New York, USA, 1998.
 Pohanish, R.P. and Greene, S.A., Hazardous Materials Handbook,
Wiley, New York, USA, 1996.
 Compressed Gas Association, Inc., Arlington, VA 22202, USA, various
publications.
 Data Sheets provided by chemical manufacturers, e.g.:
– USA, Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS),
– FRG, DIN-Sicherheitsblätter,
– UK, Hazard Data Sheets.

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Regulatory information

IEC 1010 compliance

This instrument has been designed and tested in accordance with EN 61010-
1:1993 (IEC 1010-1): Safety requirements for electrical equipment for
measurement, control, and laboratory use, including Amendments 1 and 2 to this
standard, and EN 61010-2-061:1996 (IEC 1010-2-061:1995): Particular
requirements for laboratory atomic spectrometers with thermal atomization and
ionization.

Electrical protection
Insulation
Class I as defined in IEC 1010-1.

Installation category
This instrument is able to withstand transient overvoltage according to
Installation Category II as defined in IEC 1010-1 and IEC 664.

Pollution degree
This equipment will operate safely in environments that contain nonconductive
foreign matter and condensation up to Pollution Degree 2 as defined in
IEC 1010-1 and IEC 664.

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 Safety/Regulatory Information

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)

European Union (EMC Directives)
This instrument has been designed and tested to meet the requirements of the
EU Directives 89/336/EEC and 92/31/EEC. It complies with the generic EMC
standard EN 61326-1:1997 Electrical equipment for measurement, control, and
laboratory use – EMC requirements – General requirements.
This instrument has passed the following EMC tests:

Emission of conducted Electromagnetic compatibility

and radiated noise
EN 55011:96 EN61000-4-2:95
EN 61000-3-2:95 EN61000-4-3:95
EN 61000-3-3:95 EN61000-4-4:95
EN61000-4-5:95
EN61000-4-6:96

United States (FCC)

This instrument is classified as a digital device used exclusively as industrial,
commercial, or medical equipment. It is exempt from the technical standards
specified in Part 15 of FCC Rules and Regulations, based on Section 15.103 (c).

Japan (FCC)
This instrument has been tested and found to comply with the limits of a Class A
digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to
provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is
operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can
radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with
the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications.
Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful
interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at
his own expense. Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the
manufacturer could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.

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Symbols used on the instrument

Any of the following symbols can be used on the instrument:

This symbol indicates that there is a potential hazard and that the user must look
in the guide for an explanation of the hazard and how to avoid it.

This symbol indicates the risk of electric shock.

This symbol indicates the risk of hot surfaces.

This symbol indicates the off position of the main power switch or circuit
breaker. With the switch in this position, the instrument is disconnected entirely
from the line power supply.

This symbol indicates the on position of the main power switch or circuit breaker.
With the switch in this position, the instrument is connected to the line power
supply but is not necessarily switched on and operational.

This symbol indicates the operational on/off switch.

This symbol indicates alternating current.

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 Safety/Regulatory Information

Warning Markings on the instrument

Warning markings at the front of the spectrometer

A

C A
A
Risk of hot surfaces
Risque de surfaces chaudes
B
Gefahr durch heisse
Oberflächen

Burner system

B
Warning: Moving Parts – Risk of Injury
Some moving parts of the instrument are accessible in normal operation.
Keep hands, clothing and other objects away from the moving parts of the instrument.
Danger: Parties en mouvement – Risque d'accident corporel
Certaines parties en mouvement de l'instrument sont accessibles en fonctionnement normal.
Tenir les mains, vêtements et autres objets éloignés des parties en mouvement de l'instrument.
Warnung: Bewegliche Teile – Verletzungsgefahr
Bei normalem Betrieb sind bewegliche Teile des Geräts zugänglich.
Hände, Kleidung und andere Gegenstände von den beweglichen Teilen des Geräts fernhalten.
C
Nebulizer clamp must be lowered and locked over the nebulizer flange.
La pince du nébuliseur doit être abaissée et verrouillée audessus de la bride du nébuliseur.
Die Zerstäuber-Befestigungsplatte muss nach unten geschoben und über dem Flansch des
Zerstäubers befestigt sein.

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 Safety/Regulatory Information

A
Risk of hot surfaces
Risque de surfaces chaudes
Gefahr durch heisse B
Oberflächen

HGA furnace

B
Warning: Moving Parts – Risk of Injury
Some moving parts of the instrument are accessible in normal operation.
Keep hands, clothing and other objects away from the moving parts of the instrument.
Danger: Parties en mouvement – Risque d'accident corporel
Certaines parties en mouvement de l'instrument sont accessibles en fonctionnement normal.
Tenir les mains, vêtements et autres objets éloignés des parties en mouvement de l'instrument.
Warnung: Bewegliche Teile – Verletzungsgefahr
Bei normalem Betrieb sind bewegliche Teile des Geräts zugänglich.
Hände, Kleidung und andere Gegenstände von den beweglichen Teilen des Geräts fernhalten.

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 Safety/Regulatory Information

Warning markings on the rear panel

In stru me nt Communic ation Furnace Gases

G a z du Fo ur
O f e n ga s e

Pmin
P max
23 0 V 23 0 V 23 0 V
50 /60 Hz 50 /60 Hz 50 /60 Hz
350 400 kP a
3.5 4.0 bar
Ar / N
2 50. 0 58. 0 psig
Normal Gas Spec ial Gas
F1 F2 F3 F4
Gaz Normal Gaz Spéc ial
4 A ( T) 4 A ( T) 4 A ( T) 4 A ( T)
Normalgas Spez ialgas

23 0 V
50 /60 Hz

Coo ling System

Systè me de Ref roid issemen t
Umlauf küh u
l ng

B urn e r G a s e s
G a z du B rul e ur
B re n ne rga s e

I P min
P max
P min
P max
P min
Pmax

450 500 kP a 450 500 kP a 90 100 kP a

4.5 5.0 bar 4.5 5.0 bar 0.9 1.0 bar
0 65. 0 72. 5 psig 65. 0 72. 5 psig 13. 0 14. 5 psig

Ai r / Luf t N2O C2H2

In Out
Entrée Sort ie
Eingang Ausgang

W a rn i n g SA L R 4 5 111 ***
H2O Pmin
Pmax
A l fe
i d
l w ri i ng mus t hav e n
i s ula ti on

250 350 kP a sui t abl e fo r at e

l ast 3 00 V

Fu rna c e C oo li ng 2.5 3.5 bar A v e rt i s se m e n t

Refroidissement du Four 36 50 psig Le ca bl age à pi ed d 'ou vr e doi t êt r e
cer t fi i és pou r un mi ni mum de 30 0 V

Ofenkühlung

230 V 230 V 230 V

50/60 Hz 50/60 Hz 50/60 Hz

E F1
4 A (T)
F2
4 A (T)
F3
4 A (T)
F4
4 A (T)

230 V
50/60 Hz

Cooling System
Système de Refroidissement
Umlaufkühlung

D
Power outlets
Power outlets for a printer, computer, or monitor.
Only connect a printer, a computer, or a monitor to the respective outlet when the
instrument requires 230 V, 50/60 Hz.
E
Cooling system outlet
Connect the cooling system to this power outlet only.
Do not connect the cooling system to any other supply.
Do not connect other equipment to this power outlet.

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Burner Gases
Gaz du Bruleur
Brennergase

Pmin Pmax Pmin Pmax Pmin Pmax

450 500 kPa 450 500 kPa 90 100 kPa
I nstrument Communica tion Furnace Gases
Gaz du Four
4.5 5.0 bar 4.5 5.0 bar 0.9 1.0 bar
65.0 72.5 psig 65.0 72.5 psig 13.0 14.5 psig
Ofengase
P min P ma x
230 V 230 V 230 V
350 400 k Pa
50/60 Hz 50/60 Hz 50/60 Hz
3.5 4.0 bar
A r / N2 50.0 58. 0 psig
Norm al Gas S pec ial Gas
F1 F2 F3 F4
G az Norm al G az Spéci al
4 A ( T) 4 A (T) 4 A (T) 4 A (T)
Norm algas S pez ialgas

230 V
50/60 Hz

Cooling Sy stem
Sy stème de Refroidiss em ent
Umlaufkühlung
Burner Gases
Gaz du Bruleur
Brennergase

I P m in P m ax P m in P m ax P m in P m ax

N2O C2H2
4 50 5 00 kP a 450 500 k P a 90 100 k P a

Air / Luft
4 .5 5 .0 bar 4.5 5.0 bar 0.9 1.0 bar
0 6 5.0 7 2.5 ps ig 65.0 72.5 psig 13.0 14.5 psig

Air / Luft N2 O C2 H2

In Out
E ntré e S or tie
E ingang A usgang

F
LR 45111 ***
H2O P min P m ax W arni ng SA

All field wiring mus t hav e i ns ulation

250 350 k Pa s uit able fo r at leas t 300 V
Furnace Cooling 2.5 3.5 bar A verti ssement
Refroidissement du Four 36 50 psig
Le c abla ge à pied d' ouv re doit être
c ertifiés pour un m inim um de 300 V

Ofenkühlung

F
Burner Gases
Never set the outlet pressure to a value exceeding the maximum pressure (Pmax ).

Warning: Acetylene – Explosion Hazard

Acetylene can decompose explosively at pressures higher than 103 kPa / 1.03 bar / 15 psig.
Always make sure that the acetylene outlet gauge pressure is below this value.
Danger: Acétylène – Risque d'explosion
L'acétylène peut se décomposer de manière explosive à des pressions supérieures à
103 kPa / 1.03 bar / 15 psig.
Toujours vérifier que la pression de l'acétylène sur le manomètre de sortie est inférieure à cette valeur.
Warnung: Acetylen – Explosionsgefahr
Stellen Sie für Acetylen keinen höheren Ausgangsdruck als 103 kPa (1,03 bar) ein.
Bei höheren Drücken kann Acetylen spontan zerfallen und explodieren

Warning: Flashback Hazard

PerkinElmer burner systems are designed for use with compressed air. The use of oxygen can cause an
explosion in the burner system, and oxygen-enriched air can cause a flashback of the flame.
Never use oxygen or oxygen-enriched air with PerkinElmer burner systems. Use only compressed air.
Danger: Risque de retour de flamme
Les systèmes de brûleurs PerkinElmer sont conçus pour être utilisés avec de l'air comprimé.
L'utilisation d'oxygène peut provoquer une explosion dans le système de brûleur, et l'air suroxygéné peut
provoquer un retour de flamme.
Ne jamais utiliser d'oxygène ou d'air suroxygéné avec les systèmes de brûleurs PerkinElmer. N'utiliser
que l'air comprimé.
Warnung: Sauerstoff und mit Sauerstoff angereicherte Luft
Verwenden Sie für PerkinElmer Brenner nur Druckluft. Sauerstoff oder sogenannte ‘Atemluft’ sind nicht
zulässig. Bei Verwendung von Sauerstoff besteht Explosionsgefahr. Mit Sauerstoff angereicherte Luft
kann einen Flammenrückschlag verursachen.

0993-5255 1-33
 Safety/Regulatory Information

In stru me nt Communic ation Furnace Gases

G a z du Fo ur
O f e n ga s e

Pmin P max
23 0 V 23 0 V 23 0 V
350 400 kP a
50 /60 Hz 50 /60 Hz 50 /60 Hz
3.5 4.0 bar
Ar / N
2
50. 0 58. 0 psig
Normal Gas Spec ial Gas
F1 F2 F3 F4
4 A ( T) 4 A ( T) 4 A ( T) 4 A ( T) Gaz Normal Gaz Spéc ial
Normalgas Spez ialgas

23 0 V
50 /60 Hz

Coo ling System

Systè me de Ref roid issemen t
Umlauf küh u
l ng

B urn e r G a s e s
G a z du B rul e ur
B re n ne rga s e

I P min
P max
P min
P max
Pmin
Pmax

450 500 kP a 450 500 kP a 90 100 kP a

4.5 5.0 bar 4.5 5.0 bar 0.9 1.0 bar
0 65. 0 72. 5 psig 65. 0 72. 5 psig 13. 0 14. 5 psig

Ai r / Luf t N2O C2H2

In Out
Entrée Sort ie
Eingang Ausgang

SA
W a rn i n g L R 4 5 111 ***
H2O Pmin
Pmax
A l fei d
l w ri i ng mus t hav e ni s ula ti on
250 350 kP a sui t abl e fo r at e
l ast 3 00 V
Fu rna c e C oo li ng
2.5 3.5 bar A v e rt i s se m e n t
Refroidissement du Four 36 50 psig Le ca bl age à pi ed d 'ou vr e doi t êt r e
cer t fi i és pou r un mi ni mum de 30 0 V

Ofenkühlung

Warning
Disconnect supply before servicing
Avertissement
Couper l’alimentation avant l’entretien

Warning
All field wiring must have insulation
suitable for at least 300 V
Avertissement
Le cablage à pied d’ouvre doit être
certifiés pour un minimum de 300 V

1-34 0993-5255
 Safety/Regulatory Information

Warning markings on the deuterium lamp cover

The warning markings below are visible when you open the top cover of the
spectrometer.

D2
UV

High Temperatures – Risk of Burns

The lamp is hot.
Températures élevées
La lampe est chaude.
Verbrennungsgefahr
Die Lampe ist heiß.

UV Radiation – Risk of Eye Damage

The lamp emits intense UV radiation which can damage your eyes.
Do not gaze into a lighted lamp.
Rayonnement UV
La lampe émet un rayonnement UV intense susceptible de provoquer des lésions oculaires.
Ne pas regarder fixement une lampe allumée.
UV-Strahlung – Gefährdung der Augen
Die Lampe emittiert starke UV-Strahlung und kann dadurch Augenschäden verursachen.
Nicht mit ungeschützten Augen direkt in die leuchtende Lampe schauen.

Electrical Hazard
The deuterium lamp operates at high voltage.
To avoid electrical shock, disconnect the line power cord before opening the cover.
Risque d’électrocution
Pout éviter les chocs électriques, débrancher le cordon d’alimentation avant d’ouvrir
le couvercle.
Gefährdung durch elektrischen Strom
Die Deuteriumlampe benötigt zum Betrieb gefährlich hohe Spannung.
Um elektrischen Stromschlag zu vermeiden, ziehen Sie die Netzanschlußleitung
bevor Sie die Abdeckung öffnen.

0993-5255 1-35
 Safety/Regulatory Information

1-36 0993-5255
Spectrometer Installation 2
2Spectrometer Installation
Marker for header

Contents page

Before you install the spectrometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3

Moving and reinstalling the spectrometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
Preparing the spectrometer to be moved . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
Moving the spectrometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
Reinstalling the spectrometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
Connecting the burner gases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
Connecting the furnace gases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10
To connect the drain system to the burner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15
To install the furnace autosampler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15
Connecting cooling sources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16
Electrical connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-22

0993-5255 2-1
Spectrometer Installation

2-2 0993-5255
 Spectrometer Installation

Before you install the spectrometer

When the spectrometer arrives

 Check the exterior of the shipping crate for obvious signs of damage. If the
crate has been damaged, file a claim with the authorized carrier immediately
and inform your nearest PerkinElmer office.
 Contact your local PerkinElmer office to arrange for the installation.

Before the service engineer arrives

 You must prepare a suitable site for the spectrometer and any accessories.
See Chapter 6, Laboratory Requirements, and the guides for any accessories.
 You must make sure that the fume ventilation system and the necessary gas
supply lines and regulators are installed.
 Although you should not perform the initial installation yourself, we
recommend that you read the installation instructions to learn about the
spectrometer and its requirements before you start using it.
These instructions are also provided in case you need to alter any of the
connections or move the instrument.

When the service engineer arrives

 The service engineer will remove the spectrometer from the crate and check
that all parts have been delivered. If anything is missing or damaged, the
service engineer will make sure that the respective parts are supplied.
 The service engineer will remove the shipping locks, perform pre-installation
checks, install the spectrometer, and make sure that everything functions
correctly.

0993-5255 2-3
Spectrometer Installation

Moving and reinstalling the spectrometer

We recommend that only a PerkinElmer service engineer or a PerkinElmer

trained and authorized person moves and reinstalls the spectrometer.
Should you attempt to do this yourself, PerkinElmer cannot be held responsible
for any damage or malfunctioning of the spectrometer.
The instructions here are primarily intended for occasions where you may want
to move the spectrometer short distances to a new location within the laboratory.
Read the instructions carefully and be sure you understand them thoroughly
before you attempt to move the spectrometer. Read the detailed information given
in the relevant sections of this chapter before you reinstall the spectrometer.
If you intend to transport the spectrometer over a longer distance, contact your
local PerkinElmer office since internal shipping locks must be set via the service
software, inside the spectrometer.

Preparing the spectrometer to be moved

1. Close the AA WinLab application, then shut down the Windows operating
system.
2. Switch off the spectrometer, computer and all the accessories.
3. Disconnect all the electrical cables.
4. Remove the furnace autosampler from the spectrometer (see ‘Removing the
autosampler from the spectrometer’ in the Graphite Furnace User’s Guide).
5. Disconnect the burner gas supplies.
6. Disconnect the drain system from the burner.
7. Disconnect the furnace gas supplies.
8. Disconnect the cooling water supply.
9. Prepare the computer and other system components for transport as described
in their own guides.
10. Attach the original handles securely. Only use the original handles and
screws.
Note: Make sure that the handles are properly secure before you move the
spectrometer.

2-4 0993-5255
 Spectrometer Installation

Moving the spectrometer

W1.4
Warning: Risk of injury through lifting
The instrument weighs approximately 150 kg.
Improper lifting can cause painful and sometimes permanent back injury.
 Use proper lifting techniques and always use the handles to lift or move the
instrument.
Caution: Risk of damage to the instrument
The spectrometer is a precision optical instrument. Move the spectrometer very
carefully and protect it from vibrations and jolts. Do not tilt the spectrometer.
If the spectrometer must be tilted or mechanically lifted, contact your PerkinElmer
service representative before moving the spectrometer. The shipping locks must
be properly secured to prevent any damage occurring if the spectrometer is tilted
or jolted.

Carefully lift the spectrometer onto a movable table to transport it to the new
location.

0993-5255 2-5
Spectrometer Installation

Reinstalling the spectrometer

Reinstall the spectrometer by following exactly the procedures described in this
chapter, as summarized in the steps below:
1. Prepare the new site for the spectrometer; see Chapter 6, Laboratory
Requirements.
Make sure that there will be enough space at the rear and sides of the
spectrometer system for air to circulate freely.
2. Remove the handles. Save the handles and screws.
Insert the plastic plugs provided (B015-3803) into the screw holes.
3. Connect the burner and furnace gas supplies.
4. Connect the drain system to the burner.
5. Install the furnace autosampler.
6. Connect the cooling water supply.
7. Make sure that the main power switches of all the instruments are in the off
position, then connect the electrical cables.

2-6 0993-5255
 Spectrometer Installation

Connecting the burner gases

The connectors for the burner gases are located on the rear panel of the
spectrometer.

What you need to provide:

 Suitable supplies of acetylene, air, and nitrous oxide. The gases must conform
with the requirements listed in Chapter 6, Laboratory Requirements.
 Suitable pressure regulators and on/off valves near to the spectrometer for the
gas supplies.
The gas supply systems must comply with your local safety regulations.
Refer also to the information given in Chapter 1, Safety and Regulatory
Information.

W5.9
Warning: Flashback Hazard
PerkinElmer burner systems are designed for use with compressed air. The use
of oxygen can cause an explosion in the burner system, and oxygen-enriched air
can cause a flashback of the flame.
 Never use oxygen or oxygen-enriched air with PerkinElmer burner systems.
Use only compressed air.

What is provided with the spectrometer:

 Gas hose assemblies for acetylene, air, and nitrous oxide.
The fittings on the gas hose assemblies are suitable for connection to most
commercially available pressure regulators. These are R 3/8'' standard
threaded fittings. The fuel (acetylene) fitting has a left-hand thread, while the
oxidant (air, nitrous oxide) fittings have right-hand threads.
If you require an adapter for your regulator, contact the gas supplier or the
regulator manufacturer, or your local PerkinElmer office.

0993-5255 2-7
Spectrometer Installation

To connect the gases

Refer to Figure 2-1 when you connect the burner gases.

Air
1. Make sure that the air supply is turned off.
2. Use the black hose assembly to connect a source of clean, dry, and filtered air
to the fitting labelled Air/Luft on the rear panel of the spectrometer.

Nitrous oxide
1. Make sure that the nitrous oxide supply is turned off.
2. Use the blue N2O hose assembly to connect a source of clean, dry nitrous
oxide to the fitting labelled N2O on the rear panel of the spectrometer.

Acetylene
1. Make sure that the acetylene supply is turned off.
2. Use the red C2H2 hose assembly to connect a source of clean, dry acetylene to
the fitting labelled C2H2 on the rear panel of the spectrometer.

2-8 0993-5255
 Spectrometer Installation

I nstrument Communica tion Furnace Gases

Gaz du Four
Ofengase
P min Pm ax
230 V 230 V 230 V
50/60 Hz 50/ 60 H z
3 50 4 00 kP a
50/ 60 H z
3 .5 4 .0 b ar
Ar / N 2 5 0. 0 5 8.0 psig
No rm al G as Sp eci al Gas
F1 F2 F3 F4
4 A (T) 4 A (T) 4 A (T) 4 A (T)
G az No rm al Gaz Sp écial
No rm alg as Sp ezi alg as

230 V
50/60 Hz

C ooling System
Syst ème de Refroidissem ent
U mlauf kühlu ng
Burner Gases
Gaz du Bruleur
Brennergase

I P min Pma x P min Pma x P min Pma x

4 50 500 kPa 4 50 5 00 kP a 9 0 1 00 kP a
4 .5 5.0 b ar 4 .5 5 .0 b ar 0 .9 1 .0 b ar
0 6 5.0 72. 5 psig 6 5. 0 7 2.5 psi g 1 3. 0 1 4.5 psi g

Air / Luft N2O C2H2

In Out
Ent ré e S orti e
E ing a ng A usg ang

W arni ng
H2O LR4 5111 ** *
SA
P min Pma x A ll field wir ni g mu st have i ns ulation
2 50 350 kPa s uit ab le fo r a tlea st 30 0 V
Furnace Cooling 2 .5 3.5 b ar Ave rti ssemen t
Refroidissement du Four 36 50 psig L e cabla ge à p ied d 'ouv re do ti êtr e
c er tifiés po ur u n minimu m de 300 V

Ofenkühlung

Air/Luft N2O C2H2

Black (B015-4987)
Air

Blue (B015-4990)
Nitrous oxide: N2O

Red (B015-4984)
Acetylene: C2H2

Figure 2-1. Connecting the Burner Gases

0993-5255 2-9
Spectrometer Installation

Connecting the furnace gases

The connectors for the furnace gases are located on the rear panel of the
spectrometer.
Note: The furnace will operate correctly only if there is gas pressure at both the
Normal Gas and Special Gas inlets. If you are using an inert gas only you must
connect the gas to both inlets using the Y-connector.

What you need to provide:

 A suitable supply of argon (or nitrogen) and if necessary a suitable supply of
a special gas. The gases must conform with the requirements listed in Chapter
6, Laboratory Requirements.
 Suitable pressure regulators and on/off valves near to the spectrometer for the
inert and special gas supplies.
 A tube cutter for the special gas tube. This is an optional accessory; Part No.
0992-3183.
The gas supply systems must comply with your local safety regulations.
Refer also to the information given under Chapter 1, Safety and Regulatory
Information.

What is provided with the spectrometer:

 About 10 m of special gas tube, B050-8264.
 A Y-connector with automatic push-fit connectors, 0992-0179.
 Two screw connectors, R ¼'' for the gas regulator. These are not supplied with
all instrument versions.

2-10 0993-5255
 Spectrometer Installation

To connect argon (or nitrogen) only

Refer to Figure 2-2 on the following page when you connect the furnace gas.
1. Make sure that the argon (or nitrogen) supply is turned off.
2. Use the special tube cutter to cut two, 10 cm lengths of tube from the special
gas tube. The ends of the tubes must be cut squarely.
3. Connect the long gas tube to the argon (or nitrogen) pressure regulator. Use
the R ¼'' screw connector provided or use a connector or adapter suitable for
the gas regulator. Make sure that all the connections are secure.
4. Pass the gas tube to the rear of the spectrometer. Make sure that it cannot be
damaged or strained.
5. Push the two short tubes and the long tube into the connectors on the Y-
connector as shown on the following page.
6. Push the free ends of the two short gas tubes into the Normal Gas and Special
Gas connectors on the manifold as shown.
Push the tubes into the connectors until the tubes butt up to the end of the
connector.
Note: To disconnect the gas tube from a connector:
Carefully push the black locking ring of the connector into the connector and
pull the tube out of the connector.

