COURSE STRUCTURE & SYLLABUS

For

AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING
(Applicable for batches admitted from 2016-2017)

JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY: KAKINADA

KAKINADA - 533 003, Andhra Pradesh, India

1
 I Year -I Semester
S.No. Subjects L T P Credits
1-HS English – I 4 -- -- 3
2-BS Mathematics - I 4 -- -- 3
3-ES Engineering Chemistry 4 -- -- 3
4-BS Engineering Mechanics 4 -- -- 3
5-BS Computer Programming 4 -- -- 3
6-ES Environmental Studies 4 -- -- 3
Engineering/Applied Chemistry
7-HS -- -- 3 2
Laboratory
8-BS English-Communication Skills Lab - I -- -- 3 2
9-ES Computer Programming Lab -- -- 3 2
Total Credits 24

I Year - II Semester

S.No. Subjects L T P Credits

1-HS English – II 4 -- -- 3
Mathematics – II (Mathematical
2-BS 4 -- -- 3
Methods)
3-BS Mathematics – III 4 -- -- 3
4-ES Engineering Physics 4 -- -- 3
Basic Electrical and Electronics
5-HS 4 -- -- 3
Engineering
6-ES Engineering Drawing 4 -- -- 3
7-BS English - Communication Skills Lab - II -- -- 3 2
8-HS Engineering /Applied Physics Lab -- -- 3 2
Engineering Physics – Virtual Labs -
9-ES -- -- 2 --
Assignments
10 Engg.Workshop & IT Workshop -- -- 3 2
Total Credits 24

2
II Year - I Semester

S.No. Subjects L T P Credits

1 Metallurgy & Materials Science 4 -- -- 3
2 Mechanics of Solids 4 -- -- 3
3 Thermodynamics 4 -- -- 3
4 Automotive Engines 4 -- -- 3
5 Computer aided Engineering Practice 4 -- -- 3
Managerial Economics & Financial
6 4 -- -- 3
Analysis
7 Electrical & Electronics Engg-lab -- -- 3 2
Mechanics of Solids & Metallurgy
8 -- -- 3 2
Lab
Total Credits 22

II Year - II Semester
S.No. Subjects L T P Credits
1 Kinematics of Machinery 4 -- -- 3
2 Thermal Engineering - I 4 -- -- 3
3 Fluid Mechanics & Hydraulic Machines 4 -- -- 3
4 Production Technology 4 -- -- 3
5 Industrial Engineering and Management 4 -- -- 3
6 Machine Drawing 4 -- -- 3
7 Thermal Engg.-lab -- -- 3 2
8 Fluid Mechanics & Hydraulic Machines
-- -- 3 2
lab
Total Credits 22

3
III Year - I Semester
S.No. Subjects L T P Credits
1 Dynamics of Machinery 4 -- -- 3
2 Fuels and Combustion 4 -- -- 3
3 Design of Machine Elements 4 -- -- 3
4 Vehicle Transport Management 4 -- -- 3
5 Heat Transfer 4 -- -- 3
6 Automotive Engines Lab & Fuels Lab -- -- 3 2
7 Heat Transfer-Lab -- -- 3 2

8 Production Technology Laboratory -- -- 3 2

9 IPR & Patents -- 2 -- --

Total Credits 21

III Year - II Semester

S.No. Subjects L T P Credits
1 Machine Tools & Metrology 4 -- -- 3
2 Instrumentation & Control Systems 4 -- -- 3
3 Automotive Electrical and Electronics 4 -- -- 3
Alternative Energy Sources for
4 4 -- -- 3
Automobiles
OPEN ELECTIVE
1. Electronic Instrumentation
2. Data Base Management Systems
3. Computer Graphics
5 4 -- -- 3
4. Green Engineering Systems
5. Offroad Vechiles.
6. Automotive Emissions and Pollution
Control
Automotive Electrical And Electronics
6 -- -- 3 2
Lab
7 Metrology & Machine Tools-Lab -- -- 3 2
8 Auto Scanning & Vehicle Testing-Lab -- -- 3 2
MC Professional Ethics & Human Values -- 3 -- --
Total Credits 21

4
IV Year - I Semester

S.No. Subjects L T P Credits

1 Automotive Chassis and Suspension 4 -- -- 3
2 Vehicle Dynamics 4 -- -- 3
3 CAD/CAM 4 -- -- 3
4 Finite Element Methods 4 -- -- 3
Elective I
1. Vehicle Body Engg. & Safety
5 4 -- -- 3
2. Iudustrial Robotics
3. Automotive Aerodynamics
Elective II
1. Micro Processors & Micro Controllers
6 4 -- -- 3
2. Computational Fluid Dynamics
3. Condition Monitoring
Automobile Chassis Lab &
7 -- -- 2 2
Instrumentation Lab
8 CAD/CAM-Lab -- -- 2 2
Total Credits 22

IV Year - II Semester

S.No. Subjects L T P Credits

1 Automotive Control Systems 4 -- -- 3

2 Vehicle Maintenance 4 -- -- 3
Product Design and Assembly
3 4 -- -- 3
Automation
Elective III
1. Automotive Safety
4 4 -- -- 3
2. Automotive Manufacturing Systems
3. Automobile Air Conditioning
5 Seminar -- 3 -- 2

6 Project -- -- -- 10
Total Credits
24

Total Course Credits = 48+44 + 42 + 46 = 180

5
 SYLLABUS
L T P C
I Year - I Semester
4 0 0 3
ENGLISH - I

Introduction:
In view of the growing importance of English as a tool for global communication and the consequent
emphasis on training the students to acquire communicative competence, the syllabus has been designed
to develop linguistic and communicative competence of the students of Engineering.
As far as the detailed Textbooks are concerned, the focus should be on the skills of listening,
speaking, reading and writing. The nondetailed Textbooks are meant for extensive reading for pleasure
and profit.
Thus the stress in the syllabus in primarily on the development of communicative skills and fostering
of ideas.
Objectives:
1. To imporve the language proficiency of the students in English with emphasis on LSRW skills.
2. To enable the students to study and comprehend the prescribed lessons and subjects more
effectively relating to their theorotical and practical components.
3. To develop the communication skills of the students in both formal and informal situations.

LISTENING SKILLS:
Objectives:
1. To enable the students to appreciate the role of listening skill and improve their pronounciation.
2. To enable the students to comprehend the speech of people belonging to different backgrounds
and regions.
3. To enable the students to listen for general content, to fill up information and for specific
information.

SPEAKING SKILLS:
Objectives:
1. To make the students aware of the importance of speaking for their personal and professional
communication.
2. To enable the students to express themselves fluently and accurately in social and professional
success.
3. To help the students describe objects, situations and people.
4. To make the students participate in group activities like roleplays, discussions and debates.
5. To make the students particiapte in Just a Minute talks.

6
READING SKILLS:
Objectives:
1. To enable the students to comprehend a text through silent reading.
2. To enable the students to guess the meanings of words, messages and inferences of texts in given
contexts.
3. To enable the students to skim and scan a text.
4. To enable the students to identify the topic sentence.
5. To enable the students to identify discourse features.
6. To enable the students to make intensive and extensive reading.

WRITING SKILLS:
Objectives:
1. To make the students understand that writing is an exact formal skills.
2. To enable the students to write sentences and paragraphs.
3. To make the students identify and use appropriate vocabulary.
4. To enable the students to narrate and describe.
5. To enable the students capable of note-making.
6. To enable the students to write coherently and cohesively.
7. To make the students to write formal and informal letters.
8. To enable the students to describe graphs using expressions of comparision.
9. To enable the students to write techincal reports.

Methodology:
1. The class are to be learner-centered where the learners are to read the texts to get a comprehensive
idea of those texts on their own with the help of the peer group and the teacher.
2. Integrated skill development methodology has to be adopted with focus on individual language
skills as per the tasks/exercise.
3. The tasks/exercises at the end of each unit should be completed by the learners only and the
teacher interventionis perimitted as per the complexity of the task/exercise.
4. The teacher is expected to use supplementary material wherever necessary and also generate
activities/tasks as per the requirement.
5. The teacher is permitted to use lecture method when a completely new concept is introduced in
the class.

