UNIT 4 : ANALITYCAL EXPOSITION

Pengertian dan Tujuan Analytical Exposition

Secara bahasa, “Analytical” bermakna, “examining or liking to examine things very carefully” (Cambridge). Artinya, (suka
memeriksa / menguji sesuatu secara hati-hati). Sedangkan makna exposition sendiri yaitu “a comprehensive description”
atau penjelasan secara luas.
Dengan demikian, pengertian Analytical Exposition bisa dipahami sebagai text yang mencoba memberikan penjelasan
secara komprehensif tentang suatu masalah dengan menampilkan pendapat-pendapat pendukung secara hati-hati.

Generic Structure Analytical Exposition Text

Thesis
Seperti pada jenis teks lainnya, thesis ini berisi pandangan penulis tentang suatu masalah secara lebih sederhana.

Series of Argument
Series of Argument berisi beberapa penjelasan lanjutan dari keterangan sederhana dalam thesis statement. Ketika
menulis argument ini, diusahakan agar lebih teliti lagi karena pada bagian inilah sebuah tulisan bisa mempengaruhi
pembaca. Jika perlu, sertakan pendapat menurut para ahli.

Conclusion
Conclusion sering juga disebut dengan reiteration. Pada bagian ini, kita hanya dituntut untuk menyimpulkan, atau lebih
sederhananya kita mengungkapkan kembali apa yang dijelaskan pada thesis statement.

Purpose of Analytical Exposition Text

, “to attempt to persuade the reader to believe something by presenting one side of the argument.”

Language Feature of Analytical exposition Text:

– Using Simple Present Tense
– ada beberapa agument yang diawali dengan, firstly, secondly, thirdly..
– Ada frase berikut :
From the fact above …
I personally believe ….
Therefore, my conclusion is ….
In conclusion …

Contoh Analytical Exposition Text – The Importance of Internet for Education

(Thesis)

The impact of internet in education has been far reaching and still developing. It has created instant access to a wide
variety of research information to help students learn.

(Argument)

Nowadays, internet access has created the potential for students to learn new material easily. The time students have at
class is limited, so the teacher sometimes cannot give all the explanation needed. In this case, internet can help students
to get more explanation.

(Argument)

Internet has become now way of life. In the future, on students’ working life, they will have to use internet. So it is wise
for the teacher to give assignment which related to it. For example, teacher can ask students to give the assignment via
e-mail.

(Reiteration)

Internet has big impact on education. There are many positive things students and teacher can get from it.
Contoh Analytical Exposition Text – Fast Food is not Good
(Thesis)

Everyone should think twice before deciding to eat fast food. There are many health risks when it comes to eating food
that’s made within a matter of seconds.

(Argument)

The food is not properly taken care of, which leads all the way back to where the food is originally produced.

(Argument)

The health risks that come from eating so much fast food are life-threatening. Obesity can come from eating fast food
that’s bought often.

(Reiteration)

However, fast food is one of the easiest and cheapest ways of eating. It saves a lot of time and money, especially for
people who are coming home from work. There are many health risks when it comes to eating food, so think twice before
eating fast food.

Smoking in Restaurant

Smoking in restaurants is just not on.  It must not be allowed because it is rude, harmful to others and dangerous for the
smokers.

Firstly, smoking in a restaurant is impolite.  The smell of the smoke affects all people and can turn them off their food. 
People pay to taste good food and not to be put off by foul smelling smoke.

Another reason smoking should not be allowed in restaurant is the harm it can do to others.  Passive smoking that is
breathing in smoke made by a smoker can lead to asthma attacks and even cancer.

Finally, smoking is dangerous and a health risk to the smokers.  Cigarettes cause heart and lung disease and people
should not smoke anywhere, not just in restaurants.

Therefore, smoking in restaurants is impolite, harmful to others and a health risk to the smokers and should not be
allowed in any restaurants.

