How to use EndNote – Law/Criminology

Getting Started With EndNote

EndNote is a popular bibliographic reference manager package, available for both

Windows and Macintosh, which enables you to store, organise and retrieve your
literature references, cite them in your dissertations and articles and produce
bibliographies and reading lists in a variety of formats. A similar product, Reference
Manager, is also available via the University of Manchester but EndNote
is recommended and better supported within the University.

Access to EndNote

• The University of Manchester has a site license for EndNote. The package is
installed on public PC clusters for on-campus use.
• You may obtain copies for use on other University-owned machines on or off
campus from IT Services.
• If you wish to use the software on a machine not owned by the University of
Manchester you must purchase a personal license from Adept Scientific.

EndNote versions

• Public PC clusters have EndNote XI installed.

• This contains some additional facilities compared with earlier versions but the
principal features are the same.
• EndNote XI can support multilingual text, symbols and other technical characters.

Uses of Endnote

• Store, organise, search and format your references in your own personal
EndNote database or 'library'. Using EndNote XI the size of an EndNote library is
unlimited.
• Import references from bibliographic databases to your personal library using
direct import or import filters.
• Use EndNote in conjunction with Microsoft Word to add a bibliography easily to
your document and format the bibliography in the style of your choice. The style
may then be changed without re-typing.
• Search bibliographic databases on the Internet using Connection Files (note that
in most cases this offers more limited searching than is available if you use the
database's own search engine).
• Attach images, including charts, figures and equations to your references.
• EndNote also provides pre-formatted templates for submitting papers to a
number of journals.

Creating a new EndNote Library

• Open EndNote
 • Choose File > New to create a new EndNote Library. It will be saved as an .enl
(EndNote Library) file.
• By default the Author, Year and Title fields will be displayed in the Library
window. Change these by choosing Edit > Preferences

Figure 1. An EndNote Library

EndNote and Law/Criminology

Unfortunately the major law databases of LexisLibrary, Westlaw, Hein Online and
Justis are incompatible with EndNote at present, which means that you cannot
export/import references into the EndNote software and instead have to add them
manually. This however does not mean that EndNote cannot be used as an effective
bibliographic tool by law students and researchers. EndNote FAQs.

The majority of criminology databases are compatible with EndNote. ASSIA, Criminal
Justice Abstracts, Criminology: a Sage Full-Text Collection, National Criminal
Justice Reference Service Abstracts and Sociological Abstracts are all part of CSA
Illumina; instructions for importing references into Endnote for these databases are as
follows:

• After completing your search in your chosen database (see above), mark the
records you want to export.
• Click the save, print or email link at the top of the results page.
• The record format should be full format.
• Choose Text format from Choose a document format.
 • For file format choose PC then click the save tab and save the file.

Figure 2. Importing records from a database

• Open your EndNote library and go to File and then Import or choose the Import
icon from the tool bar.
• Select the file you have just saved by clicking choose file and then open.

Figure 3. Importing references into EndNote

 • In the Import Option choose the database that you were searching. E.G. ASSIA
(CSA) N.B. If ASSIA (CSA) is not on the drop down list of import options, select
the Other Filters option on the list and choose ASSIA (CSA).
• Then click import.

PsycInfo is also compatible with EndNote; you can directly export references into
EndNote by doing the following:

• After completing your search, mark each item that you want to export to
EndNote.
• In the Results Manager box on the left of the page, select which results you
want to export and choose a field, i.e. Citation.
• Then choose the Result Format and select Direct Export. Then click Save.
• Select Export results to Endnote, Procite, Reference Manager, or Citavi and
click continue.
• When EndNote is launched, select the library you want to export your references
into and click Open.

Using Connection Files to import references to EndNote

Use a connection file to make a direct connection from EndNote to an external database
(e.g. COPAC or ZETOC). Do a simple search and pull the results directly into your
EndNote library.

Warning: this method allows only very simple searching on the external database.
Better results are often obtained by doing your search using the search facilities
provided by the external database, then using the direct export ( if provided) or
downloading the results to a text file and then importing them into EndNote using an
import filter.

Connection files are particularly suitable for importing records from services such as
library catalogues, where it is not possible to save search results and use an import filter.