Assessment Procedure: Theory

1. The formative and summative assessment procedures are to be adopted (mid exams and end
semester examination).
2. Neither the formative nor summative assessment procedures should test the memory of the
content of the texts given in the textbook. The themes and global comprehension of the units in
the present day context with application of the langauge skills learnt in the unit are to be tested.
3. Only new unseen passages are to be given to test reading skills of the learners. Written skills are
to be tested from sentence level to essay level. The communication formats—emails, letters and
reports-- are to be tested along with appropriate language and expressions.

7
 4. Examinations:
I mid exam + II mid exam (15% for descriptive tests+10% for online tests)= 25%
(80% for the best of two and 20% for the other)
Assignments= 5%
End semester exams=70%
5. Three take home assignments are to be given to the learners where they will have to read texts
from the reference books list or other sources and write their gist in their own words.

The following text books are recommended for study in I B.Tech I Semester (Common for all branches)
and I B.Pharma I Sem of JNTU Kakinada from the academic year 2016-17
(R-16 Regualtions)
DETAILED TEXTBOOK:
ENGLISH FOR ENGINEERS AND TECHNOLOGISTS, Published by Orient Blackswan Pvt Ltd
NON-DETAILED TEXTBOOK:
PANORAMA: A COURSE ON READING, Published by Oxford University Press India
The course content along with the study material is divided into six units.

UNIT I:
1. 'Human Resources' from English for Engineers and Technologists.
OBJECTIVE:
To develop human resources to serve the society in different ways.
OUTCOME:
The lesson motivates the readers to develop their knowledge different fields and serve the society
accordingly.
2. 'An Ideal Family' from Panorama: A Course on Reading
OBJECTIVE:
To develop extensive reading skill and comprehension for pleasure and profit.
OUTCOME:
Acquisition of writing skills

UNIT 2:
1. ' Transport: Problems and Solutions' from English for Engineers and Technologists.
OBJECTIVE:
To highlight road safety measures whatever be the mode of transport.
OUTCOME:
The lesson motivates the public to adopt road safety measures.
2. 'War' from 'Panorama : A Course on Reading'
OBJECTIVE:
To develop extensive reading skill and comprehension for pleasure and profit.
OUTCOME:
Acquisition of writing skills

UNIT 3:
1. 'Evaluating Technology' from English for Engineers and Technologists.
OBJECTIVE:
To highlight the advantages and disadvantages of technology.
OUTCOME:
8
The lesson creates an awareness in the readers that mass production is ultimately detrimental to
biological survival.
2. 'The Verger' from 'Panorama : A Course on Reading'
OBJECTIVE:
To develop extensive reading skill and comprehension for pleasure and profit.
OUTCOME:
Acquisition of writing skills

UNIT 4:
1. 'Alternative Sources of Energy' from English for Engineers and Technologists.
OBJECTIVE:
To bring into focus different sources of energy as alternatives to the depleting sources.
OUTCOME:
The lesson helps to choose a source of energy suitable for rural India.
2. ' The Scarecrow' from Panorama : A Course on Reading
OBJECTIVE:
To develop extensive reading skill and comprehension for pleasure and profit.
OUTCOME:
Acquisition of writing skills

UNIT 5:
1. 'Our Living Environment' from English for Engineers and Technologists.
OBJECTIVE:
To highlight the fact that animals must be preserved beacuase animal life is precious.
OUTCOME:
The lesson creates an awareness in the reader as to the usefulness of animals for the human society.
2. 'A Village Host to Nation' from Panorama: A Course on Reading
OBJECTIVE:
To develop extensive reading skill and comprehension for pleasure and profit.
OUTCOME:
Acquisition of writing skills

UNIT 6:
1. ' Safety and Training' from English for Engineers and Technologists.
OBJECTIVE:
To highlight the possibility of accidents in laboratories, industries and other places and to follow safety
measures.
OUTCOME:
The lesson helps in identifying safety measures against different varieties of accidents at home and in the
workplace.
2. 'Martin Luther King and Africa' from Panorama: A Course on Reading
OBJECTIVE:
To develop extensive reading skill and comprehension for pleasure and profit.
OUTCOME:
Acquisition of writing skills
NOTE:
All the exercises given in the prescribed lessons in both detailed and non-detailed textbooks relating to
the theme and language skills must be covered.
OVERALL COURSE OUTCOME:
1. Using English languages, both written and spoken, competently and correctly.
2. Improving comprehension and fluency of speech.
3. Gaining confidence in using English in verbal situations.

9
MODEL QUESTION PAPER FOR THEORY
PART- I
Six short answer questions on 6 unit themes
One question on eliciting student's response to any of the themes
PART-II
Each question should be from one unit and the last question can be a combination of two or more units.
Each question should have 3 sub questions: A, B & C
A will be from the main text: 5 marks
B from non-detailed text: 3 marks
C on grammar and Vocabulary: 6 marks

10
 L T P C
I Year - I Semester
4 0 0 3
MATHEMATICS-I
(Common to ALL branches of First Year B.Tech.)

Course Objectives:
1. The course is designed to equip the students with the necessary mathematical skills and
techniques that are essential for an engineering course.
2. The skills derived from the course will help the student from a necessary base to
develop analytic and design concepts.
Course Outcomes: At the end of the Course, Student will be able to:
1. Solve linear differential equations of first, second and higher order.
2. Determine Laplace transform and inverse Laplace transform of various functions and
use Laplace transforms to determine general solution to linear ODE.
3. Calculate total derivative, Jocobian and minima of functions of two variables.

UNIT I: Differential equations of first order and first degree:

Linear-Bernoulli-Exact-Reducible to exact.
Applications: Newton’s Law of cooling-Law of natural growth and decay-Orthogonal trajectories-
Electrical circuits- Chemical reactions.
UNIT II: Linear differential equations of higher order:
Non-homogeneous equations of higher order with constant coefficients with RHS term of the type e ax, sin
ax, cos ax, polynomials in x, eax V(x), xV(x)- Method of Variation of parameters.
Applications: LCR circuit, Simple Harmonic motion.

UNIT III: Laplace transforms:

Laplace transforms of standard functions-Shifting theorems - Transforms of derivatives and integrals –
Unit step function –Dirac’s delta function- Inverse Laplace transforms– Convolution theorem (with out
proof).
Applications: Solving ordinary differential equations (initial value problems) using Laplace transforms.
UNIT IV: Partial differentiation:
Introduction- Homogeneous function-Euler’s theorem-Total derivative-Chain rule-Generalized Mean
value theorem for single variable (without proof)-Taylor’s and Mc Laurent’s series expansion of
functions of two variables– Functional dependence- Jacobian.
Applications: Maxima and Minima of functions of two variables without constraints and Lagrange’s
method (with constraints).

UNIT V: First order Partial differential equations:

Formation of partial differential equations by elimination of arbitrary constants and arbitrary functions –
solutions of first order linear (Lagrange) equation and nonlinear (standard types) equations.
UNIT VI: Higher order Partial differential equations:
Solutions of Linear Partial differential equations with constant coefficients. RHS term of the type
e axby , sin( ax  by), cos(ax  by), x m y n . Classification of second order partial differential equations.

11
Text Books:
1. B.S.Grewal, Higher Engineering Mathematics, 43rd Edition, Khanna Publishers.
2. N.P.Bali, Engineering Mathematics, Lakshmi Publications.

Reference Books:
1. Erwin Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 10th Edition, Wiley-India
2. Micheael Greenberg, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 9th edition, Pearson edn
3. Dean G. Duffy, Advanced engineering mathematics with MATLAB, CRC Press
4. Peter O’neil, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Cengage Learning.
5. Srimanta Pal, Subodh C.Bhunia, Engineering Mathematics, Oxford University Press.
6. Dass H.K., Rajnish Verma. Er., Higher Engineering Mathematics, S. Chand Co. Pvt. Ltd, Delhi.

12
 L T P C
I Year - I Semester
4 0 0 3
ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
(CE, ME, PCE, PE, Met.E, Mining, Automobile, Aeronautical, Chemical, Bio.Tech.)

Knowledge of basic concepts of Chemistry for Engineering students will help them as professional
engineers later in design and material selection, as well as utilizing the available resources.