0993-5255 2-11
Spectrometer Installation

I nstrument Communica tion Furnace Gases

Gaz du Four
Ofengase
P min Pm ax
230 V 230 V 230 V
50/60 Hz 50/ 60 H z
3 50 4 00 kP a
50/ 60 H z
3 .5 4 .0 b ar
Ar / N 2 5 0. 0 5 8.0 psig
No rm al G as Sp eci al Gas
F1 F2 F3 F4
4 A (T) 4 A (T) 4 A (T) 4 A (T)
G az No rm al Gaz Sp écial
No rm alg as Sp ezi alg as

230 V
50/60 Hz

C ooling System
Syst ème de Refroidissem ent
U mlauf kühlu ng
Burner Gases
Gaz du Bruleur
Brennergase

I P min Pma x P min Pma x P min Pma x

4 50 500 kPa 4 50 5 00 kP a 9 0 1 00 kP a
4 .5 5.0 b ar 4 .5 5 .0 b ar 0 .9 1 .0 b ar
0 6 5.0 72. 5 psig 6 5. 0 7 2.5 psi g 1 3. 0 1 4.5 psi g

Air / Luft N2O C2H2

In Out
Ent ré e S orti e
E ing a ng A usg ang

W arni ng
H2O LR4 5111 ** *
SA
P min Pma x A ll field wir ni g mu st have i ns ulation
2 50 350 kPa s uit ab le fo r a tlea st 30 0 V
Furnace Cooling 2 .5 3.5 b ar Ave rti ssemen t
Refroidissement du Four 36 50 psig L e cabla ge à p ied d 'ouv re do ti êtr e
c er tifiés po ur u n minimu m de 300 V

Ofenkühlung

Black locking ring

Black locking ring

Y-connector

Argon
(or nitrogen)

Figure 2-2. Connecting Argon (or Nitrogen) only

2-12 0993-5255
 Spectrometer Installation

To connect both argon and a special gas

Refer to Figure 2-3 on the following page when you connect the furnace gases.
1. Make sure that the gas supplies are turned off.
2. Use the special tube cutter to cut the special gas tube into two pieces for the
two gas supplies. The ends of the tubes must be cut squarely.
3. Connect the gas tubes to the argon (or nitrogen) and special gas pressure
regulators. Use the R ¼'' screw connectors provided or use a connector or
adapter suitable for the gas regulator. Make sure that all the connections are
secure.
4. Pass the gas tubes to the rear of the spectrometer. Make sure that they cannot
be damaged or strained.
5. Push the free ends of the gas supply tubes into the Normal Gas and Special
Gas connectors on the manifold as shown.
Push the tubes into the connectors until the tubes butt up to the end of the
connector.
Note: To disconnect the gas tube from a connector:
Carefully push the black locking ring of the connector into the connector and
pull the tube out of the connector.

0993-5255 2-13
Spectrometer Installation

I nstrument Communica tion Furnace Gases

Gaz du Four
Ofengase
P min Pm ax
230 V 230 V 230 V
50/60 Hz 50/ 60 H z
3 50 4 00 kP a
50/ 60 H z
3 .5 4 .0 b ar
Ar / N 2 5 0. 0 5 8.0 psig
No rm al G as Sp eci al Gas
F1 F2 F3 F4
4 A (T) 4 A (T) 4 A (T) 4 A (T)
G az No rm al Gaz Sp écial
No rm alg as Sp ezi alg as

230 V
50/60 Hz

C ooling System
Syst ème de Refroidissem ent
U mlauf kühlu ng
Burner Gases
Gaz du Bruleur
Brennergase

I P min Pma x P min Pma x P min Pma x

4 50 500 kPa 4 50 5 00 kP a 9 0 1 00 kP a
4 .5 5.0 b ar 4 .5 5 .0 b ar 0 .9 1 .0 b ar
0 6 5.0 72. 5 psig 6 5. 0 7 2.5 psi g 1 3. 0 1 4.5 psi g

Air / Luft N2O C2H2

In Out
Ent ré e S orti e
E ing a ng A usg ang

W arni ng
H2O LR4 5111 ** *
SA
P min Pma x A ll field wir ni g mu st have i ns ulation
2 50 350 kPa s uit ab le fo r a tlea st 30 0 V
Furnace Cooling 2 .5 3.5 b ar Ave rti ssemen t
Refroidissement du Four 36 50 psig L e cabla ge à p ied d 'ouv re do ti êtr e
c er tifiés po ur u n minimu m de 300 V

Ofenkühlung

Black locking ring

Special gas

Argon
(or nitrogen)

Figure 2-3. Connecting Argon (or Nitrogen) and a Special Gas

2-14 0993-5255
 Spectrometer Installation

To connect the drain system to the burner

Procedures for connecting the drain system to the burner are described in
Maintaining the drain system in the Burner System User’s Guide.

To install the furnace autosampler

Procedures for demounting and reinstalling the furnace autosampler are described
in Installing the furnace autosampler in the Graphite Furnace User’s Guide.

0993-5255 2-15
Spectrometer Installation

Connecting cooling sources

Installing the cooling system
PerkinElmer offers a recirculating cooling system as an option for the
spectrometer system. This cooling system includes a pressure-sensitive safety
device that switches off the pump if the internal pressure in the circulatory system
increases to above a safe value (see ‘Cooling the furnace’ in the Graphite
Furnace User’s Guide).

Connecting and disconnecting the water hoses

The inlet and outlet hoses are permanently attached to the cooling system. They
have automatic connectors which are marked with the direction of the water flow.
1. Place the cooling system in a convenient position on the floor underneath
the spectrometer. Do not place the cooling system on the same bench as the
spectrometer since vibrations can adversely influence the spectrometer.
Make sure that:
– You can reach the on/off switch at the rear.
– There is space at the rear and sides of the cooling system for air to
circulate freely.
– There is space to remove the stopper and fill the system.
– You can see the water level indicator.
2. Pass the two hoses from the cooling system to the rear of the spectrometer.
Make sure they are not strained.
3. Push the hose connectors onto the correct fittings on the spectrometer as
shown on the following page.
The connectors are spring loaded. Push them straight onto the fittings until
they click into place.
Note: To disconnect the water hoses:
Carefully pull the knurled locking ring down slightly, to release the lock, and
pull the connector off the fitting on the spectrometer.

2-16 0993-5255
 Spectrometer Installation

Cooling System
Locating the cooling system

Connecting the hoses Instru ment Co mmu nicat io n

23 0 V 23 0 V 230 V
Furnace Gases
Gaz du Fou r
Ofen gase
P min
350
P max
400 kPa
50/60 Hz 50/60 Hz 5 0/60 Hz 3.5 4.0 bar
Ar / N 2 50.0 58.0 psi g
No rma l Gas Sp ecial G as
Gaz No rm al Gaz Sp écial
F1 F2 F3 F4 Sp ezialg as
No rma lg as
4 A (T ) 4 A (T ) 4 A (T) 4 A (T)

230 V
5 0/60 H z

Co oling Syste m
Systè me de R efroid isseme nt
Um lau fkühlung
Burner Gases
Gaz du Bruleur
Brennergase

P min P m ax P min P max P min P max

4 50 5 00 kPa 450 500 kPa 90 1 00 kPa
I 4 .5
6 5. 0
5 .0 b ar 4.5
7 2.5 psig 65.0
5.0 b ar
72.5 psig
0 .9
1 3. 0
1 .0 b ar
1 4. 5 psig

0
Air / Luft N2 O C2H2

In Out
Entrée S ortie
Eing ang Ausgan g

H2O LR 45111 ** *
SA
W arni ng
P min P max
A ll fie d
l wir n
i g must have i nsu a
l tion
250 350 kPa SA LR 45111 *** s uit able for at leas t30 0 V
Furnace Cool ing 2.5 3.5 bar
Warning
D si co nne ct s upp ly before ser vic n
i g A verti ssem ent
Refroidissement du Four 36 50 psi g Ave rt issem ent L e ca blage à p e i d d'ouv re doit êtr e
c er tif iés po ur u n min m
i u m de 300 V
C oup er l'alimentation avant 'l e nt e
r tien
Ofenkühlung

WATER IN WATER OUT

Figure 2-4. Connecting the Cooling System

0993-5255 2-17
Spectrometer Installation

Filling the cooling system

The cooling system is self-priming; air in the system is removed automatically as
the cooling system operates. The coolant is a 1:10 solution of glycerol in water
(1 part glycerol plus 9 parts water).
Note: The cooling system contains 0.5 L glycerol when it leaves the factory.
(See ‘Cooling system maintenance procedures’ in the Graphite Furnace User’s
Guide for the procedure to follow when you empty and refill the cooling system.
Do not use antifreeze.)
.
1. Remove the stopper from the top of the
cooling system – twist and pull.
2. Fill the system to the Max mark with
sediment-free drinking water – about
4.5 L.
Do not use deionized water since this can
cause corrosion. Max

3. Replace the stopper securely.

Min

Water level indicator

2-18 0993-5255
 Spectrometer Installation

Connecting external cooling sources

If you intend to run the spectrometer system without the PerkinElmer cooling
system, you must connect another suitable source of cooling, such as the main
water supply or a laboratory thermostat. If you connect the spectrometer system
to the main water supply, make sure that the water pressure is as given in Table
2-1.

Pressure
relief valve

Drain hose

Flow
indicator

Water In
Water Out

Figure 2-5. Connecting the Main Water Supply

A water hose kit with pressure relief valve is provided with the spectrometer
system which you must install in the water supply line to the spectrometer. This
valve opens if the water pressure to the furnace system exceeds 4 bar. This feature
eliminates the risk of damage to the furnace system through excess water
pressure.
The cooling water must conform with the requirements listed in ‘External
cooling’ on page 6-16.

0993-5255 2-19
Spectrometer Installation

Caution Water Pressure – Leaking hose fittings or burst water hoses

If the water inlet pressure is too high, hose fittings may leak or hoses may even
burst.
 For reliable and safe operation, you must install the pressure relief valve kit
B313-0124 in the water supply line.

The hoses provided in the kit are fitted with automatic connectors that incorporate
stop valves; these valves prevent water from running out when the hoses are dis-
connected. The hoses are marked with the direction of the water flow.
Table 2-1. Pressure for the Cooling Water Supply
Outlet Pressure
Pmin Pmax
250 350 kPa
2.5 3.5 bar
36 50 psig
 Check the water pressure to your laboratory and make sure that the water inlet
pressure is set to a value between the minimum value (Pmin ) and the
maximum value (Pmax ).
 Make sure that the outlet pressure is never set to a value exceeding the
maximum pressure (Pmax ).

1. The PerkinElmer service engineer will connect the pressure relief valve to the
water tap (faucet).
2. Make sure that the drain hose from the pressure relief valve hangs down into
a suitable laboratory sink or drain.
3. Connect the inlet hose (marked WATER IN) to the fitting at the bottom of the
pressure relief valve.
4. Connect the other end of the inlet hose to the Furnace Cooling fitting marked
In on the spectrometer.
The connectors are spring loaded. Push them straight onto the fittings until
they click into place.

2-20 0993-5255
 Spectrometer Installation

5. Connect the outlet hose (marked WATER OUT) to the Furnace Cooling
fitting marked Out on the spectrometer.
Note: To disconnect the water hoses:
Carefully pull the knurled locking ring down slightly, to release the lock, and
pull the connector off the fitting on the spectrometer.
6. We recommend that you fit a proprietary flow indicator in the outlet hose so
that you can easily monitor that cooling water is flowing.
7. Place the free end of the outlet hose in a suitable laboratory sink or drain.
Make sure that the hose cannot slip out.

Pressure relief valve

Instrume nt C ommu n icatio n Furnace Gases

Gaz du Four
Ofengase
P min P max
23 0 V 23 0 V 23 0 V 3 50 4 00 kP a
5 0/ 60 H z 50/ 60 Hz 50/ 60 Hz 3 .5 4 .0 b ar
Ar / N 2 5 0.0 5 8.0 psig
No rmal Gas Sp eci al Gas
Gaz Norm al Gaz Sp éci al
F1 F2 F3 F4 Sp ezi algas
No rmalg as
4 A (T ) 4 A (T ) 4 A (T ) 4 A (T )

23 0 V
50/60 Hz

C ooling Syst em
S ystème de Refroidisse ment
U mlauf küh lu ng
Burner Gases
Gaz du Bruleur
Brennergase

P min P max P min

P m ax P min P max
450 500 kPa 4 50 5 00 kP a 90 100 kPa
I 4.5
65.0
5.0
72.5
bar 4 .5
psi g 6 5.0
5 .0 bar
7 2.5 psi g
0.9
13.0
1.0 b ar
14.5 psig

0
Ai r / Luft N2 O C2 H2

In Out
E nt rée Sorti e
Einga ng Ausg an g

H2O LR 45111***
SA
Warning
P min P ma x
All field wiring mu st h ave i ns ulation
250 3 50 kPa SA LR 45111 *** suit able for atlea st 300 V
Furnace Cooling 2.5 3 .5 b ar
Warnin g
D isc onn ect supply befo re servicing A ve rt issement
Refroidissement du Four 36 50 psig A ve rt issement Le cablag e à pied d'ouvre do ti être
certifiés pour un minimum de 300 V
C ouper 'l a il men ta tion a va nt l'ent ret e
i n
Ofenkühlung

Connect the ‘Water In’

hose to this fitting
Water In Water Out

Figure 2-6. Connecting Cooling Water Hoses

0993-5255 2-21
Spectrometer Installation

Electrical connections

W2.3
Warning: Electrical Hazard
 To prevent potential injury to yourself and damage to the instrument, switch
OFF all instruments in the system and disconnect them from the line power
supply before you perform the procedures described below.

Read the following instructions very carefully before connecting any cables.
See Chapter 6, Laboratory Requirements for the specification of the line power
supply.

Summary
1. Make sure that the spectrometer and the cooling system (where applicable)
are switched off.
2. Switch the circuit breaker on the rear panel of the spectrometer to the off
position (marked ).
3. Switch off the computer and all other instruments that you will connect to the
spectrometer or computer. See the guides for the individual instruments for
the procedure to use.
4. Disconnect the line power cords of the spectrometer and all other instruments
from the line power supply.
5. Connect the instrument control cables and power cords as shown on the
following page.
6. When you have completed all connections, switch on the system (see
‘Switching on the system’, page 3-3).

2-22 0993-5255
 Spectrometer Installation

Connections panel
on the rear of the
spectrometer
Instrument Communication

230 V 230 V 230 V

50/60 Hz 50/60 Hz 50/60 H z

F1 F2 F3 F4
4 A (T) 4 A (T) 4 A (T) 4 A (T)

Use these power

outlets only if the
230 V
50/60 Hz

computer and
Cooling System
Système de Refroidiss ement
Umlaufkühlung

printer require
I 230 V
0

Spectrometer
line power cord

Communication
cable

Monitor

Computer
Printer

Cooling
system

Connect to the outlets at the rear of the

spectrometer or to a suitable line power supply
that uses the same protective ground (earth) as Communication
the line power supply to the spectrometer interface

Figure 2-7. Electrical Connections

0993-5255 2-23
Spectrometer Installation

2-24 0993-5255
Preparing the System for Analyses 3
3Preparing the System for Analyses
Marker for header

Contents page

Switching on the system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3

Installing lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7
Installing sample trays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11
Shutting down the system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12
Emergency shutdown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14

0993-5255 3-1
Preparing the System

3-2 0993-5255
 Preparing the System

Switching on the system

1. Read the safety information at the front of this guide before you operate the
system.
2. Make sure that the spectrometer system and other ancillary instruments are
correctly installed and connected to their power supplies.
Make sure that the coolant hoses are connected correctly to the spectrometer.
Where applicable, make sure that the cooling system is filled to the Max
mark (see ‘Filling the cooling system’, page 2-18).
3. Switch on the fume ventilation system for the work area.
4. Turn on the burner gases and adjust the outlet gauge pressures to the
recommended values (see Table 3-1 on page 3-5).
Always set the same outlet gauge pressure for air and nitrous oxide.
5. Turn on the inert (and special) gas for the furnace and adjust the outlet gauge
pressures to the recommended values (see Table 3-2 on page 3-6).
Note: You must always turn on the air supply since air pressure is required for
the internal pneumatic system. If you intend to work with only one atomizer, you
only need to additionally turn on the gas supplies for that atomizer.
6. Turn on the cooling water to the system:
1. If you are using the circulatory cooling system, switch it on by pressing
the power switch located on the rear panel.
You can leave this switch permanently in the on position since power is supplied
by the spectrometer.
2. If you are using the main water supply, set a flowrate of approximately
2.5 L/min.
Note: If the water is too cold or flowing too fast, moisture may condense
on the graphite contacts or on the furnace windows. Moisture on the
graphite contacts leads to shorter lifetimes of the graphite tube and
contacts, while moisture on the windows leads to a reduction in the
radiant energy.
7. Switch the circuit breaker on the rear panel of the spectrometer to the on
position (marked ).
You can leave this switch permanently in the on position during routine operation;
you switch the spectrometer system on and off via the operational on/off switch
located on the front panel.

0993-5255 3-3
Preparing the System

8. Switch on the computer.

If your computer has a power management system, switch this off.
9. Install a Lumina hollow cathode lamp in any holder in the lamp compartment
(procedure: page 3-7).
A hollow cathode lamp must be installed in at least one holder before you switch on
the spectrometer.
10. Switch on the spectrometer system with the operational on/off switch located
on the front panel.
11. If you need the diluter, autosampler, or flow injection system, switch on the
respective systems.
12. If you have changed the configuration of the system, such as installed a
different autosampler or added or removed any accessories, use the
Reconfigure utility to reconfigure the software (see the Online Help in AA
WinLab).
13. Start AA WinLab: In the AA WinLab group, double click on the AA WinLab
icon.
14. Set up the various parts of the system:
1. Install any further lamps that you require for the analyses
(procedure: page 3-7).
2. Set up the burner system
(see ‘Setting up the system for analyses using the flame technique’ in the
Burner System User’s Guide).
3. Set up the graphite furnace system
(see ‘Setting up the system for analyses using the furnace technique’ in the
Graphite Furnace User’s Guide).
Procedures for shutting down the system are described on page 3-12.
In an emergency, you can shut down the system as described on page 3-14.

3-4 0993-5255
 Preparing the System

Table 3-1. Required Pressures for the Burner Gases

Gas Outlet Gauge Pressure

kPa bar psig

Pmin Pmax Pmin Pmax Pmin Pmax

Acetylene 90 100 0.9 1.0 13.0 14.5

(C2H2)

Air 450 500 4.5 5.0 65.0 72.5

Nitrous oxide 450 500 4.5 5.0 65.0 72.5
(N2O)

 Set the outlet gauge pressure for each gas to a value just below the maximum
value (Pmax ).
 Always set the same outlet gauge pressure for air and nitrous oxide.
 Never set the outlet gauge pressure to a value exceeding the maximum
pressure (Pmax ).
 Always turn on the air supply since air pressure is required for the
spectrometer’s pneumatic system.

W5.7
Warning: Acetylene – Explosion Hazard
Acetylene can decompose explosively at pressures higher than 103 kPa/
1.03 bar/15 psig.
 Always make sure that the acetylene outlet gauge pressure is below this
value.

0993-5255 3-5
Preparing the System

Table 3-2. Required Pressures for the Furnace Gases

Gas Outlet Gauge Pressure

kPa bar psig

Pmin Pmax Pmin Pmax Pmin Pmax

Argon 350 400 3.5 4.0 50.0 58.0

Nitrogen 350 400 3.5 4.0 50.0 58.0
Special 350 400 3.5 4.0 50.0 58.0

 Set the outlet gauge pressure for each gas to a value just below the maximum
value (Pmax ).
 Never set the outlet gauge pressure to a value exceeding the maximum
pressure (Pmax ).

W6.1
Warning: Toxic Gases
If you use nitrogen as the inert gas, toxic cyanogen gas (CN)2 will be produced
when the furnace temperature is above 2300 °C.
 Make sure that the main laboratory fume ventilation system removes all
gases and fumes emitted by the furnace.

3-6 0993-5255
 Preparing the System

Installing lamps

Lamp compartment
The lamp compartment is located on the left-hand side of the spectrometer,
beneath a hinged cover. The compartment is easily accessible from the front when
the cover is open.

Lamp compartment cover

The spectrometer is designed to operate with PerkinElmer Lumina hollow

cathode lamps (HCLs) and coded electrodeless discharge lamps (EDLs).
The lamp compartment has holders for up to eight lamps.
You can install Lumina HCLs in all eight holders. The holders incorporate the
receptacles for connection of the Lumina lamps.
You can install EDLs in holders 1–4 only. The sockets for the power supplies to
the EDLs are located on the left-hand side of the lamp compartment.

0993-5255 3-7
Preparing the System

3 5 7

2 4 6 8

Lamp holders numbered 1 through 8

Sockets for EDLs

Figure 3-1. Lamp Holders in the Lamp Compartment

Installing and connecting lamps

HCLs
Note: A hollow cathode lamp must be installed in at least one holder before you
switch on the spectrometer.
1. Open the lamp compartment cover by lifting it at the front and swinging it
back.
2. Slide the Lumina lamp for the required element into the selected lamp holder
and make sure that the integrated socket slides fully home over the receptacle
on the lamp holder.
3. Close the lamp compartment cover.

3 5 7

Lumina hollow cathode lamp

2 4 6 8

3-8 0993-5255
 Preparing the System

EDLs
You must use the lamp holders numbered 1 through 4 for EDLs.
1. Open the lamp compartment cover by lifting it at the front and swinging it
back.
2. If necessary, assemble the lamp by sliding the lamp driver into the lamp
sleeve for the required element. Depress the locking pin as the sleeve slides
into place and make sure that the locking pin extends through the locating
hole in the sleeve.
Lamp sleeve

Lamp driver

Locking pin

Coding plug

3. Slide the lamp carefully into the selected lamp holder until it butts up against
the end-stop inside the holder.
4. Insert the coding plug over the receptacle on the lamp holder.
5. Insert the lamp connector into the correct EDL socket at the left-hand side of
the lamp compartment. Use the receptacle that has the same number as the
lamp holder.
6. Close the lamp compartment cover.

3 5 7

Coding plug

2 4 6 8

EDL socket

0993-5255 3-9
Preparing the System

Removing lamps
Do not unplug and remove lamps while they are switched on.
1. On the Toolbar, click on Lamps. The Align Lamps window appears.
2. Make sure that the lamps you want to remove are switched off:
The On buttons must not be green. If necessary, click on the respective On
buttons.
3. Close the Align Lamps window.
4. Unplug and remove the lamps. For EDLs, remove the coding plugs as well.

Tips for installing lamps

 Use only PerkinElmer lamps. You can use both hollow cathode and
electrodeless discharge lamps.
 Do not touch the front window of the lamp; perspiration or other
contamination can reduce the intensity of the radiation.
 If you install more than one lamp containing a particular element, for
example, a single-element copper lamp and a multi-element lamp containing
copper, the system will use the lamp in the holder with the lower number
when you perform determinations of that element. Make sure that you place
the preferred lamp in the holder with the lower number.
 With EDLs, connect each lamp plug to the socket that has the same number
as the holder of the lamp.
 With EDLs, make sure that you use the correct coding plug and connect it to
the receptacle on the lamp holder containing the EDL.
 If you use the wrong coding plug or connect the coding plug to the wrong
receptacle, you will cause the spectrometer to malfunction and may cause
irreparable damage to the lamp.

3-10 0993-5255
 Preparing the System

Installing sample trays

A sample tray can be inserted into one of three locations in front of the
spectrometer – on the left-hand side, in front of the atomizer compartment, and on
the right-hand side. You can leave a tray permanently installed on the left-hand
side if you wish. You cannot install a tray in front of the atomizer compartment
or on the right-hand side as long as the furnace autosampler is installed. When the
autosampler is swivelled to the standby position at the right, you can install a tray
in front of the atomizer compartment.
The sample trays are robust and can support an accessory, such as a diluter, or a
flame autosampler, or a flow injection system.

