HTML Programming Language
HTML Programming Language
Content Wrangling
Anyone who uses the title “web designer” needs to be aware
that everything
we do supports the process of getting the content, message, or
functionality
to our users. Furthermore, good writing can help the user
interfaces we create
be more effective, from button labels to error messages.
Of course, someone needs to create all that content and
maintain it—don’t
underestimate the resources required to do this successfully.
Good writers
and editors are an important part of the team. In addition, I
want to call your
attention to two content-related specialists in modern web
development: the
Information Architect (IA) and the Content Strategist.
Information architecture
An Information Architect (also called an Information Designer)
organizes
the content logically and for ease of findability. They may be
responsible
for search functionality, site diagrams, and how the content
and data are
organized on the server. Information architecture is inevitably
entwined with
UX and UI design (defined shortly) as well as content
management. If you
like organizing or are gaga for taxonomies, information
architecture may be
the job for you. The definitive text for this field as it relates to
the web is
Information Architecture: For the Web and Beyond, by Louis
Rosenfeld and
Peter Morville (O’Reilly).
Content strategy
When the content isn’t right, the site can’t be fully effective. A
Content
Strategist makes sure that every bit of text on a site, from long
explanatory
text down to the labels on buttons, supports the brand identity
and marketing
goals of the organization. Content strategy may also extend to
data
modeling and content management on a large and ongoing
scale, such as
planning for content reuse and update schedules. Their
responsibilities may
also include how the organization’s voice is represented on
social media. A
good place to learn more is the book Content Strategy for the
Web, 2nd Edition,
by Kristina Halvorson and Melissa Rich (New Riders).
All
User Experience, Interaction, and User Interface design
Often, when we think of design, we think about how something
looks. On
the web, the first matter of business is designing how the site
works. Before
you pick colors and fonts, it is important to identify the site’s
goals, how it
will be used, and how visitors move through it. These tasks fall
under the disciplines
of User Experience (UX) design, Interaction Design (IxD), and
User
Interface (UI) design. There is a lot of overlap between these
responsibilities,
and it is not uncommon for one person or team to handle all
three.
The User Experience designer takes a holistic view of the design
process—
ensuring the entire experience with the site is favorable. UX
design is based
on a solid understanding of users and their needs based on
observations and
interviews. According to Donald Norman (who coined the
term), UX design
includes “all aspects of the user’s interaction with the product:
how it is
perceived, learned, and used.” For a website or application,
that includes the
visual design, the user interface, the quality and message of the
content, and
even the overall site performance. The experience must be in
line with the
organization’s brand and business goals in order to be
successful.
The goal of the Interaction Designer is to make the site as easy,
efficient, and
delightful to use as possible. Closely related to interaction
design is User
Interface design, which tends to be more narrowly focused on
the functional
organization of the page as well as the specific tools (buttons,
links, menus,
and so on) that users use to navigate content or accomplish
tasks.
Visual (graphic) design
Because the web is a visual medium, web pages require
attention to their
visual presentation. First impressions are everything. A graphic
designer creates
the “look and feel” of the site—logos, graphics, type, colors,
layout, and
so on—to ensure that the site makes a good first impression
and is consistent
with the brand and message of the organization it represents.
There are many methods and deliverables that can be used to
present a visual
design to clients and stakeholders. The most traditional are
sketches or mockups
(created in Photoshop or a similar tool) of the way the site
might look,
such as the home page mockups shown in FIGURE 1-4.
Now that sites appear on screens of all sizes, many designers
prefer to discuss
the visual identity (colors, fonts, image style, etc.) in a way that
isn’t tied to a
specific layout like the typical desktop view shown in FIGURE 1-
4. The idea is
to agree upon a visual language for the site before production
begins.
One option for separating style from screen size is to use style
tiles, a technique
introduced by Samantha Warren (see Note). Style tiles include
examples
of color schemes, branding elements, UI treatments, text
treatment, and mood
(FIGURE 1-5). Once the details are decided upon, they can be
implemented
into working prototypes and the final site. For more on this
technique, visit
Samantha’s excellent site, styletil.es, where you can download
a template.
Graphic designers may also be responsible for producing the
image assets
for the site. They will need to know how to optimize images for
the fastest
delivery and how to address the requirements of varying screen
sizes.