Module 1.

5: Addition and Subtraction of Integers

After using this module, you are expected to:

1. perform addition and subtraction of integers.
2. apply adding and subtracting integers in
solving real-life problems

EXPLORE Your Understanding

Let us begin our exploratory activities that will

introduce you the basic concepts of adding and subtracting
Integers.

Activity 1

Materials:
20 red chips
20 yellow chips

Procedure:

1. If the yellow chips represent the positive numbers and the red chips the
negative numbers, show the following using the colored chips:
a. +3 ___________________________________________
b. +6 ___________________________________________
c. +12 ___________________________________________
d. 2 ___________________________________________
e. 9 ___________________________________________

2. We have learned addition of integers with like signs using a number line.
Show the following operations using the red (-) and yellow (+) chips:
a. (+2) + (+3) = ______________________________________
b. (+3) + (+5) = ______________________________________
c. (1) + (7) = ______________________________________
d. (4) + (3) = ______________________________________

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Activity 2

Materials:

20 red chips
20 yellow chips

Procedure:

1. Let us recall how to add integers using the colored chips. Find the
following:
a. 3 + 8 = __________________________________________
b. 3 + (8) = _______________________________________
c. 3 + (8) = ________________________________________
d. (3) + 8 = ________________________________________

2. If addition means “accumulate”, subtraction would mean “taking away”.

For example, to show

(+8) – (+3) = ______

we have 8 yellow chips which represents (+8)

then “taking away” 3 yellow chips representing (+3) yields,

Hence, (+8) – (+3) = +5

FIRM UP Your Understanding

Now let’s move on! Enjoy learning more

about addition and subtraction of integers.
Here are other challenging activities
that will help you.

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Activity 3

1. If adding integers means “accumulating”, show the following using the

colored chips:

a. (+2) + (2) = ______________________________________

b. (+5) + (5) = ______________________________________
c. (4) + (+4) = ______________________________________
d. (7) + (+7) = ______________________________________

The sum in each of the items above is given a special name and that is
zero. Note that we can represent zero in different ways as shown above.

2. Can you make a generalization regarding your observation in number

3?
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________

3. Show the following using the colored chips:

a. (+4) + (1) = ______________________________________

b. (+8) + (11) = _____________________________________
c. (+10) + (3) = _____________________________________
d. (6) + (+2) = ______________________________________
e. (9) + (+15) = _____________________________________

4. Make a generalization regarding the sum of two integers with unlike

signs. ____________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
_________________________________________

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Activity 4

1. Using the colored chips, find the following:

a. (+7) – (+5) = ______________________________________
b. (+16) – (+10) = ____________________________________
c. (7) – (3) = ______________________________________
d. (18) – (9) = _____________________________________

2. Can you still recall how we show zero using the colored chips?
___________________________________________________
Explain. ____________________________________________
___________________________________________________
These pair of colored chips which shows zero is called a “zero pair”.

3. Consider: (+3) – (+4) = ______

Notice that in this problem, it will not be possible for us to “take away” 4
yellow chips from only 3 yellow chips. To do this, we add any zero pair
as in:

Now, we can “take away” the 4 yellow chips which yields only 1 red
ship, which represents (1);

4. Suppose we add 2 zero pairs instead of only 1 zero pair in number 5.

Will the result be the same? ___________________ Explain.
____________________________________________
___________________________________________________

5. Use the colored chips, to show the following:

a. (+8) – (+12) = _____________________________________
b. (+5) – (7) = ______________________________________
c. (+13) – (4) = _____________________________________
d. (2) – (+6) = ______________________________________
e. (8) – (17) = _____________________________________

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DEEPEN Your Understanding

Let us take more challenging activities about

adding and subtracting integers.

Activity 5

A. Find the sum of the following integers and check your answers using a number
line.
1. (+5) + (+4)
2. (2) + (4)
3. (+8) + (6)
4. (9) + (+3) + (+2)
5. (+23) + (15) + (32)

B. Write an addition sentence for the given situation, and simplify: The temperature of
a saline solution after a drop of 460 from 950 C.

Activity 6

A. Find the difference of the following.

1. (+82) – (31)
2. (+54) – (+78)
3. (19) – (116)
4. (+9) – (+10)
5. (24) – (+12)

B. Solve.
The interest of Jim’s loan of Php 1 000 in a certain lending company is
Php 30.00 per month. If Jim was not able to pay the loan for a month, how much
will his loan be after one month?

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Activity 7
Integer Squares

1. Complete the square below using these steps:

Add across.
Add down. + +
Add your sums across down. 42 16 =_____
Write your sums in the
triangles. + +
18 31 =_____
What did you notice
about the numbers in the = =
triangles? _____ _____

2. Complete the square below. Does the pattern work for negative integers?

-8 -4 = ______

-6 -5 = ______

= =
_____ _____

3. Here is a magic square using the integers from - 4 to 4. The sums of each
column, row and diagonal are all 0. Complete the square.

0 2

-1

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Activity 8

Solve the following problems.

_______1. An elevator is on the ground floor. It goes up 8 floors, then 5 down, and
then 4 up. What is its final position in terms of the ground floor?
_______2. A deep-sea diver plunged 3 meters under water, then 2 meters deeper.
Then the diver rose 1 m. How many meters above/below under water was the
diver?
_______3. Last year was a bad year for Mang Jojo. Typhoon Pepeng ruined 5
hectares of his rice fields and after a month another storm Osang destroyed 2
hectares. What is the total of his rice fields which was destroyed by the typhoons.
_______4. Ma. Jo Ann deposited Php2,000.00 in a bank. She withdrew
Php1,050.00 on the first month, Php450.00 on the second month, and deposited
Php1,380.00 on the third month. How much money did she have in the bank after
the third month? (Assuming no bank deductions have been made,)
_______5. An airplane flying at 4,260 meters from the ground climbs 1,050 meters
to avoid a storm. Then it drops 2,115 meters and finally climbs 780 meters. What is
the final altitude?

TRANSFER Your Understanding

Here is another activity that will help you apply your

learning about addition and subtraction of integers in
real-life situations.

Write a journal. Create real-life situations where knowledge of

addition and subtraction of integers can be applied.

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 ANSWER KEY
Module 1.5 – Addition and Subtraction of Integers

Activity 1
1. a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
2. a) +5
b) +8
c) 8
d) 7
Activity 2
1. a.) 11 c.) -5
b.) -11 d.)5
Activity 3
1. a)
b)
c)
d)
2. The sum of a number and its additive inverse if zero.
3. a) +3
b) 3
c) +7
d) 4
e) +6
4. The sum of two integers with unlike signs, subtract the numbers and copy the
sign of the number with a larger absolute value.
Activity 4
1. a) +2
b) +6
c) 4
d) 9
2. Zero pair is any number of pair of yellow and red chips.
3. Yes. The result after subtraction will yield answer where some of the chips give
zero pair(s).
4. a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Activity 5
A. 1. 9
2. 6
3. 2
4. 4

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 5. 24
B. 950 + (460) = 390

Activity 6
A. 1. +113
2. 24
3. +97
4. 1
5. 36
B. Php 1, 030.00

Activity 7
1.) 42 16 = 73
18 31 = 34
= =
60 47 107
107

2.) -8 -4 = -12
-6 -5 = -11
= =
-14 -9 -23
-23

3.) 3 -4 1
-2 0 2
-1 4 -3

Activity 8
1.) it's on the 7th floor.
2.) he's 33 m. under water.
3.) 7 hectares
4.) 1,880.00
5.) a) it riser by 9°
b) it drops by 9°