To install the tray

1. Hold the tray with both hands and position it in front of the location into which
you wish to insert it.
2. Insert the tray support posts into the guides at the base of the instrument and
slide in the tray until it hits the stop. Then gently lift the front of the tray and
slide it finally into place. You can feel it lock into place.

To remove the tray

1. Gently lift the tray at the front and then pull it back to slide it out of the guides.

0993-5255 3-11
Preparing the System

Shutting down the system

Note: In an emergency, switch off the spectrometer using the operational on/off
switch on the front panel.
The flame is automatically extinguished and the gases shut down in a safe
sequence.
See page 3-14 for the procedure to follow after an emergency shutdown.
You must shut down each atomizer correctly before you shut down the
spectrometer.

To shut down the flame system

1. With the flame still burning, aspirate the correct rinsing solutions to rinse the
burner system (see ‘Extinguishing the flame’ in the Burner System User’s
Guide for detailed information).
Either aspirate the solutions manually or use the flame autosampler.
2. Extinguish the flame and bleed the gas lines:
1. In the Flame Control window, click on the Flame icon.
The system uses a predetermined shutdown sequence to extinguish the
flame safely.
2. Shut down the gases to the spectrometer at source.
3. In the Flame Control window, click on Bleed Gases to depressurize the gas
lines.

To shut down the furnace system

1. Flush the furnace autosampler rinsing system (see ‘Autosampler maintenance
procedures’ in the Graphite Furnace User’s Guide for detailed information).
2. Shut down the furnace gases to the spectrometer at source.

3-12 0993-5255
 Preparing the System

To shut down the spectrometer

1. Exit AA WinLab:
In the File menu, click on Exit.
2. Switch off the spectrometer at the operational on/off switch on the front panel.
3. Switch off any accessories.
4. If you do not want to use the computer for other tasks, shut down the computer
and printer as described in their user’s guides.
5. Empty the burner drain vessel (see ‘Emptying the drain vessel’ in the Burner
System User’s Guide).
6. Empty the furnace autosampler waste bottle.
Note: Dispose of hazardous or corrosive solutions properly and refer to your
local safety regulations for proper disposal procedures.

0993-5255 3-13
Preparing the System

Emergency shutdown

If a situation arises where you have to shut down the system quickly and you do
not have time to carry out the correct procedure, you can use the procedure
described below.
Note: This procedure is for use in an emergency only. Do not use it as a routine
shutdown procedure.
1. Switch off the spectrometer at the operational on/off switch on the front panel.
2. Shut down the gases to the spectrometer at source.
When you return to the spectrometer, proceed as follows to shut down the system
properly:
3. If you were previously running concentrated salt solutions, organic solvents,
or solutions containing cyanide, copper, silver, or mercury:
1. Remove the burner head (see the Burner System User’s Guide).
2. Pour a large quantity of deionized water slowly through the neck of the
spray chamber to thoroughly flush the chamber and the drain system.
4. Check the burner head.
If there are deposits along the slot, clean the burner head (see the Burner
System User’s Guide).
5. Reinstall the burner head.
6. Switch on and set up the spectrometer system.
7. Ignite the flame.
8. Extinguish the flame properly.

3-14 0993-5255
Spectrometer:
System Maintenance 4
4Spectrometer: System Maintenance
Marker for header

Contents page

PerkinElmer Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

Maintenance checklist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
Spectrometer maintenance procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
Cleaning the windows of the optical system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
Maintaining the electrical components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7
Changing the air filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10
Replacing the deuterium lamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11
Maintaining the acetylene supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-14

0993-5255 4-1
System Maintenance

4-2 0993-5255
 System Maintenance

PerkinElmer Service

W1.2
Warning: Unauthorized Adjustments and Servicing
Only a PerkinElmer service engineer or similarly trained and authorized person
should be permitted to service the instrument.
 Do not attempt to make adjustments, replacements, repairs, or modifications
to this instrument except as described in the documentation supplied with the
instrument.

If the spectrometer system does not function correctly…

 Switch off the spectrometer system and make sure that it cannot be operated.
 Contact your local PerkinElmer office.
You should only perform the maintenance procedures described in this guide.
For any other maintenance or service contact your local PerkinElmer office to
arrange for a service engineer to visit.
In particular you should only allow a PerkinElmer service engineer or similarly
trained and authorized person to perform any work on:
 electrical components inside the instrument;
 the gas connections and gas system pneumatics;
 the monochromator and all other optical system components.
Before the service engineer arrives:
1. Make sure that the instrument and work area are clean.
2. Empty corrosive solutions from the burner drain vessel.
Then add water to the drain trap to activate the function.
3. Empty the furnace autosampler waste bottle.

Troubleshooting
See the Troubleshooting Guide supplied with the AA WinLab operating system.
This guide includes information on problems that can arise with both the software
and the spectrometer system.

0993-5255 4-3
System Maintenance

Maintenance checklist

Maintenance checklists for the spectrometer system are presented below.

Maintenance checklists for the burner system are presented in the Burner System
User’s Guide and for the graphite furnace, cooling system, and the furnace
autosampler in the Graphite Furnace User’s Guide.

General preventative maintenance procedures

Instrument For safety reasons, and to avoid contaminating new samples, you should
and work area make sure that the instrument and the work area are always absolutely clean.
This is especially important when you are working with toxic substances and
when you are measuring trace amounts of any elements.
Wipe up spills immediately before they can cause further contamination or
damage.
Before you leave the instrument standing idle for any period of time, make
sure that all the components are clean.
Fume Make sure that the main fume ventilation system functions correctly. Always
ventilation switch it on when you are using the instrument.
Environmen- Make sure that the environmental conditions are as described in Chapter 6,
tal conditions Laboratory Requirements.
Acetylene Always change to a new acetylene cylinder when the cylinder pressure falls
cylinder to below 600 kPa (6 bar; 87 psig) (more information: page 4-14).

Spectrometer, maintenance checklist

External Wipe over the surfaces with a lint-free cloth moistened with a dilute solution
surfaces of laboratory detergent.
The surfaces are resistant to dilute acids and alkalis, and to a lesser extent to
strong acids and alkalis and organic solvents.
Air filters Fit new filters yearly or more often in a dusty environment
(procedure: page 4-10).
Atomizer
compartment
These windows do not normally require cleaning but if they become marked,
windows,
e.g., with fingerprints, you can clean them (procedure: page 4-5).
lamp end
windows

4-4 0993-5255
 System Maintenance

Spectrometer maintenance procedures

Procedures described
 Cleaning the windows.
 Changing the air filters.
 Resetting the circuit breaker and changing the fuses.
 Replacing the deuterium lamp.

Cleaning the windows of the optical system

Caution Risk of damage to optical components

 Never touch or clean the surfaces of the grating or mirrors.
If mirror surfaces are scratched they must be resurfaced.
Do not allow cleaning fluids to come into contact with any of the reflecting
surfaces.

Most of the optical components are under the main cover of the spectrometer and
are protected by the black optics covers.
Usually these components require no maintenance, provided the laboratory fume
ventilation system is working correctly and the environmental conditions are as
described in Chapter 6, Laboratory Requirements.
The only optical parts that are exposed are:
 The atomizer compartment windows.
 The windows of the lamps.
 The furnace windows. Cleaning the furnace windows is described under
System Maintenance in the Graphite Furnace User’s Guide.
These windows are important parts of the whole optical system. Handle them
carefully, as you would any sensitive optical component. Do not directly touch the
windows.
If mirror surfaces need cleaning, this must be done by a PerkinElmer service
engineer or a similarly authorized and trained person who knows the special
techniques required.

0993-5255 4-5
System Maintenance

To clean the windows:

This must be done only by a skilled person who knows the special techniques
required.
Note: The more you rub the surface of the windows, the more chance there is of
scratching them. You must change scratched windows.

W3.1
Warning: UV Radiation – Risk of Eye Damage
The lamps may emit UV radiation which can damage your eyes.
 Do not gaze into a lighted lamp.
 Always wear UV-absorbing safety glasses when looking at the radiation from
the lamps.

1. Blow dust off optical surfaces with clean dry air before you attempt to clean
them. Do not rub the surfaces.
2. Clean the window surfaces with a soft lint-free cloth moistened with
spectroscopic grade alcohol. The window must dry quickly to avoid leaving
drying marks.
Keep the cleaning solutions and water away from other parts of the
instrument.

4-6 0993-5255
 System Maintenance

Maintaining the electrical components

W2.3
Warning: Electrical Hazard
 To prevent potential injury to yourself and damage to the instrument, switch
OFF all instruments in the system and disconnect them from the line power
supply before you perform the procedures described below.

Parts that may be serviced by the user

The only parts that you should attempt to maintain are those described below.
The electronic components in the instrument do not contain any parts which you
can maintain yourself. If there is a problem, contact your local PerkinElmer
office.
If any fuses blow frequently or if the automatic circuit breaker switch is activated
frequently, contact your local PerkinElmer office for advice.

0993-5255 4-7
System Maintenance

Resetting the automatic circuit breaker

The spectrometer has an automatic circuit breaker which prevents the system
from drawing too much current.
When the circuit breaker is activated, the switch flips to the off position
(marked ). This can happen while an analysis is running.
To reset the switch, wait a few seconds then put the switch to the on position
(marked ).
If this switch is activated frequently, contact your local PerkinElmer office for
advice.

Changing the fuses

W2.9
Warning: Electrical Hazard
 Use only fuses with the correct current rating and of the specified type for
replacement.
 Do not use makeshift fuses and do not short-circuit the fuse holders.
1. Switch off the spectrometer and all other instruments in the system as
described in the relevant guides.
2. Switch the circuit breaker on the rear panel of the spectrometer to the off
position (marked ).
3. Disconnect the spectrometer’s line power cord from the line power supply.
4. Disconnect all the line power cords from the sockets at the rear of the
spectrometer.
5. To change the fuses numbered F1, F2, F3, F4:
1. Insert the tip of a suitable screwdriver in the slot of the respective fuse
holder and unscrew the fuse holder.
2. Remove the blown fuse, then insert a new one of the correct type and
rating. The correct rating is shown on the label of the fuse on the rear
panel of the spectrometer.
3. Screw the fuse holder into the correct socket.
6. Reconnect the line power cords correctly.

4-8 0993-5255
 System Maintenance

I nstrument Communica tion Furnace Gases

Gaz du Four
Ofengase
P min Pm ax
230 V 230 V 230 V
50/60 Hz 50/ 60 H z
3 50 4 00 kP a
50/ 60 H z
3 .5 4 .0 b ar
Ar / N 2 5 0. 0 5 8.0 psig
No rm al G as Sp eci al Gas
F1 F2 F3 F4
4 A (T) 4 A (T) 4 A (T) 4 A (T)
G az No rm al Gaz Sp écial
No rm alg as Sp ezi alg as

230 V
50/60 Hz

C ooling System
Syst ème de Refroidissem ent
U mlauf kühlu ng
Burner Gases
Gaz du Bruleur
Brennergase

I P min Pma x P min Pma x P min Pma x

4 50 500 kPa 4 50 5 00 kP a 9 0 1 00 kP a
4 .5 5.0 b ar 4 .5 5 .0 b ar 0 .9 1 .0 b ar
0 6 5.0 72. 5 psig 6 5. 0 7 2.5 psi g 1 3. 0 1 4.5 psi g

Air / Luft N2O C2H2

In Out
Ent ré e S orti e
E ing a ng A usg ang

W arni ng
H2O LR4 5111 ** *
SA
P min Pma x A ll field wir ni g mu st have i ns ulation
2 50 350 kPa s uit ab le fo r a tlea st 30 0 V
Furnace Cooling 2 .5 3.5 b ar Ave rti ssemen t
Refroidissement du Four 36 50 psig L e cabla ge à p ied d 'ouv re do ti êtr e
c er tifiés po ur u n minimu m de 300 V

Ofenkühlung

Instrument Communication

230 V 230 V 230 V

50/60 Hz 50/60 Hz 50/60 Hz

F1 F2 F3 F4
4 A (T) 4 A (T) 4 A (T) 4 A (T)

230 V
50/60 Hz

Cooling System
Système de Refroidissement

Fuses, F1, F2, F3, F4 Umlaufkühlung

I
0

Automatic circuit breaker

Figure 4-1. Automatic Circuit Breaker and Fuses on the rear panel

0993-5255 4-9
System Maintenance

Changing the air filters

To make sure that the electrical components in the spectrometer are properly
cooled, the air filters must allow sufficient air into the instrument. Check the
filters regularly and change them if they are dirty.
You should not need to change the filters more than once every year if the
environmental conditions are as described under Chapter 6, Laboratory
Requirements.
Replacement filters are available; see Chapter 5, Parts and Supplies for the part
number.
1. Carefully pull off the snap-on plastic grid that holds the air filter in place.
2. Replace the filter and push the grid back into place.

Instrument Communica tion Furnace Gases

Gaz du Four
Ofengase
P min P max
230 V 230 V 230 V
50/60 Hz 50/60 Hz
350 400 kPa
50/60 Hz
3.5 4.0 bar
Ar / N 2 50.0 58.0 psig
Normal Gas Special Gas
F1 F2 F3 F4
4 A (T) 4 A (T) 4 A (T) 4 A (T)
Gaz Norm al Gaz Spécial
Normalgas Spezialgas

230 V
50/60 Hz

Cooling System
Système de Refroidissement
Umlaufkühlu ng
Burner Gases
Gaz du Bruleur
Brennergase

I P min P max P min P max P min P max

450 500 kPa 450 500 kPa 90 100 kPa
4.5 5.0 bar 4.5 5.0 bar 0.9 1.0 bar
0 65.0 72.5 psig 65.0 72.5 psig 13.0 14.5 psig

Air / Luft N2O C2H2

In Out
Entrée Sortie
Eingang Ausgang

H2O P min P max Warning SA LR 45111 ***

All field wiring must have i ns ulation
250 350 kPa s uit able for at leas t 300 V
Furnace Cooling 2.5 3.5 bar Ave rtissement
Refroidissement du Four 36 50 psig Le cablage à pied d'ouv re doit être
c ertif iés pour un minimum de 300 V

Ofenkühlung

Air filters

4-10 0993-5255
 System Maintenance

Replacing the deuterium lamp

The deuterium lamp for the background corrector has a limited lifetime. After a
prolonged period of operation the lamp will exhibit decreasing radiant intensity
and will ultimately fail.
The lifetime of the deuterium lamp will be prolonged if you do not switch it on
and off frequently.
You can replace the deuterium lamp assembly yourself. The replacement lamp is
fitted in a prealigned mount.

Deuterium
lamp cover

Figure 4-2. Location of Deuterium Lamp inside the Spectrometer

W2.3
Warning: Electrical Hazard
 To prevent potential injury to yourself and damage to the instrument, switch
OFF all instruments in the system and disconnect them from the line power
supply before you perform the procedures described below.

1. Switch off the spectrometer at the operational on/off switch on the front panel.
2. Switch the circuit breaker on the rear panel of the spectrometer to the off
position (marked ).
3. Disconnect the spectrometer from the line power supply.

0993-5255 4-11
System Maintenance

Captive screws

Thumbscrew

Deuterium lamp
assembly

Deuterium lamp plug

Figure 4-3. Deuterium Lamp Cover and Bracket Assembly

4. Open the top cover of the spectrometer:
1. Remove the two securing screws; one on the left and one on the right.
2. Swing back the cover to the open position.
5. Remove the deuterium lamp assembly:
1. Undo the two captive screws on the deuterium lamp cover.
2. Carefully lift up the deuterium lamp cover.
The deuterium lamp assembly is attached to a bracket underneath the
cover.
3. Carefully place the complete assembly on top of the black optics cover.
4. Pull out the deuterium lamp plug from the socket in the lamp
compartment.
Do not pull on the deuterium lamp leads.
6. Slacken the thumbscrew on the bracket and remove the old lamp assembly.
Save the thumbscrew for use with the new lamp assembly.

4-12 0993-5255
 System Maintenance

7. Unpack the new lamp assembly, taking care to hold it only by the metal mount
to prevent fingermarks on the lamp envelope.
8. Slip the slot at the base of the lamp mount over the stud on the lamp bracket
and secure the lamp assembly with the thumbscrew saved in step 6.
9. Wipe the lamp envelope with a soft cloth moistened with alcohol to remove
dirt, since this would otherwise be burned in when the lamp is hot.
10. Insert the deuterium lamp plug into the socket in the lamp compartment.
The plug is asymmetric and can only be inserted in one direction.
11. Reinstall the lamp assembly:
1. Carefully lower the deuterium lamp assembly into the lamp compartment
until the lamp cover fits in place.
2. Screw in the two captive screws on the lamp cover.
12. Close the top cover:
1. Swing down the cover to the closed position.
2. Screw in the two securing screws; one on the left and one on the right.
Since the deuterium lamp is fitted with as prealigned mount, you do not normally
need to align the lamp.
Note: Do not attempt to make adjustments to the lamp bracket assembly. If there
is indication that the alignment is not correct (e.g., low energy for the BG bar
graph in the Align Lamps or Continuous Graphics windows), please contact your
local PerkinElmer office.

0993-5255 4-13
System Maintenance

Maintaining the acetylene supply

W5.7
Warning: Acetylene – Explosion Hazard
Acetylene can decompose explosively at pressures higher than
103 kPa / 1.03 bar / 15 psig.
 Always make sure that the acetylene outlet gauge pressure is below this
value.

 You should depressurize both the fuel and oxidant gas hoses at the end of the
working day or if you are not going to use the instrument for an extended
period. Close the cylinder valves to avoid the possibility of gas hoses being
subjected to the full cylinder pressure in the event that a pressure regulator
should fail.
 Acetylene is supplied dissolved in a solvent such as acetone, and a small
amount of solvent carryover with the acetylene is normal. However, as tank
pressure falls, the relative amount of solvent entering the gas stream increases
and can give erratic results, particularly for elements such as calcium, tin,
chromium, molybdenum and others whose sensitivity is highly dependent on
the fuel:oxidant ratio.The pressure drop is not linear with gas removal since
the acetylene is dissolved in a solvent, and a pressure of 600 kPa (6 bar;
85 psig) at ambient temperature indicates that the cylinder is nearly empty.
For this reason, replace acetylene cylinders when the cylinder pressure drops
to about 600 kPa (6 bar; 85 psig).
 Always store and use acetylene cylinders vertically, rather than horizontally,
to prevent liquid acetone from reaching the cylinder valve.
 The practice of ‘cracking the valve’ of an acetylene tank (that is, opening the
valve slightly for a very short period previous to attaching the regulator) is not
recommended. While such an action will clear the valve opening of dust or
dirt particles and may remove acetone from the cylinder valve, it is a
potentially hazardous practice and one which should never be attempted in the
presence of an open flame, sparks or other possible sources of ignition.

4-14 0993-5255
Parts and Supplies 5
5Parts and Supplies
Marker for header

Contents page

Parts provided . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3

Replacement parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
Obtaining supplies, replacement parts, and accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4

0993-5255 5-1
Parts and Supplies

5-2 0993-5255
 Parts and Supplies

Parts provided

PerkinElmer reserves the right to alter the schedule of parts provided without prior notice.

Qty. Item Part No.

1 AAnalyst 700 atomic absorption spectrometer. . . . . . . . B312-0082

1 Read cable. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B312-1302
3 Special line cords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B310-0003
1 pack Replacement air filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B050-2706
4 Plugs, for handle screw holes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B015-3803
1 pack Replacement fuses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B312-1303
1 AS-800 furnace autosampler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B300-1500
1 Swing-arm mount for autosampler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B312-0922
Further parts provided with the furnace autosampler are listed under ‘Parts
and Supplies’ in the Graphite Furnace User’s Guide.
1 Fuel hose assembly (red) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B015-4984
1 Air hose assembly (black) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B015-4987
1 Nitrous oxide hose assembly (blue) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B015-4990
10 m Special gas tube (FLEXO) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B050-8264
1 Y-connector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0992-0179
1 Hose kit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B311-0036
1 Drain vessel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B312-1306
1 Sample tube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B015-6272
5 Corkpreen gaskets for burner end cap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0047-2014
1 O-ring for burner end cap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0990-2147
1 O-ring for the spray chamber . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0990-2219
1 Burner head cleaning tool. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0303-1573
1 pack Graphite components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B300-0408
5 Graphite tubes with integrated platforms . . . . . . . . . . . . B300-0407
1 Tube alignment tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B008-0112
1 set Tools for changing graphite contacts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B312-1301
1 Documentation package B312-0299

0993-5255 5-3
Parts and Supplies

Replacement parts

Obtaining supplies, replacement parts, and accessories

Supplies, replacement parts, and accessories can be ordered directly from
PerkinElmer, using the part numbers quoted in the guides provided with the
instrument.
e-ssentials
PerkinElmer Instruments on-line catalog, your single source for quality supplies
and accessories.
http://essentials.perkinelmer.com/

PerkinElmer’s catalog service offers a full selection of high-quality supplies.

To place an order for supplies and many replacement parts, request a free catalog,
or ask for information:
– If you are located within the U.S., call toll free 1-800-762-4002, 8 a.m. to
8 p.m. EST. Your order will be shipped promptly, usually within 24 hours.
– If you are located outside of the U.S., call your local PerkinElmer sales or
service office.

What is listed in this section

This section lists the most important replacement parts for your spectrometer
system. Parts listed under Parts provided are not repeated in this section.
Information about other parts and accessories for the system is given in the
current PerkinElmer brochures and price lists.

Background corrector

Description Part No.

Deuterium lamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B014-8615

5-4 0993-5255
Laboratory Requirements 6
6Laboratory Requirements
Marker for header

Contents page

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3
Operating conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3
Space requirements for the spectrometer system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5
Electrical requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8
Gas supply requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-9
Burner gases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-10
Furnace gases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-14
Cooling the spectrometer system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-16
Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-18
Computer and printer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-18

0993-5255 6-1
Laboratory Requirements

6-2 0993-5255
 Laboratory Requirements

Introduction

The AAnalyst 700 spectrometer has some special requirements that you must
consider when setting up the laboratory. The laboratory must fulfil these
requirements, described in this chapter, before you can operate the spectrometer
correctly.
Brochure no. L-301 – Preparing Your Laboratory for PerkinElmer Atomic
Spectroscopy Instruments – also contains useful information. This brochure is
available from PerkinElmer.

Operating conditions

W1.3
Warning: Explosive Atmosphere
This instrument is not designed for operation in an explosive atmosphere.

The instrument will operate correctly under the following conditions:

 Indoors.
 Ambient temperature +15 C to +35 C (+59 F to +95 F), with a maximum
change not exceeding 2.8 C (5 F) per hour.
 Ambient relative humidity 20% to 80%, without condensation.
 Altitude in the range 0 m to 2000 m (sea level to 6500 feet).
 The location must be free of dust, smoke, and corrosive fumes.
Note: When you remove the instrument from storage and before you put it into
operation, allow it to stand for at least a day under the approved operating
conditions.

0993-5255 6-3
Laboratory Requirements

Bench and location requirements

The location you choose for the spectrometer must fulfil the criteria listed below:
 Place the spectrometer on a sturdy bench or trolley (cart) capable of sustaining
the weight. The work surface must be level, flat, clean, dry, and free from
vibration. It should be strong and stiff enough to bear the weight of the
spectrometer system over a long period without warping or bending. A
movable table is very convenient, but make sure that the wheels can be
securely locked.
 Position the bench or trolley out of direct sunlight and away from radiators
and heaters.
 Position the system near to the electricity and gas supply points, and close to
a source of cooling water.
 Position the system so that the atomizer compartment is located beneath a
suitable fume ventilation system.
 Make sure that there is space at the rear and sides of the system for air to
circulate freely.
 Make sure that there is sufficient room for you to work comfortably with the
instruments, and that you can reach the connections at the rear of the
instruments and the electricity and gas supply points.

Fume ventilation
You must provide an efficient fume ventilation system to remove the fumes
generated by the atomizer.
The specification for a suitable system is described in brochure no. L-301 –
Preparing Your Laboratory for PerkinElmer Atomic Spectroscopy Instruments.
This brochure is available from PerkinElmer.