1.  Smoking in the restaurants must be avoided because……

a.  It is harmful to others c. It is impolite
b.  It’s dangerous to the smokers d. It can cause hearth and lung disease e. All answers are correct
 
2.  We have many reasons to say that smoking must be avoided.  The word reasons mean…..
a.  conclusion c. point of view
b.  Argument d. Reinforcement e. statement

3.  Since we can find a thesis, arguments and reiteration in the text, so we can conclude that this text belongs to…..
a. description c. narration
b. Anecdote d. Procedure e. analytical exposition

4.   What is the purpose of the text?

a. To inform the readers to the readers d. To persuade to the readers
b. To describe to the readers e.  To tell a story to the readers
c. To argue about smoking to the readers
 
5.  The synonym of the word dangerous in the text is……
a. rude b.Impolite c. health risk d. Harmful e.disease
6. Smoking in restaurants is just not on.  It must not be allowed because it is rude, harmful to others and dangerous for
the smokers.The sentence above characterize as….. of the text.
a. thesis b. Arguments c. Reiteration d. topic sentence e. supporting details

7.  Smoking in restaurant should not be allowed.  It means that…..

a.  people should do smoking in restaurant d. people should not  do smoking in restaurant
b.  people must not smoking in restaurant e. people must not smoke in restaurant
c.  people should smoke in restaurant

Seat Belts
Nowadays, the police have been applying the new regulation concerning the use of seat belts. In European countries,
this regulation has been applied for a long time. However, this new regulation has become controversial and is an
interesting topic to discuss. Here are some of the arguments.

The use of seat belts has been proven to reduce the risk of injury or death in an accident. Seat belt has become a
standard component in cars. The research shows that most car accident will cause an injury to the head. Frequently,
drivers or the passengers driving without seat belts die because of this. By wearing the seat belts, the injury will not
happen since belts restrain our body on the car seat when the accident happens.

Unfortunately, many cars, especially the old ones, don’t have seat belts. This is because the traffic conditions in the
past were unlike the recent traffic conditions. The designer of old cars didn’t consider a seat belt as an important part.
Besides, the drivers wearing the seat belt will think that they are completely safe, so they may drive carelessly. They
are safe, indeed, but how about safety of others?

The seat belt is only one of the ways to reduce the risk of car accidents. It doesn’t mean that we are completely safe.
In short, our safety depends on ourselves.

8. Which one is true according to paragraph 3?

(A) old cars do not use seat belts
(B) the old cars have seat belts for their safety
(C) the drivers wearing seat belts may drive carefully
(D) the traffic conditions in the past were similar to the recent
(E) the old cars’ designer considered a seat belt as an important part

9. What is the function of seat belts?

(A) to reduce the traffic conditions (D) to become a standard component in cars
(B) to reduce the risk of injury or death in an accident (E) to prevent the drivers driving cars carefully
(C) to increase the risk of injury in car accidents

10. Who considered a seat belt as an unimportant part?

(A) police (B) people (C) drivers (D) passengers (E) old cars designers

11. “… that they are completely safe.” (Paragraph 3)

What does the word ‘they’ refer to?
(A) cars (B) seat belts (C) drivers (D) designers (E) others
 Use of Formalin and Other Additives in Foods
The use of formalin and other dangerous preservatives in food has been serious problem for three reasons. Firstly,
formalin is not for human beings, but it is for biological specimens and experiments. Formalin in Biology is a 10%
solution of formaldehyde in water which is usually used as a disinfectant or to preserve biological specimens. Thus, it is
not for food preservatives. Of course when it is used for food preservative, it will be very dangerous to human’s body.

The second reason is that there is no tight control from the government. This condition makes the people’s health is
really in a threat. When the control is weak and the use formalin was spread wide all over the Indonesian regions, and
these days it has really happened, the citizen's bodies will be badly contaminated with the poisons. Fish or food traders
still sell their products which contain formalin and dangerous preservatives. Can you imagine that our digestive system
absorbs the substance that should be for the human and animal corpses?

Considering the reasons, we can make a conclusion that the use of formalin and other preservatives is really a serious
problem if it is not resolved immediately.

12. Why is formalin dangerous for human`s body?

A. It is not food preservatives.  D. It is a disinfectant for human beings. 
B. It is used to preserve biological specimens.  E. It is 10% solution of formaldehyde in water. 
C. It is controlled flighty from the government.

