Spanish Conquest PDF

Spanish Conquest
(1521-1571)
HOUSE OF HAPSBURGS
They dominated almost the rest of Europe for

centuries
Emperor Charles the V of the Holy Roman

Empire was also King Charles I of Spain
Philip II of Spain was a Crown-Prince of

Asturias
MAGELLAN’S
EXPEDITION
(1519-1521)
MAGELLAN’S LEGAZPI FOUNDING

EXPEDITION EXPEDITION OF MANILA
(1519-1521) (1564-1565) (1571)
AGE OF EXPLORATION
RENAISSANCE PERIOD
1400’S-
PROTESTANT
1500’S COUNCIL OF
REFORMATION FOUNDING
(1517) TRENT (1545- OF CEBU
1563) (1565)
COUNTER
REFORMATION
Crusaders: have a taste of
for Asian goods
Marco Polo: accounts
wealth of China and
Southeast Asia
• Asia was considered the
source of exotic and
valuable goods
• Silk of China, Precious

stones of India and spices
of Southeast Asia
Crusaders: have a taste of
for Asian goods
Marco Polo: accounts
wealth of China and
Southeast Asia
• Asia was considered the
source of exotic and
valuable goods
• Silk of China, Precious

stones of India and spices
of Southeast Asia
Spain Vs. Portugal
Ludovico di Varthema (1512),
Francisco Serrano (1520), Duarte
Barbosa and other Portuguese
navigators arrived in the Philippines
long before Magellan did
Alexander VI issued Inter Caetera on

May 3, 1493 (East to Portugal and West
to Spain)
Treaty of Tordesillas signed in 1494

(Africa, India then Brazil to Portugal
while Aztecs to Spain)
Spain Vs. Portugal

to Spain)

Spain Vs. Portugal

to Spain)

Expeditions to the
Philippines
 Ferdinand Magellan ‘rediscovered’
the Philippines
 Magellan developed his own

theories regarding the route to
Pacific.
 King Charles listened to Magellan;

thus, appointing him as adelantado.
 Antonio Pigafetta-Chronicler;
Enrique-interpreter
Expeditions to the
Philippines
the Philippines

Pacific.

Enrique-interpreter
Expeditions to the
Philippines
the Philippines

Pacific.

Enrique-interpreter
Pigafetta’s Account
• Antonio Pigafetta – Italian astronomer,

carthographer and peographer
– Admitted as a sobresaliente
(supernumenaries), men coming from
frominent families who will join trips for the
love of adventure and advancement of military
service
– One of the 18 survivors in the battle of Mactan
– Most comprehensive narrative of Magellan’s
expedition
– Confirmed the theory of going east by sailing
west
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA
• March 16, 1521-
Magellan reached
the Philippine
archipelago.
• Mar 17- Homonhon
• March 28 Limasawa
and met Kolambu
and Si Awi (Siawi)
• Held a mass and
erected a cross
while Magellan
claimed it for Spain
• Rajah Humabon demanded that
Magellan pay tribute to him.
• Magellan countered by offering
Spanish protectorate
• Easter Day: Fr. Pedro de Valderrama
celebrated mass
• Baptism of 800 natives with
Humabon becoming Carlos, and
Humamay becoming Juana after
the Queen mother of Spain. Start of
formal Christianity in Asia
Magellan gave Juana
the image of the Sto.
Nino telling her to
keep it in place of her
idols, for it was a
memory of the son of
God
Battle of Mactan
Concepcion was burned, Trinidad was captured, leaving Victoria as

the only surviving ship with Del Cano as leader along with 18 others
World was round and more lands to colonize
Legazpi Expedition and
Success
• Arrived in Cebu on Feb 13, 1565
• Befriended Katunao of Bohol, Urrao of
Samar and Bankaw of Limasawa
• Defeated Tupas in Cebu on April 27
• Ciudad de Santissimo Nombre de Jesus
• Made peace with Tupas and was baptized
as Felipe
• Triangular fort as protection from the
Portuguese attacks
• Moved to Panay then Iloilo and befriended
Macabaog and Madidong
• Bohol (Sikatuna and Sigala)
• Sent Marshal Martin de Goiti to Manila with
120 Spaniards and 600 Panay natives
• De Goiti made a blood compact with
Matanda, Sulayman
• De Goiti landed and burned the settlement
on May 24 then returned to Panay
Foundation of Manila
• Agreed with Lakandula and