Warning: Toxic Gases – Fume Ventilation System

Without adequate ventilation, potentially toxic vapors can build up in the
laboratory.
 Your laboratory must have a reliable fume ventilation system before you use
this instrument.

6-4 0993-5255
 Laboratory Requirements

Exhaust venting is important for the following reasons:

 It will protect laboratory personnel and the instrument from toxic vapors,
which may be produced by some samples.
 It will minimize the effects of room drafts and the laboratory atmosphere on
flame stability.
 It will remove heat produced by the flame.
We strongly recommend that you do not place the spectrometer in a chemical
hood. If a chemical hood must be used, make arrangements to prevent
contamination due to corrosive vapors and backdrafts from other hoods.
Do not perform sample preparation in the same hood as the spectrometer.

Space requirements for the spectrometer system

The illustrations on the following pages show the dimensions of the spectrometer
and the space that you require to accommodate the spectrometer, computer, and
ancillary equipment.

Computer and printer

Place the computer near to the spectrometer in a convenient position for working
with both instruments. A movable table, specially designed for a computer and
printer, may be most convenient.
The printer needs to be in a convenient place with enough room for the paper
supply to stand and feed smoothly into the printer.

Accessories
Make sure that there is sufficient room for any accessories near to the
spectrometer.
For example, we recommend that you place the (optional) FIAS flow injection
system on a movable table in front of the atomizer compartment to minimize the
length of the sample transfer tube. Make sure that the wheels of the table can be
securely locked.

0993-5255 6-5
Laboratory Requirements

Fume ventilation
Atomizer compartment door
Lamp compartment cover in open position
in open position

approx. 350 mm
865 mm
655 mm
565 mm

Cooling
system
375 mm

Figure 6-1. Space Requirements for the Spectrometer System (1)

6-6 0993-5255
 Laboratory Requirements

1095 mm
660 mm

Atomizer
260 mm

Sample tray
330 mm

Furnace
autosampler

Figure 6-2. Space Requirements for the Spectrometer System (2)

0993-5255 6-7
Laboratory Requirements

Electrical requirements

The AAnalyst 700 spectrometer requires a stable electrical supply of 230 V,

50 Hz or 60 Hz, capable of delivering 20 A, that has a correctly wired protective
earthing system (ground connection).
The line power cable has a 3-pole connector (line + neutral + protective earth),
conforming to IEC 309-2, rated for 20 A. The cable is 3 meters long.
The line power supply should be free of line transients in excess of 50 V peak. If
the electrical supply voltage produces large AC line voltage fluctuations, a
qualified electrician should install a voltage regulator between the electrical outlet
and the instrument.
The power demand of the graphite furnace is approximately 3600 VA, the
maximum graphite tube temperature is 3000 C. Monitoring of the energy
required for each user-defined furnace program reliably prevents the line power
supply from being overloaded.
The line power supply point must be within 3 meters of the rear of the
spectrometer.
We recommend that you connect the spectrometer, computer, printer, and any
accessories to the same phase of the line power supply and the same protective
earth.
The line power supply must conform with local safety regulations and be checked
by a qualified electrician before you connect the instrument to line power.
See the guides for the computer and printer and any other instruments for
information about their power requirements.

6-8 0993-5255
 Laboratory Requirements

Gas supply requirements

The permanent installation of gas supplies is the responsibility of the user and
should conform to local safety and building regulations.
PerkinElmer recommends that cylinders be stored outside the laboratory and that
gases be piped to the spectrometer system in approved gas lines.
 The user must provide the gas supplies, regulators, connectors, and valves.
A double-stage or heated regulator is recommended for nitrous oxide.
Either the gas supplier or PerkinElmer can supply the correct regulators and
valves.
 You must be able to reach the on/off valves easily and see the pressure
indicators.
 Consult Chapter 1, Safety and Regulatory Information for recommended
safety procedures.

Warning: Compressed Gases

High pressure gas cylinders can be dangerous if mishandled or misused.
 Always handle gas cylinders with caution and observe your local regulations
for the safe handling of gas cylinders.

0993-5255 6-9
Laboratory Requirements

Burner gases
Two types of flame are commonly used for atomic absorption analyses with flame
atomization: the air/acetylene flame and the nitrous oxide/acetylene flame. The
specifications and requirements for the burner gases are given below:

Table 6-1. Specifications and Requirements of the Burner Gases

Gas Purity Outlet Gauge Pressure

kPa bar psig

Pmin Pmax Pmin Pmax Pmin Pmax

Acetylene 99.996%, atomic 90 100 0.9 1.0 13.0 14.5

(ethyne, C2H2) absorption grade in
acetone
Air oxygen ΟΜΒΞ=particle 450 500 4.5 5.0 65.0 72.5
free; water free
Nitrous oxide 99.996% 450 500 4.5 5.0 65.0 72.5
(dinitrogen monoxide, N2O)

 Set the outlet gauge pressure for each gas to a value just below the maximum
value (Pmax ).
 Always set the same outlet gauge pressure for air and nitrous oxide.
 Never set the outlet pressure to a value exceeding the maximum pressure
(Pmax ).

W5.7
Warning: Acetylene – Explosion Hazard
Acetylene can decompose explosively at pressures higher than 103 kPa/
1.03 bar/15 psig.
 Always make sure that the acetylene outlet gauge pressure is below this
value.

6-10 0993-5255
 Laboratory Requirements

Air supply
For the burner system, an air supply that is clean, dry, and oil-free is required. The
air supply should provide a minimum of 28 liters/min. (1 cubic foot/min.) at a
minimum pressure of 450 kPa (65 psig). The air supply should be suitably filtered
to remove oil, water, and solid particles. Since compressors are generally noisy,
we recommend that you locate the compressor outside the laboratory.
Cylinders of compressed air should only be used as an emergency or short-term
solution.

W5.9
Warning: Flashback Hazard
PerkinElmer burner systems are designed for use with compressed air. The use
of oxygen can cause an explosion in the burner system, and oxygen-enriched air
can cause a flashback of the flame.
 Never use oxygen or oxygen-enriched air with PerkinElmer burner systems.
Use only compressed air.

Air Compressor: A small oil-less air compressor meeting the air supply
requirements is recommended. The use of an air dryer filter is strongly
recommended to remove entrained water, oil, water aerosols, and solid particles
from compressed air lines. Water in the air supply can cause severe damage to the
pneumatics.

Caution Risk of damage to the instrument

Water in the air supply can damage to the pneumatics.
 Use only dry air. Bleed compressor tanks to remove water at least once a
week.

0993-5255 6-11
Laboratory Requirements

Acetylene supply
The acetylene supply should be of ‘atomic absorption’ grade.

Warning: Acetylene – Explosion Hazard

Acetylene can decompose explosively at pressures higher than 103 kPa/
1.03 bar/15 psig.
• Always make sure that the acetylene outlet gauge pressure is below this
value.

Grade: Suitable acetylene typically has a minimum purity specification of 99.6%

with the actual assay being about 99.8%. Acetylene is supplied dissolved in
acetone to prevent explosive decomposition. You should not use acetylene that is
dissolved in any other solvent. Experience indicates that solvents can be carried
through the regulator with the acetylene and can weaken, to the point of rupture,
the walls of the tubing carrying the acetylene to the burner, causing a potential
hazard.
Cylinder Specifications: A size 1A acetylene cylinder contains about 8500 liters
(300 cubic feet) of acetylene and usually lasts about 30 hours of burning time with
an air-acetylene flame. With a nitrous oxide-acetylene flame, the same size
cylinder will last about 10 hours.
Flash Arrestor: PerkinElmer recommends the use of the Flash Arrestor (P/N
N930-0068). The flash arrestor provides a positive shutoff of gas by checking the
reverse flow under all conditions. It also stops the gas supply when a flashback
occurs. The flash arrestor can be directly connected to the acetylene fuel line.
Piping/Tubing/Fittings: Use galvanized iron, steel, or wrought iron tubing. Never
use copper tubing with acetylene. Joints may be welded or made up of threaded
or flanged fittings, typically stainless steel or aluminum, or brass composed of
less than 65% copper. Rolled, forged, or cast steel or malleable iron fittings may
also be used. Cast iron fittings cannot be used safely for acetylene lines.

Warning: Risk of explosion

Acetylene can react with copper to form a readily explosive compound.
 Never use copper tubing or fittings for acetylene gas lines.

6-12 0993-5255
 Laboratory Requirements

Nitrous oxide supply

The nitrous oxide supply should be at least 99% pure. A heated regulator is
recommended.
Cylinder Specifications: Cylinders of nitrous oxide (99.0% minimum purity) are
available from local suppliers.
Nitrous oxide is supplied in the liquid state, initially at a pressure of about
5000 kPa (750 psig). A size 1A cylinder of nitrous oxide contains about
14800 liters (520 cubic feet) and will typically last for 10–12 hours of burning
time.

Warning: Nitrous oxide is a strong oxidant and an asphyxiant

Nitrous oxide is an asphyxiant; it can be considered a potential hazard whenever
it is stored or used in a confined space.
Spontaneous combustion may occur if nitrous oxide comes into contact with
grease, oil, or other organic material.
 Store nitrous oxide cylinders in a well-ventilated area outside the laboratory.
 Do not store nitrous oxide cylinders in close proximity to flammable gases
(e.g., acetylene).
 Make sure tubing and fittings carrying nitrous oxide are free of grease, oil, or
other organic material.

Heated Regulator: Since the nitrous oxide is in liquid form, the pressure gauge
does not give a true indication of how much nitrous oxide remains in the cylinder
until the pressure starts to fall rapidly as the residual gas is drawn off. When
nitrous oxide is rapidly removed from the cylinder, the expanding gas causes
cooling of the cylinder pressure regulator and the regulator diaphragm can freeze.
This can create erratic flame conditions or, in the most extreme case, a flashback.
It is therefore advisable to use a regulator with a built-in heater. A heated nitrous
oxide pressure regulator is available from PerkinElmer.

0993-5255 6-13
Laboratory Requirements

Furnace gases
Inert gas
The graphite furnace requires a supply of inert gas to prevent the tube and the
analyte atoms from being oxidized when the tube is heated.
Argon is the recommended inert gas.
If you cannot obtain argon, you can use purified nitrogen, but nitrogen does not
provide such efficient protection as argon at temperatures above 2000 °C.
Nitrogen can also react with the samples and the graphite tube at typical
atomization temperatures.

W6.1
Warning: Toxic Gases
If you use nitrogen as the inert gas, toxic cyanogen gas (CN)2 will be produced
when the furnace temperature is above 2300 °C.
 Make sure that the main laboratory fume ventilation system removes all
gases and fumes emitted by the furnace.

Special gas
For some applications you may want to use a special gas. A typical example is the
use of air during one of the pyrolysis steps to better ash organic materials.

6-14 0993-5255
 Laboratory Requirements

Table 6-2. Specifications and Requirements of the Furnace Gases

Max.
Gas Purity Outlet Gauge Pressure
Flowrate

kPa bar psig L/min

Pmin Pmax Pmin Pmax Pmin Pmax 1.2

Argon 99.996% 350 400 3.5 4.0 50.0 58.0 1.2

Nitrogen 99.996% 350 400 3.5 4.0 50.0 58.0 1.2
Special particle free; 350 400 3.5 4.0 50.0 58.0 1.2
water free

 Set the outlet gauge pressure for each gas to a value just below the maximum
value (Pmax ).
 Never set the outlet pressure to a value exceeding the maximum pressure
(Pmax ).

0993-5255 6-15
Laboratory Requirements

Cooling the spectrometer system

The graphite furnace uses water cooling to allow the graphite tube to return to its
equilibrium temperature (approximately ambient) quickly between
measurements (see ‘Cooling the furnace’ in the Graphite Furnace User’s Guide).
Cooling coils are also incorporated in the spectrometer’s power supply to
maintain the electronic components at a comfortable working temperature.

Cooling system
PerkinElmer offers a recirculating cooling system as an option. It provides
coolant at a constant temperature and flow rate, to allow the most reproducible
analytical conditions. It also makes the system independent of external water
supplies and saves water (see ‘Cooling the furnace’ in the Graphite Furnace
User’s Guide). This cooling system includes a pressure-sensitive safety device
that opens a bypass if the internal pressure in the circulatory system increases to
above a safe value.
Power requirements: 230 V; 50/60 Hz (electrical power is supplied by the
spectrometer)
Part Number: B019-8072

External cooling
If you intend to run the spectrometer system without the PerkinElmer cooling
system, you must connect another suitable source of cooling, such as the main
water supply or a laboratory thermostat. If you connect the spectrometer system
to the main water supply, make sure that the water pressure is as given in Table
6-3.
Table 6-3. Requirements for the Cooling Water Supply

Water quality sediment-free drinking water

Temperature 20–40 °C
Flow rate not less than 2 L/min
Pressure 2.5–3.5 bar (36–50 psig)
pH 6.5–7.5
Hardness not greater than 14 °dH or 100 ppm

6-16 0993-5255
 Laboratory Requirements

Unfiltered industrial water should not be used.

A water hose kit with pressure relief valve is provided with the spectrometer
system which you must permanently install in the water supply line to the system.
This valve opens if the water pressure to the system exceeds 4 bar. This feature
eliminates the risk of damage to the water hoses and hose fittings in the system
through excess water pressure.
The water pressure to the system should be at least 2.5 bar (36 psig). If the
pressure is lower, the flow rate of water through the system is reduced and heat
will not be removed quickly enough.
The maximum water pressure to the system is 3.5 bar (50 psig); the pressure relief
valve opens automatically if the water inlet pressure exceeds 4 bar – the slightly
higher pressure of 4 bar allows for minor daily fluctuations in the pressure of the
main water supply.

0993-5255 6-17
Laboratory Requirements

Lamps

These are often called primary source lamps, atomic absorption source lamps,
spectroscopic lamps, or line sources.
You need to provide the lamps for your particular applications.
Brochure no. L-656 – Hollow Cathode Lamps and Electrodeless Discharge
Lamps for Atomic Absorption, contains descriptions of all the lamps that are
available. This brochure is available from PerkinElmer.

Computer and printer

PerkinElmer offers a suitable computer for controlling the spectrometer and
graphite furnace, and a suitable printer. Contact your local PerkinElmer office for
more information.
PerkinElmer cannot accept responsibility for incorrect functioning of the
spectrometer system if you are not using the computer offered with the
spectrometer by PerkinElmer.

6-18 0993-5255
Spectrometer:
System Description 7
7Spectrometer: System Description
Marker for header

Contents page

The AAnalyst 700 Spectrometer System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3

The optical system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6
Switches and connectors on the spectrometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-8
Technical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-14

0993-5255 7-1
Spectrometer System Description

7-2 0993-5255
 Spectrometer System Description

The AAnalyst 700 Spectrometer System

Concept
The AAnalyst 700 spectrometer from PerkinElmer is a high performance atomic
absorption spectrometer incorporating a burner system for flame atomization and
a graphite furnace for electrothermal atomization. The spectrometer is capable of
fully automatic single or multi-element analyses. The complete system is
operated from the associated computer using the AA WinLab software.

Features of the AAnalyst 700 System

 Double-beam optical system optimized for maximum radiation throughput.
 Two fully integrated atomizers: a burner system for flame atomization and a
graphite furnace for electrothermal atomization. Atomizer changeover is
automatic at the click of a mouse button.
 Longitudinally-heated graphite furnace featuring full Stabilized Temperature
Platform Furnace (STPF) technology.
 Deuterium background correction system.
 Automated self-optimization of the burner system.
 High capacity furnace autosampler.
 Easy-to-use AA WinLab software with which you control the spectrometer
system. AA WinLab also incorporates a range of powerful quality control
functions.

0993-5255 7-3
Spectrometer System Description

System components
The AAnalyst 700 is a compact benchtop spectrometer. The major components of
the system are:
 The spectrometer, containing the optical system, the electronics, and the
atomizer compartment.
 The burner system, mounted on a carriage that can be driven into and out of
the atomizer compartment by software command (see ‘Burner design’ in the
Burner System User’s Guide for more information).
 The graphite furnace, mounted on a carriage that can be driven into and out of
the atomizer compartment by software command (see ‘Furnace design’ in the
Graphite Furnace User’s Guide for more information).
 The furnace autosampler, mounted on a swing arm in front of the atomizer
compartment (see ‘Autosampler design’ in the Graphite Furnace User’s
Guide for more information).
 The (optional) furnace cooling system (see ‘Cooling the furnace’ in the
Graphite Furnace User’s Guide for more information).
 The computer and the associated AA WinLab software.
 The printer; this is optional but strongly recommended.

System control
To control the spectrometer and perform your analyses, you use the AA WinLab
application program, which runs under the Microsoft Windows operating system.
The computer keyboard, the screen, and the mouse form the user interface.
When you switch on the spectrometer system it performs an initialization
procedure to check the instrument. While the spectrometer is operating, the
control system continually monitors many instrument functions. It generates
appropriate messages when a problem occurs and prevents potentially hazardous
situations from arising.
You can obtain more information about the application program in the AA
WinLab online help.

7-4 0993-5255
 Spectrometer System Description

Accessories
PerkinElmer offers autosamplers for operation with the burner system, flow
injection systems, diluters, and much more. Please contact your local
PerkinElmer office to obtain more information.

0993-5255 7-5
Spectrometer System Description

The optical system

The AAnalyst 700 uses a double-beam optical system as depicted in Figure 7-1.
Front-surfaced, reflecting optical components are used throughout. The mirror
surfaces are coated with silica for durability.
The lamp compartment has positions for up to eight spectral sources. The
radiation from the requested source lamp is reflected by a movable mirror into the
optical path.
A beam splitter splits the radiation into a sample beam and a reference beam. The
sample beam passes through the atomizer while the reference beam passes around
the atomizer and is conducted by a fiber optic. The sample and reference beams
are measured simultaneously.
The Littrow-configuration monochromator has a large area reflecting grating
blazed a two wavelengths; 236 nm for operation in the UV spectral range and
597 nm for operation in the visible spectral range. The monochromator offers a
choice of three spectral slit widths. Two slit heights are available for each slit
width. The high slits are used with the flame technique while the low slits are used
with the graphite furnace technique. The detector is a segmented array of discrete
photodiodes.
For continuum source background correction, the radiation from the deuterium
lamp is merged with the source radiation at the beam splitter.

7-6 0993-5255
 Spectrometer System Description

Deuterium
lamp Slits Detector
Collimating
Movable mirror
mirror

Reference
beam
Grating
Beam
splitter
Fiber optic

Atomizer
Lamp holder
with positions for Sample
up to 8 source beam
lamps

Figure 7-1. Optical System

0993-5255 7-7
Spectrometer System Description

Switches and connectors on the spectrometer

Operational on/off switches

Operational Accessory
on/off switch ports

Figure 7-2. Switches and Ports on the Front Panel

Spectrometer
You normally switch the system on and off with the operational on/off switch on
the front panel of the spectrometer.
Note: The spectrometer is provided with an operational on/off switch and with
a circuit breaker.
The operational on/off switch turns the instrument on and off, but it does not
disconnect the instrument from the line power supply.
The circuit breaker functions as a ‘disconnecting device’ and disconnects the
instrument entirely from the line power supply.

7-8 0993-5255
 Spectrometer System Description

Cooling system Cooling System

The (optional) cooling system requires a 230 V line
power supply, which is supplied and controlled from the
spectrometer. A special line power cord is provided for
this purpose. Do not connect the cooling system to an
external power source.
You can leave the on/off switch on the cooling system in
the ‘on’ position since the system is controlled from the
spectrometer.

On/off switch
Accessory ports
Three accessory ports are located on the front panel of the spectrometer behind
slide-up covers. You use these ports to connect certain accessories to the
spectrometer, such as the furnace autosampler. The ports provide the electrical
supply and control signals for operation of the accessories.

0993-5255 7-9
Spectrometer System Description

Electrical connectors and controls on the rear panel

Item Designation Function

1 Instrument Socket for a read cable to an external instrument to

activate a read cycle.
2 Communication Socket for the communication cable connecting the
spectrometer to the computer.
3 Cooling System Power outlet for the (optional) cooling system.
~230 V 50/60 Hz Connect the cooling system to this socket only.
Do not connect other equipment to this power outlet.
4 Power outlet for a printer.

~230 V 50/60 Hz

5 Power outlet for a computer.

~230 V 50/60 Hz

6 Power outlet for a monitor.

~230 V 50/60 Hz

7 Circuit breaker. An automatic switch that prevents the

system from drawing too much current. It can also be
used to isolate the spectrometer system from the line
power supply.
8 ––– Captive line power cord for the complete system.
9 F1 Fuse for the cooling system power outlet; 4 A slow-
blow (T).
10 F2 Fuse for the printer power outlet; 4 A slow-blow (T).
11 F3 Fuse for the computer power outlet; 4 A slow-blow
(T).
12 F4 Fuse for the monitor power outlet; 4 A slow-blow (T).

7-10 0993-5255
 Spectrometer System Description

In stru me nt Communic ation Furnace Gases

G a z du Fo ur
O f e n ga s e

Pmin
P max
23 0 V 23 0 V 23 0 V
50 /60 Hz 50 /60 Hz 50 /60 Hz
350 400 kP a
3.5 4.0 bar
Ar / N
2 50. 0 58. 0 psig
Normal Gas Spec ial Gas
F1 F2 F3 F4
Gaz Normal Gaz Spéc ial
4 A ( T) 4 A ( T) 4 A ( T) 4 A ( T)
Normalgas Spez ialgas

23 0 V
50 /60 Hz

Coo ling System

Systè me de Ref roid issemen t
Umlauf küh u
l ng

B urn e r G a s e s
G a z du B rul e ur
B re n ne rga s e

I P min
P max
P min
P max
Pmin
Pmax

450 500 kP a 450 500 kP a 90 100 kP a

4.5 5.0 bar 4.5 5.0 bar 0.9 1.0 bar
0 65. 0 72. 5 psig 65. 0 72. 5 psig 13. 0 14. 5 psig

Ai r / Luf t N2O C2H2

In Out
Entrée Sort ie
Eingang Ausgang

W a rn i n g SA L R 4 5 111 ***
H2O Pmin
Pmax
A l fe
i d
l w ri i ng mus t hav e n
i s ula ti on

250 350 kP a sui t abl e fo r at e

l ast 3 00 V

Fu rna c e C oo li ng 2.5 3.5 bar A v e rt i s se m e n t

Refroidissement du Four 36 50 psig
Le ca bl age à pi ed d 'ou vr e doi t êt r e
cer t fi i és pou r un mi ni mum de 30 0 V

Ofenkühlung

Instrument Communication

1
230 V 230 V 230 V
50/60 Hz 50/60 Hz 50/60 Hz

3 F1
4 A (T)
F2
4 A (T)
F3
4 A (T)
F4
4 A (T)

230 V
50/60 Hz

Cooling System
Système de Refroidissement 4 5 6
Umlaufkühlung

9 10 11 12

I
0

7 8

Figure 7-3. Electrical Connectors and Switches on the Rear Panel

0993-5255 7-11
Spectrometer System Description

The gas and cooling connectors

Item Designation Function

Furnace Cooling

1 In Fitting for connection of the cooling water inlet hose

to the spectrometer.
2 Out Fitting for connection of the cooling water outlet hose
from the spectrometer.
Furnace Gases

3 Ar/N2 Connector for the connection of the normal gas supply

Normal Gas to the furnace (argon or nitrogen).
4 Special Gas Connector for the connection of the special gas supply
to the furnace. If you are not using a special gas, you
must also connect the normal gas to this connector.
Burner Gases

5 Air/Luft Fitting for connection of the air supply to the

spectrometer. The air supply is required for the burner
and also for the pneumatic system in the spectrometer.
6 N2O Fitting for connection of the nitrous oxide supply to
the burner.
7 C2H2 Fitting for connection of the acetylene supply to the
burner.