13. The main idea of paragraph 2 is ....

A. the human`s bodies will be harmful after consuming the formalin 
B. the government has not controlled the use of formalin firmly. 
C. the weak control of using formalin is not threatening the human 
D. the human`s bodies will be harmful after consuming the formalin 
E. the use of formalin is known all over the regions

14. Based on the facts above, the writer suggest that ... 
A. people have to avoid consuming formalin in their food 
B. the use of formal dehyde is necessary to control the food 
C. people should add 100% solution of formaldehyde in water 
D. the food preservative is required to make the food delicious 
E. food seller is supposed to pour formalin for vegetables and food products
In Australia there are three levels of governments, the federal government, state governments and local governments.
All of these levels of government are necessary. This is so for number of reasons. First, the federal government is
necessary for the big things. They keep the economy in order and look after like defense. Similarly, the state
governments look after the middle sized things. For example they look after law and order, preventing things like
vandalism in school. Finally, local government look after the small thins. They look after things like collecting rubbish,
otherwise everyone would have disease. Thus for the reason above, we can conclude that the three levels of the
government are necessary.

15. What kind of text is this?

A. Analytical Exposition B. Report C. Hortatory Exposition D. Explanation Text

16. Who is responsible for defense?

A. Federal government C. State Government
B. Federal and State Government D. Federal and Local Government E. Local Government

17. The litter management is the responsibility of ....

A. all governments B. Australia C. Federal government D. State governement E. Local government
 Integrated Pest Management

There is no best way to deal with pests in agriculture. Pesticides which are commonly used may cause many problems. I
think combining different management operations is the most effective way to control pests.
Firstly, the chemicals in the pesticides may build up as residues in the environment and in the soil which absorbs the
chemicals. This reduces the quality of farm product.
Secondly, pests can gradually become resistant to pesticides. This means that newer and stronger ones have to be
developed.
Lastly, some pesticides affect non target plants and animals such as fish and bees. This affects the ecology and
environment as well.
So, understanding of ecology of an area helps a lot in pest control. Pesticides should be chosen and applied carefully so
that they don't affect the ecological balance and environment.
Therefore, integrated pest management is a safe and more effective option to fight pest in agriculture and livestock.

18.Which of the following is not directly affected by pesticides used?

A. Plants B. Ecology C. Animals. D. Environment. E. Human Beings

19.   What can you say about paragraph two and four?
A. The fourth paragraph supports the idea stated in paragraph two.
B. Both paragraphs tell about the disadvantages of using pesticides.
C. Both paragraphs tell about how pesticides affect the quality of farm products.
D. The statement in paragraph is contrary to the statement in paragraph four.
E. The second paragraph tells about the effects of using pesticides on animals mentioned in paragraph four.

20.   One of the disadvantages of using chemical pesticides is …

A. killing fish and bees. D. increasing crops productivity.
B. creating balanced ecosystem. E. causing the pests to become inactive
C. helping reduce pollutants in the environment.

21.   Secondly, pests can gradually become resistant to pesticides. (paragraph 3)

The word resistant in the sentence above means …
A. weak B. Fragile C. Damage D. Unaffected E. unbalanced

Dust Bin

To improve comfort and cleanliness at our school, a number of dust bins should be increased.

When we look at classrooms, school corridors and school yard, there are paper mineral water cups, straws, and napkins
here and there.  The condition of uncleanliness and discomfort really hinders learning and teaching environment. Litters
thrown carelessly cause disease, especially empty plastic cup or glasses.  They can be filled out with water coming from
the rain.  This can be placed for dengue mosquitoes to spread out.  Besides, these rubbish can deteriorate the scene. 
Well painted wall and green school yard do not mean anything litters are scattered everywhere.

Anyway I notice that most of the students in our school have responsibilities for the school environment.  They put their
litters on the proper places.  But some are not diligent enough to find the dust bins.  The numbers of dust binds in our
schools are not enough.   Ore dust bins should be put beside each of steps, outside of the classrooms, and some more
also the corridors.  Probably one dust bin should be in every ten meters.  So when students want to throw away their
litters, they can find the dust bins easily.

When school is equipped with sufficient dust bins, we do not have problems of freak and discomfort any more.  Our
school will be very clean and become a nice place to study.

