Ficha Fernando 7.2

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46 can, could, be able to

Practice
1 Complete the sentences with can, can’t, could, couldn’t or will/won’t be able to. Then match
them with the pictures below.
0 Jeff’s great in the kitchen – he . can
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . cook amazing meals! E
.........

1 Jeff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . cook at all when he was younger, not even simple things. .........

2 Rob used to be a strong runner. He . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . run a marathon in three hours. .........

3 Rob . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . run a marathon now. He gets very tired.  .........

4 Sandra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . repair her car – she doesn’t know anything about cars. .........

5 Sandra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . repair her car when she finishes her mechanics course. .........

A now… B now… C ten years ago…

D next year… E now… F twenty years ago…

2 Write statements and questions, using the words below and the modal verbs in brackets.
3.27 Listen and check.

0 I hate / not wear / jeans in smart restaurants (be able to)


I hate not being able to wear jeans in smart restaurants.
........................................................................................................................................

1 Their children / not read or write / yet (can)


........................................................................................................................................

2 you / hear / that strange noise / ? (can)


........................................................................................................................................

3 your old mobile phone / play videos / ? (could)


........................................................................................................................................

4 you / arrange an appointment / with the dentist / yesterday / ? (be able to)
........................................................................................................................................

5 we / not answer / your call / at the moment (be able to)


........................................................................................................................................

6 we / get a flight / next Tuesday / ? (be able to)


........................................................................................................................................

7 I’d love / play a musical instrument / really well (be able to)
........................................................................................................................................

8 We really enjoy / swim / in our own pool / any time we like (be able to)
........................................................................................................................................

9 It / be / very hot / in Madrid / in August (can)


........................................................................................................................................

10 After the operation / I / not walk properly / for two weeks (could)
........................................................................................................................................

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3 GRAMMAR IN USE Read the article and choose the correct words in italics. In two places,
9
both answers are possible. 3.28 Listen and check.

How technology has changed our lives …


Last week my wife suggested we should have a
weekend break: Barcelona, or perhaps Prague. After
a few minutes on my computer I (0) was able to /
could book flights and a hotel, then print out airline
tickets and a hotel voucher – all done in less than
half an hour. Nothing surprising about that, you
might say. But then I suddenly remembered how
things were different when I was a child. If my
parents wanted to go away they (1) can’t / couldn’t
just use the Internet – because there was no Internet.
Well, of course it existed, but ordinary people
(2) couldn’t / weren’t able to use it, it was only used
by a few universities and some government agencies.
No, they had to phone a travel agent or drive into was no signal in the countryside. And they were
town and go to a travel agency. huge – not much smaller than a house brick. Now
It’s the same thing with phones. I remember once, I have a phone that’s no bigger than a box of
when I was a teenager, going out with some friends matches. And I (6) can / manage to phone anyone,
and missing the last bus home. Of course, none of anywhere in the world, any time I feel like it. It
us had a mobile phone. So we spent hours searching can even (7) using / be used to look at the Internet.
for a phone box so we (3) could / can call for a taxi. (8) Do you can / Can you imagine how exciting it
Eventually we (4) could / managed to find one, but was the first time an engineer managed (9) to make /
by then it was 2 a.m. and we were freezing cold. making a phone small enough to put in your pocket?
In those days mobile phones were an expensive It must have been amazing. But I’m sure that in the
luxury. Even if you had one, you (5) could only / future they (10) can / will be able to make them
were only able to use it in big cities because there small enough to wear as a wristwatch!

4 Find eight more mistakes and correct them. Tick (✓) the correct sentences.
0 You can hire bikes at the station. ✓
was able to
00 Andrew could get tickets for the fi lm yesterday.
1 Do you can drink the water from the taps in this country?
2 We couldn’t fi nd an English-language newspaper at the shop.
3 Erica could been really badly behaved when she was a child.
4 Did you manage to calling your mother yesterday evening?
5 To get the job you have to can speak fl uent Spanish.
6 We weren’t able to buy water in bottles in those days.
7 See you that man standing over there?
8 I’m so angry I can kill him!
9 London can be a very violent place in the nineteenth century.
10 I could record the fi lm for you last night. It’s on this DVD.

