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Title: Design and Analysis of Digital Temperature Control System

The document describes the design and analysis of a digital temperature control system. It discusses temperature and control systems, outlines the objectives of the project which are to optimize costs and eliminate hazards from accidental neglect of heating/cooling appliances. The scope is limited to home applications. It describes the basic components of temperature control systems including a power supply unit, sensor unit, LCD display unit, control unit, menu/function unit, and optional alarm unit. It provides a block diagram of the temperature control system and concludes the introduction.

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283 views4 pages

Title: Design and Analysis of Digital Temperature Control System

The document describes the design and analysis of a digital temperature control system. It discusses temperature and control systems, outlines the objectives of the project which are to optimize costs and eliminate hazards from accidental neglect of heating/cooling appliances. The scope is limited to home applications. It describes the basic components of temperature control systems including a power supply unit, sensor unit, LCD display unit, control unit, menu/function unit, and optional alarm unit. It provides a block diagram of the temperature control system and concludes the introduction.

Uploaded by

VISHNU DOUND VD
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Experiment no: 1

Title: design and analysis of digital temperature control


system
Introduction

Temperature: This is the degree of hotness or coldness of a body or an environment.

Control System: A control system is a device or set of devices that manage,


command, Direct or regulate the behaviour of other devices or systems. Thus we can literally
say that a Temperature Control System is a device or set of devices that manage, command,
direct or regulate the behaviour of other devices or systems in order to influence the degree of
hotness or coldness of a body or an environment.

A Temperature Control System is a more like a programmable thermostat that can


keep the environment (home or office) at a desired temperature regardless of fluctuating
exterior weather conditions. The advantage of having a temperature control system over a
common thermostat is that it saves energy and money by automatically maintaining different
temperatures at different times of the day and night. It is usually a feedback system having
a control loop, including sensors, control algorithms and actuators/effectors, and is arranged
in such a fashion as to try to regulate a variable at a set point or reference value. An example
of this may increase the fuel supply to a furnace when a measured temperature drops.

Thermostat located in older homes and apartments. A thermostat measures the


temperature of a room, turning the heating / cooling unit on or off in order to maintain the
setting indicated on the thermostat. One of the drawbacks of the traditional thermostat is that
it is commonly left at a single setting out of sheer convenience. This translates to higher
energy bills because the home is kept warmer than required when people are tucked away in
bed, or even off at work (when it is not needed). What would be far more efficient is to have
a thermostat that energy. This is exactly what a Temperature Control System offers.

knows when you need it and when you don’t, so that it could vary the temperature and save
2

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the home is kept warmer than required when people are tucked away in bed, or even off at
work (when it is not needed). What would be far more efficient is to have a thermostat that
knows when you need it and when you don’t, so that it could vary the temperature and save
energy. This is exactly what a Temperature Control System offers.
OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT

The main objective of this project is to design a Temperature Control System that
helps to optimize Costs of production and living both in the homes and industries. It also
serves to eliminate hazards that result from the accidental neglect of heating and cooling
appliances in the homes and industries, even when they are not needed. To achieve this, a
highly sensitive Temperature sensor detects the current temperature and feeds it as input to
the Micro-controller. The Micro-controller then initiates a sequence of control procedures
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based on the configuration of the control program it contains. These control procedures
would include: turning on/off a heating or cooling system and activating a buzzer/alarm unit .

SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

Owing to inevitable constraints of time and finance, the scope of the project for the
purpose of this research work would be limited to its home application only. The
Temperature Control System would detect the temperature changes within the home
environment and regulate it by triggering the appropriate equipment’s to influence the
temperature. To successfully implement a Temperature Control System of this Capacity,
knowledge about the following is needed:
1.Knowledge about the output voltages from the temperature sensor and how to convert
them to byte values.
2.The particular formula that will be used to convert the byte values to Centigrade
scalar (for LCD display).
3. The programming of the Micro-controller and development of the Control Program.
3. The programming of micro controller and development of controlled system.
4. Function of each components.

BASIC COMPONENTS OF A TEMPERATURE CONTROL SYSTEM


Temperature Control Systems down through the years have been made up of the
Following five major units:
1. The Power Supply Unit: This Unit provides the Temperature Control System with the
Electrical Energy that drives it. In this case, the Power Supply Unit consists of a Step-
down transformer which works based on the principle of induction. The transformer
steps down the voltage received from the power outlet from the national rating of
230V to 15V, which is all the voltage needed to drive the system. This voltage is
further rectified (using a bridge rectifier) and filtered (using a power capacitor) to give
a perfect and undistorted voltage to the system. Of this 15V input voltage, about 5V
drives the microcontroller. The rest are needed to drive the other units of the circuit.

2. The Sensor Unit: This Module consists of devices (thermometers in traditional


systems) that detect the current temperature status. These devices sense the current
room/surface temperature, and provide its result to be used as input in the Control unit
and in the Display Unit.

3. The LCD/Display Unit: This displays the current temperature status of the
environment as received from the Sensor Unit. In this case it consists of a 7-bit
graphic large-digit display device that reveals the results/reading of the temperature
sensor to the external user.

4. The Control Unit: The Control unit houses the Controller and related devices
(thermostats in automatic systems) that process information to produce effects/action
by the system. In this case, this unit houses the microcontroller (and control
program/algorithm) that stores the set-point temperature. The control program
receives temperature status from the sensor unit and ensures that it doesn’t
compromise the set-point by initiating the appropriate sequence of action(s).

5. The Menu/Function Unit: This unit consists of input buttons that are used to give
commands to the control program and also to program the set-point for the system. In
this case, a variable resistor which changes the set-point temperature when its
resistance is varied.

6. The Alarm Unit: This unit consists of an alarm system that alerts the inhabitants of the
environment of a temperature breach. This is an optional component of Temperature
Control Systems. It comes mostly with those systems that are built to specifications
(custom systems). Most commercial Temperature Control Systems prefer to maintain
a silent profile in the environment where they function.

17
BLOCK DIAGRAM

CONCLUSION:
VIVA QUESTIONS

Q.1

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