22. What is the writer’s intention?  To ….. readers to do something good.

a.  inform b. Explain c. Describe d. Entertain e. Persuade
23. According to the writer, more dust bins….. in every ten meters.
a. should be decorated c. should be painted
b   should be placed d. are unnecessary e. are not required
 
24.What is the writer’s argument on a sufficient number of dust bins?
a. They can prevent litters d. They can save janitor’s energy
b.  Students are asked to clean them e. They make school environment neat
c.  Students can throw garbage away easily

25. What is the writer’s suggestion?

a. To buy more dustbins d. To hire more gardeners
b.  To use dustbins efficiently e.  To ask parents to give more dustbins
c.  To ask students to clean the school yard

Learning English

Learning English through music and songs can be very enjoyable. You can mix pleasure with learning when you listen to
a song and exploit the song as a means to your English progress. Some underlying reason can be drawn to support the
idea why we use songs in language learning.

Firstly, “the song stuck in my head” Phenomenon (the echoing in our minds of the last song we heard after leaving a
restaurant, shopping malls, etc) can be both enjoyable and sometimes unnerving. This phenomenon also seems to
reinforce the idea that songs work on our short-and-long term memory.

Secondly, songs in general also use simple conversational language, with a lot of repetition, which is just what many
learners look for sample text. The fact that they are effective makes them many times more motivating than other text.
Although usually simple, some songs can be quite complex syntactically, lexically and poetically, and can be analyzed in
the same way as any other literary sample. 

Furthermore, song can be appropriated by listener for their own purpose. Most pop songs and probably many other
types don’t have precise people, place or time reference.

In addition, songs are relaxing. They provide variety and fun, and encourage harmony within oneself and within one
group. Little wonder they are important tools in sustaining culture, religion, patriotism and yeas, even revolution.

Last but not least, there are many learning activities we can do with songs such as studying grammar, practicing
selective listening comprehension, translating songs, learning vocabulary, spelling and culture.

From the elaboration above, it can be concluded that learning through music and songs, learning English can be
enjoyable and fun.

26. The type of the text above is …

a. Analytical exposition b. Hortatory exposition c. Narrative d. Discussion e. Explanation
 
27. What is the communicative purpose of the text?
a. To tell the reader about the songs d. To entertain the reader with the songs
b.  To show the reader the use of songs e. To explain above the songs
c. To persuade the reader to use songs in learning language

28. The generic structures of the text are ….

a.  Thesis – arguments – recommendation d  General statement – sequential explanation
b.   Newsworthy events – background events – sources e. Thesis – arguments – reiteration
c.  General statement – arguments
29.  What is the text about ….
a. Learning songs c. Very enjoyable music
b. The phenomenon d. Music listeners e. Using songs in language learning
 
30.  Based on the text, there are …… reason for using songs in learning language
a. 6 b. 4 c.5 d. 3 e. 2

31. “They provide variety and fun, and encourage harmony within oneself and within one group.”
The underlined word refers to ….
a) Groups b) Learners c) People d) Songs e) Activities

I personally think that reading is a very important activity in our life.  Why do I say so?  Firstly, by reading we can get a lot
of knowledge about many things in the world such as Science, technology. Sports, arts, culture, etc written in either
books, magazine, newspaper, etc.

Secondly, by reading we can get a lot of news and information about something happening in any parts of the world
which can we see directly.

Another reason, reading can give us pleasure too.  When we are tired, we read books, newspaper or magazine on the
entertainment coloumn such as comedy, short story, quiz, etc. To make us relaxed.
The last, reading can also take us to other parts of the world.  By reading a book about Irian Jaya we may feel we’re 
really sitting in the jungles not at home in our rooms.

From the facts above, it’s obvious that everyone needs to read to get knowledge, information and also entertainment.  Or
in summary we can say reading is truly important in our life.

32.  Why is reading very important in our life?  Because…..

a. By reading, we can get a lot of friends, relatives, experience, etc.
b. By reading, we can get little knowledge but a lot of entertainment.
c. By reading, we are always relaxed.
d. By reading, we are always happy.
e. By reading we can get a lot of knowledge, news, information and entertainment

33. If we want to get knowledge, what should we do?

a. buy a lot of books b. borrow a lot of books
b. look for newspaper and magazine d. sell and buy many expensive books
c. Read a lot of books and other printed materials.

