Module Overview: Study Guide For Module No. 1

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0 10-July-2020
Study Guide in (NCM-114 CARE OF THE OLDER ADULT) Module No.1
STUDY GUIDE FOR MODULE NO. 1
MODULE NO.1 CONCEPTS, PRINCIPLE AND THEORIES IN THE CARE OF OLDER ADULTS.
MODULE OVERVIEW
Welcome to NCM114, Concepts, Principle and Theories in the Care of Older Adult
In this course you will learn the concept, principles and theories in the care of older adult. One certain in
life is that we all age. From the moment we are born our life is an inexorable progression toward aging. If we are
careful with our lifestyle, if we have the right combination of genes, or if we are just plain lucky, we may longer
than others. But like death and taxes, growing old is something we cannot escape.
We need to tackle this course aims to provide for health professional and caregivers a knowledge, skill
and attitude in caring for older persons. As we all know aging is also an individual experiences, and
understanding these changes, their effects on the health and health care needs of every individual is as
important.
Aging is therefore one issue that could concern us all. Regardless of what stage in our life we are,
chronologically speaking, aging is something we should prepare for. This study guide is pretty comprehensive
covering topics ranging from biomedical to psychosocial concerns of older persons and the highlights of the
different topic shows below.
MODULE LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Module Objectives:
After studying this module, you will be able to:
A. Describes perspectives of aging.
B. Identify demography of aging and implication for health and nursing care
C. Value the impact of aging members in the family
PANGASINAN STATE UNIVERSITY 1

FM-AA-CIA-15 Rev. 0 10-July-2020
LEARNING CONTENTS (title of the subsection)
A. Perspective of Aging
Worldwide, the age group of sixty years old and older is growing faster than any other age group [1].
With this remarkable increase of older adults; promoting health and well-being becomes a priority for aging well
[2]. Aging well is conceptualized using different contemporary theoretical frameworks in the last decades,
including healthy aging, positive aging, productive aging, active aging, and successful aging [3, 4]. These
theoretical frameworks integrate both biological and social sciences, considering social participation,
psychology, lifestyles, activities, finances, and other domestic and environmental factors as well [4]. The WHO
defines active aging [1] as “the process of optimizing opportunities for health, participation, and security in order
to enhance quality of life as people age including those who are frail, disabled, and in need of care.” As a policy
framework [1, 5], active aging allows people to realize their potential for physical, social, and mental well-being
throughout the life course and to participate in society. The concept of active aging can be applied for promoting
aging well in both developed and developing countries and this is consistent with our study setting in the West
Bank/Palestine.
LEARNING ACTIVITY 1
A. TERMINOLOGY
Direction: Define each words found in the table below:
KEY TERMS DEFINITION

Baby boomer refers to a member of the
1. Baby boomers demographically large generation born between
the end of WWII and the mid-1960s.
2. Centenarian One who is past his or her tenth decade.
3. Chronic Disease Chronic diseases are defined broadly as conditions

that last 1 year or more and require ongoing
medical attention or limit activities of daily living or
both
4. Cohort Cohort is a group of people who have come

together in support of a common cause, or a group

of people who share a common characteristic.
5. Mortality
6. Morbidity
7. Life Expectancy
8. Senescence
9. Demographic tidal wave
10. Native- born
B. The Life Expectancy among Men and Women in the Philippines and U.S
Questions:
1. What are the life expectancy of older men and women in the Philippines and U.S?
2. Make a necessary comparison between the two countries. Philippines and U.S)
3. Why the recent increase in the number of Older Adults?
4. Identify the distribution of Seniors in the Philippines and in U.S
5. What will be the projection of the population for the year 2010-2050 in the Philippines and in U.S?
6. What are the implications in terms of;
a. Gender;
b. Sources of income;
c. Education;
d. Demographic profile; and
e. Economy?
LEARNING CONTENTS B. Demography of Aging and Implication for Health and Nursing Care
Prior to 1950, the male population outnumbered the female population. In 1950, this trend reversed.
Women comprised the majority of the older population (55%) in all nations, and the majority of these women
(58%) live in developing countries. Older women face different circumstances than men as they age. They are
more likely to be widowed, to live alone, to be less educated, and to have fewer years of labor experience,
resulting poverty (Gist & Velkoff, 1997). By 2025, nearly three quarters of the world’s older women are expected
to reside in what is known today as the developing world.
The growing aging population consist of a significantly increased proportion of minorities. Minority
elders will make up 22% of the elderly population over the next 20 years (Ross, 2000). The diversity as well as
the vast increase of this group provides a distinct challenge in meeting health care needs. The losses (spouses,
friends, independence, level of function, status in society) often encountered in aging coupled with low socio

economic status and lifetime racial discrimination put this group at increased risk for poor outcomes. An
understanding of cultural diversity and the unique challenges it poses is needed to address health issues and
promote wellness.
C. Impact of Aging Members in the Family
Feeling depressed about aging and the aged? Although the statistics can sound grim, in actuality, aging is
enjoyed by the vast majority of seniors in United States
LEARNING ACTIVITY 2
DIRECTION: Create a Pie Chart or Histogram related to the following:
A. Common Cause Of Disability
Identify the Most Common Cause of Disability among Older Person in the Philippines and in the U.S. Make
a necessary comparison between the two countries.
B. Mortality And Mortality Rate
Identify the Most Common Cause of Disability among Older Person in the Philippines and in the U.S. Make
a necessary comparison between the two countries.
Note: Make a necessary interpretation and implications.
SUMMARY
The state of well-being is a multifaceted phenomenon in the older population which generally involves
happiness, self-contentment, satisfying social relationships, and autonomy [6].
There is a great burden from then disability and diminished quality of life resulting from these diseases.
Chronic, disabling conditions cause major limitations in activity for 1 of every 10 Americans, or 30 million
people. Costs of caring for chronic illness are staggering both to older persons and their family member and to
society.
The cost of medical care of America with chronic illness was $470 billion in 1995, and these costs are

projected to be high as $ 864 billion in 2040 as the baby boomers continue to age (Centers for Disease Control,
2004).
REFERENCES
https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jar/2018/9858252/#introduction
Natividad J, Bonito S et al. : Caring for the Older Person CLR 613.043, N271, 2005
Tabloski, Patrcia A.: Gerontological Nursing, 1 st Edition, 2006

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FM-AA-CIA-15 Rev.

Study Guide in (NCM-114 CARE OF THE OLDER ADULT) Module No.1

STUDY GUIDE FOR MODULE NO. 1

MODULE LEARNING OBJECTIVES

PANGASINAN STATE UNIVERSITY 1

Study Guide in (NCM-114 CARE OF THE OLDER ADULT) Module No.1

LEARNING CONTENTS (title of the subsection)

KEY TERMS DEFINITION

2. Centenarian One who is past his or her tenth decade.

3. Chronic Disease Chronic diseases are defined broadly as conditions

4. Cohort Cohort is a group of people who have come

PANGASINAN STATE UNIVERSITY 2

Study Guide in (NCM-114 CARE OF THE OLDER ADULT) Module No.1

of people who share a common characteristic.

9. Demographic tidal wave

10. Native- born

PANGASINAN STATE UNIVERSITY 3

Study Guide in (NCM-114 CARE OF THE OLDER ADULT) Module No.1

Note: Make a necessary interpretation and implications.

PANGASINAN STATE UNIVERSITY 4

Study Guide in (NCM-114 CARE OF THE OLDER ADULT) Module No.1

PANGASINAN STATE UNIVERSITY 5

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