Learning Experiences/Study Guide

Status
(Put a check mark Learning Activities Time Frame Module Page/s
when you are done
with each activity)

1. Read Lesson 1: Interpretation of Page 2-3

Plans

2. Exercise 1 August 24, 2020 Page 3

3. Exercise 2 Page 3-4

4. Exercise 3 Page 4

5. Exercise 4 Page 5-6

6. Read Lesson 2: Tools, Materials Page 6

and Equipment used in Stake-out August 25, 2020
Building Lines

7. Exercise 5 Page 7

8. Read Lesson 3: Lumber Page 7-9

August 26, 2020
9. Exercise 6 Page 9-10

10. Read lesson 4: Personal Protective Page 11-12

Equipment

11. Exercise 7 August 27, 2020 Page 12

12. Compare all your answers in each Page 13

activity to answer key

Note: Practice Personal Hygiene protocols at all times.

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 CARPENTRY 12
Name of Learner/Pangalan: Grade Level/Lebel:
Section/Seksiyon: Date/Petsa:

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

L.O. 1 Prepare materials for stake-out building lines
Background Information for Learners
Most of people are wondering how buildings are constructed. Such line of thinking heighten your
interest in Carpentry. Buildings, houses, garage and other construction works started with a very
essential step which is stake-out building lines. It serves as a guide for the workers for the construction
of columns, beams, walls etc. One can also visualize how the building will sit on the area when building
lines are laid out. The building lines translate the dimensions specified by different working plans like
floor plan.
Is it necessary to stake-out building lines? Of course it is! It is the foundation of most of the works
in building constructions. If building lines are not properly laid-out then you’ll expect for future
problems and it will waste your time, money and effort.
Before we proceed with the actual work, everything should be planned including the materials,
tools and equipment needed to finish the job. In this activity sheet, we will be able to identify and
choose the right materials, tools and equipment in staking-out building lines. Remember all your
learnings in previous years about these stuffs and let’s see how will you use them in these activity. Keep
learning and enjoy!

Learning Competency with code :

Prepare/Stake-out Building Lines (TLE_IACP9-12BLIa-h-1)

Lesson 1: Interpretation of Plans

Prior to the preparation of the tools, materials and equipment to stake-out building lines, one should be
well-versed on the working plans because this is our basis on what appropriate tools, materials and equipment
to be prepared. Read and study each item carefully to fully understand
different plans the workers will look at when one is about to do the job.

1. Site plan - A site plan shows the contours, boundaries, roads, utilities, trees,
structures, and any other significant physical features on or near the
construction site. The locations of proposed structures are shown in outline. 

2. Plot plan- The plot plan shows the survey marks with the elevations and
the grading requirements. The plot plan is used by the Engineering Aids to
set up the corners and perimeter of the building using batter boards and
line stakes, as shown in the samples. Thus, the plot plan furnishes the
essential data for laying out the building.

Note: Practice Personal Hygiene protocols at all times.

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3. Floor plan- An architectural or structural floor plan shows the structural
characteristics of the building at the level of the plane of projection. A
mechanical floor plan shows the plumbing and heating systems and any
other mechanical components other than those that are electrical. An
electrical floor plan shows the lighting system and any other electrical
systems. 

4. Foundation plan- A foundation plan is a plane view of a structure. That is, it

looks as if it were projected onto a horizontal plane and passed through the
structure. In the case of the foundation plan, the plane is slightly below the
level of the top of the foundation wall. It shows the location of the
foundations including plinth beam, footing etc. 

5. Elevations- The front, rear, and sides of a structure, as they would appear
projected on vertical planes, are shown in elevations. Studying the elevation
drawing gives you a working idea of the appearance and layout of the
structure.

Exercise 1: Answer the following guide questions. Use a separate paper for
your answers.
Guide questions:
1. What feature/s makes the site plan unique?

