PAPER

ANALIZE “POINT OF VIEW” IN “ROBINSON CRUSOE NOVEL

BY DANIEL DEFOE

NAME : YULESRI KUDU MAUAWANG

NPM : 1641121087

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT, UNIVERSITY OF WARMADEWA

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

PREFACE......................................................................................................................2

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the paper............................................................................3

1.2 Problem of formulation..............................................................................3
1.3 Purpose of the paper..................................................................................3

CHAPTER II

DISCUSION

2.1 Point of View by experts............................................................................4

2.2 Point of view by Klarer (1998)..................................................................4

2.3 Point Of View in Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe using the theory of

Klarer (1998)..............................................................................................5

CHAPTER III

CONCLUSION

Conclusion....................................................................................................6

BIBLIOGRAPHY.......................................................................................................7
 PREFACE

First of all Thank God, because of his blessing and mercy this paper can be finished.
This paper is made to complete the final task of the study of Prose and to make us understand
how to analize Point of view in novel . Hopefuly this paper can be understood and useful for
readers

Grateful acknowledgment is here made to those who helped this analize gather data
for this paper. This work would not have reached its present form without their invaluable
help. Thank you
 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of The Paper

Literature has an important role in human culture. Broadly interpreted,

literature is defined as all cultural artefacts that make use of literary devices, such as
narrativity, metaphoricity, symbolism. Its manifestations include novels, short stories,
poetry, theatre, film, television, and, more recently, digital forms such as hypertext
storytelling. Scientific Study of Literature (SSOL) publishes empirical studies that
apply scientific stringency to cast light on the structure and function of literary
phenomena. The journal welcomes contributions from many disciplinary perspectives
(psychological, developmental, cross-cultural, cognitive, neuroscience,
computational, and educational) to deepen our understanding of literature, literary
processes, and literary applications.

Literature itself is a common term related to the fictitious world. . Some literary works
talk about the relation between individual with God, individual with individual, and
individual with society. Since their medium is language, they not only can encourage
us to assist in producing creative and talented people, but also help those who need
recognition and support. The reader can get some moral lessons or motivation for his
life by reading literary works. It also tells how we should behave.

In addition, one of the important elements of literature is a Point Of View. Every story
is certainly told by someone that usually called a narrator. Point of view is a device
for in narrator to indicate the position from which an action is observed and narrated.
An author of a fiction must choose a point of view from which he will narrate his
story.

1.2 Problem Of Formulation

1. What is The Point View by experts

2. What is of Point of view by Klarer (1998)
3. How Point Of View in Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe using the theory
Point Of View by Klarer (1998)

1.3 The Purpose of The study

1. To know what are Point Of View by experts

2. To know Point Of View by Klarer (1998)
3. To know Point Of View in Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe using the
theory of Klarer (1998)
 CHAPTER II

DISCUSION

2.1 Theory of Point Of View by experts

Anderson (1993) as cited in Hansyar (2005) state the point of view, is who is
telling the story, that is, who eyes are we, as the reader’s seeing thought. The point of
view is chosen by the author to emphasize one character.

Hamalian (1967:445-447) was stated that point of view is a term for who tells
the story and how the story gets told. Because it is bound up with the story, point of
view could have been in the section on character obviously, and the nature and
personality of the narrator will determined in part what is seen and how it is seen. But,
because it also bound with knowing how the story gets out, point of view is intimately
connected with style. Point of view direct to the way of the story.

According to Peck (1994:68), point of view is a technique that is used by the

author to find and tell the meaning of his artistic work to the readers. The author
expects that the readers can accept his technique. Point of view has psychological
connection to the readers, and the readers need clear perception about the point of
view. The readers understanding about the novel will be influenced by a clear point of
view. Point of view is not only considered as the way of dramatic limitation but also
considered as serving the thematic definition, because a novel offers values, attitude,
and life perception which is controlled and served by the author intentionally through
point of view.

2.1 According to Klarer (1998) states, that “narrative perspective or point of

view characterizes the ways in which a text presents persons, events, and settings. The
subtleties of narrative perspective developed parallel to the emergence of the novel
and can be reduced to three basic positions: The action of a text is either mediated
through an exterior unspecified narrator (omniscient point of view) though a person
involved in the action (first person narration), or presented without additional
commentary (figural narrative situation)”.

There are two main point of view according to Klarer (1998) :

The first person point of view, is used when the narrator or storyteller uses
the pronoun “I” and the reader sees the story through thye eyes of his character. The
reader will know what this character is thinking abaout, but not other character is
thinking.

The third person point of view, is used when the narrator uses the pronouns
“he, she, they and it”. If the narrator is the outhor or someone who is not part of the
story, his point of view is called omnicient (all-knowing) point of view. The
 omnicient narrator know everything about the character and the story. However if the
narrator is one of the character in the story, his point of view is called The limited
point of view because he can only tell us about his character’s thougths and feelings
not other character’s.

2.3 Point Of View in Robinson’s using the theory of Klarer (1998)

Robinson Crusoe seemed to be a legend because of his 36-year-old adventure.

The author, Daniel Defoe, made this novel after getting inspiration from the life story
of Alexander Selkirk, an adventurer who was stranded on an island in the Pacific
Ocean and survived for four years. This novel was first published in 1719 and took
place in the year 1651-1687.

This novel tells the story of Robinson Crusoe, a British national who has a great
desire to see the outside world. When he is learning to offer him to sail, he does not
need to think long to accept it.

According to the theory of Klarer (1998), in Robinson Crusoe by Daniel

Defoe, The first person pont of view is used troughout. Through Crusoe's Eyes The
point of view is called “first person” because Robinson Crusoe narrates the story and
speaks about himself using first-person pronouns, such as “I” and “me.” For instance,
the book begins, “I was born in the year 1632, in the city of York, of a good family.”
The term “limited” means that Crusoe, as a narrator, doesn’t have access to the
thoughts or feelings of any other characters. Soon after he meets Friday, for example,
Crusoe indicates that they can only communicate by gestures: “He came and kneeled
down to me, and embracing my knees, said a great many things I did not understand.

Robinson Crusoe tells his own story retrospectively from his persona point of
view. This means that we get to read every little detail that goes on his head-very
important, since we wil be interested in the interior spiritual awakening that Crusoe
undergoes over the course of the novel.

.
 CONCLUSION

So, the conclusion here is the novel of Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe is
using theory of Klarer (1998), which in Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe, The first
person pont of view is used troughout. Through Crusoe's Eyes The point of view is
called “first person” because Robinson Crusoe narrates the story and speaks about
himself using first-person pronouns, such as “I” and “me.” For instance, the book
begins, “I was born in the year 1632, in the city of York, of a good family.” The term
“limited” means that Crusoe, as a narrator, doesn’t have access to the thoughts or
feelings of any other characters. Soon after he meets Friday, for example, Crusoe
indicates that they can only communicate by gestures: “He came and kneeled down to
me, and embracing my knees, said a great many things I did not understand.

Robinson Crusoe tells his own story retrospectively from his persona point of view.
This means that we get to read every little detail that goes on his head-very important,
since we wil be interested in the interior spiritual awakening that Crusoe undergoes
over the course of the novel.

That is all.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Pdf. Novel Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe

https://penandthepad.com/point-robinson-crusoe-22334.html

https://www.thoughtco.com/point-of-view-grammar-and-composition-1691652

http://repository.usu.ac.id/bitstream/handle/123456789/23272/Chapter
%20II.pdf;jsessionid