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Practice 9
1 Do the sentences in each pair have the same (S) or different (D) meaning? Write S or D.
0 A Could she be an engineer?
B Do you think she’s an engineer? S
..........
1 A Perhaps we will buy some new computers for the offi ce.
B We may buy some new computers for the offi ce. ..........
2 A We are visiting our grandparents next weekend.
B We might visit our grandparents next weekend. ..........
3 A She can’t be his daughter.
y.
B I’m sure she isn’t his daughter. ..........
4 A They might not get married in the spring.
B They won’t get married in the spring. ..........
5 A He must be very angry.
B Perhaps he’s angry. ..........
6 A She should be there on time.
B I think she’ll be there on time. ..........

2 GRAMMAR IN USE Read the conversation and choose the correct words in italics. In two
places, both answers are possible. 3.29 Listen and check.

lucas This is a nice painting. Wow. Five thousand pounds!


It (0) must / can be by someone famous.
JoDie Let me see … er, it’s by Darren Hudson. I’ve never
heard of him.
lucas He (1) could / might be one of those new
Canadian artists.
JoDie No, he (2) mustn’t / can’t be. All the artists in this
exhibition are British.
lucas Oh. Look at this one. What do you think it is?
JoDie I don’t know. It (3) could / can be a person. Yes. I think it’s a woman.
lucas I’m not so sure. It (4) could / might not be a person. I think it looks more like a tree.
JoDie No, it (5) mustn’t / can’t be that. Look, you can see the eyes, just there.
lucas Oh, yes, I hadn’t noticed them.
JoDie There’s another one like it over there. (6) May it be / Do you think it’s by the same
artist?
lucas It (7) might / may be. Let’s have a look … no, it’s got a different name on it.
JoDie Well, I don’t like any of these paintings, anyway. Why don’t we go to the
Bloomsbury Gallery? There (8) can / should be lots of nice pictures there.
lucas Yes, but it’s already fi ve o’clock. It (9) might / could not be open by the time we get
there.
JoDie I think it’s open until 6.30. I think we (10) must / could get there in time.

3 Look at the photos and complete the sentences below with your own ideas.
A 0 It could be part
. . . . . . . .of
. . . .a
. . .jet
. . . . . .engine
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B
1 It can’t be . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A
2 It might not be . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3 It must be . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
B 1 It can’t be . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2 It might be . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3 It could be . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4 It must be . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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Practice 9
1 Write the words in the correct order to make sentences or questions.
3.32 Listen and check.
0 has the see dentist Clare tomorrow to
Clare has to see the dentist tomorrow.
.................................................................................................................................................

1 got he has wear a uniform to ?


.................................................................................................................................................

2 application form we to had get an


.................................................................................................................................................

3 to will mobile phone a Serena have get new


.................................................................................................................................................

4 did to wait you a long time have ?


.................................................................................................................................................

5 leave guests before must midday their hotel rooms


.................................................................................................................................................

2 GRAMMAR IN USE Choose the correct words in italics. In two places, both answers are
correct. 3.33 Listen and check.

FAQs
Setting up a broadband connection and wireless network in your home.
➽ My wireless network is very slow and sometimes it doesn’t work. What can I do to improve it?
The most important thing is the position of your router (the machine that sends out the wireless
signals). You (0) are allowed to / have to put it in the centre of the house. And it (1) mustn’t be /
doesn’t have to be next to a TV or computer as they may interrupt the signals.
➽ I’ve only got one phone line. (2) Do I have to / Must I have a second line for a broadband connection?
No, you (3) don’t have to / mustn’t have a separate phone line, you can use one line.
➽ I don’t have a phone line in my house but my neighbour’s phone line runs across the front of my
house. (4) Am I allowed to / Have I got to use his line for my Internet connection?
No. You (5) don’t have to / aren’t allowed to use somebody else’s phone line; it’s illegal! In any case,
it wouldn’t work. You will (6) must / have to get your own phone line, I’m afraid.
➽ Is it true that (7) you have to / it must be to set up a special password?
No, you (8) haven’t got to / don’t have to set up a password for your router, but it is a good idea to
do so, as it will prevent other people using your connection.

