A

CAPSTONE PROJECT PROPOSAL

ON
“Solar Powered IoT based weather station.”

SUBMITTED BY -

ROLL NO. NAME OF THE STUDENT CLASS

10 Raees Yunus Jamadar EJ5I
21 Yash Diliprao More EJ5I
22 Abhijeet Mansing Patil EJ5I
26 Tahir Jabbar Pirjade EJ5I

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF: Mr. S. S. Patil

Shree Prince Shivaji Maratha Boarding House’s

NEW POLYTECHNIC, KOLHAPUR
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND TELECOMMUNICATION (EJ)
(2019-20)

NPK (0047): Dept. of Electronics & Telecommunication (EJ): Capstone Project Report Page 1
 CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that following students from New polytechnic Kolhapur College

has completed Report on the Problem Definition/ Semester 5 Project Report/

Final Project Report having title IOT based Pollution monitoring system in a group

consisting of 4 persons under the guidance of the Faculty Guide Mr. S. S. Patil.

ROLL NO. NAME OF THE STUDENT Enrollment No.

10 . Raees Yunus Jamadar 1700470225

21 Yash Diliprao More 1700470309
22 Abhijeet Mansing Patil 1700470323
26 Tahir Jabbar Pirjade 1700470342

Date:- 12/10/2019

Place:- Kolhapur

Mr.S.S.Patil Mr.D.R.Sharma Mr.V.B.Shinde

(Capstone Project Guide) (HOD) (Principal)

NPK (0047): Dept. of Electronics & Telecommunication (EJ): Capstone Project Report Page 2
 Acknowledgement

It’s our pleasure to express sincere and heartiest thanks

to our Capstone Project guide Mr.S.S.Patil for his valuable guidance,

encouragement and support for the accomplishment of Capstone Project

Proposal.

We also express our sincere thanks to Principal

Mr. Shinde V. B. and Head of the Department Mr. Sharma D. R. for their

constant encouragement and motivation for the accomplishment of

Capstone Project Proposal by expressing their guidelines regarding

importance of Capstone Project Proposal in developing our career.

We are thankful to all the group members of our

Capstone Project for their valuable contribution. We are thankful to all

those persons who directly or indirectly helped us in the completion of this

project Proposal.

Name of student & Roll No.

1.Raees Yunus Jamadar - 10

2.Yash DiliparoMore - 21
3.Abhijeet Mansing Patil - 22
4.Tahir Jabbar Pirjade - 26

NPK (0047): Dept. of Electronics & Telecommunication (EJ): Capstone Project Report Page 3
  Abstract -:

In our day to day life if we want to see the weather forecast we generally use our
Smartphone but we can see only the current weather conditions whether it is rainy, sunny or
windy. The other parameters of weather i.e. Humidity, barometric pressure, and main
parameter i.e. air quality index remains unknown. Often the weather forecast we see on our
smartphones is not precise as we expect. If we want to measure these all-weather parameters
near some specific location, we can’t do that because we do not have that type of facility or
instrument to measure the temperature, humidity, barometric pressure, and air quality index.
As mentioned above we measure the different atmospheric parameters like temperature,
humidity, barometric pressure and also it is possible to measure the air quality index In today's
world the cities like Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Bangalore have faced the biggest environmental
problem which is air pollution.
. Everyone have not its own vehicle when these gases are emitted through vehicle, it is
directly mixed in the earth atmosphere and make the earth atmosphere poisonous. This gas
drops down the quality of air. This results in air pollution. We suffer from respiratory system
problems. People start finding solutions to it. We measure the air quality index which shows the
air quality in a specific area whether it is bad, average or good. It measures the VOC(volatile
organic compound) gases and gives the final output of these gases in the air quality index. By
this, we can gauge the air quality
. The project uses the IOT concept to execute the idea. The project contains two parts one is
a sensor station which senses the atmospheric parameters and the other is the weather station
which includes a display that shows all the values that we sense at the sensor end and displays
these values on the display. The sensors can be placed remotely in the our building or in the
near premises and the display station is at home always connected to home Wi-Fi and can show
the readings through IoT. For that purpose, we have used the ESP 8266 microcontroller on both
stations. We make the wireless communication between two esp8266, using http protocol. One
esp8266 acts as a server and other esp8266 acts as a client. In between these two esp8266 we
use the wi-fi router for the transmission of data. We use the BME280 sensor in the sensor
station to sense the parameters and Oled display to display the Data.

