JME 3700
Midterm Exam: March 4, 2020 Name:
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g
1. A car sits on a circular platform of diamater D = 4 m,
which is supported by a liquid of density ρ = 1000 kg/m3 D
and which is free to move frictionlessly either up or down h
in a cylinder (Fig. 1). The tank containing the liquid has
a standard manometer attached for reading pressure. The
car and the platform together have a mass of M = 2000 kg
and gravitational acceleration, g = 9.8 m/s2 , is downward,
as shown. This configuration is at static equilibrium.
Fig. 1: Car platform
(a) (10 pts) Determine the pressure, P1 , within the liquid at the bottom face of the plat-
form (i.e. just underneath the car) in units of N/m2 assuming the pressure is uniformly
distributed over the platform’s surface.
(b) (10 pts) Determine the corresponding reading, h, of the manometer for pressure P1 . Give
your final answer as a numeric value in units of meters if ρ = 1000 kg/m3 , D = 4 m, and
M = 2000 kg.
JME 3700 Midterm Exam March 4, 2020
2. Water, ρ = 1000 kg/m3 , flows inviscidly and steadily 1 g
from a large reservoir through a pipe (Fig. 2, with
several reference positions along a streamline labeled).
Gravity is g = 9.8 m/s2 . The pipe splits, having 2 3
spurting outlets. At pipe positions 2 and 4, the re- 7m
spective cross–sectional pipe areas (both in m2 ) are:
A2 = 0.001963 and A4 = 0.000314. Careful mea- 2 4
surements indicate the outlet flow rate at exit 3 is
Q3 ≈ 0.00542 m3 /s. Take water as being incompress-
ible.
Fig. 2: Reservoir flow
(a) (10 pts) Determine the outlet velocity at exit 4, i.e. V4 , in units of m/s.
(b) (10 pts) At position 2, determine the volumetric flow rate, Q2 , in units of m3 /s.
(c) (10 pts) Again at position 2, calculate the static pressure, P2 , in units of N/m2 . Assume
there is negligible vertical distance between positions 2 and 4.
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JME 3700 Midterm Exam March 4, 2020
3. A plate–type gate separates 2 static pools of water in a
channel, salt water on the left, ρS = 1030 kg/m3 , and plain R β
water on the right, ρW = 997 kg/m3 , each pool of which is
exactly of depth D = 5 m (Fig. 3). The gate is exactly ver-
salt plain
tical, i.e. normal to both the bottom and the water surfaces, water D water
is a total height L = 6 m (note: L > D), and is a width
g y L
W = 3 m “into the paper”. The gate is hinged at point α at gat
e
the bottom with a frictionless pin, and is also free to slide
frictionlessly against the channel walls (inset). The top of α
the gate at point β is acted upon by a horizontal reaction
force, R. Gravitational acceleration is g = 9.8 m/s2 . Fig. 3: Water gate
(a) (10 pts) Determine the magnitudes of the hydrostatic forces that the salt water, |FS |, and
plain water, |FW |, exert on the gate in units of N .
(b) (10 pts) Calculate the location(s), i.e. line(s) of action (units of m), at which these resul-
tant forces act, as measured from the bottom. That is, YS and YW , are the distances from
the hinge point to the respective line(s) of action of the salt and plain water forces.
(c) (10 pts) Calculate the magnitude of the reaction force, R, in units of N needed to maintain
the gate in static equilibrium in the given position.
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JME 3700 Midterm Exam March 4, 2020
4. Flow in a pipe reaches a flow splitter, which for this problem
can be considered as a control volume, with flow directions
indicated by non–shaded arrows (Fig. 4). The flow is steady y A/3 2
and the velocity distribution at each of the 3 cross sections g
(dashed segments labeled “1” through “3”) can be taken as x
uniform. The cross sections of areas 1, 2, and 3 are A, A/3, V W
and A/2, respectively, and the velocities at sections 1 and 3 A A/2
are V and 1.5 V , respectively. The fluid has a density of ρ 1.5 V
1 3
and, at the instant of time shown, the total weight of the FY
control volume (fluid in the splitter, plus the splitter itself) is
W . Dimensions are small enough to neglect any changes of
potential energy. Fig. 4: Flow splitter
(a) (10 pts) Determine the outlet velocity, V2 , at section 2 in terms of V .
(b) (10 pts) Determine the vertical component of the force, FY , that is required to hold the
splitter in place. Include the weight of the control volume, W , in this calculation.
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