Learning Objectives:
 Plastics are nowadays used in household appliances; also they are used as composites (FRP) in
aerospace and automotive industries.
 Fuels as a source of energy are a basic need of any industry, particularly industries like thermal
power stations, steel industry, fertilizer industry etc., and hence they are introduced.
 The basics for the construction of galvanic cells are introduced. Also if corrosion is to be
controlled, one has to understand the mechanism of corrosion which itself is explained by
electrochemical theory.
 With the increase in demand, a wide variety of materials are coming up; some of them have
excellent engineering properties and a few of these materials are introduced.
 Water is a basic material in almost all the industries, more so where steam is generated and also
where it is supplied for drinking purposes.
 Materials used in major industries like steel industry, metallurgical industries and construction
industries and electrical equipment manufacturing industries are introduced. Also lubrication is
introduced.

UNIT I: HIGH POLYMERS AND PLASTICS

Polymerisation:- Introduction- Mechanism of polymerization - Stereo regular polymers – methods of
polymerization (emulsion and suspension) -Physical and mechanical properties – Plastics as engineering
materials : advantages and limitations – Thermoplastics and Thermosetting plastics – Compounding and
fabrication (4/5 techniques)- Preparation, properties and applications of polyethene, PVC, Bakelite
Teflon and polycarbonates
Elastomers :- Natural rubber- compounding and vulcanization – Synthetic rubbers : Buna S, Buna N,
Thiokol and polyurethanes – Applications of elastomers.
Composite materials & Fiber reinforced plastics – Biodegradable polymers – Conducting polymers.

UNIT II: FUEL TECHNOLOGY

Fuels – Introduction – Classification – Calorific value - HCV and LCV – Dulong’s formula – Bomb
calorimeter – Numerical problems – Coal –– Proximate and ultimate analysis – Significance of the
analyses – Liquid fuels – Petroleum- Refining – Cracking – Synthetic petrol –Petrol knocking – Diesel
knocking - Octane and Cetane ratings – Anti-knock agents – Power alcohol – Bio-diesel – Gaseous fuels
– Natural gas, LPG and CNG – Combustion – Calculation of air for the combustion of a fuel – Flue gas
analysis – Orsat apparatus – Numerical problems on combustion.
Explosives:- Rocket fuels

13
UNIT III: ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS AND CORROSION
Galvanic cells - Reversible and irreversible cells – Single electrode potential – Electro chemical series
and uses of this series- Standard electrodes (Hydrogen and Calomel electrodes) - Concentration Cells –
Batteries: Dry Cell - Ni-Cd cells - Ni-Metal hydride cells - Li cells - Zinc – air cells.
Corrosion :- Definition – Theories of Corrosion (chemical & electrochemical) – Formation of galvanic
cells by different metals, by concentration cells, by differential aeration and waterline corrosion –
Passivity of metals – Pitting corrosion - Galvanic series – Factors which influence the rate of corrosion -
Protection from corrosion – Design and material selection – Cathodic protection - Protective coatings: –
Surface preparation – Metallic (cathodic and anodic) coatings - Methods of application on metals
(Galvanizing, Tinning, Electroplating, Electroless plating).

UNIT IV: CHEMISTRY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS

Nano materials:- Introduction – Sol-gel method & chemical reduction method of preparation –
Characterization by BET method and TEM methods - Carbon nano tubes and fullerenes: Types,
preparation, properties and applications
Liquid crystals:- Introduction – Types – Applications
Super conductors:-Type –I, Type II – Characteristics and applications
Green synthesis:- Principles - 3or 4 methods of synthesis with examples – R4M4 principles

UNIT V: WATER TECHNOLOGY

Hard water:- Reasons for hardness – units of hardness - determination of hardness and alkalinity - Water
for steam generation - Boiler troubles – Priming and Foaming, Scale formation, Boiler corrosion,
Caustic embrittlement - Internal treatments - Softening of Hard water : Lime – Soda process, Zeolite
process and numerical problems based on these processes and Ion Exchange process - Water for
drinking purposes- Purification – Sterilization and disinfection : Chlorination, Break point chlorination
and other methods – Reverse Osmosis and Electro Dialysis.

UNIT VI: CHEMISTRY OF ENGINEERING MATERIALS AND FUEL CELLS

Refractories: - Definition, characteristics, classification, properties, failure of refractories
Lubricants: - Definition, function, Theory and mechanism of lubricants, properties (Definition and
importance)
Cement: - Constituents, manufacturing, hardening and setting, deterioration of cement
Insulators: - Thermal and electrical insulators
Fuel cells: - Hydrogen Oxygen fuel cells – Methanol Oxygen fuel cells

Outcome: The advantages and limitations of plastic materials and their use in design would be
understood. Fuels which are used commonly and their economics, advantages and limitations are
discussed. Reasons for corrosion and some methods of corrosion control would be understood. The
students would be now aware of materials like nano materials and fullerenes and their uses. Similarly
liquid crystals and superconductors are understood. The importance of green synthesis is well understood
and how they are different from conventional methods is also explained. The impurities present in raw
water, problems associated with them and how to avoid them are understood. The advantages and
limitations of plastic materials and their use in design would be understood. The commonly used
industrial materials are introduced.

14
Standard Books:
1. Engineering Chemistry by Jain and Jain; Dhanpat Rai Publicating Co.
2. Engineering Chemistry by Shikha Agarwal; Cambridge University Press, 2015 edition.

Reference Books:
1. Engineering Chemistry of Wiley India Pvt. Ltd., Vairam and others, 2014 edition (second).
2. Engineering Chemistry by Prasanth Rath, Cengage Learning, 2015 edition.
3. A text book of engineering Chemistry by S. S. Dara; S. Chand & Co Ltd., Latest Edition
4. Applied Chemistry by H.D. Gesser, Springer Publishers
5. Text book of Nano-science and nanotechnology by B.S. Murthy, P. Shankar and others, University
Press, IIM

15
 L T P C
I Year - I Semester
4 0 0 3
ENIGINEERING MECHANICS
(Common to all branches)
Objectives: The students completing this course are expected to understand the concepts of forces and its
resolution in different planes, resultant of force system, Forces acting on a body, their free body diagrams
using graphical methods. They are required to understand the concepts of centre of gravity and moments
of inertia and their application, Analysis of frames and trusses, different types of motion, friction and
application of work - energy method.

UNIT – I
Objectives: The students are to be exposed to the concepts of force and friction, direction and its
application.
Introduction to Engg. Mechanics – Basic Concepts.
Systems of Forces: Coplanar Concurrent Forces – Components in Space – Resultant – Moment of Force
and its Application – Couples and Resultant of Force Systems.
Friction: Introduction, limiting friction and impending motion, coulomb’s laws of dry friction,
coefficient of friction, cone of friction

UNIT II
Objectives: The students are to be exposed to application of free body diagrams. Solution to
problems using graphical methods and law of triangle of forces.
Equilibrium of Systems of Forces: Free Body Diagrams, Equations of Equilibrium of Coplanar
Systems, Spatial Systems for concurrent forces. Lamis Theorm, Graphical method for the equilibrium of
coplanar forces, Converse of the law of Triangle of forces, converse of the law of polygon of forces
condition of equilibrium, analysis of plane trusses.

UNIT – III
Objectives : The students are to be exposed to concepts of centre of gravity.
Centroid: Centroids of simple figures (from basic principles ) – Centroids of Composite Figures
Centre of Gravity: Centre of gravity of simple body (from basic principles), centre of gravity of
composite bodies, Pappus theorems.

UNIT IV
Objective: The students are to be exposed to concepts of moment of inertia and polar moment of
inertia including transfer methods and their applications.
Area moments of Inertia: Definition – Polar Moment of Inertia, Transfer Theorem, Moments of Inertia
of Composite Figures, Products of Inertia, Transfer Formula for Product of Inertia. Mass Moment of
Inertia: Moment of Inertia of Masses, Transfer Formula for Mass Moments of Inertia, mass moment of
inertia of composite bodies.

UNIT – V
Objectives: The students are to be exposed to motion in straight line and in curvilinear paths, its
velocity and acceleration computation and methods of representing plane motion.
Kinematics: Rectilinear and Curvelinear motions – Velocity and Acceleration – Motion of Rigid Body –
Types and their Analysis in Planar Motion. Kinetics: Analysis as a Particle and Analysis as a Rigid Body
in Translation – Central Force Motion – Equations of Plane Motion – Fixed Axis Rotation – Rolling
Bodies.

