Science 8

Name of Learner: _____________________ Date: _________________

Section: _____________________________

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS

Law of Interaction

Background Information for Learners

Ever wondered why it hurts, when you accidentally hit an object harder than you
ought to do. Ever ask yourself, why does it hurt when it is me who hit it? Or why the
water seems to push you upward after diving on it? This is the principle of Sir Isaac
Newton’s law of motion, to understand the motion and interaction of objects in the
universe

For every action there

is equal and opposite
reaction.

The third law of motion is called Law of Interaction. It states that for every action
there is always an equal and opposite reaction. The statement means that in every
interaction, there is a pair of forces. These two forces are known
as action and reaction forces. According to Newton, when the two objects interact,
both of them exert force on each other. The amount of the forces on the first
object equals the amount of the force on the second object and the direction of the
force on the first object is opposite to the direction of the force on the second object.
First an action force occurs, then comes the reaction force. For example, when you
sit on the bed, you are exerting force on the bed through your weight; this is the
action force. While you are sitting on the bed, it is exerting force on you by applying
normal force to your body so you will not sink on the bed; this is the reaction force. In
this situation, the two interacting forces are the weight of the body and the normal
force applied by the bed. How is it an equal and opposite pair of forces? When you sit
on the bed, your body is applying force on it downward and the bed is applying
normal force on your body, pushing it upward. The direction of action and reaction
forces is opposite to each other. If in the process your body applied 35N of force on
the bed while sitting on it, the bed is also applying 35N of force on your body to
prevent you from sinking on it. This is the reason why the action-reaction forces are
equal.
 Identifying and describing action-reaction force pairs is a simple matter of
identifying the two interacting objects and making two statements describing who is
pushing on whom and in what direction. For example, consider the interaction between
a baseball bat and a baseball.

The baseball forces the bat to the left; the bat forces the ball to the right. Together,
these two forces exerted upon two different objects form the action-reaction force pair.
Note that in the description of the two forces, the nouns in the sentence describing the
forces simply switch places.
Because the forces are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, do you
think they will cancel each other? You might think they would cancel out, as balanced
forces do. This is wrong. Balanced forces are equal and opposite, cancels out because
they act on the same object. In contrast, action and reaction forces act on different
objects so they don’t always cancel out. Most often they result in motion. For example,
in playing baseball, an action- reaction pair between ball and bat rarely cancel out. More
than not it is causing the ball to accelerate.
The difference between the forces related to Law of Interaction and forces in a
balanced state are as follows:

Action- Reaction Forces Balanced Forces

● Two forces are equal in size. ● Two forces are equal in size.
● Two forces are opposite to each ● Two forces are opposite to each other in
other in terms of direction. terms of direction.
● Two forces have the same line ● Two forces act along the same line
of action. ● Two forces act upon the same object
● Action acts on another object

Learning Competency
Infer that when a body exerts a force on another, an equal amount of force is exerted
back on it.
Code: S8-FE-1b-16 week 2

Activity 1: Tell me the Truth

Direction: On the space provided, write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE
if the statement is wrong.

_______ 1. Forces always act in pairs.

_______ 2. The proponent of Law of Interaction is Louis Pasteur.

_______ 3. The magnitude of force in an action-reaction pair is not always the same.

________4. Action- reaction pair always cancels out.

________5. Action-reaction pairs always result in motion.

________6. The direction of force in an action-reaction pair is always opposite.

________7. If a basket of apples applies 30N of force on the body of a man carrying it.
The man also applies the same amount of force on the basket.

________8. If sheila is using 10N of force in lifting her bag. It means that the bag is
exerting 25N of force on her body.

________9. When two objects in contact are not moving, it means that there is no force
between them.

_______10. When a car accidentally runs over a rock and it breaks. This means that the
car exerts more force on it than the force exerted by the rock to the car.

Activity 2: Learn my Move.

Direction: Complete the action-reaction pair by giving the missing reaction force in
each situation.

1. A lady standing on a weighing scale.

2. Action force: The lady exerts her weight on the scale.
Reaction force:_______________________________________________

3. Leaf falling on the ground.

Action force: Leaf exerts force on the ground
Reaction force:_______________________________________________

4. A motor bike smashing on a concrete barrier.

Action force: Applied force from the motor bike on the concrete barrier
Reaction force: ______________________________________________

5. Placing a vase on the table.

Action force: Vase weight pushing downward on the table.
Reaction force: ______________________________________________
 6. Blowing your hair upward.
Action force: Applied force from your breath causing your hair to move
upward.
Reaction force: ______________________________________________

7. Meteor entering the Earth’s atmosphere.

Action force: Meteor pushing the gases in the atmosphere.
Reaction force: _______________________________________________

8. Falling coin from a building.

Action force: Earth’s gravitational force pulling the coin downward.
Reaction force: _______________________________________________

9. You tapping the table lightly using your hand.

Action force: Applied force from your hand
Reaction force: _______________________________________________

10. A football player kicking the ball.

Action force: Applied force by the foot of the player
Reaction force: ______________________________________________

11. A carabao pulling a cart going forward.

Action force: applied force by the carabao on the cart
Reaction force: ______________________________________________

Activity 3: Read Me Please

Direction: In each situation give the action-reaction pair of forces.