2. What is the purpose of plot plan in setting up batter boards?

3. Why do we need to provide or to have floor plan when staking-out building lines?

4. Is there a need for foundations to be laid out since they are just sitting above or below the ground?
Why?

5. What are the views that are necessary to be included in elevation? Are they really important?
Why?

Note: Use guide questions to further investigate and understand each plan. You may access the
internet for more references.
Exercise 2: Identify the following examples of different plans below. Write your answer
in a separate paper.

1.

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 3. 4
.

5
.

Exercise 3: After getting familiarized with the different basic plans used in construction, what
makes them important to you as a carpenter specially in the preparation of materials, tools and
equipment in any kind of work in building constructions? To answer this question, make a paragraph
with at least 5 sentences using either English or Filipino. See the rubrics below for your guidance. Use a
separate paper for your response.

Criteria 5 3 1
The content is The content points The content is not
tangent to the something else but is connected to the
Content
topic. somewhat connected to topic.
the topic.
The details has a The details are not well Not organized
smooth flow and organized but
Organization
very comprehensive.
comprehensive.
No grammatical Few grammatical errors Lot of
Grammar errors grammatical
errors.

15-13 = Excellent
12-1o= Very good
9-7 = Good
6-3= poor

Note: Practice Personal Hygiene protocols at all times.

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 Exercise 4

Directions: The following are the tools/power tools, materials and equipment used in stake-out
building lines. Arrange the jumbled letters to reveal their names. Good luck!

1. Picture Jumbled Letters Arrange Letters

MBUPL BBO
4.
Example __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
WLCA MEHAMR
2. PEAT UREMASE T A P E M__ EASURE
CILPEN __ __ __ __ __

3. __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
ERTWA ESHO VLEEL
__ __ __ __ __

10.

SITRAN LVLEE __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
__ __

11.
__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
ONYLN INTRGS
__ __
5.
12. __ ____
____
____
__-__
NOCOMMN ____
__ __
AYL - TOUEIRW ILANS
UARESQ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
__ __ __ __ __
13.
KET RCSEW __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
5. __ __ __ __ __ __
EDGESL HRMMEA
__ __ __ __ __ __
6. __ __ __ __ __ - __ __ __
CSSOR - TCU WAS
__ __ __
7.
YTR UARESQ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __

8. __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
CTRELEIC LIDRL
__ __ __ __ __
9.
__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
Note: Practice Personal Hygiene protocols ESLLCDOR
at all times. DLIRL
5__ __ __ __ __
 Lesson 2: Tools, Materials and Equipment used in Stake-out Building Lines
The following are the tools, and equipment used in stake-out building lines. Read them carefully and do the
activity that follows.
1. Tape measure - It is used to measure long dimensions.
2. Plumb Bob - It is used to find vertical reference of line.
3. Pencil - It is used to mark rough lines
4. Water hose level - It is used to established horizontal line of reference.
5. Claw hammer- It is used to drive and pull nails.
6. Lay-out square - A large square usually made of steel or wood, that is used as reference in squaring
building lines.
7. Sledge Hammer - A more massive hammer than claw hammer that is used to drive pegs/stake to the
ground.
8. Cross-cut saw - If possible batter boards should not be cut because it is a waste of material. But there are
times that batter boards need to be cut due to some circumstances.
9. Try square- It is used to make square lines as a marker for the end point of dimensions.
10. Electric/corded drill or Cordless drill - A power tool used to drive screws to fasten the batter boards to
stakes instead of nails. It is very convenient and faster to use.
11. Transit level - A primary survey fieldwork consists of measuring horizontal and vertical angles or
directions or extending straight lines.
12. Nylon string- A string line that is stretched from one batter board to another anchored by nails or saw
kerf on the batter boards. It represents the dimension of the building. This stretched lines are called
reference/building lines.
13. Common wire nails - It is used to fasten batter boards to stakes and provides anchorage to the strings.
14. Tek screw - A screw, with 8 mm hex head, that is used to fasten batter boards to stakes. It has a stronger
hold than common wire nails and easier to remove with electric or cordless drill.
Exercise 5
Directions: Complete the “Reaction Mania” by drawing reactions(emojies) on the space provided. Draw
the Love reaction ( ) if both statement are true , Haha reaction ( ) if only the first statement is true
, Sad reaction ( )) if only the second statement is true and Angry reaction ( ) if both statement
are false.
1. A. Nylon strings are stretched to represent reference/building lines.
B. Lay-out square is a small wooden square that is used to square the building lines accurately.
2. A. Water hose level is used to check the plumbness of a line.
B. In measuring dimensions in construction, one must use tailor’s tape for precise measurements.
3. A. Sledge hammer is used in driving large nails.
B. Claw hammer is used to drive pegs/stakes to the ground.
4. A. If common wire nails are used in as fastening material in setting of batterboards then
a cordless drill is the most suitable to use in driving them.
B. A regualr pencil is used for marking very fine lines on batter boards.
5. A. Preparation of appropriate tools, materials and equipment in stake-out building
lines is very important as it saves time, money and effort in the long run.
Note: Practice Personal Hygiene protocols at all times.
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 B. The materials that are to be used are based on the plan specified by the
engineer or any authorized person regarding plans.