34. What does the text tell us about?

a. The description of reading c. The function of reading
b. The importance of reading d.  The disadvantages of reading e. The purpose of reading
 
35. What is the social function of the text?
a. To tell a story c. To describe the reader
b. To entertain the reader d. To give information e. To persuade the reader
 
36. Paragraph…. In the text is the thesis.
a.       1 b.      2 c.       3 d.      4 e.      5
 House Husband’s Heart Risk

Most people assume that life in the rat race is bad for your health. But reversing the traditional gender roles, being a
house husband is a stressful business, according to the latest research by American scientist. By giving up their jobs in
order to become house husbands, men increase their risk of heart attack or coronary disease by as much as 82%,
according to research based on 10 year study of 2,500 people in Boston, USA.

Accoding to Dr. Elaine Eaker, the key to the problem is that some men became stressed about performing a role not
traditionally assigm to them by society. Men who stays at home tend not to have the same levels of support from friends
and family as women do the same.

Jack O’Sullivan, of the Father’s Direct, was quoted as saying: “Society expects the main career should be a woman and
society is structured around that. Day care is called mother and toddler groups and some men feel awkward about
belonging to those groups.

Professor Gary Cooper, a psychologist at the University of Manchester, said many men tend to underestimate the task of
caring for a family. He said “Most men think being a house husband involves putting on a bit of washing, taking the kids
to school and then putting their feet up with a cup of coffee.

They are crazy. Most men are not used to performing a variety of activities simultanously – the kind of multi-tasking
which is second nature to most women.

It is estimated that men have taken over the main homemaker’s role in one in seven homes, as increasing numbers of
women become the main breadwinner. The study also found that women in high-powered jobs were more likely to
develop heart disease than those in more junior positions.

37 The main idea of the first paragraph is…

a. People living in the rat race tend to have heart attacks.
b. The research on house-husbands health involved 2,500 people.
c.  Scientists did some research on the people’s health living in Boston.
d. House-husbands have understandable reasons why they gave up their jobs.
e. The result of the research showed that house-husbands tend to have heart attacks.

38. “some men became stressed about performing a role not traditionally assigm to them by society.” (paragraph 2)
The statement above is the result of research done by…
a. A psychologist c. Jack O’Sullivan
b. Dr Elaine Eaker d. An American scientist

39.  Professor Gary Cooper the purpose of the text is…

a. To describe what a house husband is.
b. To persuade readers not to become a house husband.
c. To report the result of a research carried on by Dr Elaine Eaker.
d. To explain to readers why house husbands are subjects to heart attack.
e. To inform readers that 82% of house husbands suffer from heart attack.

40.  Some house husbands become stressed because…

a. They are jobless d.      They earn less than their wives.
b.  Most people do not respect them. e.      They do not join the daycare groups.
c.  They are not used to doing house keeping.
      In my opinion teachers should not smoke at school. There are several reasons why I strongly disagree if teachers do smoking
at school.
     Firstly, no smoking regulation applied to students will not be effective at all when teachers as a model do not give a bad
example for their students, especially in behavior.
Secondly, smoking makes classroom and school environment dirty. Most teachers who smoke carelessly usually throw away the
cigarette ashes and ends everywhere. They scatter on the table on the floor and the school yard.
     Thirdly, passive smokers become the victim of active smokers. Smoke coming out from cigarettes can dangerously affect the
people around. Teachers should bear in mind that their students inhale poisonous smoke while enjoy the taste of their cigarettes.
    Lastly, smoking makes nasty smell. For smokers, cigarettes they love have nice smell. In fact cigarette ends make bad smell.
Fellow teachers always complain the smell of the cigarette ends left by their colleagues who smoke. In classroom students have
to fan cigarette smoke to get rid of the annoying smell.
     Considering the moral, healthy and environment reasons, I believe that teachers must not always smoke at school.