3 Find five more mistakes and correct them. Tick (✓) the correct sentence.

0 Sylvia has to wear a uniform because she is a nurse. ✓


got
00 Henry has get to wear glasses for reading.
1 Caroline must to do more exercise.
2 Do you got to take your holiday before the end of August?
3 You must lock the doors at night.
4 The car is very dirty; you’ve got wash it.
5 Have you allowed to park there?
6 Darren must wear glasses when he was young.

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Practice 9
1 Match the two parts of the sentences.
0 Tomorrow’s meal is included in the price so A I need to earn lots of money.
1 My rent is really high so B I needed to take plenty of money.
2 It’s going to be an expensive evening so C I needn’t have taken so much money.
3 The prices at the holiday resort were much D I didn’t need to take any money at all.
cheaper than I expected so
4 My parents paid for everything yesterday so E I won’t need to take any money.
5 We went on a really long holiday last year so F I’ll need to take lots of money.

2 Match sentences A–H with 1–7. Then write a suitable form of need in the gaps.
3.34 Listen and check.
A There was no rain last summer and the grass didn’t grow.
B John cut his hand badly while he was cooking yesterday.
C My parents changed their plans and didn’t come to stay with us last month.
D My brother doesn’t have any money.
E Helen is going on holiday next week.
F Maria’s just painted her house.
G Adam’s got fantastic eyesight.
H There are some tomatoes in the fridge.
0 E
.......... She ‘ll
. . . . .need
. . . . . . . .to
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . buy a new suitcase before she leaves.

1 .......... He . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . get a job.


2 .......... He . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . wear glasses.
3 .......... We . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . tidied up the guest bedroom.
4 .......... She . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . paint it again for several years.
5 .......... We . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . cut it at all.
6 .......... We . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . call an ambulance.
7 . . . . . . . . . . You . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . bought any.

3 GRAMMAR IN USE Complete the conversations with the words from the box.
3.35 Listen and check.

didn’t need to do I need to don’t have ’ll need to


need to needn’t have needs to won’t need to

1 customer I’d like to join the sports club.
receptionist Right. You (0) . need
. . . . . . . . .to
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . fill in this form. Then, after we’ve processed

the form, you (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . make an appointment for a health


check. Each new member (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . have a health check before
using the equipment.
customer Oh. I (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . do that at my previous club.
receptionist Well, we have a very strict policy here. But don’t worry, it’s only an interview.
You (4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . to see a doctor or anything like that.

2 customer Here’s my camera. I’d like to get some prints made.


assistant Oh, you (5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . brought in the camera. All we need is the
memory card.
customer And I want to take some more photos. (6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . buy more film?
assistant No, you (7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . do that, it’s a digital camera. You just delete
the pictures and use the space on the memory card for your new photos.

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Practice 9
1 Match the sentences with the photos. Then write can, can’t, are allowed to or aren’t
allowed to in each gap.
A B C D E

ed to
-off.

. . . . . . . . . use your mobile phone here but you . are


0 You . can’t . . . . . . .allowed
. . . . . . . . . . . . to
. . . . . . . . . eat ice cream. C
..........

1 You . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . eat here but you . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . bring your own food. ..........

2 You . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . drive a car here but you . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ride a bike. ..........

3 You . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . wear socks here but you . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . wear shoes. ..........

4 You . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . look at things here but you . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . touch them. . . . . . . . . . .

2 GRAMMAR IN USE Read each conversation and decide whether the situation is formal or
informal. Then choose the best words in italics. 3.38 Listen and check.