Lesson 3: Lumber
A. Lumber- Lumber varies greatly in structural characteristics. A carpenter must learn
about lumber so that he can choose the most suitable material for each job
1. Grades- Lumber, as it comes from the sawmill, is divided into three main classes: yard
lumber, structural material and factory and shop lumber. It is classified on the basis of
quality. The carpenter must choose a quality that is suitable for the intended purpose. At
the same time, he must exercise economy by not choosing a better (and therefore more
expensive) grade than is required. Lumber is subdivided into classifications of select
lumber and common lumber.
 Select Lumber - Select lumber is of good appearance and finishing. It is identified by
the following grade names for comparison of quality:
 Grade A is suitable for natural finishes and is practically clear.
 Grade B is suitable for natural finishes, is of high quality, and is generally clear.
 Grade C is suitable for high-quality paint finishes.
 Grade D is suitable for paint finishes between high-finishing grades and common
grades and has somewhat the nature of both.
 Common Lumber - Common lumber is suitable for general construction and utility
purposes. It is identified by the following grade names for comparison of quality:
 No. 1 common is suitable for use without waste, it is sound and tight knotted, and
it may be considered watertight lumber.
 No. 2 common is less restricted in quality than No. 1, but of the same general
quality. It is used for framing, sheathing, and other structural forms where the
stress or strain is not too great.
 No. 3 common permits some waste, and it is lower in quality than No. 2. It is used
for such rough work as footing, guardrails, and rough flooring.
 No. 4 common permits waste, is of low quality, and may have coarse features such
as decay and holes. It is used for sheathing, subfloors, and roof boards in the
cheaper types of construction, but its most important industrial outlet is for boxes
and crates.
 No. 5 common is not produced in some kinds of lumber. It is used for boxes,
crates, and dunnage, for which the quality requirement is very low.

CODE FOR SURFACED LUMBER

Code Meaning
S1E SURFACED 1 EDGE
S2E SURFACED 2 EDGES
S1S SURFACED 1 SIDE
S2S SURFACED 2 SIDES
S1S1E SURFACED 1 SIDE AND EDGE
Note: Practice Personal Hygiene protocols at all times.
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 S2SIE SURFACED 2 SIDES AND 1 EDG
S1S2E SURFACED 1 SIDE AND 2 EDGES
S4S SURFACED 4 SIDES

2. Sizes - Lumber is usually sawed into standard dimensions (length, width, and
thickness). This allows uniformity in planning structures and in ordering materials. Table
1 lists the common widths and thicknesses of wood in rough and in dressed dimensions in
the US. Standards have been established for dimension differences between the quoted
size of lumber and its standard sizes when dressed.
Quoted size refers to dimensions prior to surfacing. These dimension differences must be
taken into consideration. A good example of the dimension difference is the common 2 x 4. As
shown in Table 1, the familiar quoted size 2 x 4 is the rough or nominal dimension, but the actual
dressed size is 1 1/2 x 3 1/2 inches. Lumber is sawn in standard sizes used for light framing.
• Thickness: 1, 2, and 4 inches.
• Width: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 inches.
• Length: 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, and 20 feet.
The actual dimensions of dressed lumber are less than the sawn dimensions because of
drying and planing (or finishing). For the relative difference between sawn (standard or nominal)
dimensions and actual sizes of construction lumber, see Table 2-1.