7-12 0993-5255
 Spectrometer System Description

Instrument Communication Furnace Gases

Gaz du Four
Ofengase
P min P max
230 V 230 V 230 V
50/60 Hz 50/60 Hz
350 400 kPa
50/60 Hz
3.5 4.0 bar
Ar / N 2 50.0 58.0 psig
Normal Gas Special Gas
F1 F2 F3 F4
4 A (T) 4 A (T) 4 A (T) 4 A (T)
Gaz Norm al Gaz Spécial
Normalgas Spezialgas

230 V
50/60 Hz
Cooling System
Système de Refroidissement
Umlaufkühlung
Burner Gases
Gaz du Bruleur
Brennergase

I P min P max P min P max P min P max

450 500 kPa 450 500 kPa 90 100 kPa
4.5 5.0 bar 4.5 5.0 bar 0.9 1.0 bar
0 65.0 72.5 psig 65.0 72.5 psig 13.0 14.5 psig

Air / Luft N2O C2H2

In Out
Entrée Sortie
Eingang Ausgang

H2O P min P max Warning SA LR 45111 ***

All field wiring must have i ns ulation
250 350 kPa s uit able for at leas t 300 V
Furnace Cooling 2.5 3.5 bar Ave rtissement
Refroidissement du Four 36 50 psig Le cablage à pied d'ouv re doit être
c ertif iés pour un minimum de 300 V
Ofenkühlung

1 2

Furnace Gases
Gaz du Four
In Out
Entrée Sortie Ofengase
Eingang Ausgang
Pmin Pmax
350 400 kPa
3.5 4.0 bar
Ar / N2 50.0 58.0 psig
Normal Gas Special Gas
Gaz Normal Gaz Spécial
H2O Pmin Pmax Normalgas Spezialgas
250 350 kPa
Furnace Cooling 2.5 3.5 bar
Refroidissement du Four 36 51 psig
Ofenkühlung
3 4
Burner Gases
Gaz du Bruleur
Brennergase

Pmin Pmax Pmin Pmax Pmin Pmax

450 500 kPa 450 500 kPa 90 100 kPa
4.5 5.0 bar 4.5 5.0 bar 0.9 1.0 bar
65.0 72.5 psig 65.0 72.5 psig 13.0 14.5 psig

Air / Luft N2O C2H2

5 6 7

Figure 7-4. Gas and Cooling Connectors on the Rear Panel

0993-5255 7-13
Spectrometer System Description

Technical data

Principle Atomic absorption spectrometer.

Computer controlled, using a special application program running under a
graphical user interface.
Real-time double-beam, all-reflecting optical system.
Front-surfaced optics protected by a silica coating.
AC modulated spectral line sources.
Monochromator Littrow configuration grating monochromator.
Grating:
ruled area: 64 mm x 72 mm, 1800 lines/mm
blaze wavelengths: 236 nm and 597 nm
Focal length: 267 mm
Slit widths: 0.2, 0.7 and 2.0 nm
Wavelength range: 190–870 nm
Reciprocal linear dispersion: 1.6 nm/mm (nominal)
Detector Segmented discrete solid-state detector with CMOS charge amplifier array;
software-controlled automatic gain control (AGC).
Lamps Line radiation sources. Positions for up to 8 lamps in lamp compartment.
Single- and multi-element hollow cathode lamps (HCLs) and up to 4
electrodeless discharge lamps (EDLs) can be used.
Background Continuum source (deuterium lamp).
correction
Atomizers Flame atomization: Premix burner system with pneumatic nebulizer and
interchangeable burner heads; automatic changeover between air/acetylene
and nitrous oxide/acetylene flames.
Electrothermal atomization: Longitudinally-heated graphite furnace.

7-14 0993-5255
 Spectrometer System Description

Signal handling Time average, peak average, peak height, peak area.
Measurement ranges:
absorbance: –0.5 to 2.000
concentration: 0.00001 to 9999 concentration units
expansion factor: 0.01 to 100
read time: 1 to 60 s
read delay: 0 to 60 s
Calibration Automatic zeroing, resloping, and recalibration.
Calibration/recalibration using up to 15 calibration solutions (‘standards’).
Calibration coefficients determined by a least squares procedure.
Analytical curve technique:
Linear with zero or non-zero intercept.
Non-linear, 2-coefficient, or 3-coefficient, zero or non-zero intercept.
Analyte addition technique:
Zero or non-zero intercept.
Additions calibrate (zero intercept)
Application Special application program: AA WinLab.
program Online help function.
Hard disk or floppy storage of measurement data, signals, and completed
analytical methods.
Special Reporter, Reformatter, and Library Manager applications for
generating data reports and reformatting data for export to other data
handling programs.
Graphics High resolution display of the signals.
Simultaneous display of the corrected analyte signal and the background
signal.
Calibration curve display.
Storage and recall of transient absorbance signals.
Hard copy printout of screen graphics on an associated printer.
Power 230 V single-phase, 50/60 Hz, power consumption 5000 VA.
requirements

0993-5255 7-15
Spectrometer System Description

Electrical As defined in EN 61010-1-1993 (IEC 1010-1):

protection Insulation: Class I
Insulation category (overvoltage category): II
Pollution degree: 2

Safety standards As defined in EN 61010-1-1993 (IEC 1010-1: 1990 + A1 + A2) and

EN 61010-2-061:1996.
CSA standards: CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 1010.1-92, Amendment 1 (1992),
2 (1995), and CAN/CSA 61010-2-061 (1995).
UL standards: UL 3101-1 1993 and UL 3111-1 1994.
Compliant to the requirements of Canadian Standards Association (CSA)
and Underwriters Laboratory (UL) as listed in File No. LR 45111.
Certificate of Approval and GS mark from the LGA Bavaria, FRG, Institute
of Equipment Safety Testing and Certification, and CSA-NRTL/C mark
from CSA, Canada, File No. LR 45111.
EMC standards As defined in EN 61326-1:1997.
Environmental Ambient temperature: +15 °C to +35 °C
requirements 20–80% relative humidity; non-condensing
Dimensions Width: 1095 mm with handles: 1220 mm
Height: 655 mm with door open: 865 mm
Depth: 700 mm with handles: 770 mm
with autosampler: 1040 mm
Mass 147 kg
(weight) Spectrometer alone, not including the computer, autosampler, and cooling
system.

7-16 0993-5255
Translations of Warnings 8
8Translations of Warnings
Marker for header

Contents page

Translations of Warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3

Symbols used on the instrument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-45

0993-5255 8-1
Translations of Warnings

8-2 0993-5255
 Translations of Warnings

Translations of Warnings

This section contains translations of the safety conventions and warnings used in this guide.

dansk Oversættelser af advarsler

Denne del indeholder oversættelserne af de advarsler, som er indeholdt i denne håndbog.
Deutsch Übersetzungen der Warnungen
Dieser Abschnitt enthält die Übersetzungen der in diesem Handbuch verwendeten
Warnungen.
español Traducciones de las advertencias
Esta sección contiene traducciones de las advertencias utilizadas en el presente manual.
italiano Traduzione dei simboli di avvertenza
La presente sezione contiene la traduzione dei simboli di avvertenza utilizzati nel
presente manuale.
Nederlands Vertalingen van de Waarschuwingen
Dit gedeelte bevat vertalingen van de waarschuwingen gebruikt in dit handboek.
português Traduções de avisos
Esta secção contém traduções dos avisos usados no manual.
suomea Varoitusten käännökset
Tämä osa sisältää tässä käsikirjassa käytettyjen varoitusten käännökset.
svenska Översättning av varningstexter
Detta avsnitt innehåller översättningar av de varningstexter som används i handboken.

0993-5255 8-3
Translations of Warnings

This symbol alerts you to situations that could result in personal injury to yourself or other
persons.
Details about these circumstances are in a box like this one.

dansk Dette symbol gør Dem opmærksom på situationer, som kan medføre kvæstelser af Dem
selv eller andre personer.
Detaljer vedrørende disse omstændigheder er indrammet på tilsvarende måde som
denne henvisning.

Deutsch Dieses Symbol warnt vor Situationen, in denen Sie oder andere Personen verletzt werden
können.
Einzelheiten darüber sind in einem Rahmen wie diesem angegeben.

español Este símbolo le advierte de situaciones que pueden provocar lesiones corporales a
usted o a otras personas.
En los recuadros como éste se proporciona información sobre este tipo de circunstancias.

français Ce symbole vous signale des situations pouvant occasionner des dommages corporels
à l'utilisateur ou à d'autres personnes.
Les détails sur ces circonstances sont données dans un encadré semblable à celui-ci.

italiano Questo simbolo segnala situazioni che possono generare incidenti a voi stessi o ad
altre persone.
Troverete informazioni su tali circostanze in un riquadro come questo.

Nederlands Dit symbool maakt U attent op situaties die tot verwondingen voor Uzelf of anderen
kunnen leiden.
Bijzonderheden over deze omstandigheden staan in een kader zoals dit.

português Este símbolo alerta para situações que poderão causar um ferimento ao usuário.
Detalhes referentes a estas circunstâncias encontram-se referidos numa caixa como
esta.

suomea Tämä symboli haluaa kiinnittää huomiotasi tilanteisiin, joiden seurauksena voi olla itsesi
tai muiden henkilöiden loukkaantuminen.
Yksityiskohtaisia tietoja tällaisista tapauksista on tämäntapaisessa ruudussa.

svenska Denna symbol används för situationer där det finns risk för personskador om användaren
inte följer anvisningarna.
Detaljerad information ges i en ruta som denna.

8-4 0993-5255
 Translations of Warnings

This symbol alerts you to the risk of electric shock that could result in personal injury to
yourself or other persons.
Details about these circumstances are in a box like this one.

dansk Dette symbol gør Dem opmærksom på risikoen for elektrisk stød, som kan medføre
kvæstelser af Dem selv eller andre personer.
Detaljer vedrørende disse omstændigheder er indrammet på tilsvarende måde som
denne henvisning.

Deutsch Dieses Symbol warnt vor Gefahr durch elektrischen Stromschlag, durch den Sie oder
andere Personen verletzt werden können.
Einzelheiten darüber sind in einem Rahmen wie diesem angegeben.

español Este símbolo le advierte del peligro de descarga eléctrica que puede provocar lesiones
corporales a usted o a otras personas. En los recuadros como éste se proporciona
información sobre este tipo de circunstancias.

français Ce symbole vous avertit d'un risque d'électrocution pouvant occasionner des
dommages corporels à l'utilisateur ou à d'autres personnes.
Les détails sur ces circonstances sont données dans un encadré semblable à celui-ci.

italiano Questo simbolo vi mette in guardia da folgorazione che può causare incidenti a voi
stessi o ad altre persone.
Troverete informazioni su tali circostanze in un riquadro come questo.

Nederlands Dit symbool maakt U attent op het risico van electrische schokken die tot verwondingen
voor Uzelf of anderen kan leiden.
Bijzonderheden over deze omstandigheden staan in een kader zoals dit.

português Este símbolo alerta para um risco de um choque eléctrico que poderá causar um
ferimento ao usuário.
Detalhes referentes a estas circunstâncias encontram-se referidos numa caixa como
esta.

suomea Tämä symboli haluaa kiinnittää huomiotasi sähköiskun vaaraan , jonka

seurauksena voi olla itsesi tai muiden henkilöiden loukkaantuminen.
Yksityiskohtaisia tietoja tällaisista tapauksista on tämäntapaisessa ruudussa.

svenska Denna symbol används för situationer där det finns risk för elektriska stötar som kan ge
personskador om användaren inte följer anvisningarna.
Detaljerad information ges i en ruta som denna.

0993-5255 8-5
Translations of Warnings

This symbol alerts you to the risk of hot surfaces that could cause personal injury to
yourself or other persons.
Details about these circumstances are in a box like this one.

dansk Dette symbol gør Dem opmærksom på risikoen for varme overflader, som kan medføre
kvæstelser af Dem selv eller andre personer.
Detaljer vedrørende disse omstændigheder er indrammet på tilsvarende måde som
denne henvisning.

Deutsch Dieses Symbol warnt vor Gefahr durch heiße Oberflächen, durch die Sie oder andere
Personen verletzt werden können.
Einzelheiten darüber sind in einem Rahmen wie diesem angegeben.

español Este símbolo le advierte del peligro de que las superficies candentes provoquen
quemaduras a usted o a otras personas.
En los recuadros como éste se proporciona información sobre este tipo de circunstancias.

français Ce symbole vous avertit d'un risque de surfaces chaudes pouvant occasionner des
dommages corporels à l'utilisateur ou à d'autres personnes.
Les détails sur ces circonstances sont données dans un encadré semblable à celui-ci.

italiano Questo simbolo vi mette in guardia da superfici molto calde che possono causare
incidenti a voi stessi o ad altre persone.
Troverete informazioni su tali circostanze in un riquadro come questo.

Nederlands Dit symbool maakt U attent op het risico van hete oppervlaktes dat tot verwondingen
voor Uzelf of anderen kunnen leiden.
Bijzonderheden over deze omstandigheden staan in een kader zoals dit.

português Este símbolo alerta para um risco de superfícies quentes que poderão causar um
ferimento ao usuário.
Detalhes referentes a estas circunstâncias encontram-se referidos numa caixa como
esta.

suomea Tämä symboli haluaa kiinnittää huomiotasi kuumiin pintoihin, joiden seurauksena voi
olla itsesi tai muiden henkilöiden loukkaantuminen.
Yksityiskohtaisia tietoja tällaisista tapauksista on tämäntapaisessa ruudussa.

svenska Denna symbol används för situationer där det finns risk för varma ytor som kan ge
personskador om användaren inte följer anvisningarna.
Detaljerad information ges i en ruta som denna.

8-6 0993-5255
 Translations of Warnings

This symbol alerts you to the risk of ultraviolet radiation that could cause eye damage
to yourself or other persons.
Details about these circumstances are in a box like this one.

dansk Dette symbol gør Dem opmærksom på risikoen for ultraviolet stråling, som kan medføre
ødelæggelse af øjnene for Dem selv eller andre personer.
Detaljer vedrørende disse omstændigheder er indrammet på tilsvarende måde som
denne henvisning.

Deutsch Dieses Symbol warnt vor Gefahr durch UV-Strahlung, die bei Ihnen oder anderen
Personen zu Augenverletzungen führen können.
Einzelheiten darüber sind in einem Rahmen wie diesem angegeben.

español Este símbolo le advierte del peligro de que usted u otras personas sufran lesiones en los
ojos a consecuencia de la radiación ultravioleta.
En los recuadros como éste se proporciona información sobre este tipo de circunstancias.

français Ce symbole vous avertit d'un risque de rayonnement ultraviolet pouvant occasionner
des lésions oculaires à l'utilisateur ou à d'autres personnes.
Les détails sur ces circonstances sont données dans un encadré semblable à celui-ci.

italiano Questo simbolo vi mette in guardia da radiazione ultravioletta che può causare lesioni
agli occhi a voi stessi o ad altre persone.
Troverete informazioni su tali circostanze in un riquadro come questo.

Nederlands Dit symbool maakt U attent op het risico van ultraviolette straling dat tot verwondingen
voor Uzelf of anderen kan leiden.
Bijzonderheden over deze omstandigheden staan in een kader zoals dit.

português Este símbolo alerta para um risco de radiação ultravioleta que poderá causar
ferimentos aos olhos do usuário.
Detalhes referentes a estas circunstâncias encontram-se referidos numa caixa como
esta.

suomea Tämä symboli haluaa kiinnittää huomiotasi ultraviolettisäteilyn vaaraan, jonka

seurauksena voi olla silmävammat itsellesi tai muille henkilöille.
Yksityiskohtaisia tietoja tällaisista tapauksista on tämäntapaisessa ruudussa.

svenska Denna symbol används för situationer där det finns risk för ultraviolett strålning som kan
ge ögonskador om användaren inte följer anvisningarna.
Detaljerad information ges i en ruta som denna.

0993-5255 8-7
Translations of Warnings

Caution:
The term CAUTION alerts you to situations that could result in serious damage to the
instrument or other equipment.
Details about these circumstances are described in a message similar to this one.

dansk Bemærk:
Angivelsen CAUTION (BEMÆRK) gør Dem opmærksom på situationer, som kan medføre
alvorlig ødelæggelse af apparatet eller andet udstyr.
Detaljer vedrørende disse omstændigheder er beskrevet i henvisninger svarende til
denne.

Deutsch Achtung:
Der Ausdruck CAUTION (ACHTUNG) warnt vor Situationen, die eine ernste
Beschädigung des Geräts oder anderer Systemteile zur Folge haben können.
Einzelheiten darüber sind auf die gleiche Weise wie dieser Text hervorgehoben.

español Advertencia:
El término CAUTION (ADVERTENCIA) le previene de situacones que pueden provocar
averías graves en éste u otros equipos.
En los recuadros como éste se proporciona información sobre este tipo de circunstancias.

français Attention:
Le terme CAUTION (ATTENTION) vous signale des situations susceptibles de provoquer
de graves détériorations de l'instrument ou d'autre matériel.
Les détails sur ces circonstances figurent dans un message semblable à celui-ci.

8-8 0993-5255
 Translations of Warnings

=Caution (continued)
italiano Attenzione:
Con il termine CAUTION (ATTENZIONE) vi si mette in guardia da situazioni che possono
comportare il serio danneggiamento della strumentazione o di altre apparecchiature.
Troverete informazioni su tali circostanze in un riquadro come questo.

Nederlands Let op:

De term CAUTION (LET OP) maakt U attent op situaties die tot ernstige beschadigingen
aan het instrument of andere apparaten kunnen leiden.
Bijzonderheden over deze omstandigheden worden beschreven in een mededeling gelijk
aan.

português Atenção:
O termo CAUTION (ATENÇÃO) alerta para situações que poderão causar danificação
do aparelho.
Detalhes referentes a estas circunstâncias encontram-se referidos numa caixa como
esta.

suomea Huomio:
CAUTION (HUOMIO) haluaa kiinnittää huomiotasi tilanteisiin, joiden seurauksena voi olla
laitteen tai muiden varusteiden vakava vaurioituminen.
Tällaiset tapaukset selostetaan yksityiskohtaisesti tämäntapaisessa huomautuksessa.

svenska Observera:
Termen CAUTION (OBSERVERA) skall göra användaren uppmärksam på att apparaten
eller annan utrustning kan ta allvarlig skada om anvisningarna inte följs. Detaljerad
information ges i en ruta som denna.

0993-5255 8-9
Translations of Warnings

W1.2
Warning: Unauthorized Adjustments and Servicing
Only a PerkinElmer service engineer or similarly trained and authorized person should be
permitted to service the instrument.
• Do not attempt to make adjustments, replacements, repairs, or modifications to this
instrument except as described in the documentation supplied with the instrument.

dansk Advarsel: Ikke-tilladte indstillinger og arbejder på apparatet

Vedligeholdelse af apparatet er kun tilladt for PerkinElmer kundeservice-ingeniøren eller
tilsvarende uddannede og autoriserede personer.
• Prøv ikke på at foretage indstillinger, udskiftninger, reparationer eller ændringer af
apparatet, som ikke er beskrevet i den dokumentation, der er vedlagt apparatet.

Deutsch Warnung: Unzulässige Arbeiten am Gerät

Wartungs- oder Reparaturarbeiten oder Justierungen, die in der Benutzerdokumentation
zum Gerät nicht beschrieben sind, dürfen nur vom PerkinElmer Kundendienst oder von
entsprechend ausgebildeten und autorisierten Fachkräften ausgeführt werden.

español Advertencia: Ajustes y servicios sin autorización

Tan sólo un ingeniero de Servicio Técnico de PerkinElmer o una persona de formación y
autorización similares podrán realizar trabajos de revisión y mantenimiento del
instrumento.
• No intente realizar ningún tipo de ajuste, sustitución o reparación en este aparato, a
excepción de lo descrito en la Documentación del Usuario que se adjunta.

français Danger: Réglages et entretien non autorisés

Seul un ingénieur du service après vente PerkinElmer ou une personne autorisée et de
même formation sont autorisées à intervenir sur l'instrument.
• Ne pas essayer d'effectuer des réglages, des remplacements, des réparations ou des
modifications sur cet instrument d'une manière autre que celle décrite dans la
documentation fournie avec l'instrument.

8-10 0993-5255
 Translations of Warnings

=Warning (continued) W1.2

italiano Pericolo: Regolazioni e manutenzione non autorizzati

L'asservimento dello strumento è permesso esclusivamente ad un tecnico di assistenza
della PerkinElmer oppure da simile persona addestrata e autorizzata.
• Non provare ad eseguire regolazioni, sostituzioni, riparazioni o modifiche a questo
strumento se non come descritto nella documentazione allegata allo strumento.

Nederlands Waarschuwing: Ongeautoriseerde aanpassingen en service

Alleen een PerkinElmer service-monteur of een gelijksoortig opgeleid en geautoriseerd
persoon mag service verlenen aan het instrument.
• Probeer niet zelf aanpassingen aan dit instrument aan te brengen, het te repareren of
te veranderen behalve zoals beschreven in de documentatie die bij het instrument
geleverd is.

português Aviso: Trabalhos não permitidos no aparelho

Trabalhos de manutenção apenas podem ser executados pelo Serviço Técnico da
PerkinElmer ou por pessoal especializado devidamente formado e autorizado.
• Não tente realizar ajustamentos, substituições, reparações ou modificações neste
aparelho que não estejam descritos na documentação fornecida com o aparelho.

suomea Varo: Luvattomat säätö - ja huoltotyöt

Laitteen huoltotyöt saa antaa vain PerkinElmer -huoltoteknikoiden tai vastaavasti
koulutettujen ja valtuutettujen henkilöiden tehtäväksi.
• Älä tee muita säätö-, vaihto-, korjaus- tai muutostöitä tässä laitteessa kuin sellaisia,
jotka on selostettu laitteen mukana toimitetussa dokumentaatiossa.

svenska Varning: Icke tillåtna arbeten på apparaten

Endast servicepersonal från PerkinElmer eller personal med liknande utbildning och
behörighet får utföra servicearbeten på apparaten.
• Underhålls- eller reparationsarbeten, justeringar eller ändringar som inte finns
beskrivna i användarmanualen till apparaten får inte utföras.

0993-5255 8-11
Translations of Warnings

8-12 0993-5255
 Translations of Warnings

W1.3
Warning: Explosive Atmosphere
This instrument is not designed for operation in an explosive atmosphere.

dansk Advarsel: Eksplosive omgivelser

Dette apparat er ikke konstrueret til brug i eksplosive omgivelser.

Deutsch Warnung: Explosionsfähige Atmosphären

Das Gerät darf nicht in explosionsfähigen Atmosphären betrieben werden.

español Advertencia: Atmósfera explosiva

Este aparato no está diseñado para utilizarlo en atmósferas explosivas.

français Danger: Atmosphère explosive

Cet instrument n'est pas conçu pour fonctionner dans une atmosphère explosive.

italiano Pericolo: Atmosfera esplosiva

Questo strumento non è concepito per operare in atmosfera esplosiva.

Nederlands Waarschuwing: Explosiegevaarlijke omgevingen

Dit instrument mag niet in een explosiegevaarlijke omgeving gebruikt worden.

português Aviso: Atmosferas explodíveis

O aparelho não pode ser utilizado em atmosferas explodíveis.

suomea Varo: Räjähdysvaarallinen ympäristö

Tätä laitetta ei saa käyttää räjähdysvaarallisessa ympäristössä.

svenska Varning: Explosiv atmosfär

Apparaten är inte avsedd att användas i explosionsfarliga miljöer.

0993-5255 8-13
Translations of Warnings

W1.4
Warning: Risk of injury through lifting
The instrument weighs approximately 150 kg.
Improper lifting can cause painful and sometimes permanent back injury.
• Use proper lifting techniques to lift or move the instrument.
dansk Advarsel: Risiko for kvæstelser ved at løfte
Apparatet vejer omtrent 150 kg.
Hvis det løftes forkert, kan det forårsage smertefulde og til tider permanente rygskader.
• Benyt korrekte løfteanordninger til at løfte eller flytte apparatet.
Deutsch Warnung: Verletzungsgefahr durch Heben einer schweren Last
Das Gerät hat eine Masse von ca. 150 kg.
Falsches Anheben kann schmerzhafte und unter Umständen bleibende Rückenschäden
zur Folge haben.
• Wenden Sie zum Anheben oder Bewegen des Geräts nur geeignete Techniken an.
español Advertencia: Peligro de lesiones por alzamiento
El aparato pesa 150 kg aproximadamente.
Si lo alza de manera indebida puede sufrir usted lesiones dolorosas y en ciertos casos
permanentes en la espalda.
• Aplique técnicas apropiadas para alzar o mover el aparato.
français Danger: Risque de blessure lors de la manutention
L'instrument pèse environ 150 kg.
Une manipulation incorrecte peut entraîner des douleurs au dos risquant de perdurer.
• Utiliser des techniques de levage appropriées pour lever ou déplacer l'instrument.


