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American International University - Bangladesh (Aiub) : Power System Analysis (Section: B)

The document discusses load flow analysis methods like Gauss-Seidel and Newton-Raphson to calculate the power flows and voltages at each bus in a power system by modeling the buses as either load buses with specified real and reactive power, generator/PV buses with specified voltage and real power, or a slack bus that can vary its real and reactive power. It provides the mathematical equations and iterative processes used in each method to solve for the unknown values at each bus by starting at the load buses and progressing to the slack bus. The document also describes using MATLAB to simulate a sample power system problem and validate the calculated results.

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M. K. Rashedin
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45 views9 pages

American International University - Bangladesh (Aiub) : Power System Analysis (Section: B)

The document discusses load flow analysis methods like Gauss-Seidel and Newton-Raphson to calculate the power flows and voltages at each bus in a power system by modeling the buses as either load buses with specified real and reactive power, generator/PV buses with specified voltage and real power, or a slack bus that can vary its real and reactive power. It provides the mathematical equations and iterative processes used in each method to solve for the unknown values at each bus by starting at the load buses and progressing to the slack bus. The document also describes using MATLAB to simulate a sample power system problem and validate the calculated results.

Uploaded by

M. K. Rashedin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AMERICAN INTERNATIONAL

UNIVERSITY – BANGLADESH (AIUB)


POWER SYSTEM ANALYSIS (SECTION : B)

Experiment No : 06
Experiment Name : Load Flow Analysis using
Gauss-Seidel and Newton- Raphson Methods.
Date of Submission : 14/09/2020
Section : B
Submitted By :
Name : Adity Roy
ID : 17-34088-1
Introduction: To be familiar with Load Flow Analysis using Gauss-Seidel and Newton-
Raphson methods.

Theory and Methodology: To calculate the power system parameters generally nodal analysis
is used. In the subject node if Kirchhoff's current law is applied then the following equation
would be achieved; Total injected current = Summation of outgoing currents For example let us
consider a system having two nodes node 'i' and 'j'.
Load (or PQ) bus: At load bus the real and reactive power are specified, and the bus voltage as
well as the voltage angle will be calculated. Generally all the busses that do not have a generator
connected to it are considered as load bus. The voltage and the voltage angle of a load bus vary
with the active and reactive power consumption.

Generator (or PV) bus: A generator bus is a bus where generally a generator is connected and
the node voltage is kept constant. The active power 'P' is also constant. The voltage and active
power is kept constant in this bus thus the slack bus can deal with the variation in active and
reactive power generation and consumption. A generator works best at full load. That is why it is
better to keep active power and the bus voltage at PV bus fixed.
Slack bus: Slack bus is the special generator bus which generally serves as the reference of the
system. In a slack bus the voltage magnitude and the angle are known parameters. Where active
and reactive power are unknown and can be changed based on the system requirement.

Gauss-Seidel Method: In a three bus system if there is one slack, one PQ and one PV bus then
the calculation can be started from the PQ bus. If in the 1 bus 'i' is slack, 'j' is PV and 'k' is a PQ
bus then, the apparent power S3 can be represented;

In Gauss-Seidel method the unknown values are calculated from the known values in iterations.
The unknown parameters in first iteration is assumed then using the assumed value other
unknown values are calculated in multiple iterations until the difference between two
consecutive values (in-in-1) reach within a tolerant value.

Newton-Raphson Method: In a three bus system if there is one slack, one PQ and one PV bus
then the calculation can be started from the PQ bus. If in the 1 bus 'i' is slack, 'j' is PV and 'k' is a
PQ bus then, the apparent power S3 can be represented. (See Equation Number 8, 9 and 10 from
Gauss-Siedel Method) Now, the active and reactive power on the bus ‘k’ can be calculated as;
The calculated values are initially considered equal to the specified values and used to calculate
the unknown voltages and angles for the first time. After first iteration the new calculated values
are chosen.

Software :

MATLAB 2016
Problem Statement :
Codes :

Result :

In this experiment the calculated value and the simulated value is almost same.

Discussion :

Reference(s):

[1] Stevenson, W. D. (1982). Elements of power system analysis. New York: McGraw-Hill.

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