NPK (0047): Dept. of Electronics & Telecommunication (EJ): Capstone Project Report Page 4
 Contents

Sr. No. Contents Page No.

Chapter 1: Introduction or background of industry or User based
1 6
problems

Chapter 2: Literature Survey for problem identification and

2 7
specifications

Chapter 3: Proposed detailed methodology of solving the

3 9
identified problem with an action plan

NPK (0047): Dept. of Electronics & Telecommunication (EJ): Capstone Project Report Page 5
  Chapter 1- Introduction and background of industry or User based
Problems-:
The project addresses the serious problem of pollution. The pollution can be
experienced in both in public places as well as in the industries. But in our case, we consider the
indoor environment. Many people talk about the quality of air or the quality of air that we use
to breathe in our outer surroundings, but no one talks about our indoor environment air
quality. How was the quality of air in our home that we inhale to breathe? .The reason for the
indoor air quality is polluted due to the VOC (Volatile Organic Compound) gases. Volatile
organic compounds (VOCs) are emitted as gases from certain solids or liquids. VOCs include a
variety of chemicals, some of which may have short- and long-term adverse health effects.
Concentrations of many VOCs are consistently higher indoors (up to ten times higher) than
outdoors. VOCs are emitted by a wide array of products numbering in the thousands . Sources
of the VOCs are organic chemicals that are widely used as ingredients in household products.
Paints, varnishes and wax all contain organic solvents, as do many cleaning, disinfecting,
cosmetic, and degreasing and hobby products. Fuels are made up of organic chemicals. All of
these products can release organic compounds while you are using them, and, to some degree,
when they are stored
EPA's Office of Research and Development's "Total Exposure Assessment Methodology
(TEAM) Study" found levels of about a dozen common organic pollutants to be 2 to 5 times
higher inside homes than outside, regardless of whether the homes were located in rural or
highly industrial areas. TEAM studies indicated that while people are using products containing
organic chemicals, they can expose themselves and others to very high pollutant levels, and
elevated concentrations can persist in the air long after the activity is completed.

Mainly VOCs come from Household products, including paints, paint strippers, and other
solvents, wood preservatives, aerosol sprays, cleansers and disinfectants, moth repellents and
air fresheners, stored fuels and automotive products hobby supplies, dry-cleaned clothing,
pesticide. Other products, including building materials and furnishings, office equipment such
as copiers and printers, correction fluids and carbonless copy paper, graphics and craft
materials including glues and adhesives, permanent markers and photographic solutions.

NPK (0047): Dept. of Electronics & Telecommunication (EJ): Capstone Project Report Page 6
Chapter 2-Literature Survey for problem identification and specifications-:

As we have mentioned above the problem is the pollution in public places as well as in the
industry. The problem can be addressed in various ways. We searched for ways to address the
problem and found out that there are air quality meters weather stations in the market. The
possible problem was that weather parameters like temperature, humidity, pressure and air
quality index all these entities are not shown at one time. In some projects, the temperature,
humidity, pressure readings are shown separately and air quality index readings are shown
separately. AS we display the weather conditions, it is also necessary to show the air quality in
our surrounding environment. The possible problem was that no one showed the combination
of all the weather parameters and the air quality index. Another problem that we noticed was
that the quality was monitored and was displayed in that particular place itself. Means due to
fixed sensor station weather parameters are sensed in that fixed particular area. so it was not
possible to measure the weather conditions at any place we want. We can,t place the sensors
at the remote location, in short, it was unable to communicate with the user from a remote
location. Another main issue is power. The weather station and air quality system that we have
seen require an external power supply. The power supply is also a big issue. It makes
restrictions on the working of the weather station.