Table 1. Nominal and dressed sizes of lumber

Plywood is usually 4 x 8 feet and varies from 1/8 to 1 inch in thickness.

In staking-out building lines, lumber is used as batter boards and stakes. The general
principle of choosing batter boards is that if possible choose a lumber that has at least 1
straight side. But if lumber does not have any straight sides, the way it is attached in the
stakes will do the trick.

Note: Practice Personal Hygiene protocols at all times.

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 Stakes/pegs are also made from wood wherein the batter boards are fastened or
attached. Stakes are pointed and driven into the ground by sledge hammer or any improvised
tools to facilitate the work.
Lumber is used in stake-out building lines because of its versatility. It can be cut and
joined together easier compared to steel. It is also lighter to carry and cheaper. Lumber is
also durable and can withstand great loads

Exercise 6:
Directions : Read each test item carefully and answer them. Write the letter of your answer
beside before each number.
1. What kind of lumber is suitable for finishing works?
A. Select lumber C. Common lumber
B. Yard lumber D. Structural lumber
2. It is a term used to compare the quality of select lumber
A. Class B. Type C. Grade D. Gauge
3. What kind of lumber will a rough carpenter will choose if he has to work general
construction and utilities.
A. Structural lumber C. Common lumber
B. Yard lumber D.Select lumber
4. All of the following are the characteristics of No. 1 common lumber except one.
A. It is suitable for use without waste.
B. It is sound and tight knotted.
C. It may be considered watertight lumber.
D. It is best for interior finish.
5. If the nominal size of the lumber is 2” x 4”, what would be its dressed size?
A. 2” x 3 1/2” C. 1 3/4” x 4”
B. 1 1/2” x 3 1/2” D. none of these.
6. Why do we need to have standard sizes of lumber?
A. To make the saw milling of logs easier and faster
B. To lessen the work of measuring varied dimensions
C. For better storage
D. To allow uniformity in planning structures
7. You are ordering lumber from hardware and you need 2 surfaced-side lumber, what code
will you indicate or tell?
A. 2SE B. 2SS C. S2S D. SS2

8. Using the general rule of choosing batter boards, at least how many straight sides a lumber
should have?
A. 4 B. 3 C. 2 D. 1
Note: Practice Personal Hygiene protocols at all times.
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 9. Why is it lumber is chosen as the main material in staking-out building lines rather that
steel.
A. Lumber possesses great aesthetic value that adds beauty to work.
B. Lumber is an insulator that prevents electrocution when staking-out building lines.
C. Supply of lumber is abundant.
D. Lumber is easier to work on, light to carry and cheaper.
10. What is the purpose of pointed end of stakes?
A. It makes the stakes easier to drive.
B. It prevents cracking of the stakes when driven.
C. It avoids sinking of the batterboards because of load carried by stakes.
D. Both B and C

Lesson 4: Personal Protective Equipment

Safety in workplace is always the priority. Most of the time good practices put you away from
accidents and wearing appropriate Personal Protective Equipment(PPE) is one of those
practices. Below are the PPE used in construction.

Picture PPE Name Use/Function

It protects the head from

Hard hat falling objects that may cause
injuries to your head.
1.

2.
Ear protection avoids too
Ear Protection much noise that can cause
damage to eardrums.

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 3.
Eyes are very delicate organ
and slower to heal when
Eye goggles damaged so eye goggles must be
used to avoid any foreign objects
that may damage the eyes.