41.   What is the purpose of the text?

A. To describe the teacher’s habit
B. To tell readers on the importance of smoking
C. To illustrate the teachers who are smoking at school
D. To persuade the teachers not to smoke anymore
E.  To explain readers why smoking is not good for teachers to do at school

42.  What is the main idea of paragraph three?

A. The active smokers become the victims
B. The people who do not smoke become the victims of smokers
C. Teachers can be dangerously when they become active smokers
D.Teachers should not smoke at school
E.  Teachers become the active smokers

43. What is the writer’s opinion on smoker teachers?

A. He considers that they obey the school rules B.  He thinks smoking in school real is fine
C. He feels smoking is not good D.  He strongly disagrees
E. He strongly agrees

45.    “….passive smokers become the victims of active smokers” What does the underlined word means….
A.  Donor B.  Destroy C.  Breaker D.  Sufferer E.   patient

46.    Text above is the form of a/an….

A. Descriptive B. Report C. Hortatory exposition D. Analytical exposition E.  Discussion

47.    Where do teachers usually throw the cigarette ashes and ends away?
A. On the chair B. On the self C. In their pocket D. In theirs wallet E. On the floor

Recently most people own mobile phone. Why does mobile phone user increase dramatically in recent years? First, the
feature and function has increased. Mobile phone is not used just for calling, but sending text, taking pictures, recording videos,
accessing internet, playing games and  much more. Second, mobile phone has also become a lot cheaper. Now this
communication device does not only fill the pocket of adult but also teenager and student. Even a lot phones are intentionally
designed to teenaged market. However should they be allowed to bring them to school.
Many schools do not allow students to bring cell phones to school. It is very reasonable because bringing phones to
school potentially disturb the learning process. Most students use cell phones irresponsibly. They use cell phones to talk to their
friend during class time. They also use the calculator and camera features in the class as well. Those potentially lead less
concentration in the time of learning and teaching process.
Students go to school to learn and behave fair way. Mobile phones provide a large temptation to cheat in test. They can
communicate to anyone and almost anywhere in the world. Because pf the small size of the cell phone, student can send a text
quietly and discreetly. The text can go unnoticed anywhere to get help on answering test, homework, and other class assignment.
Learning in school is to behave fair not cheating.
Therefore, schools should ban students from bringing their cell phones. However, it should be done fairly. In ease of an
emergency some students need a call for help, providing easy access to phone is better.

48.The text above is written in the form of a/an ….

A.   Explanation B.   Analitycal C.  Hortatory D.  Descriptive E.   Report
49.    The following are reasons that many schools do not allow the students bring cell phone  o school, except…..
A.    Most students use cell phones responsibly
B.    Mobile phone provide a large temptation to cheat in test
C.     Bringing phones to school potentially disturb the learning process
D.    The students use cell phones to talk to their friend during  class time
E.    The students use the calculator and camera features in the class as well

50.    According to the text, why do mobile phones provides a large temptation to cheat in test?
A.    We can get help quickly
B.    Mobile phones are very convenient tool
C.     Mobile phones can use to connect the Net
D.    Mobile phones are really useful in  emergency
E.    The text can go unnoticed anywhere to get help on answering test

51.    The communicative purposes of the text is …

A.        To describe what the cell phone is
B.        To entertain the reader about the mobile phones
C.         To tell the reader about the effect of using mobile phone
D.        To persuade the reader not to bring cell
E.        To inform the readers the advantages and disadvantages of cell phone

“… Firstly, child pornography in the media is never tolerated. They are apparent
victims of harmful and offensive content in the internet. The internet should be
no exception to these basic standards. Truly offensive material such as
pornography and extreme racial hatred are no different, simply because they are
published on the World Wide Web as opposed to a book or video. …”

The word “hatred” in paragraph can be best replaced with ....

a. Extremely dislike

b. Current issue

c. Difficult problem

d. Sad feeling

e. Rapid changes

Pembahasan: Padanan kata dari kata hatred/kebencian adalah extremely

dislike/benar-benar tidak suka. Sedangkan, kata lainnya tidak sesuai dengan
konteks kalimat karena:

Current issue: isu saat ini

Difficult problem: masalah yang sulit

Sad feeling: perasaan sedih

Rapid changes: perubahan yang cepat

Jawaban: A (extremely dislike)