16
UNIT – VI
Objectives: The students are to be exposed to concepts of work, energy and particle motion
Work – Energy Method: Equations for Translation, Work-Energy Applications to Particle Motion,
Connected System-Fixed Axis Rotation and Plane Motion. Impulse momentum method.

Text Books :
1. Engg. Mechanics - S.Timoshenko & D.H.Young., 4th Edn - , Mc Graw Hill publications.

References :
1. Engineering Mechanics statics and dynamics – R.C.Hibbeler, 11th Edn – Pearson Publ.
2. Engineering Mechanics, statics – J.L.Meriam, 6th Edn – Wiley India Pvt Ltd.
3. Engineering Mechanics, statics and dynamics – I.H.Shames, – Pearson Publ.
4. Mechanics For Engineers, statics - F.P.Beer & E.R.Johnston – 5th Edn Mc Graw Hill Publ.
5. Mechanics For Engineers, dynamics - F.P.Beer & E.R.Johnston –5th Edn Mc Graw Hill Publ.
6. Theory & Problems of engineering mechanics, statics & dynamics – E.W.Nelson, C.L.Best &
W.G. McLean, 5th Edn – Schaum’s outline series - Mc Graw Hill Publ.
7. Singer's Engineering Mechanics: Statics And Dynamics, K. Vijay Kumar Reddy, J. Suresh
Kumar, Bs Publications
8. Engineering Mechanics, Fedinand . L. Singer, Harper – Collins.
9. Engineering Mechanics statics and dynamics , A Nelson , Mc Graw Hill publications

17
 L T P C
I Year - I Semester
4 0 0 3
COMPUTER PROGRAMMING

Learning objectives:
Formulating algorithmic solutions to problems and implementing algorithms in C.
 Notion of Operation of a CPU, Notion of an algorithm and computational procedure, editing and
executing programs in Linux.
 Understanding branching, iteration and data representation using arrays.
 Modular programming and recursive solution formulation.
 Understanding pointers and dynamic memory allocation.
 Understanding miscellaneous aspects of C.
 Comprehension of file operations.

UNIT-I:
History and Hardware - Computer Hardware, Bits and Bytes, Components, Programming Languages -
Machine Language, Assembly Language, Low- and High-Level Languages, Procedural and Object-
Oriented Languages, Application and System Software, The Development of C Algorithms The Software
Development Process.

UNIT-II:
Introduction to C Programming- Identifiers, The main () Function, The printf () Function
Programming Style - Indentation, Comments, Data Types, Arithmetic Operations, Expression Types,
Variables and Declarations, Negation, Operator Precedence and Associativity, Declaration Statements,
Initialization.
Assignment - Implicit Type Conversions, Explicit Type Conversions (Casts), Assignment Variations,
Mathematical Library Functions, Interactive Input, Formatted Output, Format Modifiers.

UNIT -III:
Control Flow-Relational Expressions - Logical Operators:
Selection: if-else Statement, nested if, examples, Multi-way selection: switch, else-if, examples.
Repetition: Basic Loop Structures, Pretest and Posttest Loops, Counter-Controlled and Condition-
Controlled Loops, The while Statement, The for Statement, Nested Loops, The do-while Statement.

UNIT-IV
Modular Programming: Function and Parameter Declarations, Returning a Value, Functions with
Empty Parameter Lists, Variable Scope, Variable Storage Class, Local Variable Storage Classes, Global
Variable Storage Classes, Pass by Reference, Passing Addresses to a Function, Storing Addresses, Using
Addresses, Declaring and Using Pointers, Passing Addresses to a Function.
Case Study: Swapping Values, Recursion - Mathematical Recursion, Recursion versus Iteration.

18
UNIT-V:
Arrays & Strings
Arrays: One-Dimensional Arrays, Input and Output of Array Values, Array Initialization, Arrays as
Function Arguments, Two-Dimensional Arrays, Larger Dimensional Arrays- Matrices
Strings: String Fundamentals, String Input and Output, String Processing, Library Functions

UNIT-VI:
Pointers, Structures, Files
Pointers: Concept of a Pointer, Initialisation of pointer variables, pointers as function arguments, passing
by address, Dangling memory, address arithmetic, character pointers and functions, pointers to pointers,
Dynamic memory management functions, command line arguments.
Structures: Derived types, structures declaration, Initialization of structures, accessing structures, nested
structures, arrays of structures, structures and functions, pointers to structures, self referential structures,
unions, typedef, bit-fields.
Data Files: Declaring, Opening, and Closing File Streams, Reading from and Writing to Text Files,
Random File Access

Outcomes:
 Understand the basic terminology used in computer programming
 Write, compile and debug programs in C language.
 Use different data types in a computer program.
 Design programs involving decision structures, loops and functions.
 Explain the difference between call by value and call by reference
 Understand the dynamics of memory by the use of pointers
 Use different data structures and create/update basic data files.

Text Books:
1. ANSI C Programming, Gary J. Bronson, Cengage Learning.
2. Programming in C, Bl Juneja Anita Seth, Cengage Learning.
3. The C programming Language, Dennis Richie and Brian Kernighan, Pearson Education.

Reference Books:
1. C Programming-A Problem Solving Approach, Forouzan, Gilberg, Cengage.
2. Programming with C, Bichkar, Universities Press.
3. Programming in C, ReemaThareja, OXFORD.
4. C by Example, Noel Kalicharan, Cambridge.

19
 L T P C
I Year - I Semester
4 0 0 3
ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Course Learning Objectives:

The objectives of the course is to impart
 Overall understanding of the natural resources
 Basic understanding of the ecosystem and its diversity
 Acquaintance on various environmental challenges induced due to unplanned anthropogenic
activities
 An understanding of the environmental impact of developmental activities
 Awareness on the social issues, environmental legislation and global treaties

Course Outcomes:
The student should have knowledge on
 The natural resources and their importance for the sustenance of the life and recognize the need to
conserve the natural resources
 The concepts of the ecosystem and its function in the environment. The need for protecting the
producers and consumers in various ecosystems and their role in the food web
 The biodiversity of India and the threats to biodiversity, and conservation practices to protect the
biodiversity
 Various attributes of the pollution and their impacts and measures to reduce or control the
pollution along with waste management practices
 Social issues both rural and urban environment and the possible means to combat the challenges
 The environmental legislations of India and the first global initiatives towards sustainable
development.
 About environmental assessment and the stages involved in EIA and the environmental audit.
 Self Sustaining Green Campus with Environment Friendly aspect of – Energy, Water and
Wastewater reuse Plantation, Rain water Harvesting, Parking Curriculum.

Syllabus:

UNIT – I Multidisciplinary nature of Environmental Studies: Definition, Scope and Importance –

Sustainability: Stockholm and Rio Summit–Global Environmental Challenges: Global warming and
climate change, Carbon Credits, acid rains, ozone layer depletion, population growth and explosion,
effects. Role of information Technology in Environment and human health.

20
Ecosystems: Concept of an ecosystem. - Structure and function of an ecosystem. - Producers, consumers
and decomposers. - Energy flow in the ecosystem - Ecological succession. - Food chains, food webs and
ecological pyramids. - Introduction, types, characteristic features, structure and function of Forest
ecosystem, Grassland ecosystem, Desert ecosystem, Aquatic ecosystems.

UNIT – II Natural Resources: Natural resources and associated problems

Forest resources – Use and over – exploitation, deforestation – Timber extraction – Mining, dams and
other effects on forest and tribal people
Water resources – Use and over utilization of surface and ground water – Floods, drought, conflicts over
water, dams – benefits and problems
Mineral resources: Use and exploitation, environmental effects of extracting and using mineral resources,
Sustainable mining of Granite, Literate, Coal, Sea and River sands.
Food resources: World food problems, changes caused by non-agriculture activities-effects of modern
agriculture, fertilizer-pesticide problems, water logging, salinity
Energy resources: Growing energy needs, renewable and non-renewable energy sources use of alternate
energy sources Vs Oil and Natural Gas Extraction.
Land resources: Land as a resource, land degradation, Wasteland reclamation, man induced landslides,
soil erosion and desertification. Role of an individual in conservation of natural resources. Equitable use
of resources for sustainable lifestyles.