Some of the weather stations and pollution meters were IOT based but they also needed
internet access through the nearest Wi-Fi or Ethernet cable. Hence it was not possible to
provide internet access from the remote area and hence it was not truly an IoT device.
Here are some of the VOC and weather monitoring systems available in the market.
1) VOC Environmental Meter PCE-VOC: It is a portable handheld VOC
device. Which measure VOC content in the air.
2) Industrial scientific MX6: It is a handheld portable device used to measure VOC
3) TFA Tempus 35.5046. IT SAT: It is a weather station. It shows weather forecasts via
satellite technology to your station. It also measures outdoor temperature and
humidity.

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 4) Acurite 00638A2 wireless weather station: It is an IoT based wireless weather station
with the sensor. It measures the temperature, humidity, wind speed.

 Limitations of the following Pollution meters available are as follows -:

1. Very few of them available in the market are IoT based, which makes the user to
physically go to that place to get the readings.
2. As the IoT based meters are very few they cannot be accessed through the
home.
3. Due to a lack of IoT technology Data Logging is not possible.
4. Data mapping is not possible.
5. Many of the weather station Devices doesn’t provide us the VOC (volatile
organic compound) readings together.
6. The price is too high
7. Few of them are IoT based but their operation limits up to the local server.
8. Among the IoT devices all of them need Wi-Fi access and thus cannot be placed
in a remote location
9. Not everyone can access the data as a web server is not involved.
As we saw the different VOC meters and weather stations available in the market and
their limitations as well as their key features, we could conclude that the satisfactory product is
not available due to the existing limitations. Thus we attempt to make a product that will
hopefully eliminate the above limitations. Our product can eliminate the above limitations in
the following ways.
1. It consists of Wi-Fi-based internet connectivity, so it can be placed in a
remote location.
2. The data is sent to the WEB Server called ‘Thingspeak IoT' which uses the
Matlab algorithms to plot the graphs and data logging is also possible.
3. The Data Logged at WEB Server is retrieved at the display station which is
located at home which uses the Wi-Fi.

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 4. The Thing speaks can be set to the public domain so that all of them have
the keys can see the data logged.
5. The project senses the temperature, pressure, humidity as well as the VOC
(harmful gases).
6. As the sensor station takes power from the sun it is energy efficient
 Chapter 3- Proposed detailed methodology of solving the identified

problem with action plan-:

The problem of pollution was mentioned above and the various ways to address the
problem were also mentioned. But there were many problems regarding the VOC meters and
weather stations that we use. The biggest problem as that there were very few gives us the
privilege to measure this parameter at any location. The second was that it had a problem with
the power supply. To keep the sensor station in working we want the power, but when we
place the sensor station in an outdoor environment, it is very difficult to give the power to the
sensor station.
Our project address the main problem i.e the VOC harmful gases as well as tries to
eliminate the problems of the existing pollution monitoring systems by the ways mentioned
above. The fig below shows the Conceptual Block diagram of the attempted project.
Wirelessly transmit data
Through Wi-Fi router

BME Wi-Fi
680 router

We Mos We Mos Nextion

D1 mini D1 mini display

Power from
Power from
solar panel USB Breakout

NPK (0047): Dept. of Electronics & Telecommunication (EJ): Capstone Project Report Page 9
 The project consists of the two main Hardware Compartments, One is sensor Terminal
and another is the Display Terminal. The following is the detailed description of the project
Sensor Terminal -: This terminal is the heart of this system as it contains all the necessary
sensors to sense the temperature, pressure, humidity as well as VOC (harmful gases)
concentration. These sensors are packed in an enclosure and are connected to the
microcontroller. The sensor terminal consists of the following components -:

1.BME 680 -: BME 680 is one of the most important parts of our project.BME680 is an
integrated environmental sensor that measures barometric pressure and altitude, relative
humidity with fast response time, measures ambient temperature and volatile organic
compounds. it uses the I2c protocol for the interface. It is made by BOASCH.