8-14 0993-5255
 Translations of Warnings

=Warning (continued) W1.4

italiano Pericolo: Rischio di infortunio in caso di sollevamento

Lo strumento pesa all'incirca 150 kg.
Se sollevato senza le dovute precauzioni è possibile che si causino dolorosi e permanenti
infortuni alla schiena.
• Muovere o sollevare lo strumento utilizzando le oopportune tecniche di sollevamento
e di spostamento.

Nederlands Waarschuwing: Kans op letsel door optillen

Het instrument weegt ongeveery 150 kg.
Op een onjuiste manier tillen kan tot pijnlijk en soms permanent rugletsel leiden.
• Til of verzet het instrument op de juiste manier.
português Aviso: Risco de ferimento ao levantar o aparelho
O aparelho pesa aprox. 150 kg.
O seu levantamento incorrecto poderá causar ferimentos dolorosos e por vezes
permanentes nas costas.
• Use meios de levantamento adequados para levantar ou movimentar o aparelho.
suomea Varo: Loukkaantumisvaara laitetta nostettaessa
Laite painaa noin 150 kg.
Epäasianmukaisesta nostamisesta voi olla seurauksena kivuliaat ja mahdollisesti pysyvät
selkävammat.
• Käytä asianmukaista nostotekniikkaa laitteen nostamisessa ja siirtämisessä.
svenska Varning: Risk för personskada vid lyft
Apparaten väger ca 150 kg.
Felaktiga lyft kan ge svåra och ibland bestående ryggskador.
• Använd rätt lyftteknik när apparaten skall lyftas eller flyttas.

0993-5255 8-15
Translations of Warnings

W2.1
Warning: Electrical Hazard
Any interruption of the protective conductor inside or outside the instrument or
disconnection of the protective conductor (earth/ground) terminal is likely to make the
instrument dangerous.
Intentional interruption is prohibited.
Lethal voltages are present in the instrument
– Even with the power switch off, line power voltages can still be present within the
instrument.
– When the instrument is connected to line power, terminals may be live, and opening
covers or removing parts (except those to which access can be gained without use of
a tool) is likely to expose live parts.
– Capacitors inside the instrument may still be charged even if the instrument has been
disconnected from all voltage sources.

dansk Advarsel: Fare på grund af elektricitet

Enhver afbrydelse af beskyttelseslederen inde i eller udenpå apparatet eller fjernelse af
beskyttelseslederen (jord/stel) kan gøre apparatet farligt.
Bevidst afbrydelse er forbudt.
Der er livsfarlige spændinger i apparatet
– Selv når hovedafbryderen er slået fra, kan der stadig være
netstrømsspændinger inde i apparatet.
– Når apparatet er tilsluttet til strømnettet, kan enhederne være spændingsførende;
hvis man åbner afskærmninger eller fjerner dele (bortset fra de dele, man kan komme
frem til uden brug af værktøj), kan spændingsførende dele blive blottet.
– Selv når apparatet er slukket, og strømforbindelsen er afbrudt,
kan kondensatorerne i apparatet være ladet med farlig spænding.

Deutsch Warnung: Gefährdung durch Elektrizität

Das Gerät muß zum Betrieb immer geerdet sein. Auf keinen Fall die Schutzleiter im Gerät
oder in der Netzzuleitung trennen oder entfernen.
Gefährliche Spannung im Gerät
– Auch in ausgeschaltetem Zustand kann an einigen Stellen im Gerät Netzspannung
anliegen, wenn das Gerät am Stromnetz angeschlossen ist.
– Auch bei ausgeschaltetem Gerät und getrennter Netzverbindung können
Kondensatoren im Gerät noch mit gefährlicher Spannung geladen sein.

8-16 0993-5255
 Translations of Warnings

=Warning (continued) W2.1

español Advertencia: Peligro eléctrico

Cualquier interrupción del conductor de protección dentro o fuera del aparato, o la
desconexión del terminal del mismo (toma de tierra) pueden ocasionar serios peligros al
manejar el equipo.
Prohibida la interrupción intencionada.
En el aparato existen voltajes letales
– Incluso con el interruptor desconectado puede haber voltaje dentro del equipo.
– Cuando el aparato se encuentre conectado a la red eléctrica, los terminales pueden
estar bajo corriente y éstos quedar expuestos al abrir las cubiertas o al extraer
componentes (exceptuando aquellos a los cuales se puede acceder con la mano).
– Los condensadores internos del aparato pueden permanecer cargados incluso
cuando el aparato haya sido desconectado del voltaje de línea.

français Danger: Risque d'électrocution

Toute interruption du conducteur de protection à l'intérieur ou à l'extérieur de l'instrument
ou déconnexion du raccord du conducteur de protection (terre) peut rendre l'instrument
dangereux.
Il est interdit d'interrompre volontairement ce conducteur.
Tensions résiduelles mortelles dans l'instrument
– Même lorsque l'interrupteur est sur arrêt, des tension résiduelles peuvent encore être
présentes dans l'instrument.
– Lorsque l'instrument est relié au secteur, les raccords peuvent être sous tension, et
des parties sous tension peuvent être découvertes en ouvrant des capots ou en
retirant des pièces (à l'exception de celles auxquelles il est possible d'accéder
manuellement).
– Les condensateurs contenus dans l'instrument peuvent encore être chargés, même
si l'instrument a été déconnecté de toutes sources de tension.

italiano Pericolo: Rischio di folgorazione

Qualsiasi interruzione del conduttore di protezione all'interno o all'esterno dello strumento
o il suo scollegamento (terra) può rendere pericoloso lo strumento. Qualsiasi interruzione
intenzionale è proibita.
All'interno dellos trumento sono presenti tensioni mortali
– Anche se l'interruttore principale è spento è possibile che all'interno dello strumento
siano presenti tensioni simili a quelle di rete.
– Quando lo strumento è collegato alla rete elettrica è possibile che i terminali siano
lucidi e scoperti; aprendo i coperchi protettivi o staccando dei componenti (fatta
eccezione per quelli a cui è possibile accedere senza l'uso di utensili) è possibile
esporre parti lucide.
– Anche dopo che lo strumento è stato scollegato da qualsiasi sorgente di tensione è
possibile che i condensatori all'interno dello strumento siano carichi.

0993-5255 8-17
Translations of Warnings

=Warning (continued) W2.1

Nederlands Waarschuwing: Risico’s door electriciteit

Het instrument moet voor de werking altijd geaard zijn. In geen geval mag de aarding van
het instrument of de netvoeding worden onderbroken of worden verwijderd.
Er zijn dodelijke voltages in het instrument aanwezig
– Ook in uitgeschakelde toestand kan, wanneer het instrument op de netvoeding is
aangesloten, op sommige plaatsen in het instrument netspanning staan.
– Als het instrument aan lijnvoeding is aangesloten, kan er nog steeds op sommige
aansluitpunten netspanning staan, en door het openen van deksels of het verwijderen
van onderdelen (behalve die waartoe men toegang heeft zonder gereedschap te
gebruiken) kunnen onderdelen die onder spanning staan tevoorschijn komen.
– Ook bij uitgeschakeld instrument en in een onderbroken netvoeding kunnen
condensatoren in het instrument nog een gevaarlijke lading bevatten.

português Aviso: Perigo por electricidade

Qualquer interrupção dos condutores de protecção à terra no interior ou exterior do
aparelho ou o desligamento do condutor de protecção à terra
(terra/massa) tornará o aparelho perigoso.
Qualquer interrupção deliberada é proibida.
Tensão perigosa no aparelho
– Mesmo desligado, o aparelho poderá ainda ter tensão de rede em alguns pontos
enquanto estiver ligado à rede de corrente.
– Enquanto o aparelho estiver ligado à alimentação de corrente os terminais podem
estar sob corrente, e o abrir de coberturas ou o retirar de peças (excepto aquelas às
quais se pode ter acesso sem ter de usar ferramenta) poderá expor peças sob
corrente.
– Mesmo com o aparelho desligado e a ligação à rede de corrente interrompida, os
condensadores dentro do aparelho ainda poderão ter uma tensão perigosa aplicada.

8-18 0993-5255
 Translations of Warnings

=Warning (continued) W2.1

suomea Varo: Vaarana sähkö

Jos suojajohdin keskeytetään laitteen sisä- tai ulkopuolella tai
suojajohtimen liitin (maadoitus) irrotetaan, laitteesta tulee vaarallinen.
Suojajohtimen tahallinen keskeytys on kielletty.
Laitteessa on hengenvaarallista jännitettä.
– Vaikka pääkytkin olisikin kytketty pois päältä, laitteessa voi olla vielä
paikoittain varautunutta verkkovirtajännitettä.
– Verkkovirtaan liitetyn laitteen liittimissä voi olla jännitettä. Jos suojakannet avataan tai
osia poistetaan, tällöin voidaan joutua kosketukseen jännitettä johtavien osien kanssa
(poikkeuksena osat, joihin pääsee käsiksi ilman työkaluja).
– Laitteen sisässä olevat kondensaattorit voivat olla vielä varautuneita,
vaikka laite olisikin kytketty irti kaikista jännitelähteistä.

svenska Varning: Fara p g a elektricitet

Apparaten skall alltid vara jordad.
Man får inte under några omständigheter bryta eller avlägsna jordledaren i apparaten eller
strömkretsen.
Livsfarlig spänning i apparaten
– Även när apparaten är avstängd kan nätspänning förekomma inuti apparaten.
– När apparaten är ansluten till elnätet kan uttagen i apparaten vara spänningsförande.
Om man öppnar höljen eller tar bort delar (förutom de som är åtkomliga utan verktyg)
kan spänningsförande delar bli åtkomliga.
– Även när apparaten är avstängd och skild från elnätet kan kondensatorerna i
apparaten vara laddade med farlig spänning.

0993-5255 8-19
Translations of Warnings

W2.3
Warning: Electrical Hazard
 To prevent potential injury to yourself and damage to the instrument, switch OFF all
instruments in the system and disconnect them from the line power supply before you
perform the procedures described below.
dansk Advarsel: Fare på grund af elektricitet
 For at undgå faren for kvæstelser for Dem selv og faren for beskadigelse af apparatet,
skal alle apparater i systemet være SLUKKET, og strømforbindelsen skal være skilt,
inden De udfører de arbejder, som er beskrevet nedenfor.
Deutsch Warnung: Gefährdung durch Elektrizität
 Um Verletzungsgefahr durch elektrische Spannung und Beschädigungsgefahr der
Geräte zu vermeiden, schalten Sie alle Geräte des Meßplatzes AUS und trennen Sie
die Netzverbindungen, bevor Sie irgendwelche elektrischen Verbindungen herstellen
oder ändern.
español Advertencia: Peligro eléctrico
 Para evitar posibles daños personales y al equipo, apague todos los módulos del
sistema y desconéctelos de la toma de corriente antes de ejecutar las operaciones
descritas más abajo.
français Danger: Risque d'électrocution
 Afin d'éviter des blessures éventuelles et des détériorations de l'instrument, mettre
tous les instruments du système hors tension et les déconnecter de l'alimentation
secteur avant d'exécuter les procédures décrites ci-après.

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 Translations of Warnings

=Warning (continued) W2.3

italiano Pericolo: Rischio di folgorazione

 Prima di procedere alle operazioni descritte sotto , per prevenire lesioni personali o
danni allo strumento, spegnete tutti gli strumenti all'interno del sistema e scollegateli
dall'alimentazione elettrica.
Nederlands Waarschuwing: Risico’s door electriciteit
 Om gevaar voor letsel aan Uzelf en beschadiging aan het instrument te voorkomen,
schakelt U voordat U de handelingen verricht die hieronder zijn beschreven, alle
instrumenten UIT en ontkoppelt U de netvoeding.
português Aviso: Perigo por electricidade
 A fim de evitar o perigo de ferimento por tensão eléctrica e o perigo de danificação dos
aparelhos, DESLIGUE todos os aparelhos do sistema e interrompa as ligações à rede
antes de realizar os trabalhos seguidamente referidos.
suomea Varo: Vaarana sähkö
 Jotta loukkaantumisilta ja laitevaurioilta vältytään, kytke kaikki järjestelmän laitteet
POIS PÄÄLTÄ ja erota ne verkkovirrasta, ennen kuin suoritat jäljempänä selostettuja
toimenpiteitä.
svenska Varning: Fara p g a elektricitet
 För att undvika eventuella personskador och skador på apparaten skall samtliga
apparater stängas AV och skiljas från elnätet innan du utför något av nedanstående
arbeten.

0993-5255 8-21
Translations of Warnings

W2.9
Warning: Electrical Hazard
 Use only fuses with the correct current rating and of the specified type for replacement.
 Do not use makeshift fuses and do not short-circuit the fuse holders.

dansk Advarsel: Fare på grund af elektricitet

 Sikringerne må kun udskiftes med sikringer med den korrekte spændingsstyrke og af
den angivne type.
 Benyt ikke nødsikringer, og undlad at kortslutte sikringsholderne.
Deutsch Warnung: Gefährdung durch elektrischen Strom
 Verwenden Sie nur Sicherungen des gleichen Typs und mit der angegebenen
Belastbarkeit.
 Verwenden Sie keine Behelfssicherung und schließen Sie nicht den Sicherungshalter
kurz.
español Advertencia: Peligro eléctrico
 Utilice únicamente fusibles con el amperaje correcto y con el tipo especificado para su
reemplazo.
 No use fusibles improvisados ni cortocircuite los portafusibles.
français Danger: Risque d'électrocution
 N'utiliser pour le remplacement que des fusibles d'ampérage correct et de type
spécifié.
 Ne pas utiliser de fusibles provisoires et ne pas court-circuiter les porte-fusibles.

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=Warning (continued) W2.9

italiano Pericolo: Rischio di folgorazione

 Se necessario sostituirli, utilizzare esclusivamente fusibili di corretto tipo e valore.
 Non utilizzare fusibili di fattura artigianale e non cortocircuitare i tienifusibili.
Nederlands Waarschuwing: Risico’s door electriciteit
 Gebruik ter vervanging alleen zekeringen met het juiste stroombereik en van het
aangegeven soort.
 Gebruik geen noodzekeringen en sluit de zekeringhouders niet kort.
português Aviso: Perigo por electricidade
 Ao substituí-los, use apenas fusíveis com a amperagem correcta e do tipo
especificado.
 Não use fusíveis provisórios e não curto-circuite os porta-fusíveis.
suomea Varo: Vaarana sähkö
 Käytä vaihtosulakkeina vain sulakkeita, jotka on mitoitettu oikealle virran
voimakkuudelle ja joiden tyyppi on ohjeiden mukainen.
 Älä käytä apusulakkeita äläkä oikosulje sulakealustoja.
svenska Varning: Fara p g a elektricitet
 Använd endast rätt typ av säkringar med korrekt strömvärde vid byte.
 Använd inte provisoriska säkringar och kortslut inte säkringshållaren.

0993-5255 8-23
Translations of Warnings

W3.1
Warning: UV Radiation – Risk of Eye Damage
The lamps may emit UV radiation which can damage your eyes.
 Do not gaze into a lighted lamp.
 Always wear UV-absorbing safety glasses when looking at the radiation from the
lamps.
dansk Advarsel: Ultraviolet stråling – farligt for øjnene
Lamperne kan emittere ultraviolet stråling, som kan forårsage øjenskader.
 Se ikke direkte ind i en tændt lampe.
 Bær altid beskyttelsesbriller, som absorberer ultraviolet stråling, når De ser ind i den
den lysende strålingskilde.
Deutsch Warnung: UV-Strahlung – Gefährdung der Augen
Die Lampen emittieren UV-Strahlung in unterschiedlicher Stärke und können dadurch
Augenschäden verursachen.
 Nicht mit ungeschützten Augen direkt in die leuchtenden Lampen schauen.
 Tragen Sie eine Schutzbrille, die die emittierte UV-Strahlung ausreichend absorbiert,
wenn Sie in die leuchtende Lampe schauen.
español Advertencia: Radiación ultravioleta – Peligro de daños a los ojos
Las lámparas pueden emitir una intensa radiación ultravioleta que puede ser perjudicial
para los ojos.
 No dirija la vista a una lámpara encendida.
 Use siempre gafas de seguridad que absorban este tipo de rayos.
français Danger: Rayonnement UV
Les lampes peuvent émettre des UV susceptibles de provoquer des lésions oculaires.
 Ne pas regarder fixement une lampe allumée.
 Toujours porter des lunettes de protection absorbant les UV pour regarder le
rayonnement des lampes.

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=Warning (continued) W3.1

italiano Pericolo: Radiazioni UV – Rischio di lesioni agli occhi

Le lampade possono emettere radiazioni UV che possono lesionare gli occhi.
 Non guardare direttamente in una lampada accesa.
 Se guardate una lampada accesa indossate sempre occhiali di sicurezza in grado di
assorbire le radiazioni UV.
Nederlands Waarschuwing: Ultraviolette straling – Risico’s voor de ogen
De lampen kunnen UV-straling uitzenden die Uw ogen kan beschadigen.
 Staar niet in een brandende lamp.
 Draag altijd een veiligheidsbril die ultraviolette straling absorbeert wanneer U in de
brandende stralingsbron moet kijken.
português Aviso: Radiação UV – perigo para os olhos
As lâmpadas emitem uma radiação UV com intensidades diferentes podendo assim
provocar ferimentos aos olhos.
 Não olhar directamente para uma lâmpada acesa.
 Use sempre óculos de protecção que absorvam suficientemente a radiação UV
emitida ao olhar directamente para a fonte de radiação luminosa.
suomea Varo: UV-säteily – silmävammojen vaara
Lamput saattavat lähettää UV-säteilyä, joka voi vahingoittaa silmiä.
 Älä tuijota valaistuun lamppuun.
 Käytä aina UV-säteilyltä suojaavia suojasilmälaseja, kun katsot lampuista lähtevää
säteilyä kohti.
svenska Varning: UV-strålning – risk för ögonskador
Strålningskällorna/lamporna alstrar UV-strålning som kan ge ögonskador.
 Titta inte in i en tänd strålningskälla/lampa.
 Använd alltid skyddsglasögon som absorberar UV-strålar när du tittar in i en tänd
strålningskälla/lampa.

0993-5255 8-25
Translations of Warnings

W4.2
Warning: High Temperatures – Risk of Burns
The burner head can reach very high temperatures.
 Do not touch the burner head until it has cooled to room temperature.

dansk Advarsel: Høje temperaturer – Fare for forbrændinger

Brænderhovedet kan opnå meget høje temperaturer.
 Berør aldrig brænderhovedet, før det er kølet ned til stuetemperatur.
Deutsch Warnung: Verbrennungsgefahr
 Den heißen Brennerkopf nur mit hitzebeständigen Schutzhandschuhen anfassen oder
vor dem Anfassen auf Körpertemperatur abkühlen lassen.
español Advertencia: Altas temperaturas – Riesgo de quemaduras
La cabeza del mechero puede alcanzar temperaturas muy altas.
 Asegúrese, antes de tocar el mechero, que éste se haya enfriado hasta alcanzar la
temperatura ambiente.
français Danger: Températures élevées – Risque de brûlures
La tête de brûleur peut atteindre de très hautes températures.
 Ne pas toucher la tête de brûleur avant qu'elle ait refroidi à la température ambiante.
italiano Pericolo: Alte temperature – Rischio di ustioni
La testa del bruciatore può raggiungere temperature estremamente elevate.
 Non toccare la testa del bruciatore sino a che non si è raffreddato sino a raggiungere
temperatura ambiente.
Nederlands Waarschuwing: Hoge temperaturen – Verbrandingsgevaar
De branderkop kan zeer hoge temperaturen bereiken.
 Raak de branderkop pas aan als hij tot kamertemperatuur is afgekoeld.
português Aviso: Altas temperaturas – perigo de queimaduras
A cabeça do queimador pode alcançar temperaturas muito altas.
 Não toque na cabeça do queimador até ter alcançado a temperatura.
suomea Varo: Korkeat lämpötilat – palovammavaara
Polttimen pää voi saavuttaa korkeita lämpötiloja.
 Älä kosketa polttimen päätä, ennen kuin se on jäähtynyt
huoneenlämpötilaan.
svenska Varning: Höga temperaturer – risk för brännskador
Brännaren kan nå mycket höga temperaturer.
 Vidrör inte brännarmunstycket förrän det har svalnat till rumstemperatur.

8-26 0993-5255
 Translations of Warnings

W4.3
Warning: High Temperatures – Risk of Burns
The graphite furnace can generate very high temperatures.
 Do not touch any parts of the furnace, especially the graphite components, until they
have cooled to room temperature.
dansk Advarsel: Høje temperaturer – Fare for forbrændinger
Grafitovnen kan udvikle meget høje temperaturer.
 Berør aldrig nogen af ovnens dele, især ikke grafitdelene, før de er kølet ned til
stuetemperatur.
Deutsch Warnung: Verbrennungsgefahr
 Vergewissern Sie sich, daß der Ofen auf Raumtemperatur abgekühlt ist, bevor Sie Ihn
anfassen oder öffnen.
español Advertencia: Altas temperaturas – Riesgo de quemaduras
El horno de grafito puede alcanzar temperaturas muy altas.
 Asegúrese, antes de tocar cualquier parte del horno, sobre todo sus componentes de
grafito, de que éste se haya enfriado hasta alcanzar la temperatura ambiente.
français Danger: Températures élevées – Risque de brûlures
Le four en graphite peut générer de très hautes températures.
 Ne toucher aucun des éléments du four, en particulier les composants en graphite,
avant qu'ils n'aient refroidi à la température ambiante.
italiano Pericolo: Alte temperature – Rischio di ustioni
Il forno a grafite può generare temperature estremamente elevate.
 Non toccare nessun componente del forno, soprattutto i componenti in grafite, sino a
che essi non si sono raffreddati sino a raggiungere temperatura ambiente.
Nederlands Waarschuwing: Hoge temperaturen – Verbrandingsgevaar
De grafietoven kan zeer hoge tenperaturen bereiken.
 De oven en in het bijzonder de grafietonderdelen pas aanraken als ze tot
kamertemperatuur afgekoeld zijn.
português Aviso: Altas temperaturas – perigo de queimaduras
O forno de grafite pode alcançar temperaturas muito elevadas.
 Não toque em nenhuma peça do forno, especialmente nos componentes de grafite,
até terem alcançado a temperatura ambiente.
suomea Varo: Korkeat lämpötilat – palovammavaara
Grafiittiuuni voi kehittää erittäin korkeita lämpötiloja.
 Älä kosketa mitään uunin osia, tämä koskee erityisesti grafiittikomponentteja, ennen
kuin ne ovat jäähtyneet huoneenlämpötilaan.
svenska Varning: Höga temperaturer – risk för brännskador
Grafitugnen kan nå mycket höga temperaturer.
 Vidrör inte ugnen och framför allt inte grafitdelarna förrän de svalnat till
rumstemperatur.

0993-5255 8-27
Translations of Warnings

W5.7
Warning: Acetylene – Explosion Hazard
Acetylene can decompose explosively at pressures higher than 103 kPa / 1.03 bar /
15 psig.
 Always make sure that the acetylene outlet gauge pressure is below this value.
dansk Advarsel: Acetylen – Eksplosionsfare
Acetylen kan nedbrydes eksplosionsagtigt ved tryk over 103 kPa / 1.03 bar / 15 psig.
 Forvis Dem altid om, at acetylen-udgangsmåletrykket ligger under denne værdi.
Deutsch Warnung: Acetylen – Explosionsgefahr
 Stellen Sie für Acetylen keinen höheren Ausgangsdruck als 103 kPa (1,03 bar) ein. Bei
höheren Drücken kann Acetylen spontan zerfallen und explodieren.
español Advertencia: Acetileno – Peligro de explosión
El acetileno puede descomponerse y ocasionar explosiones a presiones superiores a
103 kPa / 1.03 bar / 15 psig.
 Tenga cuidado siempre de mantener la presión del manómetro de acetileno por
debajo de este valor.
français Danger: Acétylène – Risque d'explosion
L'acétylène peut se décomposer de manière explosive à des pressions supérieures à
103 kPa / 1.03 bar / 15 psig.
 Toujours vérifier que la pression de l'acétylène sur le manomètre de sortie est
inférieure à cette valeur.