UNIT – III Biodiversity and its conservation: Definition: genetic, species and ecosystem diversity-
classification - Value of biodiversity: consumptive use, productive use, social-Biodiversity at national
and local levels. India as a mega-diversity nation - Hot-spots of biodiversity - Threats to biodiversity:
habitat loss, man-wildlife conflicts - Endangered and endemic species of India – Conservation of
biodiversity: conservation of biodiversity.

UNIT – IV Environmental Pollution: Definition, Cause, effects and control measures of Air pollution,
Water pollution, Soil pollution, Noise pollution, Nuclear hazards. Role of an individual in prevention of
pollution. - Pollution case studies, Sustainable Life Studies. Impact of Fire Crackers on Men and his well
being.
Solid Waste Management: Sources, Classification, effects and control measures of urban and industrial
solid wastes. Consumerism and waste products, Biomedical, Hazardous and e – waste management.

21
UNIT – V Social Issues and the Environment: Urban problems related to energy -Water conservation,
rain water harvesting-Resettlement and rehabilitation of people; its problems and concerns.
Environmental ethics: Issues and possible solutions. Environmental Protection Act -Air (Prevention and
Control of Pollution) Act. –Water (Prevention and control of Pollution) Act -Wildlife Protection Act -
Forest Conservation Act-Issues involved in enforcement of environmental legislation. -Public awareness.

UNIT – VI Environmental Management: Impact Assessment and its significance various stages of
EIA, preparation of EMP and EIS, Environmental audit. Ecotourism, Green Campus – Green business
and Green politics.
The student should Visit an Industry / Ecosystem and submit a report individually on any issues related to
Environmental Studies course and make a power point presentation.

Text Books:
1. Environmental Studies, K. V. S. G. Murali Krishna, VGS Publishers, Vijayawada
2. Environmental Studies, R. Rajagopalan, 2nd Edition, 2011, Oxford University Press.
3. Environmental Studies, P. N. Palanisamy, P. Manikandan, A. Geetha, and K. Manjula Rani; Pearson
Education, Chennai

Reference:
1. Text Book of Environmental Studies, Deeshita Dave & P. Udaya Bhaskar, Cengage Learning.
2. A Textbook of Environmental Studies, Shaashi Chawla, TMH, New Delhi
3. Environmental Studies, Benny Joseph, Tata McGraw Hill Co, New Delhi
4. Perspectives in Environment Studies, Anubha Kaushik, C P Kaushik, New Age International
Publishers, 2014

22
 L T P C
I Year - I Semester
0 0 3 2
ENGINEERING / APPLIED CHEMISTRY LABORATORY

1. Introduction to Chemistry laboratory – Molarity, Normality, Primary, secondary standard

solutions, Volumetric titrations, Quantitative analysis, Qualitative analysis, etc.

2. Trial experiment - Determination of HCl using standard Na2CO3 solution.

3. Determination of alkalinity of a sample containing Na2CO3 and NaOH.

4. Determination of KMnO4 using standard Oxalic acid solution.

5. Determination of Ferrous iron using standard K2Cr2O7 solution.

6. Determination of Copper using standard K2Cr2O7 solution.

7. Determination of temporary and permanent hardness of water using standard EDTA solution.

8. Determination of Copper using standard EDTA solution.

9. Determination of Iron by a Colorimetric method using thiocynate as reagent.

10. Determination of pH of the given sample solution using pH meter.

11. Conductometric titration between strong acid and strong base.

12. Conductometric titration between strong acid and weak base.

13. Potentiometric titration between strong acid and strong base.

14. Potentiometric titration between strong acid and weak base.

15. Determination of Zinc using standard EDTA solution.

16. Determination of Vitamin – C.

Outcomes: The students entering into the professional course have practically very little exposure to lab
classes. The experiments introduce volumetric analysis; redox titrations with different indicators; EDTA
titrations; then they are exposed to a few instrumental methods of chemical analysis. Thus at the end of
the lab course, the student is exposed to different methods of chemical analysis and use of some
commonly employed instruments. They thus acquire some experimental skills.

23
Reference Books
1. A Textbook of Quantitative Analysis, Arthur J. Vogel.
2. Dr. Jyotsna Cherukuris (2012) Laboratory Manual of engineering chemistry-II, VGS Techno
Series
3. Chemistry Practical Manual, Lorven Publications
4. K. Mukkanti (2009) Practical Engineering Chemistry, B.S. Publication

24
 L T P C
I Year - I Semester
0 0 3 2
ENGLISH - COMMUNICATION SKILLS LAB- I

PRESCRIBED LAB MANUAL FOR SEMESTER I:

'INTERACT: English Lab Manual for Undergraduate Students' Published by Orient Blackswan Pvt
Ltd.
OBJECTIVES:
To enable the students to learn through practice the communication skills of listening, speaking, reading
and writing.
OUTCOME:
A study of the communicative items in the laboratory will help the students become successful in the
competitive world.
The course content along with the study material is divided into six units.
UNIT 1:
1. WHY study Spoken English?
2. Making Inqueries on the phone, thanking and responding to Thanks
Practice work.
UNIT 2:
1. Responding to Requests and asking for Directions
Practice work.
UNIT 3:
1. Asking for Clarifications, Inviting, Expressing Sympathy, Congratulating
2. Apologising, Advising, Suggesting, Agreeing and Disagreeing
Practice work.
UNIT 4:
1. Letters and Sounds
Practice work.
UNIT 5:
1. The Sounds of English
Practice work.
UNIT 6:
1. Pronunciation
2. Stress and Intonation
Practice work.

Assessment Procedure: Laboratory

1. Every lab session (150 minutes) should be handled by not less than two teachers (three would be
ideal) where each faculty has to conduct a speaking activity for 20/30 students.
2. The teachers are to assess each learner in the class for not less than 10 speaking activities, each
one to be assessed for 10 marks or 10%. The average of 10 day-to-day activity assessments is to
be calculated for 10 marks for internal assessment.
The rubric given below has to be filled in for all the students for all activities.

25
The rubric to assess the learners:

Neutralizati
Fluency & Clarity in Appropriate Total 10
Body language on of Remarks
Audibility Speech Language marks
accent
Gestures Eye Gramm Vocabula
& Contact ar ry &
Postures expressio
ns

 Lab Assessment: Internal (25 marks)

1. Day-to-Day activities: 10 marks
2. Completing the exercises in the lab manual: 5 marks
3. Internal test (5 marks written and 5 marks oral)
 Lab Assessment: External (50 marks)
1. Written test: 20 marks (writing a dialogue, note-taking and answering questions on listening to an
audio recording.
2. Oral: Reading aloud a text or a dialogue- 10 marks
3. Viva-Voce by the external examiner: 20 marks

Reference Books:
1. Strengthen your communication skills by Dr M Hari Prasad, Dr Salivendra Raju and Dr G
Suvarna Lakshmi, Maruti Publications.
2. English for Professionals by Prof Eliah, B.S Publications, Hyderabad.
3. Unlock, Listening and speaking skills 2, Cambridge University Press
4. Spring Board to Success, Orient BlackSwan
5. A Practical Course in effective english speaking skills, PHI
6. Word power made handy, Dr shalini verma, Schand Company
7. Let us hear them speak, Jayashree Mohanraj, Sage texts
8. Professional Communication, Aruna Koneru, Mc Grawhill Education
9. Cornerstone, Developing soft skills, Pearson Education

26
 L T P C
I Year - I Semester
0 0 3 2
COMPUTER PROGRAMMING LAB

OBJECTIVES:
• Understand the basic concept of C Programming, and its different modules that includes conditional and
looping expressions, Arrays, Strings, Functions, Pointers, Structures and File programming.

• Acquire knowledge about the basic concept of writing a program.

• Role of constants, variables, identifiers, operators, type conversion and other building blocks of C
Language.

• Use of conditional expressions and looping statements to solve problems associated with conditions and
repetitions.

• Role of Functions involving the idea of modularity.