Matanda for friendship
• June 3, 1571 – Bangkusay
Battle (“Bambalito” was
defeated and eventually
made peace)
• Donated Plaza Roma in
Intramuros to Legazpi
• June 24, 1571 – Nueva
Castilla
Founding of Manila
• Effects:
1. Accomplished the need of the
Spaniards for more abundant food
supply
2. Served as transhipment point of
goods from China and Southeast
China
3. Manila is also the best suited
shipping of goods to the Spanish
colonies in America and Spain
Road to Colonization
Spaniards befriending local

chiefs
Lakandula (Carlos
Lacandola) ordered his
SANDUGO ended freedom
chiefs to build a house for
and started life as a colony
Legazpi and gave him 14
of Spain
pieces of arms and 12 big
jars of gunpowder
Matanda became Don

1571 referendum favored Fernando Malang Balagtas
Spanish presence and was interred in Manila
Cathedral
1 2 3 4 5
Exemption of the Appointment of Media anata – Spaniards Royal

datus from datus as title fee to enjoy helped the Pacification
taxes, sargento mayor, privileges and Visayans fought Decree in 1573
community cabeza etc. titles the Moros (gather info,
labor (polo) and Decendants seek friendship,
other became keep the
impositions caciques children as
caciques, make
arrangements
with the datus to
convince)
Reduccion –
Used one native Repartimiento
formed the
against another system (repartir
nucleus of
to stop revolts “to allot)
pueblos
Encomiendas Bajo Las

(Royal, Private,
were given to Campanas –
Ecclesiastical)
the caciques under the bells
Encomendar “to Settle, educate

entrust” and Christianize
Propagating the
Catholic Faith
1571 1583 1606
Augustinian Jesuits- Cebu, Recollects-

order (1571) Bohol, Samar, Northern
continued to Leyte and Mindanao,
send its Mindanao Palawan,
missionaries Zambales
to the
Philippines.
Sent to Cebu,
Iloilo, Manila,
Pangasinan,
Ilocos region
Dominicans-
Franciscans- Bataan
Southern Pangasinan,
Tagalog and Batanes,
Bicol Cagayan
1577 1587
Union of Church & the State in
Spanish Era (PATRONATO
REAL)
01 02
Officials appointed by the king & Clergy are active in the
his representative in the colony government & have political
are also defenders of the faith. powers.
Friars & are also agents of the Church officials could also serve
Spanish king as an acting Governor-General
Governor-General appoint priests such as Archbishop Francisco
to the parishes dela Cuesta (1719-1721), Bishop
Juan Arrechederra (1745-1750),
Bishop Miguel Lino de Espeleta
(1759-1761) Arcbishop Manuel Rojo
(1761-1762)

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Spanish Conquest

They dominated almost the rest of Europe for

Emperor Charles the V of the Holy Roman

Philip II of Spain was a Crown-Prince of

MAGELLAN’S LEGAZPI FOUNDING

• Silk of China, Precious

• Silk of China, Precious

Alexander VI issued Inter Caetera on

Treaty of Tordesillas signed in 1494

Alexander VI issued Inter Caetera on

Treaty of Tordesillas signed in 1494

Alexander VI issued Inter Caetera on

Treaty of Tordesillas signed in 1494

 Magellan developed his own

 King Charles listened to Magellan;

 Magellan developed his own

 King Charles listened to Magellan;

 Magellan developed his own

 King Charles listened to Magellan;

• Antonio Pigafetta – Italian astronomer,

Concepcion was burned, Trinidad was captured, leaving Victoria as

• Agreed with Lakandula and

Spaniards befriending local

Matanda became Don

Exemption of the Appointment of Media anata – Spaniards Royal

Encomiendas Bajo Las

Encomendar “to Settle, educate

Augustinian Jesuits- Cebu, Recollects-

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