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    SalazarA-J ELEG631 Assignment1

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    alexsg5
    The first document discusses calculating the folding frequency of a sampled signal with two frequency components at 240 Hz and 360 Hz, where the sampling frequency is 600 Hz. It is determined that the 360 Hz component will be aliased to -240 Hz after sampling. The second document discusses aliasing in a signal sampled at 5 kHz with four frequency components, determining that two components will be aliased. The third document discusses the Fourier transform of an exponential decay signal and derives an expression for the magnitude and phase of its frequency spectrum.

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    SalazarA-J ELEG631 Assignment1

    Uploaded by

    alexsg5
    38 views7 pages
    The first document discusses calculating the folding frequency of a sampled signal with two frequency components at 240 Hz and 360 Hz, where the sampling frequency is 600 Hz. It is determined that the 360 Hz component will be aliased to -240 Hz after sampling. The second document discusses aliasing in a signal sampled at 5 kHz with four frequency components, determining that two components will be aliased. The third document discusses the Fourier transform of an exponential decay signal and derives an expression for the magnitude and phase of its frequency spectrum.

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    SalazarA-J_ELEG631_Assignment1

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    The first document discusses calculating the folding frequency of a sampled signal with two frequency components at 240 Hz and 360 Hz, where the sampling frequency is 600 Hz. It is determined that the 360 Hz component will be aliased to -240 Hz after sampling. The second document discusses aliasing in a signal sampled at 5 kHz with four frequency components, determining that two components will be aliased. The third document discusses the Fourier transform of an exponential decay signal and derives an expression for the magnitude and phase of its frequency spectrum.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    38 views7 pages

    SalazarA-J ELEG631 Assignment1

    Uploaded by

    alexsg5
    The first document discusses calculating the folding frequency of a sampled signal with two frequency components at 240 Hz and 360 Hz, where the sampling frequency is 600 Hz. It is determined that the 360 Hz component will be aliased to -240 Hz after sampling. The second document discusses aliasing in a signal sampled at 5 kHz with four frequency components, determining that two components will be aliased. The third document discusses the Fourier transform of an exponential decay signal and derives an expression for the magnitude and phase of its frequency spectrum.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 7

    Assignment #1

    1.9

    𝑥𝑎 (t) = sin (480 π t) + 3 sin (720 π t)

    F1 =240 Hz F2 =360 Hz

    Fmax=360 Hz

    Fn =Fmax*2 = Fn =720 Hz

    B ) Calculating Folding Freq. With Fs=600

    𝐹𝑠
    FF= =600/2 =300 Hz
    2

    c)Fs=600 Hz 𝑥𝑎 (nt)= X(n/Fs)


    𝑛 𝑛
    𝑥𝑎 (nt)= 2sin 2 𝜋 240 ( )+ 3 sin 2 𝜋 360 ( )
    𝐹𝑠 𝐹𝑠
    𝑛 𝑛
    𝑥𝑎 (nt)= 2sin 2 𝜋 240 ( )+ 3 sin 2 𝜋 360 ( )
    600 600
    2 3
    𝑥𝑎 (nt)= 2sin 2 𝜋𝑛 ( )+ 3 sin 2 𝜋 n( )
    5 5
    2 2
    𝑥𝑎 (nt)=2 sin 2 𝜋 n( )+ 3 sin 2 𝜋 n( 1 − 5
    )
    5
    2 2
    𝑥𝑎 (nt)= 2sin 2 𝜋 n( )+ 3 sin 2 𝜋 ( 25) = 2sin 2 𝜋𝑛 ( )- 3 sin 2 𝜋 n( 25)
    5 5
    2
    𝑥𝑎 (nt)= -2 sin 2 𝜋𝑛 ( )= -2 sin (ωn) => ω=4π/5
    5
    4
    d) Ya(t)=- 2 sin 𝜋𝑛 ( ) f= 2/5
    5

    =2 sin 2 𝜋 𝑓𝑡

    Folding frequency = 300 Hz

    Fo=Fk-kFs -Fs/2≤Fo≤Fs/2

    F1=240 Hz , F2=360Hz

    F1<Fs/2 F1 is not affected by aliasing

    F2>Fs/2 F2 is affected by aliasing

    Therefore F2’= F2 – Fs = -240 Hz

    Ya(t) = X(Fs t) =2 sin (2 𝜋 𝐹𝑠 𝑡 )= =2 sin 480 𝜋 𝑡

    1.15
    a) x(n) 0<= n <=99 Fs =5KHz Fo=[0.5,2,3,4.5]

    X(n)=Xa(nt)
    𝐹𝑜
    X(n)= sin(2 𝜋 n) -∞<n<∞
    𝐹𝑠

    The folding frequency = Fs/2=Fn >2.5 Khz

    2.5 KHz is the maximum frequency that can be showed by the signal , F 1 and F2
    are not affected by aliasing but F3 and F4 yes.