1 A Good morning. This is Brinley Insurance. Could / Can I speak to Mrs Canford?
B This is Mrs Canford.
A Hello, Mrs Canford. May I / Am I allowed to ask you some questions about your
house insurance?
A I’m sorry. I’m rather busy at the moment.
B Well, can / might I you call back later?
2 A Now that everyone has given their opinion I think it’s time to take a vote.
B Mr Chairman. Might / Can I ask a question about these sales figures before we vote?
A No, I’m afraid you might not / can’t. We’ve already spent too long on this item.
3 A What’s going to happen after the new anti-smoking law starts next month?
B Well, people can’t / won’t be allowed to smoke in restaurants.
A Will they be allowed to / Can they smoke in offices?
B No, I don’t think so.
4 A This old photo of you at school is so funny. Did you always wear old jeans to school?
B No, we usually wore school uniform but we could / were allowed to wear jeans on that
day because it was the last day of term.
A Really? At my old school you could / might wear anything you liked!

3 Find six more mistakes and correct them. Tick (✓) the correct sentences.
to carry
0 People are allowed carrying guns in many parts of the USA.
1 In my country you can’t to smoke in the street.
2 In the UK, children aren’t allowed have credit cards.
3 ‘Could I use your bathroom, please?’ ‘I’m afraid you couldn’t. It’s reserved for hotel guests.’
4 I’m not allowed to make personal calls from my office phone.
5 In my country people might vote once they reach the age of eighteen.
6 After next April we can’t be allowed to bring mobile phones to school.
7 This device may not be used underwater.
8 I could use the boss’s parking space last Friday because she was away.

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Practice 9
1 Write the requests, suggestions and offers in the correct order to complete the
conversations. 3.39 Listen and check.

0 A I’m really late. I’m going to miss my train.


B station you take I’ll the to I’ll take you to the station.
...............................................................

1 A TV can please you the turn off ? ...............................................................

B Yes, sure.
2 A I really don’t understand how to work out these maths problems.
B give extra I lesson an you could ...............................................................

3 A I don’t really want to go out this evening.


B getting pizza how a about ? ...............................................................

4 A I don’t think we’re ready to order yet.


B fi ve in I back shall come minutes ? ...............................................................

5 A it bag put would in a please you ? ...............................................................

B Yes, of course, Madam.

2 GRAMMAR IN USE Complete the conversation with the words from the box.
3.40 Listen and check.

can could you help course how about I’ll let’s shall shall I would you

laura Mmm. There are so many laptops to choose from.


neil (0) .Let’
. . . . . .s. . . . . . . . . . . . ask somebody to help us.

laura OK. (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . we get one of the shop assistants?


There’s one over there. (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . go and ask
him. … Excuse me. (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . us?
assistant Of (4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I see you’re looking for a laptop.
(5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . you tell me what you’ll be using it for?
laura Yes. We want to replace our computer. It’s old and it
won’t last much longer.
assistant Right. (6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . looking at some of these ones?
neil Mmm. We also want to take it with us when we travel and those ones look pretty
heavy. (7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . get one down so we can try carrying it?
laura Oh, this one’s quite heavy.
assistant (8) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . show you some of the lighter models?

3 Complete the conversations with one word only (or a short form) in the gaps.
Use a different word each time.
1 A Mum. (0) . .Can
. . . . . . . . you help me wrap this present?

B OK, but there’s no wrapping paper. I (1) . . . . . . . . . . get some next time I go to the shops.
A Actually, I think there’s some in the kitchen drawer. (2) . . . . . . . . . . don’t we use that?
B Oh, is there? (3) . . . . . . . . . . I go and get it?
2 A Right, Mr Parsons. (4) . . . . . . . . . . you put your cash card in the reader, please? Thanks.
Now, (5) . . . . . . . . . . you type in your PIN number? Thank you.
B Will you be able to give me the cash in twenty-pound notes?
A Yes, of (6) . . . . . . . . . . .

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4 UNITS 49 AND 50 Read the article and choose the correct answer, A, B or C below. In two
9
places more than one answer is possible.