4.
It is worn to cover the mouth
and nose that protects the
Face mask respiratory system. It filters dust
and fumes that come from
industrial waste.

5. Gloves usually have

rubberised part to increase grip
Gloves to avoid accidents. It also
protects the hands from any cuts
or blows.

6.
It is worn to protect most of
Protective clothing/ Working our body parts. It protects the
clothes body from cuts, sun burn, blows
and sometimes electric shock.

7.
A pair of shoes that usually
have a metal plate to protect the
foot from sharp objects especially
Safety shoes
in construction sites. It also
protects the foot from falling
objects.

Exercise 7
Directions: Below are accidents that always occur in workplace. Study them carefully and choose
what appropriate PPE to be worn to avoid the accident or at least lessen the injury. Write your
answer before each number.
1. Mr. Deric was hospitalized due to Asthma. The doctor learned that his co-workers were milling
lumber for structural frameworks.
2. There were huge commotion in the construction site because one of the worker passed out and his
head is bleeding. Beside him was a cut of heavy timber fell from the scaffolding.
3. A sudden shout was heard by the foreman. He acted quickly and saw his worker crying while
holding his foot.
4. Uncle Joseph, a school utility worker, went to school clinic. His hammer slipped and went through
his bare left foot.
5. Ben, a furniture maker, is trying to reach the paint thinner. The bottle cap was not tighten and
Note: Practice Personal Hygiene protocols at all times.
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 when Ben reach it, the thinner splashes through his eyes.
6. A trainee of Carpentry class were sent outside to perform stake-out building lines. When he
came back for a rest he noticed that his nape is burnt.
7. Knowing that a sliding miter saw is powerful and noisy, the student continued to use it and
experienced temporary deafness
8. It was a rainy day. One of the workers caused accident because he lifted a heavy metal tube with
bare hands and slipped. The tube fell and hit his co worker’s head. He was sent to emergency room
because of broken skull.
9. A company is working at the 7th storey of the building. One of the crane’s hook disengage to its
chain and dropped over the workers foot.
10. Because of the hardness of the wood, the nail that should be driven flew and hit the workers leg.

References:

G. Salandaan. Stake-out Building Lines, 2011

Rubrics/Model answers/Answer keys

Exercise 1 model answers:
1. The feature that makes the site plan unique is that it gives you the idea about other physical
features of the site for further planning.
2. Using the plot plan, the Engineer aids are able to locate the corners as a basis for the batter boards.
It also give use a clear idea of the boundaries of the land.
3. Floor plan is essential in stake-out building lines as it indicates the dimension of the building
including the partitions inside the building.
4. Laying out the foundation is a must because columns and walls sit on top of it. If foundations are
not properly laid out, the columns and walls and other building parts will follow as well.
5. The views that are to be included are rear view, front view, and side view. All of the sides of the
buildings should be illustrated to give the workers a clear view of what the building will look life if
finished. Also, most of the vertical measurements are indicated in these views.
Exercise 2 answer key: Exercise 5 answer key:
1. Floor plan 1. HAHA reaction
2. Elevation plan 2. ANGRY reaction
3. Site plan 3. ANGRY reaction
4. Foundation plan 4. ANGRY reaction
5. Plot plan 5. LOVE reaction
Note: Practice Personal Hygiene protocols at all times. Exercise 6 answer key
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1. A 6. C
2. C 7. C
Exercise 4 answer key
1. TAPE MEASURE
2. PLUMB BOB
3. PENCIL
4. WATER HOSE LEVEL
5. CLAW HAMMER
6. LAY-OUT SQUARE
7. SLEDGE HAMMER
8. CROSS-CUT SAW
9. TRY SQUARE
10. ELECTRIC DRILL
11. CORDLESS DRILL
12 TRANSIT LEVEL
12. NYLON STRINGS
13. COMMON WIRE NAILS

14. TEK SCREW

Prepared by:

LLOYD BRYAN S. DERIC

Teacher 1

Note: Practice Personal Hygiene protocols at all times.

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