• Open your EndNote Library and choose Tools > Connect

• Choose the appropriate connection file from the dropdown list and click Connect
• If the file you want is not visible, choose Connect.... to see the full list and then
choose the one you want
• A blank search form appears. Enter your search terms and click Search
• Confirm how many of the references found you want to import. Change the
number displayed if necessary and click OK. They are imported to a temporary
area.
• Review the items and delete any which are unwanted
• Click Copy all references to at the top of the references window and choose the
library you want to import to.

Manually inserting references:

• Start EndNote and choose Reference > New Reference.

Figure 4. Manually inserting a reference

• The Reference Window displays the different fields you can put data into
(author, journal, title, year etc). If you change the Reference Type at the top of
the screen (for example from journal article to book), the available fields will
change.
• Be careful to enter each item of data into its correct field. If you do not do this,
EndNote will be unable to process your data correctly.
• Enter only the raw data as EndNote will do the formatting and punctuation. Enter
author names as surname, forename - for example Smith, John

Creating a bibliography

Creating bibliographies and reading lists

The Cite while you write (CWYW) feature in EndNote allows you to insert references
from your personal EndNote library directly into a Word document and create a
bibliography automatically at the end of the text. On machines with EndNote installed
there will be a link to EndNote from the Tools menu in MSWord and an EndNote toolbar
which you can display if you wish (if it is not visible click View/Toolbars/EndNote).

Note: EndNote can only format references taken from an EndNote library. It is not
possible to search a Word document for bibliographic citations and format them directly.

How?

• Open both your document in Word and your EndNote library.

• In Word, place the cursor at the point where you wish to insert a citation
• Move to EndNote and single click the item to insert.
 • Return to Word and click Tools > EndNote > Insert Citation (or click the insert
citation icon on the toolbar)

Figure 5. Cite while you write

• A marker will appear in the text and the details of the item at the end.
• Move to the next insertion point and repeat the process with the next reference.
• Click Tools > EndNote > Format Bibliography to choose the style you want for
your bibliography (or use the icon on the toolbar).
Figure 6. Formatting your bibliography

• Once you have created the bibliography, click Tools > EndNote > Format >
Bibliography again and choose a different style. You will see the format change
automatically.
• If you need to insert further citations, the bibliography will be updated
automatically.
• If you need to search for the citation to insert, choose Tools > EndNote > Find
Citation. This transfers you to an EndNote search screen. Do the search, select
the item you need and click Insert.

Formatting your bibliography

Use the method above to format and re-format your bibliography. EndNote provides
around 1300 different output styles, including both generic types and those
corresponding to the formats required by the major journals. There are also additional
styles available for downloading on the EndNote website. Alternatively you can create
your own output style by modifying an existing style to fit your own requirements using
the Output Style Manager in EndNote. If you cannot find a suitable output style and
need help with adapting one for your purposes, contact the Law Team or take a look at
the Essay Writing and Referencing document on the Law School website.
EndNoteWeb

EndNoteWeb is freely available to all subscribers to the ISI Web of Knowledge

database, including all staff and students at the University of Manchester.

You need to create your own profile to use EndNoteWeb directly - MyEndNoteWeb.

Figure 7. EndNoteWeb library

EndNoteWeb can be used to store and organise your references. A Cite While You
Write plug-in feature is also available to download.

Unlike the EndNote software installed on all networked PCs within the University,
EndNoteWeb holds a maximum of 10,000 records, but records can be exported into an
EndNote library on a PC.

Help and support is available online at the EndNoteWeb website.

EndNote Training at the JRUL

http://www.library.manchester.ac.uk/eresources/endnote/training/

Useful EndNote Websites

OSCOLA may offer some help. Information on downloading it is at:

http://denning.law.ox.ac.uk/published/endnote.shtml
The University of Kent has produced an excellent guide to databases
compatible with EndNote at:
http://library.kent.ac.uk/library/online/endnote/compatible.shtml

Newcastle Law School has also produced a short guide with instructions
on how to download from other databases:
http://www.ncl.ac.uk/library/teaching/endnote/downloading.php

NS 25/8/09