Programming

Exercise - 1 Basics
a) What is an OS Command, Familiarization of Editors - vi, Emacs
b) Using commands like mkdir, ls, cp, mv, cat, pwd, and man
c) C Program to Perform Adding, Subtraction, Multiplication and Division of two numbers From
Command line

Exercise - 2 Basic Math

a) Write a C Program to Simulate 3 Laws at Motion
b) Write a C Program to convert Celsius to Fahrenheit and vice versa

Exercise - 3 Control Flow - I

a)Write a C Program to Find Whether the Given Year is a Leap Year or not.
b)Write a C Program to Add Digits & Multiplication of a number

Exercise – 4 Control Flow - II

a) Write a C Program to Find Whether the Given Number is
i) Prime Number
ii) Armstrong Number
b) Write a C program to print Floyd Triangle
c) Write a C Program to print Pascal Triangle

Exercise – 5 Functions
a) Write a C Program demonstrating of parameter passing in Functions and returning values.
b) Write a C Program illustrating Fibonacci, Factorial with Recursion without Recursion

Exercise – 6 Control Flow - III

a) Write a C Program to make a simple Calculator to Add, Subtract, Multiply or Divide Using
switch…case
b) Write a C Program to convert decimal to binary and hex (using switch call function the function)
27
Exercise – 7 Functions - Continued
Write a C Program to compute the values ofsin x and cos x and e^x values using Series expansion. (use
factorial function)

Exercise – 8 Arrays
Demonstration of arrays
a) Search-Linear.
b) Sorting-Bubble, Selection.
c) Operations on Matrix.

Exercises - 9 Structures
a)Write a C Program to Store Information of a Movie Using Structure
b)Write a C Program to Store Information Using Structures with Dynamically Memory Allocation
c) Write a C Program to Add Two Complex Numbers by Passing Structure to a Function

Exercise - 10 Arrays and Pointers

a) Write a C Program to Access Elements of an Array Using Pointer
b) Write a C Program to find the sum of numbers with arrays and pointers.

Exercise – 11 Dynamic Memory Allocations

a) Write a C program to find sum of n elements entered by user. To perform this program, allocate
memory dynamically using malloc () function.

b) Write a C program to find sum of n elements entered by user. To perform this program, allocate
memory dynamically using calloc () function. Understand the difference between the above two
programs

Exercise – 12 Strings
a) Implementation of string manipulation operations with library function.
i) copy
ii) concatenate
iii) length
iv) compare
b) Implementation of string manipulation operations without library function.
i) copy
ii) concatenate
iii) length
iv) compare

Exercise -13 Files

a)Write a C programming code to open a file and to print it contents on screen.
b)Write a C program to copy files

Exercise - 14 Files Continued

a) Write a C program merges two files and stores their contents in another file.
b)Write a C program to delete a file.

28
OUTCOMES:

• Apply and practice logical ability to solve the problems.

• Understand C programming development environment, compiling, debugging, and linking and

executing a program using the development environment

• Analyzing the complexity of problems, Modularize the problems into small modules and then convert
them into programs

• Understand and apply the in-built functions and customized functions for solving theproblems.

• Understand and apply the pointers, memory allocation techniques and use of files fordealing with
variety of problems.

• Document and present the algorithms, flowcharts and programs in form of user-manuals

•Identification of various computer components, Installation of software

Note:

a) All the Programs must be executed in the Linux Environment. (Mandatory)

b) The Lab record must be a print of the LATEX (.tex) Format.

29
 L T P C
I Year - II Semester
4 0 0 3
ENGLISH -II
Introduction:
In view of the growing importance of English as a tool for global communication and the consequent
emphasis on training the students to acquire communicative competence, the syllabus has been designed
to develop linguistic and communicative competence of the students of Engineering.
As far as the detailed Textbooks are concerned, the focus should be on the skills of listening,
speaking, reading and writing. The nondetailed Textbooks are meant for extensive reading for pleasure
and profit.
Thus the stress in the syllabus in primarily on the development of communicative skills and fostering
of ideas.
Objectives:
1. To imporve the language proficiency of the students in English with emphasis on LSRW skills.
2. To enable the students to study and comprehend the prescribed lessons and subjects more
effectively relating to their theorotical and practical components.
3. To develop the communication skills of the students in both formal and informal situations.

LISTENING SKILLS:
Objectives:
1. To enable the students to appreciate the role of listening skill and improve their pronounciation.
2. To enable the students to comprehend the speech of people belonging to different backgrounds
and regions.
3. To enable the students to listen for general content, to fill up information and for specific
information.

SPEAKING SKILLS:
Objectives:
1. To make the students aware of the importance of speaking for their personal and professional
communication.
2. To enable the students to express themselves fluently and accurately in social and professional
success.
3. To help the students describe objects, situations and people.
4. To make the students participate in group activities like roleplays, discussions and debates.
5. To make the students particiapte in Just a Minute talks.

30
READING SKILLS:
Objectives:
1. To enable the students to comprehend a text through silent reading.
2. To enable the students to guess the meanings of words, messages and inferences of texts in given
contexts.
3. To enable the students to skim and scan a text.
4. To enable the students to identify the topic sentence.
5. To enable the students to identify discourse features.
6. To enable the students to make intensive and extensive reading.

WRITING SKILLS:
Objectives:
1. To make the students understand that writing is an exact formal skills.
2. To enable the students to write sentences and paragraphs.
3. To make the students identify and use appropriate vocabulary.
4. To enable the students to narrate and describe.
5. To enable the students capable of note-making.
6. To enable the students to write coherently and cohesively.
7. To make the students to write formal and informal letters.
8. To enable the students to describe graphs using expressions of comparision.
9. To enable the students to write techincal reports.

Methodology:
1. The class are to be learner-centered where the learners are to read the texts to get a comprehensive
idea of those texts on their own with the help of the peer group and the teacher.
2. Integrated skill development methodology has to be adopted with focus on individual language
skills as per the tasks/exercise.
3. The tasks/exercises at the end of each unit should be completed by the learners only and the
teacher interventionis perimitted as per the complexity of the task/exercise.
4. The teacher is expected to use supplementary material wherever necessary and also generate
activities/tasks as per the requirement.
5. The teacher is perimitted to use lecture method when a completely new concept is introduced in
the class.

Assessment Procedure: Theory

1. The formative and summative assessment procedures are to be adopted (mid exams and end
semester examination).
2. Neither the formative nor summative assessment procedures should test the memory of the
content of the texts given in the textbook. The themes and global comprehension of the units in
the present day context with application of the langauge skills learnt in the unit are to be tested.
3. Only new unseen passages are to be given to test reading skills of the learners. Written skills are
to be tested from sentence level to essay level. The communication formats—emails,letters and
reports-- are to be tested along with appropriate langauge and expressions.
4. Examinations:

31
 I mid exam + II mid exam (15% for descriptive tests+10% for online tests)= 25%
(80% for the best of two and 20% for the other)
Assignments= 5%
End semester exams=70%
5. Three take home assignments are to be given to the learners where they will have to read texts
from the reference books list or other sources and write their gist in their own words.

The following text books are recommended for study in I B.Tech II Semester (Common for all
branches) and I B.Pharma II Sem of JNTU Kakinada from the academic year 2016-17 (R-16
Regulations)
DETAILED TEXTBOOK: ENGLISH ENCOUNTERS Published by Maruthi Publishers.
DETAILED NON-DETAIL:THE GREAT INDIAN SCIENTISTS Published by Cenguage learning
The course content along with the study material is divided into six units.
UNIT 1:
1. ' The Greatest Resource- Education' from English Encounters
OBJECTIVE:
Schumacher describes the education system by saying that it was mere training, something more than
mere knowledge of facts.
OUTCOME:
The lesson underscores that the ultimate aim of Education is to enhance wisdom.
2. ' A P J Abdul Kalam' from The Great Indian Scientists.
OBJECTIVE:
The lesson highlights Abdul Kalam's contributions to Indian science and the awards he received.
OUTCOME:
Abdul Kalam's simple life and service to the nation inspires the readers to follow in his footsteps.

UNIT 2:
1. ' A Dilemma' from English Encounters
OBJECTIVE: The lesson centres on the pros and cons of the development of science and technology.
OUTCOME: The lesson enables the students to promote peaceful co-existence and universal harmony
among people and society.
2. 'C V Raman' from The Great Indian Scientists.

OBJECTIVE:
The lesson highlights the dedicated research work of C V Raman and his achievements in Physics.
OUTCOME:
The Achievements of C V Raman are inspiring and exemplary to the readers and all scientists.