How-to Guides
12 using dry Ski Slopes
Dry ski slopes are a cheap and effective way of learning to ski
before you take the plunge and book that expensive holiday in the
mountains. But, as with all sports, there are several dos and don’ts
that you should know before you start.
• Skiers (0) . . . . . . . . . . be reasonably fit. Skiing can be physically
demanding. If you are in any doubt about your fitness you
(1) . . . . . . . . . . get a check-up from your doctor before using the slope.
• You (2) . . . . . . . . . . be an experienced skier – all levels of ability are
welcome on the dry ski slope.
• You (3) . . . . . . . . . . wear skis at all times on the slope – it isn’t safe to walk on it in ordinary shoes.
(You (4) . . . . . . . . . . bring your own skis, they are available to hire.)
• You (5) . . . . . . . . . . wear special clothes when you are on the dry ski slope, but we recommend that
you wear strong gloves as the surface of the slope can easily burn your hands if you fall. Because
of safety regulations, children under the age of sixteen (6) . . . . . . . . . . wear protective helmets.
• Most dry ski slopes have a café or restaurant so you (7) . . . . . . . . . . to bring your own food or drinks.
But remember that food and drinks (8) . . . . . . . . . . be taken onto the ski slope at any time, because
of the risk of accidents.

0 A need B mustn’t C have to


1 A will need to B mustn’t C won’t need to
2 A needn’t B must not C don’t have to
3 A need B don’t need to C must
4 A have got to B don’t have to C have to
5 A needn’t B mustn’t C don’t have to
6 A didn’t have to B must C need
7 A must not B needn’t C don’t need
8 A needn’t B must not C don’t need to

5 UNITS 46, 49 AND 50 Read the conversation and choose the correct words in italics.

mike I went skiing at the new dry ski slope last Wednesday. It was great fun.
Della Really? I didn’t know you could ski!
mike ell, I (0) can’t / mightn’t really. But you (1) mustn’t / don’t need to be an experienced
W
skier. Anyone (2) can / may do it. I mean, I’ve never skied before so I (3) must / had to
have lessons. But they have really good instructors who teach you the basics. After
about half-an-hour I (4) can / managed to start skiing reasonably well.
Della Did you (5) have to / had to wear special clothes?
mike ot really. I (6) had to / must wear skis, of course. But I (7) was able to / could hire
N
them at the slope.
Della Did you have lunch there?
mike ell, I took some sandwiches. In fact, there’s a really nice restaurant there, so I
W
(8) needn’t / mustn’t have done that.

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8 ALL UNITS Look at the signs and notices. Then complete the sentences below, using the
9
words in brackets.

0 1 2
Do not leave No ball Two
bags unattended games AA batteries
included.
at any time.

New
keep fit You are invited
3 4 5


For best results,
microwave. class: to Clare’s 30th
Village Hall, birthday party
6.30.
6 8
7 Two TV celebrities
Weather warning: Not for
Severe frost tonight. opened the new
sale to minors
shopping centre in
(under the age Bristol yesterday.
of 18).

9 10
End of season
Auditions for
SALE: Shakespeare’s Macbeth
Everything
will be held tomorrow
must go!
at the Arndale Centre

0 You . must
. . . . . . . . . .keep
. . . . . . . .your
. . . . . . . .bags
. . . . . . . .with
. . . . . . . . .you
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . at all times. (keep / bags / with you)

1 You . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . in this park. (play football)


2 We . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . – they are included. (buy / batteries)
3 I think we . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (cook / this / in the microwave)
4 How . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . tomorrow evening? It might be fun.
(try / keep fi t class)
5 She . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ; we were in the same year at school and I’m
thirty-fi ve! (be / thirty)
6 We’d . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . from the garden – there’s going to be frost
tonight. (bring / those plants in)
7 Only adults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (buy / this product)
8 What a pity I didn’t go! I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . !
(meet / someone famous)
9 That looks interesting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . and have a look?
(we / go / inside)
10 Why don’t you go? This . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . you’ve been waiting for.
(be / the chance)

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