    F3 =-2kHz and F4= 500Hz


    4.2

    A 𝑒 −𝑎𝑡 , 𝑡 ≥ 0
    a) 𝑥𝑎 (𝑡) = {
    0, 𝑡 < 0

    Fourier transformation

    ∞
    Xa(F) = ∫0 𝐴 𝑒 −𝑎𝑡 𝑒 −𝑗2𝜋𝐹𝑡 𝑑𝑡
    −𝐴
    = 𝑒 −𝑗2𝜋𝐹𝑡 |∞
    0
    𝑎+𝑗2𝜋𝐹

    𝐴 𝐴
    Xa(F)= 0 − (− )=
    𝑎+𝑗2𝜋𝐹 𝑎+𝑗2𝜋𝐹

    The magnitude of spectrum :


    |𝐴| 𝐴
    |𝑋𝑎(𝐹)| = =
    √𝑎2 +(2𝜋𝐹)2 √𝑎2 +(2𝜋𝐹)2

    The angular Phase:


    𝐴
    |𝑋𝑎 (𝐹 )| =
    √𝑎2 + (2𝜋𝐹 )2
    2𝜋 𝐹
    ≤ 𝑋𝑎(𝐹) = − tan−1 ( )
    𝑎
    4.10) a) 0, 0 ≤ |𝜔| < 𝜔0
    𝑋 (𝜔 ) = {
    1, 𝜔0 < |𝜔| ≤ 𝜋

    X(n)= 1 +𝜋 𝑗𝜔𝑛
    ∫ 𝑋 (𝜔 ) 𝑒 𝑑𝜔
    2𝜋 −𝜋

    1 −𝜔0 𝑗𝜔𝑛
    1 +𝜋
    = ∫ 𝑋 (𝜔 ) 𝑒 𝑑𝜔 + ∫ 𝑋(𝜔) 𝑒 𝑗𝜔𝑛 𝑑𝜔
    2𝜋 −𝜋 2𝜋 𝜔0

    1 −𝜔0 𝑗𝜔𝑛 1 +𝜋 𝑗𝜔𝑛


    = ∫ 𝑒 𝑑𝜔 + ∫ 𝑒 𝑑𝜔
    2𝜋 −𝜋 2𝜋 𝜔0

    for n=0

    1 −𝜔0 1 +𝜋
    𝑋(0) = ∫ 𝑑𝜔 + ∫ 𝑑𝜔
    2𝜋 −𝜋 2𝜋 𝜔0

    1 −𝜔0 1 +𝜋
    = 𝜔 + 𝜔
    2𝜋 −𝜋 2𝜋 𝜔0
    1 1
    = (𝜋 − 𝜔0 ) + (𝜋 − 𝜔0 )
    2𝜋 2𝜋
    𝜋 − 𝜔0
    𝑋(0) =
    𝜋
    if n≠0

    X(n) 1 −𝜔 1 −𝜔0
    = ∫−𝜋
    0
    𝑋(𝜔) 𝑒 𝑗𝜔𝑛 𝑑𝜔 = 𝑒 𝑗𝜔𝑛 −𝜋
    2𝜋 𝑗𝑛
    =1
    𝑒 −𝑗 𝜔0 𝑛
    − 𝑒 −𝑗 𝜋𝑛
    𝑗𝑛

    n=1

    𝜋
    1 𝑗𝜔𝑛 𝜋
    ∫ 𝑒 𝑗𝜔𝑛 𝑑𝜔 = 𝑒
    −𝜔0 𝑗𝑛 𝜔0
    1
    = 𝑒𝑗 𝜋𝑛
    − 𝑒 𝑗 𝜔0 𝑛 
    𝑗𝑛

    1 1 𝑛 𝜔0
    𝑒 −𝑗 𝜔0 𝑛
    − 𝑒 −𝑗 𝜋𝑛
    + 𝑒𝑗 𝜋𝑛
    − 𝑒 𝑗 𝜔0 𝑛 = −sin 𝑛≠0
    𝑗𝑛 𝑗𝑛 𝜋𝑛

    −𝑗2𝜋𝑡𝐹0
    𝑒 , 𝑡≥0
    6.9 a) 𝑋𝑎(𝑡) = {
    0, 𝑡, < 0
    Xa(F)  Xa(t)

    Xa(t) = e-j2πFo t
    ∞ ∞ ∞
    Xa(F) = ∫0 𝑋𝑎 (𝑡)𝑒 −𝑗2𝜋𝐹𝑡 𝑑𝑡 =∫0 𝑒 −𝑗2𝜋𝐹𝑜𝑡 𝑒 −𝑗2𝜋𝐹𝑡 𝑑𝑡=∫0 𝑒 −𝑗2𝜋(𝐹𝑜−𝐹)𝑡 𝑑𝑡

    𝑒 −𝑗2𝜋(𝐹𝑜−𝐹)𝑡 ∞ 1
    Xa(F) = 0
    =
    𝑗2𝜋(𝐹𝑜−𝐹) 𝑗2𝜋(𝐹𝑜−𝐹)

    b)X(n)=Xa(nt), T=1/Fs
    j2πFo n
    X(n)= e- =𝑋𝑎(𝑛𝑡) = 𝑒 −𝑗2𝜋(𝐹𝑜)𝑛𝑡 = 𝑒 −𝑗2𝜋(𝐹𝑜/𝐹𝑠)𝑛
    Spectrum X(a)

    X(f) =∑∞
    𝑛=−∞ 𝑥(𝑛)𝑒
    −𝑗2𝜋𝐹𝑛
    = ∑∞
    𝑛=0 𝑒
    −𝑗2𝜋(𝐹𝑜/𝐹𝑠)𝑛 −𝑗2𝜋𝐹𝑛
    𝑒
    1
    =∑∞
    𝑛=0 𝑒
    −𝑗2𝜋(𝐹+𝐹𝑜/𝐹𝑠)𝑛
    =
    1−𝑒 −𝑗2𝜋(𝐹+𝐹𝑜/𝐹𝑠)𝑛

    6.10)

    Fc=50

    To avoid aliasing Fs ≥2B

    Nyquist Frequency =20kHz

    B=20  Fs= 40KHz

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