2.Wemos D1 mini
Wemos D1 mini PRO is the miniature wireless 802.11(Wi-Fi) micron roller development board.
It turns the very popular ESP8266 wireless microcontroller module into a fully-fledged
development board. It has 11digital input/output pins; all pins have interrupt/PWM/I2C/one-
wireSupported (except D0). It has a micro USB connection. It uses32 bit architecture, RAM is up
to 160KB, flash memory of 16MB, GPIO pins 17, data I/O pins11,1ADC with max input 3.2V, the
clock speed of 80Mhz/160Mhz with hard reset function .data sensed by the sensor is uploaded
to Thing speak IOT platform via an HTTP POST request.

3. Display Station -:
This is the station that is used to display the data in a user-friendly manner to the user. It
is usually installed in the house or in an environment where the Wi-Fi or Ethernet access is
possible. It uses the Wi-Fi module i.e ESP8266 that'll receive the data uploaded to the Thing
speak IOT platform via HTTP GET request. The main aim of the Display station is to display the
collected data, for that purpose we'll use the NEXTION display. Nextion is the touch screen
display and can communicate with the microcontroller via UART protocol. It is a 4 wire device.
The editor for that display is also user-friendly.

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4. Thing speak IOT platform -:
Thing Speak is an IOT analytics platform service that allows you to aggregate, visualize,
and analyze live data streams in the cloud. You can send data to Thing speak from your devices,
create instant visualization of live data, and send alerts. Thing speak provides various services
like data collection, data logging, data mapping, data visualization, etc.

Open weather map -:

Open Weather Map is an online service that provides weather data, including current
weather data forecasts, and historical data to the developers of web services and mobile
applications. For data sources, it utilizes meteorological broadcast services, raw data
from airport weather stations, raw data from radar stations, and raw data from other official
weather stations. All data is processed by Open Weather Map in a way that it attempts to
provide an accurate online weather forecast. To access this service we just create an account
and received a key to access API methods by doing this we can display the weather forecast of
our city on the display.

Algorithm for the System -:

1. Since the data from the sensors.
2. Store the data in a variable.
3. Now transmit the stored data to the Wi-Fi router through TCP/IP protocol.
4. Now Wi-Fi router sends the data to the weather station.
5. Weather station receives this data using SSID of Wi-Fi router.
6. Weather stations retrieve this data.
7. Present the data onto the display.

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Action Plan :
Names of the
Sr. Details of Actual Actual
responsible
No. activity (Start date) (Finish date)
team members
Raees Jamadar,
Discussing various project Abhijeet Patil,
1 27/6/19 29/6/19
Ideas Yash More,
Tahir Pirjade
Raees Jamadar,
Finalization of the IoT based Abhijeet Patil,
2 21/7/19 28/7/19
Weather station Yash More,
Tahir Pirjade
Raees Jamadar,
Collecting Literature review Abhijeet Patil,
3 11/8/19 18/8/19
and Preparing of proposal Yash More,
Tahir Pirjade
Raees Jamadar,
Finalizing the proposal and Abhijeet Patil,
4 22/9/19 29/9/19
discussing portfolio Yash More,
Tahir Pirjade
Raees Jamadar,
Finalizing the Portfolio and
Abhijeet Patil,
5 submitting the proposal and 6/10/19 13/10/19
Yash More,
presentation
Tahir Pirjade

 References and Bibliography

Websites:

www.educ8s.tv
www.bosch.in/bme680
www.arduino.cc
https://educ8s.tv/esp8266-weather-dis...
https://www.itead.cc/wiki/Nextion_Edi...
https://www.instructables.com/id/Ardu...
https://www.instructables.com/id/WiFi...
https://www.instructables.com/id/Sola.. .

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