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=Warning (continued) W5.7

italiano Pericolo: Acetilene – Pericolo di esplosione

L'acetilene può decomporsi in maniera esplosiva a pressioni superiori a 103 kPa /
1.03 bar / 15 psig.
 Assicuratevi sempre che la lancetta del manometro di uscita dell'acetilene rimanga al
di sotto di tali valori.
Nederlands Waarschuwing: Acetyleen – Explosiegevaar
Acetyleen kan spontaan ontbinden bij een druk hoger dan 103 kPa / 1.03 bar / 15 psig.
 Zorg er altijd voor dat de druk van de acetyleen-uitlaatmeter niet boven deze waarde
uitkomt.
português Aviso: Acetileno – perigo de explosão
Se a pressão for superior a 103 kPa / 1.03 bar / 15 psig, o acetileno poderá desintegra-
se de repente e explodir.
 Assegure-se de que o manómetro de pressão de saída do acetileno indica sempre
uma pressão inferior a este valor.
suomea Varo: Asetyleeni – räjähdysvaara
Asetyleeni voi hajota räjähdyksenomaisesti, jos paine on suurempi kuin 103 kPa
(1.03 bar).
 Varmistu aina siitä, että asetyleenin lähtöpaine painemittarissa on alle tämän arvon.
svenska Varning: Acetylen – explosionrisk
Acetylen får inte utsättas för högre tryck än 103 kPa / 1,03 bar / 15 psig. Vid högre tryck
bryts acetylenet ned och kan explodera.
 Se till att utgångstrycket för acetylen ligger under detta värde.

0993-5255 8-29
Translations of Warnings

W5.9
Warning: Flashback Hazard
PerkinElmer burner systems are designed for use with compressed air. The use of
oxygen can cause an explosion in the burner system, and oxygen-enriched air can cause
a flashback of the flame.
 Never use oxygen or oxygen-enriched air with PerkinElmer burner systems. Use only
compressed air.
dansk Advarsel: Flammetilbagestød
PerkinElmer brændersystemer er beregnet til brug med trykluft. Brugen af ilt kan
forårsage en eksplosion i brændersystemet, og luft med ilttilsætning kan forårsage et
flammetilbagestød.
 Benyt aldrig ilt eller luft med ilttilsætning ved PerkinElmer brændersystemer. Benyt kun
trykluft.
Deutsch Warnung: Sauerstoff und mit Sauerstoff angereicherte Luft
 Verwenden Sie für PerkinElmer Brenner nur Druckluft.
Sauerstoff oder sogenannte ‘Atemluft’ sind nicht zulässig.
Bei Verwendung von Sauerstoff besteht Explosionsgefahr.
Mit Sauerstoff angereicherte Luft kann einen Flammenrückschlag verursachen.
español Advertencia: Peligro de retroceso de la llama
Los sistemas PerkinElmer de mecheros están diseñados para funcionar con aire
comprimido. El empleo de oxígeno puede ocasionar una explosión en el sistema de
mecheros y el aire enriquecido con oxígeno puede provocar la retrogresión de la llama.
 No use nunca oxígeno ni aire enriquecido con oxígeno al trabajar con sistemas de
mecheros PerkinElmer. Use siempre aire comprimido.
français Danger: Risque de retour de flamme
Les systèmes de brûleurs PerkinElmer sont conçus pour être utilisés avec de l'air
comprimé. L'utilisation d'oxygène peut provoquer une explosion dans le système de
brûleur, et l'air suroxygéné peut provoquer un retour de flamme.
 Ne jamais utiliser d'oxygène ou d'air suroxygéné avec les systèmes de brûleurs
PerkinElmer. N'utiliser que l'air comprimé.

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=Warning (continued) W5.9

italiano Pericolo: Pericolo di ritorno di fiamma

I sistemi di combustione della PerkinElmer sono concepiti per funzionare con aria
compressa. L'uso di ossigeno può causare l'esplosione del sistema di combustione
mentre aria arricchita di ossigeno può causare un violento ritorno di fiamma.
 Non utilizzare mai ossigeno o aria arricchita di ossigeno all'interno di sistemi di
combustione della PerkinElmer.
Nederlands Waarschuwing: Terugslag van de vlam
PerkinElmer brandersystemen zijn ontworpen voor gebruik met perslucht. Bij het gebruik
van zuurstof bestaat explosiegevaar in het brandersysteem, en zgn. ademlucht kan een
terugslaan van de vlam veroorzaken.
 Gebruik nooit zuurstof of zgn. ademlucht voor PerkinElmer brandersystemen. Gebruik
alleen perslucht.
português Aviso: Retrocesso da chama
Os sistemas de queimadores PerkinElmer são concebidos para o uso com ar
comprimido. O uso de oxigénio poderá causar uma explosão no sistema do queimador.
Ar enriquecido com oxigénio pode causar um retrocesso da chama.
 Nunca utilizar oxigénio ou ar enriquecido com oxigénio em sistemas de queimadores
PerkinElmer. Use unicamente ar comprimido.
suomea Varo: Vaarana liekin takaisinlyönti
PerkinElmer -poltinjärjestelmät on tarkoitettu käytettäviksi paineilmalla. Hapen käytöstä
voi seurata räjähdys poltinjärjestelmässä ja hapen rikastama ilma voi aiheuttaa liekin
takaisinlyönnin.
 Älä koskaan käytä happea tai hapella rikastettua ilmaa PerkinElmer -
poltinjärjestelmissä. Käytä ainoastaan paineilmaa.
svenska Varning: Risk för bakeld
PerkinElmers brännarsystem är avsedda för användning med tryckluft. Syre kan
framkalla explosioner i brännarsystemet och syreanrikad luft kan orsaka bakeld.
 Använd inte syre eller syreanrikad luft i PerkinElmers brännarsystem. Använd endast
tryckluft.

0993-5255 8-31
Translations of Warnings

W5.11
Warning: Acetylides – Fire and Explosion Hazard
Unstable acetylides may form in the spray chamber when you aspirate silver, copper or
mercury solutions into an air/acetylene flame. Acetylides can decompose explosively
when allowed to dry.
 Aspirate solution continuously to prevent residues from drying.
 Thoroughly flush the spray chamber and drain system with water immediately after
such an analysis.
dansk Advarsel: Acetyliddannelse – Eksplosions- og brandfare
Der kan dannes ustabilt acetylid i sprøjtekammeret ved indsugning af sølv-, kobber eller
kviksølvforbindelser i en luft/acetylen-flamme. Acetylid kan nedbrydes eksplosionsagtigt,
hvis det får lov at tørre.
 Opsug opløsningsmidlet konstant for at forhindre, at restindholdet tørrer.
 Skyl sprøjtekammeret grundigt med vand og tøm systemet umiddelbart efter en sådan
analyse.
Deutsch Warnung: Acetylidbildung – Explosions- und Brandgefahr
Silber-, Kupfer- und Quecksilberverbindungen können nach dem Einbringen in das
Brennersystem Acetylide bilden, die in trockenem Zustand explosionsartig zerfallen
können.
 Spülen Sie nach dem Einbringen von Lösungen mit hohen Silber-, Kupfer- oder
Quecksilbergehalten Brenner und Ablaufsystem gründlich mit entionisiertem Wasser
durch, um alle Lösungsreste sicher zu entfernen.
español Advertencia: Acetiloides – Peligro de incendio y explosión
Al aspirar soluciones de plata, cobre o mercurio en una llama de aire/acetileno pueden
formarse acetiloides inestables en la cámara de pulverización. Al secarse, los acetiloides
pueden descomponerse y ocasionar explosiones.
 Succione continuamente la solución para evitar que se sequen los residuos.
 Lave cuidadosamente con agua la cámara de pulverización y el sistema de drenaje
inmediatamente después de efectuar dicho análisis.
français Danger: Acétylures – Risque d'incendie et d'explosion
Des acétylures instables peuvent se former dans la chambre de pulvérisation lors de
l'aspiration de solutions d'argent, de cuivre ou de mercure dans une flamme d'air/
acétylène. Ces acétylures peuvent se décomposer de manière explosive si on les laisse
sécher.
 Aspirer la solution en continu pour empêcher les résidus de sécher.
 Rincer soigneusement la chambre de pulvérisation et vidanger le système avec de
l'eau immédiatement après une analyse de ce type.

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=Warning (continued) W5.11

italiano Pericolo: Acetiluri – Pericolo di incendio e di esplosione

Acetiluri instabili possono formarsi nella camera di nebulizzazione se aspirate soluzioni di
argento, rame o mercurio all'interno di una fiamma ad aria/acetilene. Se hanno la
possibilità di essiccarsi gli acetiluri possono decomporsi in maniera esplosiva.
 Aspirate le soluzioni in maniera continua per prevenire residui dovuti all'essiccazione.
 Lavate la camera di nebulizzazione e sciacquate con acqua il sistema dopo ogni simile
analisi.
Nederlands Waarschuwing: Vorming van Acetylide – Gevaar voor brand en explosie
Zilver-, koper- of kwikverbindingen kunnen na het inbrengen in het brandersysteem
acetylide vormen, dat in droge toestand kan ontbinden tot een explosief mengsel.
 Zuig voortdurend de oplossing af om te voorkomen dat de resten opdrogen.
 Spoel de verstuiverkamer en het afvoersysteem grondig met water direct nadat dat
geconstateerd is.
português Aviso: Formação de acetil – perigo de incêndio e de explosão
Podem formar-se acetilas instáveis na câmara de pulverização quando se aspira
soluções de prata, cobre ou mercúrio para uma chama de ar/acetileno. Em estado seco,
acetilas podem desintegrar-se numa explosão.
 Aspire a solução sem interrupção para evitar que os resíduos sequem.
 Após uma análise, enxaguar muito bem a câmara de pulverização e o sistema de
escoamento com água.
suomea Varo: Asetylidit – tulipalo- ja räjähdysvaara
Sumutuskammiossa voi muodostua epästabiileja asetylidejä, jos ilma/asetyleeni-liekkiin
sumutetaan hopea-, kupari- tai elohopeayhdisteitä.
Asetylidit voivat hajota räjähdyksenomaisesti, jos niiden annetaan kuivua.
 Sumuta liuotusainetta jatkuvasti, jotta jäänteet eivät kuivu.
 Huuhtele sumutuskammio ja poistojärjestelmä perusteellisesti vedellä välittömästi
tällaisen analyysin jälkeen.
svenska Varning: Acetylenider – explosions- och brandfara
Silver-, koppar- och kvicksilverföreningar kan bilda instabila acetylenider i brännaren när
de leds in i en luft/acetylenlåga. Acetyleniderna bryts ned och blir explosiva i torrt tillstånd.
 Sug upp vätskor med jämna mellanrum så att inga rester hinner torka.
 Skölj brännaren och avloppssystemet noggrant med vatten direkt efter analysprover
med dessa föreningar.

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Translations of Warnings

W6.1
Warning: Toxic Gases
If you use nitrogen as the inert gas, toxic cyanogen gas (CN)2 will be produced when the
furnace temperature is above 2300 °C.
 Make sure that the main laboratory fume ventilation system removes all gases and
fumes emitted by the furnace.
dansk Advarsel: Giftig forbrændingsgas
Ved anvendelse af kvælstof som inertgas dannes der giftig dicyan (CN)2 ved
ovntemperaturer over 2300 °C.
 Forvis Dem om, at hoved-udsugningsanlægget udsuger de forbrændingsgasser, som
emitteres af ovnen.
Deutsch Warnung: Giftiges Abgas
Bei Verwendung von Stickstoff als Inertgas bildet sich bei Ofentemperaturen über
2300 °C giftiges Dicyan (CN)2.
 Es muß sichergestellt sein, daß die aus dem Graphitofen austretenden Abgase von
der Haupt-Absauganlage sicher abgesaugt werdenΚ
español Advertencia: Gases tóxicos
Si se utiliza nitrógeno puro como gas inerte, al aumentar la temperatura del horno por
encima de 2300 °C se producirá gas cianógeno (CN)2, que es tóxico.
 Cerciórese de que el sistema principal de extracción de humos elimine todos los gases
y humos emitidos por el horno.
français Danger: Gaz toxiques
Si de l'azote est utilisé comme gaz inerte, du gaz cyanogène (CN)2 toxique se forme
lorsque la température du four dépasse 2300 °C.
 Vérifier que le système principal d'extraction des fumées élimine tous les gaz et
fumées émis par le four.

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 Translations of Warnings

=Warning (continued) W6.1

italiano Pericolo: Gas tossici

Se usate l'azoto quale gas inerte allora, quando il forno raggiunge temperature al di sopra
di 2300 °C, si formerà del gas cianogeno tossico (CN)2.
 Assicuratevi che l'impianto principale di estrazione fumi del laboratorio elimini tutti i gas
e le esalazioni emesse dal forno.
Nederlands Waarschuwing: Giftig afvoergas
Bij gebruik van stikstof als inertiegas wordt bij een oventemperatuur van meer dan
2300 °C het giftige dycyaan (CN)2 gevormd.
 Zorg ervoor dat alle gassen en dampen die uit de grafietoven komen, door de
hoofdafzuiging worden afgezogen.
português Aviso: Gás de escape venenoso
Ao utilizar nitrogénio como gás inerte a uma temperatura de forno superior a 2300 °C,
forma-se cianeto (CN)2 venenoso.
 Assegure-se de que os gases de escape que saem do forno são seguramente
aspirados pelo sistema exaustor principal.
suomea Varo: Myrkylliset kaasut
Jos käytät inerttikaasuna typpeä, syntyy myrkyllistä syaanikaasua (CN)2 , jos uunin
lämpötila on yli 2300 °C.
 Varmistu siitä, että laboratorion savunpoistojärjestelmä poistaa kaikki uunista lähtevät
kaasut ja savukaasut.
svenska Varning: Giftiga gaser
Om kväve används som inert gas bildas en giftig cyangas (CN)2 när ugnstemperaturen
överstiger 2300 C.
 Se till att utsugssystemet suger ut alla gaser och ångor som avges i ugnen.

0993-5255 8-35
Translations of Warnings

W6.5
Warning: Toxic Gases
Cyanide solutions release toxic hydrogen cyanide gas when they come into contact with
acids.
 Before you aspirate cyanide solutions, make sure that the liquid in the drain system is
alkaline – pH greater than 10 – to prevent toxic hydrogen cyanide gas from forming.
dansk Advarsel: Giftig gas
Cyanid-opløsninger frigør giftig cyanbrintegas, hvis de kommer i forbindelse med syrer.
 Inden indsugningen af cyanid-opløsninger skal man sikre sig at væsken i
afløbssystemet er alkalisk – pH over 10 – for at forhindre dannelsen af giftig
cyanbrintegas.
Deutsch Warnung: Giftiges Gas
Säuren setzen aus cyanidhaltigen Lösungen giftige Blausäure frei.
 Wenn Sie cyanidhaltige Lösungen messen möchten, zuvor den pH-Wert im
Ablaufsystem und der Abfallösung auf über 10 einstellen, um sicherzustellen, daß
keine Blausäure freigesetzt werden kann.
español Advertencia: Gases tóxicos
Las soluciones de cianuro emiten cianuro de hidrógeno, un gas tóxico, cuando entran en
contacto con ácidos.
 Antes de succionar soluciones de cianuro cerciórese de que el líquido en el sistema
de drenaje es alcalino – con un pH mayor de 10 – para impedir que se forme el gas
tóxico de cianuro de hidrógeno.
français Danger: Gaz toxiques
Les solutions cyanhydriques forment de l'acide cyanhydrique gazeux quand elles entrent
en contact avec des acides.
 Avant d'aspirer les solutions cyanhydriques, s'assurer que le liquide dans le système
d'évacuation est alcalin (pH supérieur à 10) afin d'empêcher la formation d'acide
cyanhydrique gazeux.

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=Warning (continued) W6.5

italiano Pericolo: Gas tossici

Le soluzioni di cianuro emettono del tossico idrogenato di cianuro se esse vengono a
contatto con degli acidi.
 Prima di aspirare soluzioni di cianuro assicuratevi che il liquido nel sistema di
drenaggio sia alcalino (pH maggiore di 10) per prevenire la formazione di tossico
idrogenato di cianuro.
Nederlands Waarschuwing: Giftige gassen
Uit cyanide oplossingen komen giftige waterstofcyanidegassen vrij bij contact met zuren.
 Voordat cyanide oplossingen afgezogen worden, ervoor zorgen dat de vloeistof in het
afvoersysteem uit alkali bestaat – pH hoger dan 10 – om te voorkomen dat giftig
waterstofcyanidegas gevormd wordt.
português Aviso: Gás de escape venenoso
Em contacto com ácidos, as soluções de cianeto liberam gás cianídrico tóxico.
 Antes de aspirar soluções de cianeto, assegure-se de que o líquido no sistema de
escoamento é alcalino – valor pH superior a 10 – para evitar a formação de gás
cianídrico tóxico.
suomea Varo: Myrkylliset kaasut
Jos syanidiliuokset joutuvat kosketukseen happojen kanssa, niistä vapautuu myrkyllistä
sinihappokaasua.
 Ennen kuin sumutat syanidiliuoksia, varmistu siitä, että poistojärjestelmässä oleva
neste on alkalista – pH suurempi kuin 10 –, jotta myrkyllistä sinihappokaasua ei pysty
muodostumaan.
svenska Varning: Giftiga gaser
Cyanlösningar avger en giftig vätecyanidgas när de kommer i kontakt med syror.
 Se till att vätskan i avloppssystemet är alkalisk och att pH-värdet är högre än 10. På så
sätt kan inga giftiga vätecyanidgaser bildas.

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Translations of Warnings

W8.10
Warning: Hazardous Chemicals
Some chemicals used with this instrument may be hazardous or may become hazardous
after completion of an analysis.
 The responsible body must take the necessary precautions to ensure that the
surrounding workplace is safe and that instrument operators are not exposed to
hazardous levels of toxic substances (chemical or biological) as defined in the
applicable national, state, and local health and safety regulations and laws.
 Venting for fumes and disposal of wastes must be in accordance with all national, state,
and local health and safety regulations and laws.
dansk Advarsel: Farlige kemikalier
Nogle kemikalier, som anvendes med dette apparat, kan være farlige eller kan blive
farlige efter færdiggørelsen af en analyse.
 De ansvarlige skal sørge for de nødvendige forholdsregler til sikring af, at den
omgivende arbejdsplads er sikker, og at apparatets operatører ikke udsættes for
farlige mængder af giftige substanser (kemiske eller biologiske) i overensstemmelse
med de nationale, statslige og stedlige sundheds- og sikkerhedsforskrifter og love.
 Udluftning af forbrændingsgas og bortskaffelse af affald skal opfylde alle nationale,
statslige og stedlige sundheds- og sikkerhedsforskrifter og love.
Deutsch Warnung: Gefährliche Stoffe
Manche Chemikalien, die beim Betrieb des Geräts benutzt werden müssen, sind
gefährlich oder bilden durch Umsetzungen während des Analysenverfahrens gefährliche
Folgeverbindungen.
 Der Betreiber des Geräts muß die erforderlichen Vorkehrungen treffen, um
sicherzustellen, daß der Arbeitsplatz und seine Umgebung sicher ist und daß die
Benutzer des Geräts keinen gefährlichen Konzentrationen von schädlichen
chemischen oder biologischen Stoffen ausgesetzt sind.
 Die Absaugung von Abgasen und Entsorgung von Abfällen muß entsprechend den
einschlägigen nationalen Gesetzen und Richtlinien erfolgen.
español Advertencia: Sustancias químicas peligrosas
Algunas de las sustancias químicas utilizadas con este aparato pueden ser o volverse
peligrosas una vez completado un análisis.
 La entidad responsable debe tomar las precauciones necesarias para asegurar que el
área de trabajo y su entorno sean seguros y que los operadores del aparato no se
vean expuestos a niveles peligrosos de sustancias (químicas o biológicas) tal como
las definen las normas y prescripciones de seguridad a nivel nacional, regional o local.
 La ventilación de humos y la eliminación de residuos deben armonizar con todas las
normas y prescripciones de seguridad a nivel nacional, regional o local.

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=Warning (continued) W8.10

français Danger: Produits chimiques dangereux

Certains produits chimiques utilisés avec cet instrument peuvent être dangereux ou
devenir dangereux une fois l'analyse terminée.
 Les personnes responsables doivent prendre les précautions nécessaires pour
garantir la sécurité des lieux de travail et s'assurer que les manipulateurs des
instruments ne sont pas exposés à un niveau dangereux à des substances toxiques
(chimiques ou biologiques) comme défini dans les réglementations et la législation en
vigueur sur le plan national, régional et local.
 Les systèmes de ventilation pour fumées et les dispositifs d'élimination des déchets
doivent être conforme à la législation et aux réglementations en vigueur sur le plan
national, régional et local.
italiano Pericolo: Sostanze chimiche pericolose
Alcune delle sostanze chimiche utilizzate con il presente strumento possono essere
pericolose o lo possono diventare al termine dell'analisi.
 La persona responsabile deve prendere le opportune precauzioni per assicurare che
l'area di lavoro sia sicura e che l'operatore non sia esposto a concentrazioni nocive di
sostanze tossiche (chimiche o biologiche) come definito nelle norme di sicurezza e
nelle leggi applicabili di livello nazionale, statale e locale.
 Il sistema di aspirazione fumi e lo smaltimento dei rifiuti devono soddisfare quanto
definito nelle norme di sicurezza e nelle leggi applicabili di livello nazionale, statale e
locale.
Nederlands Waarschuwing: Gevaarlijke chemicaliën
Sommige chemicaliën die met dit instrument gebruikt worden kunnen gevaarlijk zijn of dat
worden na het afronden van een analyse.
 De verantwoordelijke persoon moet de noodzakelijke voorzorgen nemen om ervoor te
zorgen dat de rest van de werkplek veilig is en dat degenen die het instrument
bedienen niet blootgesteld worden aan gevaarlijke niveaus van giftige substanties
(chemisch of biologisch) zoals vastgelegd in de van toepassing zijnde nationale en
plaatselijke regels en wetten betreffende gezondheid en veiligheid.
 Ontluchting voor dampen en het weggooien van afval dient in overeenstemming te
gebeuren met alle nationale en plaatselijke regels en wetten betreffende gezondheid
en veiligheid.

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Translations of Warnings

=Warning (continued) W8.10

português Aviso: Químicos perigosos

Alguns dos químicos usados com este aparelho podem ser ou tornar-se perigosos depois
de completada uma análise.
 O responsável deve tomar as precauções necessárias para assegurar que o lugar de
trabalho é seguro e que os operadores do aparelho não são expostos a concentrações
perigosas de substâncias tóxicas (químicas ou biológicas) segundo a definição nas
regulamentações e leis nacionais aplicáveis em matéria de saúde e segurança.
 A ventilação para evacuação de fumos e a remoção de resíduos deve corresponder a
todas as regulamentações e leis nacionais, estaduais e locais em matéria de saúde e
segurança.
suomea Varo: Vaaralliset kemikaalit
Muutamat tämän laitteen yhteydessä käytetyt kemikaalit voivat olla vaarallisia tai ne
voivat muodostaa vaaran analyysin päätyttyä.
 Vastuussa olevan täytyy huolehtia tarpeellisista varotoimenpiteistä, jotta
työpaikkaympäristö on varmasti turvallinen ja että laitteen käyttäjät eivät joudu alttiiksi
vaaralliselle määrälle myrkyllisiä aineita (kemiallisia tai biologisia), kuten on määritelty
sovellettavissa kansallisissa, valtiollisissa ja paikallisissa terveydensuojelu- ja
turvamääräyksissä tai lakisääteisesti.
 Savukaasun/höyryn poisto sekä jätteiden hävitys täytyy järjestää kaikkien kansallisten,
valtiollisten ja paikallisten terveydensuojelu-, turva- ja lakisääteisten määräysten
mukaisesti.
svenska Varning: Farliga kemikalier
En del kemikalier som används tillsammans med apparaten kan vara farliga eller kan bli
farliga efter avslutad analys.
 Ansvarig användare skall vidta nödvändiga försiktighetsåtgärder så att arbetsplatsen
är säker och att operatörerna vid apparaten inte utsätts för farliga halter av giftiga
ämnen (kemiska eller biologiska) såsom beskrivs i nationella, regionala och lokala
hälso- och säkerhetsföreskrifter och lagar.
 Följ nationella, regionala och lokala hälso- och säkerhetsföreskrifter och lagar när det
gäller utsug av ångor samt avfallshantering.