1.

Action:______________________________________________________________

Reaction:___________________________________________________________
 2.

Action:________________________________________________________

Reaction:___________________________________________________________

3.

Action:_______________________________________________________

Reaction:___________________________________________________

4.

Action:_______________________________________________________

Reaction:____________________________________________________

5.

Action:______________________________________________________

Reaction:____________________________________________________
Activity 4: Match my Strength
Direction: Give the magnitude and direction of reaction force in each situation. Write
your answer on the space provided.
_____________1. Mica applying 10N of force on the hanger.
_____________2. Louie applying 30N of force while carrying his bag.
_____________3. Rocket using 82000N of force trying to escape Earth’s gravity.
_____________4. A man using 100N of force in cutting a tree.
_____________5. Seatbelt using 60N of force on a lady’s body during an accident.
_____________6. Airplane pushing the airport road downward.
_____________7. Mico pushing the ground downward.
_____________8. Sheila pushing the box to the right.
_____________9. Strong wind pushing the curtain upward.
_____________10. Mike uprooting a sweet potato from the ground.

Activity 5: Look for Me

Direction: In the word puzzle below, look for TEN terms related to the third law of
Motion. Highlight your anwers.

C O O K H O P P O S I T E H D
M F R L I V E G H J K O S K F
A O E F S P A I R F J I O L G
K L A V T F O G H G E H M L H
E L C S R S U N I G K Q R K Y
L O T V O O N E M G N Y U I U
E W I S N N T J K O K Y T A E
S I O O G R W O I F T T R I L
E D N N V E O T F H H I E D A
S R F G D T C M E H O H O D W
F G F R H A E O E R O G E N E
J J S F L R G R L T Y J T G W
K K D H R G E F O R C E G F
C A N C E L F U N H O L O G S
D H A P P Y S W N O T W E N F
Activity 6: Be Vigilant
Direction: In your home, observe Five interaction of objects and give their
action-reaction forces.
Example: Frying pan on the top of the stove.
Action: Frying pan exerts force on the stove downward.
Reaction: Stove exerts force upward.
1. _______________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

4. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

5. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

Reflection:

How can you apply the principle of Law of Interaction in your daily life? Cite some
situations.________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________

References:
Teach Engineering, Hands on Activity Action-Reaction Rocket, Accessed July
16, 2020.
https://www.teachengineering.org/activities/view/cub_mechanics_lesson04_activi
ty2
 Hauser, Jill Frankel.Gizmos and Gadgets: Creating Science Contraptions That
Work (and Knowing Why). Charlotte, VT: Williamson Publishing, 1999. (Activity
adapted from Hauser.)

Vector stock image, Young girl playing volleyball,Accessed July 16, 2020.
https://www.vectorstock.com/royalty-free-vector/young-girl-playing-volleyball-
vector-24031146

Physical classroom.com, Newton's 3rd law of motion, Accessed July 16, 2020.
https://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/newtlaws/Lesson-4/Newton-s-Third-
Law

khanacademy.org, What is Newton’s third law of motion?, Accessed July 16,

2020 https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics/forces-newtons-
laws/newtons-laws-of-motion/a/what-is-newtons-third-law
NASA.gov, Lift off, Accessed July 16, 2020.
http://quest.nasa.gov/space/teachers/liftoff/newton.html.

Key to Answers
Activity 1
1. True 6. True

2. False 7. True

3. False 8. False

4. False 9. False

5. False 10. False

Activity 2

1. Reaction force: Weighing scale applying normal force/ pushing the lady upward.

2. Reaction force: Ground exerts force on the leaf.

3. Reaction force: Concrete barrier pushing the motorbike

4. Reaction force: Table applying normal force or pushing the vase upward.
5. Reaction force: Table applying normal force or pushing the vase upward.

6. Reaction force: Hair applying its weight on gases that you blow.

7. Reaction force: Earth’s atmosphere pushing the meteor upward.

8. Reaction force: The coin exerting gravitational pull on Earth.

9. Reaction force: Applied force by the ball on the foot.

10. Reaction force: Cart pulling the carabao backward.

Activity 3
1. Action Force: Space Rocket exerts force on Earth.
Reaction Force: Earth’s Gravitational force pulling the space rocket.
2. Action Force: Normal force exerted by the hand of the man.
Reaction Force: Ball pushing the man’s hand downward (Weight)
3. Action Force: Girl exerts force on the ball upward.
Reaction Force: Ball exerts force on the girl’s hand downward.
4. Action Force: Girl pushing the wall backward.
Reaction Force: Wall pushing the girl forward. Or
Action Force: Girl exerts force on water forward.
Reaction Force: Water exerts force on the girl backward.
5. Action Force: Bird exerts force on the wood downward.
Reaction Force: Wood exerts force on the bird upward.

Activity 4
1. 10N
2. 30N
3. 82000
4. 100N
5. 60N
6. Upward
7. Upward
8. Left
9. Downward
10. Earth's gravitational force pulls the sweet potato downward.
Activity 5

Activity 6
Answers may vary

Prepared by:

LOVELYN D. DE GUZMAN
Writer