UNIT 3:
1. 'Cultural Shock': Adjustments to new Cultural Environments from English Encounters.
OBJECTIVE: The lesson depicts of the symptoms of Cultural Shock and the aftermath consequence
OUTCOME:
The lesson imparts the students to manage different cultural shocks due to globalization.
2. 'Homi Jehangir Bhabha' from The Great Indian Scientists.
OBJECTIVE:
The lesson highlights Homi Jehangir Bhabha's contributions to Indian nuclear programme as architect.
OUTCOME:
The seminal contributions of Homi Jehangir Bhabha to Indian nuclear programme provide an aspiration
to the readers to serve the nation and sterngthen it.

32
UNIT 4:
1. 'The Lottery' from English Encounters.
OBJECTIVE:
The lesson highlights insightful commentary on cultural traditions.
OUTCOME:
The theme projects society’s need to re examine its traditions when they are outdated.
2. 'Jagadish Chandra Bose' from The Great Indian Scientists.
OBJECTIVE:
The lesson gives an account of the unique discoveries and inventions of Jagadish Chandra Bose in
Science.
OUTCOME: The Scientific discoveries and inventions of Jagadish Chandra Bose provide inspiration to
the readers to make their own contributions to science and technology, and strengthen the nation.

UNIT 5:
1. ' The Health Threats of Climate Change' from English Encounters.

OBJECTIVE:
The essay presents several health disorders that spring out due to environmental changes
OUTCOME:
The lesson offers several inputs to protect environment for the sustainability of the future generations.
2. ' Prafulla Chandra Ray' from The Great Indian Scientists.
OBJECTIVE:
The lesson given an account of the experiments and discoveries in Pharmaceuticals of Prafulla Chandra
Ray.
OUTCOME:
Prafulla Chandra Ray's scientific achievements and patriotic fervour provide inspiration to the reader.

UNIT 6:
1. ' The Chief Software Architect' from English Encounters
OBJECTIVE:
The lesson supports the developments of technology for the betterment of human life.
OUTCOME:
Pupil get inspired by eminent personalities who toiled for the present day advancement of software
development.
2. ' Srinivasa Ramanujan' from The Great Indian Scientists.
OBJECTIVE:
The lesson highlights the extraordinary achievements of Srinivasa Ramanujan, a great mathematician and
the most romantic figure in mathematics.
OUTCOME:
The lesson provides inspiration to the readers to think and tap their innate talents.
NOTE:
All the exercises given in the prescribed lessons in both detailed and non-detailed textbooks relating to
the theme and language skills must be covered.

33
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER FOR THEORY

PART- I
Six short answer questions on 6 unit themes
One question on eliciting student's response to any of the themes
PART-II
Each question should be from one unit and the last question can be a combination of two or more units.
Each question should have 3 sub questions: A,B & C
A will be from the main text: 5 marks
B from non-detailed text: 3 marks
C on grammar and Vocabulary: 6 marks

34
 L T P C
I Year - II Semester
4 0 0 3
MATHEMATICS – II (MATHEMATICAL METHODS)
Course Objectives:
1. The course is designed to equip the students with the necessary mathematical skills and
techniques that are essential for an engineering course.
2. The skills derived from the course will help the student from a necessary base to
develop analytic and design concepts.
3. Understand the most basic numerical methods to solve simultaneous linear equations.

Course Outcomes: At the end of the Course, Student will be able to:
1. Calculate a root of algebraic and transcendental equations. Explain relation between
the finite difference operators.
2. Compute interpolating polynomial for the given data.
3. Solve ordinary differential equations numerically using Euler’s and RK method.
4. Find Fourier series and Fourier transforms for certain functions.
5. Identify/classify and solve the different types of partial differential equations.

UNIT I: Solution of Algebraic and Transcendental Equations:

Introduction- Bisection method – Method of false position – Iteration method – Newton-Raphson method
(One variable and simultaneous Equations).

UNIT II: Interpolation:

Introduction- Errors in polynomial interpolation – Finite differences- Forward differences- Backward
differences –Central differences – Symbolic relations and separation of symbols - Differences of a
polynomial-Newton’s formulae for interpolation – Interpolation with unequal intervals - Lagrange’s
interpolation formula.

UNIT III: Numerical Integration and solution of Ordinary Differential equations:

Trapezoidal rule- Simpson’s 1/3rd and 3/8th rule-Solution of ordinary differential equations by Taylor’s
series-Picard’s method of successive approximations-Euler’s method - Runge-Kutta method (second and
fourth order).

UNIT IV: Fourier Series:

Introduction- Periodic functions – Fourier series of -periodic function - Dirichlet’s conditions – Even and
odd functions –Change of interval– Half-range sine and cosine series.

UNIT V: Applications of PDE:

Method of separation of Variables- Solution of One dimensional Wave, Heat and two-dimensional
Laplace equation.

UNIT VI: Fourier Transforms:

Fourier integral theorem (without proof) – Fourier sine and cosine integrals - sine and cosine transforms
– properties – inverse transforms – Finite Fourier transforms.

35
Text Books:

1. B.S.Grewal, Higher Engineering Mathematics, 43rd Edition, Khanna Publishers.

2. N.P.Bali, Engineering Mathematics, Lakshmi Publications.

Reference Books:
1. Dean G. Duffy, Advanced engineering mathematics with MATLAB, CRC Press
2. V.Ravindranath and P.Vijayalakshmi, Mathematical Methods, Himalaya Publishing House.
3. Erwin Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 10th Edition, Wiley-India
4. David Kincaid, Ward Cheney, Numerical Analysis-Mathematics of Scientific Computing, 3rd
Edition, Universities Press.
5. Srimanta Pal, Subodh C.Bhunia, Engineering Mathematics, Oxford University Press.
6. Dass H.K., Rajnish Verma. Er., Higher Engineering Mathematics, S. Chand Co. Pvt. Ltd, Delhi.

36
Course Objectives:
L T P C
I Year - II Semester
4 0 0 3
MATHEMATICS-III
1. The course is designed to equip the students with the necessary mathematical skills and
techniques that are essential for an engineering course.
2. The skills derived from the course will help the student from a necessary base to
develop analytic and design concepts.
3. Understand the most basic numerical methods to solve simultaneous linear equations.
Course Outcomes: At the end of the Course, Student will be able to:
1. Determine rank, Eigen values and Eigen vectors of a given matrix and solve
simultaneous linear equations.
2. Solve simultaneous linear equations numerically using various matrix methods.
3. Determine double integral over a region and triple integral over a volume.
4. Calculate gradient of a scalar function, divergence and curl of a vector function.
Determine line, surface and volume integrals. Apply Green, Stokes and Gauss
divergence theorems to calculate line, surface and volume integrals.

UNIT I: Linear systems of equations:

Rank-Echelon form-Normal form – Solution of linear systems – Gauss elimination - Gauss Jordon-
Gauss Jacobi and Gauss Seidal methods. Applications: Finding the current in electrical circuits.

UNIT II: Eigen values - Eigen vectors and Quadratic forms:

Eigen values - Eigen vectors– Properties – Cayley-Hamilton theorem - Inverse and powers of a matrix by
using Cayley-Hamilton theorem- Diagonalization- Quadratic forms- Reduction of quadratic form to
canonical form – Rank - Positive, negative and semi definite - Index – Signature.
Applications: Free vibration of a two-mass system.

UNIT III: Multiple integrals:

Curve tracing: Cartesian, Polar and Parametric forms.
Multiple integrals: Double and triple integrals – Change of variables – Change of order of integration.
Applications: Finding Areas and Volumes.

UNIT IV: Special functions:

Beta and Gamma functions- Properties - Relation between Beta and Gamma functions- Evaluation of
improper integrals.
Applications: Evaluation of integrals.

UNIT V: Vector Differentiation:

Gradient- Divergence- Curl - Laplacian and second order operators -Vector identities.
Applications: Equation of continuity, potential surfaces

UNIT VI: Vector Integration:

Line integral – Work done – Potential function – Area- Surface and volume integrals Vector integral
theorems: Greens, Stokes and Gauss Divergence theorems (without proof) and related problems.
Applications: Work done, Force.