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 Translations of Warnings

Definitions to the above warning (from IEC 1010-1):

Responsible body: ‘individual or group responsible for the use and maintenance of
equipment, and for ensuring that operators are adequately trained.’
Operator: ‘person operating equipment for its intended purpose.’
dansk Definitioner af ovenstående advarsel (fra IEC 1010-1):
Ansvarlige: ‘enkeltpersoner eller grupper af personer, som er ansvarlige for brugen og
vedligeholdelsen af udstyr og for sikringen af, at operatører uddannes tilsvarende.’
Operatør: ‘person, som betjener udstyr i overensstemmelse med dets formål.’
Deutsch Definitionen der obigen Warnung (nach IEC 1010-1):
Betreiber: ‘Anweisungsperson oder -gruppe, die für die Anwendung und Wartung von
Geräten sowie die entsprechende Schulung der Benutzer (Bediener) verantwortlich ist.’
Benutzer: ‘Person, die das Gerät für den bestimmungsgemäßen Betrieb benutzt.’
español Definiciones de la advertencia anterior (de IEC 1010-1):
Entidad responsable: ‘individuo o grupo responsable del uso y mantenimiento de los
equipos y de que los operadores reciban entrenamiento adecuado.’
Operador: ‘persona que maneja un equipo conforme a los fines previstos.’
français Définitions relatives au message de danger ci-dessus
(selon CEI 1010-1):
Personne responsable: ‘individu ou groupe responsable de l'utilisation conforme et de
la maintenance d'un équipement, et devant s'assurer de la formation adéquate des
manipulateurs.’
Manipulateur: ‘personne utilisant un équipement de manière conforme.’

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Translations of Warnings

=Definitions (continued) W2.1

italiano Definizioni per il pericolo sopraccitato (secondo IEC 1010-1):

Persona responsabile: ‘Responsabile di gruppo o individuale per l'uso e la
manutenzione dell'equipaggiamento e per il necessario addestramento del personale.’
Operatore: ‘Persona che comanda l'equipaggiamento per raggiungere l'obiettivo
prepostosi.’
Nederlands Definities voor de hiervoorgenooemde waarschuwing (uit IEC 1010-1):
Verantwoordelijke persoon: ‘persoon of groep van personen verantwoordelijk voor het
gebruik en het onderhoud van apparatuur, die tevens dient(en) te zorgen voor adequate
training van degene die het apparaat bedient (operator).’
Operator: ‘persoon die apparatuur bedient zoals bedoeld.’
português Definições referentes ao aviso supra referido (da CEI 1010-1):
Responsável: ‘indivíduo ou grupo responsável pela utilização e manutenção de
equipamentos, que deve assegurar que os operadores sejam devidamente treinados.’
Operador: ‘pessoa que opera o equipamento para os fins previstos.’
suomea Edellä olevaan varoitukseen liittyviä määritelmiä (lähde IEC 1010-1):
Vastuussa oleva: ‘henkilö tai ryhmä, joka on vastuussa laitteiden käytöstä ja huollosta ja
siitä huolehtimisesta, että laitteen käyttäjillä on asianmukainen koulutus.’
Laitteen käyttäjä: ‘henkilö, joka käyttää laitetta sen käyttötarkoituksen mukaisesti.’
svenska Definitioner till varningen ovan (från IEC 1010-1):
Ansvarig användare: ‘enskild person eller grupp som ansvarar för användning och
service av utrustningen samt att operatörerna har lämplig utbildning.’
Operatör: ‘person som arbetar med utrustningen för avsett ändamål.’

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W9.1
Warning: Moving Parts – Risk of Injury
Some moving parts of the instrument are accessible in normal operation.
 Keep hands, clothing and other objects away from the moving parts of the instrument.

dansk Advarsel: Bevægelige dele – Fare for kvæstelser

Nogle af apparatets bevægelige dele er tilgængelige ved normal betjening.
 Hold hænder, tøj og andre genstande borte fra apparatets bevægelige dele.
Deutsch Warnung: Bewegliche Teile – Verletzungsgefahr
Bei normalem Betrieb sind bewegliche Teile des Geräts zugänglich.
 Hände, Kleidung und andere Gegenstände von den beweglichen Teilen des Geräts
fernhalten.
español Advertencia: Peligro mecánico
Algunas de las partes móviles del aparato son accesibles durante su funcionamiento
normal.
 Mantenga las manos, la ropa y otros objetos alejados de las partes móviles del equipo.
français Danger: Parties en mouvement – Risque d'accident corporel
Certaines parties en mouvement de l'instrument sont accessibles en fonctionnement
normal.
 Tenir les mains, vêtements et autres objets éloignés des parties en mouvement de
l'instrument.

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Translations of Warnings

=Warning (continued) W9.1

italiano Pericolo: Parti in movimento – Pericolo di infortunio

Alcune delle parti in movimento dello strumento sono accessibili anche durante il normale
funzionamento.
 Tenete le mani, gli indumenti e altri oggetti lontano dalle parti in movimento dello
strumento.
Nederlands Waarschuwing: Bewegende delen – Verwondingsgevaar
Sommige bewegende delen van het instrument kunnen aangeraakt worden tijdens de
normale werking.
 Handen, kleding en andere voorwerpen uit de buurt van de bewegende delen van het
instrument houden.
português Aviso: Peças móveis – perigo de ferimento
Algumas peças móveis do aparelho podem ser acedidas durante o funcionamento
normal.
 Mantenha afastados das peças móveis do aparelho as mãos, o vestuário e outros
objectos.
suomea Varo: Liikkuvat osat – loukkaantumisvaara
Muutamiin laitteen liikkuviin osiin on mahdollista päästä käsiksi normaalikäytön aikana.
 Pidä kädet, vaatteet ja muut esineet loitolla laitteen liikkuvista osista.
svenska Varning: Rörliga delar – risk för skador
En del rörliga delar på apparaten är åtkomliga vid normal användning.
 Se till att händer, kläder eller andra föremål inte kommer i närheten av apparatens
rörliga delar.

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Symbols used on the instrument

Any of the following symbols can be used on the instrument:

dansk De markeringer, som benyttes på dette apparat

Enhver af de følgende markeringer kan benyttes på apparatet:
Deutsch Symbole am Gerät
Eines der folgenden Symbole kann sich am Gerät befinden:
español Pictogramas usadps en el equipo
Usted puede aplicar al equipo cualquiera de los siguientes pictogramas:
français Symboles utilisés sur l'instrument
Tous les symboles suivants peuvent être utilisés sur l'instrument :
italiano Contrassegni utilizzati sullo strumento
Qualsiasi dei seguenti contrassegni può essere utilizzato sullo strumento:
Nederlands Markeringen op het Instrument
De volgende markingen kunnen op het instrument gebruikt worden:
português Marcações usadas no aparelho
Qualquer uma das marcações seguintes podem ser usadas no aparelho:
suomea Laitteessa käytetyt merkit
Laitteessa voidaan käyttää seuraavia merkkejä:
svenska Apparatens symboler
Följande symboler kan finnas på apparaten:

0993-5255 8-45
Translations of Warnings

This symbol indicates that there is a potential hazard and that the user must look in the
guide for an explanation of the hazard and how to avoid it.
dansk Dette symbol angiver, at der foreligger en mulig fare, og at brugeren skal se i håndbogen
efter en forklaring på faren, og hvordan faren kan undgås.
Deutsch Dieses Symbol bedeutet, daß hier eine mögliche Gefahr besteht und der Benutzer im
Handbuch nachschlagen muß, um eine Beschreibung der Gefahr und deren Vermeidung
zu erhalten.
español Este símbolo indica que existe un peligro potencial y que el usuario tiene que consultar
el manual para hallar una explicación del peligro y de los modos de evitarlo.
français Ce symbole indique un danger potentiel et invite l'usager à consulter le manuel
d'utilisation pour obtenir un exposé de ce danger et les moyens de l'éviter.
italiano Questo simbolo indica un pericolo potenziale e che l'operatore deve consultare il
manuale per eventuali spiegazioni riguardo ad eventuali pericoli e su come evitarli.
Nederlands Dit symbool geeft aan dat er gevaar bestaat en dat de gebruiker in het handboek de uitleg
daarvan dient na te kijken en hoe het vermeden kan worden.
português Este símbolo indica que existe um perigo potencial e que o utilizador deve consultar o
manual para obter uma explicação sobre o perigo e saber como o pode evitar.
suomea Tämä symboli merkitsee, että on olemassa potentiaalinen vaara ja että käyttäjän täytyy
katsoa käsikirjasta vaaran selitystä ja kuinka se vältetään.
svenska Symbolen innebär möjlig fara. Användaren skall se i användarhandboken för att få
förklaringar och anvisningar om hur faran skall undvikas.

8-46 0993-5255
 Translations of Warnings

This symbol indicates the risk of electric shock.

dansk Dette symbol angiver risikoen for elektrisk stød.

Deutsch Dieses Symbol warnt vor Gefahr durch elektrischen Strom.
español Este símbolo indica la existencia de riesgo de electrocución.
français Ce symbole indique un risque d'électrocution.
italiano Questo simbolo indica il pericolo di folgorazione.
Nederlands Dit symbool geeft aan dat er gevaar voor een electrische schok bestaat.
português Este símbolo indica o perigo de choques eléctricos.
suomea Tämä symboli varoittaa sähköiskun vaarasta.
svenska Symbolen innebär fara för elektriska stötar.

This symbol indicates the risk of hot surfaces.

dansk Dette symbol angiver risikoen for varme overflader.

Deutsch Dieses Symbol warnt vor Gefahr durch heiße Oberfläche.
español Este símbolo indica peligro de tocar superficies candentes.
français Ce symbole indique un risque de surfaces chaudes.
italiano Questo simbolo indica il pericolo di superfici molto calde.
Nederlands Dit symbool geeft aan dat er gevaar voor hete oppervlaktes bestaat.
português Este símbolo indica o perigo de superfícies quentes.
suomea Tämä symboli varoittaa kuumista pinnoista.
svenska Symbolen innebär fara för heta ytor.

0993-5255 8-47
Translations of Warnings

This symbol indicates the off position of the circuit breaker. With the switch in this
position, the instrument is disconnected entirely from the line power supply.
dansk Dette symbol angiver kredsløbsafbryderens slukket-position. Når afbryderen står i denne
position, er apparatet fuldstændigt skilt fra strømtilførslen.
Deutsch Dieses Symbol zeigt die Stellung Aus des Leistungsschalters.
Wenn der Schalter auf dieser Position steht, ist das Gerät vollständig vom Netzstrom
getrennt.
español Este símbolo indica que el interruptor principal de la red o del cortacircuitos está
desconectado. Cuando el interruptor se encuentra en esta posición, el equipo está
desconectado por completo de la toma de corriente.
français Ce symbole indique que l'interrupteur ou le coupe-circuit principal est en position ‘arrêt’.
Quand l'interrupteur est dans cette position, l'instrument est complètement déconnecté de
l'alimentation secteur.
italiano Questo simbolo indica la posizione di spento dell'interruttore principale di alimentazione
o il separatore di circuito. Se l'interruttore si trova in questa posizione lo strumento è
scollegato completamente dall'alimentazione elettrica.
Nederlands Dit symbool geeft aan dat de hoofdkrachtschakelaar of stroombreker uitstaat. Met de
schakelaar in deze stand is het instrument geheel afgesloten van de lijnvoeding.
português Este símbolo indica a posição desligada do interruptor principal de corrente ou do
disjuntor. Estando o interruptor nesta posição, o aparelho é desligado totalmente da rede
de fornecimento de corrente.
suomea Tämä symboli ilmoittaa, että pääkytkin tai katkaisija on pois päältä. Kun kytkin on tässä
asennossa, laite on erotettu kokonaan verkkovirrasta.
svenska Symbolen visar att huvudströmbrytaren eller strömkretsbrytaren står i från-läge. När
brytaren står i detta läge är apparaten helt frånkopplad från nätet.

8-48 0993-5255
 Translations of Warnings

This symbol indicates the on position of the circuit breaker. With the switch in this
position, the instrument is connected to the line power supply but is not necessarily
switched on and operational.
dansk Dette symbol angiver kredsløbsafbryderens tændt-position. Når afbryderen står i denne
position, er apparatet forbundet med strømtilførslen, men ikke nødvendigvis tændt og
driftsklart.
Deutsch Dieses Symbol zeigt die Stellung Ein des Netzschalters oder Leistungsschalters.
Wenn der Schalter auf dieser Position steht, wird das Gerät mit Netzstrom versorgt, muß
jedoch nicht notwendigerweise eingeschaltet und betriebsbereit sein.
español Este símbolo indica que el interruptor principal de la red o del cortacircuitos está
conectado. Cuando el interruptor se encuentra en esta posición, el equipo está conectado
a la red eléctrica, pero no está necesariamente encendido o en estado operacional.
français Ce symbole indique que l'interrupteur ou le coupe-circuit principal est en position
‘marche’. Quand l'interrupteur est dans cette position, l'instrument est connecté à
l'alimentation secteur, mais n'est pas nécessairement en circuit et opérationnel.
italiano Questo simbolo indica la posizione di acceso dell'interruttore principale di alimentazione
o il separatore di circuito. Se l'interruttore si trova in questa posizione lo strumento è
collegato all'alimentazione elettrica ma non è necessariamente attivo e operativo.
Nederlands Dit symbool geeft aan dat de hoofdkrachtschakelaar of stroombreker aanstaat. Met de
schakelaar in deze stand is het instrument aangesloten aan de lijnvoeding maar behoeft
niet aan te staan en in werking te zijn.
português Este símbolo indica a posição ligada do interruptor principal de corrente ou do disjuntor.
Estando o interruptor nesta posição, o aparelho está ligado à rede de fornecimento de
corrente, o que não significa necessariamente que também esteja activado e operacional.
suomea Tämä symboli ilmoittaa, että pääkytkin tai katkaisija on päälle kytketty. Kun kytkin on
tässä asennossa, laite on liitettynä verkkovirtaan, mutta sitä ei ole välttämättä kytketty
päälle eikä se ole välttämättä käyttövalmis.
svenska Symbolen visar att huvudströmbrytaren eller strömkretsbrytaren står i till-läge. När
brytaren står i detta läge är apparaten ansluten till nätet men inte nödvändigtvis tillslagen
och driftklar.

0993-5255 8-49
Translations of Warnings

This symbol indicates the operational on/off switch.

dansk Dette symbol angiver betjenings-tændt/sluk-kontakt.

Deutsch Dieses Symbol kennzeichnet den Bereitschaftsschalter.
español Este símbolo indica el interruptor operacional con./desc.
français Ce symbole représente l'interrupteur d'arrêt/marche.
italiano Questo simbolo indica l'interruttore acceso/spento opzionale.
Nederlands Dit symbool geeft de aan/uit schakelaar aan.
português Este símbolo indica o interruptor de ligar/desligar o funcionamento.
suomea Tämä symboli tarkoittaa päälle/pois -käyttökytkintä.
svenska Symbolen visar apparatens till/från-knapp.

This symbol indicates alternating current.

dansk Dette symbol angiver vekselstrøm.
Deutsch Dieses Symbol kennzeichnet Wechselstrom.
español Este símbolo indica la existencia de corriente alterna.
français Ce symbole représente le courant alternatif.
italiano Questo simbolo indica corrente alternata.
Nederlands Dit symbool geeft wisselstroom aan.
português Este símbolo indica corrente alterna.
suomea Tämä symboli merkitsee vaihtovirtaa.
svenska Symbolen indikerar växelström.

8-50 0993-5255
 Index

0993-5255 In-1
Index

In-2 0993-5255
 Index

A B connectors on the spectrometer

7-8
AAnalyst 700 burner drain system
cooling 7-12
concept 7-3 connecting 2-15
electrical 7-10
features 7-3 burner gases
gas 7-12
system components 7-4 connecting 2-7
system control 7-4 specifications and require- cooling
technical data 7-14 ments 6-10 graphite furnace 6-16
accessory ports 7-9 spectrometer system 6-16
burner system
cooling connectors 7-12
acetylene drain system 1-20
connecting 2-8 safe operation 1-19 cooling system (recirculating)
cylinder specifications 6-12 6-16
explosion hazard 6-12 C connecting and disconnecting
fittings 6-12 changing air filters 4-10 water hoses 2-16
flash arrestor 6-12 filling 2-18
changing fuses 4-8
grade 6-12 furnace cooling 6-16
checklist
safe use 1-18 installing 2-16
general maintenance 4-4
tubing 6-12 spectrometer cooling 6-16
spectrometer maintenance 4-4
warning, copper 6-12 correct use of the instrument 1-4
circuit breaker see automatic cir-
acetylene supply customer service – see end page
cuit breaker
maintaining 4-14 cyanide solutions 1-21
cleaning windows 4-5
acetylides 1-21
air filters
compressed gases 1-13 D
connecting deuterium lamp
changing 4-10
acetylene 2-8 replacing 4-11
air supply air 2-8
compressor requirements 6-11 dimensions of the system 6-5
argon 2-11
connecting 2-8 dimensions, spectrometer 7-16
burner drain system 2-15
warning 6-11 burner gases 2-7 disconnecting furnace gas tubes
argon external cooling sources 2-19 2-11
connecting 2-11 furnaces gases 2-10 disconnecting water hoses 2-16
automatic circuit breaker nitrogen 2-11 disposing of contents of waste
description 7-8, 7-10 nitrous oxide 2-8 containers 1-10
resetting 4-8 special gas 2-13 disposing of defective lamps 1-10
connecting furnace gas tubes drain system 1-20
2-11
connecting water hoses 2-16
connections, electrical 2-22

0993-5255 In-3
Index

E flashbacks 1-20 heated regulator for nitrous oxide

fume ventilation 6-4 6-13
electrical components
maintaining 4-7 furnace autosampler high temperatures 1-12
electrical connections 2-22 installing 2-15 hollow cathode lamps
furnace gas tubes installing 3-8
electrical connectors 7-10
connecting 2-11 hygiene 1-8
electrical protection 1-27, 7-16
disconnecting 2-11
electrical requirements 6-8, 7-15
furnace gases I
electrical safety 1-5 IEC 1010 compliance 1-27
connecting 2-10
electrodeless discharge lamps specifications and require- installation procedures 2-3
installing and connecting 3-8 ments 6-15 installing
electromagnetic compatibility fuses recirculating cooling system
1-28, 7-16 changing 4-8 2-16
electrothermal atomization sample trays 3-11
hazards 1-23 G installing and connecting lamps
safety practices 1-22 gas connectors 7-12 3-8
emergency shutdown 3-14 gas hazards 1-13 installing furnace autosampler
environment gas supply requirements 6-9 2-15
operating conditions 1-7 acetylene 6-12
storage conditions 1-7 air 6-11 L
environmental requirements 7-16 burner gases 6-10 laboratory hygiene 1-8
external cooling 6-16 furnace gases 6-14 laboratory requirements
connecting 2-19 nitrous oxide 6-13 cooling system (recirculating)
furnace 6-16 6-16
spectrometer 6-16
H cooling the spectrometer sys-
hazards with electrothermal atom- tem 6-16
F ization fume ventilation 6-4
FIAS and mercury/hydride sys- high temperatures 1-23 gas supplies 6-9
tems toxic products 1-23 operating conditions 6-3
hazards 1-25 UV radiation 1-23 water cooling 6-16
safety practices 1-24 hazards with FIAS and mercury/ laboratory ventilation 1-8
filling the recirculating cooling hydride systems lamp compartment 3-7
system 2-18 hazardous chemicals 1-25
lamps
high temperatures 1-25
flame installing and connecting 3-8
toxic products 1-25
safe operation 1-19 removing 3-10
hazards with flame atomization
flame atomization
acetylides 1-21
safe operation of the flame
cyanide solutions 1-21
1-19
high temperatures 1-21
safe use of burner gases 1-16
toxic combustion products
safety practices 1-16
1-21
UV radiation 1-21

In-4 0993-5255
 Index

M replacing air filters 4-10 shutting down the system 3-12

maintaining electrical compo- replacing fuses 4-8 space requirements 6-5
nents 4-7 replacing the deuterium lamp special gas
maintaining the acetylene supply 4-11 connecting 2-13
4-14 required pressures spectrometer
maintenance checklists 4-4 burner gases 6-10 dimensions 7-16
furnace gases 6-15 mass (weight) 7-16
maintenance procedures 4-5
resetting the circuit breaker 4-8 moving 2-4
markings on the instrument 1-30
spectrometer maintenance 4-5
mass 7-16 S storage conditions 1-7
moving the spectrometer 2-4 safe handling of chemicals 1-9 switches on the spectrometer 7-8
N safe use of burner gases operational on/off switch 7-8
acetylene 1-18, 6-12 switching on the system 3-3
nitrogen air 1-17, 6-11
connecting 2-11 symbols used in the guide 1-3
nitrous oxide 1-17, 6-13
nitrous oxide symbols used on the instrument
safety
connecting 2-8 1-29
compressed gases 1-13
heated regulator 6-13 translations 8-45
correct use of the instrument
warnings 6-13 system
1-4
cyanide solutions 1-21 shutting down 3-12
O
electrical safety 1-5
operating conditions 1-7, 6-3
handling chemicals 1-9
T
operational on/off switches 7-8 high temperatures 1-12 technical data
optical system 7-6 operation of the flame 1-19 spectrometer 7-14
UV radiation 1-11 translations
P safety and EMC standards 1-28, safety conventions 8-3
parts and supplies 5-1 7-16 symbols used on instrument
PerkinElmer service 4-3 8-45
safety conventions 1-3
warnings in guide 8-3
power requirements 7-15 translations 8-3
see also symbols troubleshooting 4-3
R safety practices tubing
Reconfigure utility 3-4 electrothermal atomization acetylene supply 6-12
references for laboratory safety 1-22
practice 1-26 FIAS and mercury/hydride
U
regulatory information systems 1-24 UV radiation 1-11
electromagnetic compatibility flame atomization 1-16
references 1-26
V
1-28, 7-16
ventilation, laboratory 1-8
removing lamps 3-10 sample trays
replacement parts 5-4 installing 3-11
catalog service 5-4

0993-5255 In-5
Index

W
warning markings on the instru-
ment 1-30
warnings
acetylene and copper 6-12
acetylene explosion hazard
6-12
acetylene pressure 6-12
air supply 6-11
nitrous oxide 6-13
warnings in guide
translations 8-3
waste disposal
contents of waste containers
1-10
defective lamps 1-10
water cooling 6-16
connecting 2-19
water hoses
connecting 2-16
disconnecting 2-16
weight 7-16
windows
cleaning 4-5

In-6 0993-5255
 Customer Service

Company Name and Address

PerkinElmer Analytical Instruments – Headquarters
761 Main Avenue, Norwalk
Connecticut 06859-0001, U.S.A.
Tel.: 203-762-4000, Fax.: 203-762-4050
PerkinElmer on the Internet
http://www.perkinelmer.com
E-mail: [email protected]

Supplies, replacement parts, and accessories

Supplies, replacement parts, and accessories can be ordered directly from
PerkinElmer, using the part numbers quoted in the guides provided with the
instrument.
e-ssentials
PerkinElmer Instruments on-line catalog, your single source for quality supplies
and accessories.
http://essentials.perkinelmer.com/

PerkinElmer’s catalog service offers a full selection of high-quality supplies.

To place an order for supplies and many replacement parts, request a free catalog,
or ask for information:
– If you are located within the U.S., call toll free 1-800-762-4002, 8 a.m. to
8 p.m. EST. Your order will be shipped promptly, usually within 24 hours.
– If you are located outside of the U.S., call your local PerkinElmer sales or
service office.
PerkinElmer Instruments
761 Main Avenue, Norwalk, CT 06859-0010, U.S.A.,
Tel: 1-800-762-4000 or 1-203-762-4000
Fax: 1-203-762-4050
Internet: http://www.perkinelmer.com

Part Number 0993-5255 Release 5