37
Text Books:
1. B.S.Grewal, Higher Engineering Mathematics, 43rd Edition, Khanna Publishers.
2. N.P.Bali, Engineering Mathematics, Lakshmi Publications.

Reference Books:
1. Greenberg, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 2nd edition, Pearson edn
2. Erwin Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 10th Edition, Wiley-India
3. Peter O’Neil, Advanced Engineering Mathematics,7th edition, Cengage Learning.
4. D.W. Jordan and T.Smith, Mathematical Techniques, Oxford University Press.
5. Srimanta Pal, Subodh C.Bhunia, Engineering Mathematics, Oxford University Press.
6. Dass H.K., Rajnish Verma. Er., Higher Engineering Mathematics, S. Chand Co. Pvt. Ltd, Delhi.

38
 L T P C
I Year - II Semester
4 0 0 3

ENGINEERING PHYSICS
( ME, CE, PE, PCE, MET.E, MINING, AUTOMOBILE, CHEMICAL,AERONAUTICAL,
BIO.TECH)

OBJECTIVES: Physics curriculum which is re-oriented to the needs of Circuital branches of graduate
engineering courses offered by JNTUniv.Kkd. that serves as a transit to understand the branch specific
advanced topics. The courses are designed to:
 Impart concepts of Optical Interference, Diffraction and Polarization required to design
instruments with higher resolution - Concepts of coherent sources, its realization and utility
optical instrumentation.
 Study the Structure-property relationship exhibited by solid crystal materials for their utility.
 Tap the Simple harmonic motion and its adaptability for improved acoustic quality of concert
halls.
 To explore the Nuclear Power as a reliable source required to run industries
 To impart the knowledge of materials with characteristic utility in appliances.

UNIT-I
INTERFERENCE: Principle of Superposition – Coherent Sources – Interference in thin films
(reflection geometry) – Newton’s rings – construction and basic principle of Interferometers.

UNIT-II
DIFFRACTION: Fraunhofer diffraction at single slit cases of double slit, N-slits & Circular Aperture
(Qualitative treatment only)-Grating equation - Resolving power of a grating, Telescope and
Microscopes.

UNIT-III
POLARIZATION: Types of Polarization-production - Nicol Prism -Quarter wave plate and Half Wave
plate – Working principle of Polarimeter (Sacharimeter)
LASERS: Characteristics– Stimulated emission – Einstein’s Transition Probabilities- Pumping schemes
- Ruby laser – Helium Neon laser.

UNIT-IV
ACOUSTICS: Reverberation time - Sabine’s formula – Acoustics of concert-hall.
ULTRASONICS: Production - Ultrasonic transducers- Non-Destructive Testing –Applications.

UNIT-V
CRYSTALLOGRAPHY & X-RAY DIFFRACTION: Basis and lattice – Bravais systems- Symmetry
elements- Unit cell- packing fraction – coordination number- Miller indices – Separation between
successive (h k l) planes – Bragg’s law.
NUCLEAR ENERGY – SOURCE OF POWER: Mass defect & Binding Energy – Fusion and Fission
as sources – Fast breeder Reactors.

39
UNIT-VI
MAGNETISM: Classification based on Field, Temperature and order/disorder –atomic origin –
Ferromagnetism- Hysteresis- applications of magnetic materials (Para &Ferro)..
DIELECTRICS: Electric Polarization – Dielectrics in DC and AC fields – Internal field – Clausius
Mossoti Equation - Loss, Breakdown and strength of dielectric materials – Ferroelectric Hysteresis and
applications.

Outcome: Construction and working details of instruments, ie., Interferometer, Diffractometer and
Polarimeter are learnt. Study Acoustics, crystallography magnetic and dielectric materials enhances the
utility aspects of materials.

Text Books:
1. A Textbook of Engineering Physics – by Dr. M.N.Avadhanulu and Dr.P.G.Kshirasagar, S.Chand &
Company Ltd., (2014)
2. Physics for Engineers by M.R.Srinasan, New Age international publishers (2009)
3. Engineering Physics by D.K.Bhattacharya and Poonam Tandon, Oxford press (2015)

Refference Books:
1. Applied Physics by P.K.Palanisamy , Scitech publications (2014)
2. Lasers and Non-Linear optics by B.B.Laud, Newage international publishers (2008)

40
 L T P C
I Year - II Semester
4 0 0 3
BASIC ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
Preamble:
This course covers the topics related to analysis of various electrical circuits, operation of various
electrical machines, various electronic components to perform well in their respective fields.

Learning Objectives:
 To learn the basic principles of electrical circuital law’s and analysis of networks.
 To understand the principle of operation and construction details of DC machines &
Transformers.
 To understand the principle of operation and construction details of alternator and 3-Phase
induction motor.
 To study the operation of PN junction diode, half wave, full wave rectifiers and OP-AMPs.
 To learn the operation of PNP and NPN transistors and various amplifiers.

UNIT - I
Electrical Circuits:
Basic definitions - Types of network elements - Ohm’s Law - Kirchhoff’s Laws - Inductive networks -
Capacitive networks – Series - Parallel circuits - Star-delta and delta-star transformations.

UNIT - II
Dc Machines:
Principle of operation of DC generator – EMF equation - Types of DC machine – Torque equation –
Applications – Three point starter - Speed control methods of DC motor – Swinburne’s Test.

UNIT - III
Transformers:
Principle of operation and construction of single phase transformers – EMF equation – Losses – OC &
SC tests - Efficiency and regulation.

UNIT - IV
AC Rotating Machines:
Principle of operation and construction of alternators– Types of alternators – Principle of operation of
synchronous motor - Principle of operation of 3-Phase induction motor – Slip-torque characteristics -
Efficiency – Applications.

UNIT V
Rectifiers & Linear ICs:
PN junction diodes - Diode applications(Half wave and bridge rectifiers).Characteristicsof operation
amplifiers (OP-AMP) - application of OP-AMPs (inverting, non-inverting,integrator and differentiator).

UNIT VI
Transistors:
PNP and NPN junction transistor, transistor as an amplifier- Transistor amplifier - Frequency response of
CE amplifier - Concepts of feedback amplifier.

41
Learning Outcomes:
 Able to analyse the various electrical networks.
 Able to understand the operation of DC generators,3-point starter and DC machine testing by
Swinburne’s Test.
 Able to analyse the performance of single-phase transformer.
 Able to explain the operation of 3-phase alternator and 3-phase induction motors.
 Able to analyse the operation of half wave, full wave bridge rectifiers and OP-AMPs.
 Able to explain the single stage CE amplifier and concept of feedback amplifier.

Text Books:
1. Electrical Technology by Surinder Pal Bali, Pearson Publications.
2. Electronic Devices and Circuits, R.L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky, 9th edition, PEI/PHI 2006.

Reference Books:
1.Electrical Circuit Theory and Technology by John Bird, Routledge Taylor &Francis Group
2. Basic Electrical Engineering by M.S.Naidu and S.Kamakshiah,TMH Publications
3.Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering by Rajendra Prasad, PHI Publications,2nd edition
4.Basic Electrical Engineering by Nagsarkar,Sukhija, Oxford Publications,2nd edition
5.Industrial Electronics by G.K. Mittal, PHI

42
 L T P C
I Year - II Semester
4 0 0 3
ENGINEERING DRAWING
Objective: Engineering drawing being the principle method of communication for engineers, the
objective is to introduce the students, the techniques of constructing the various types of polygons,
curves and scales. The objective is also to visualize and represent the 3D objects in 2D planes with
proper dimensioning, scaling etc.

UNIT I
Objective: To introduce the students to use drawing instruments and to draw polygons, Engg. Curves.
Polygons: Constructing regular polygons by general methods, inscribing and describing polygons on
circles.
Curves: Parabola, Ellipse and Hyperbola by general methods, cycloids, involutes, tangents & normals
for the curves.

UNIT II
Objective: To introduce the students to use scales and orthographic projections, projections of points &
simple lines.
Scales: Plain scales, diagonal scales and vernier scales
Orthographic Projections: Horizontal plane, vertical plane, profile plane, importance of reference lines,
projections of points in various quadrants, projections of lines, lines parallel either to of the reference
planes (HP,VP or PP)

UNIT III
Objective: The objective is to make the students draw the projections of the lines inclined to both the
planes.
Projections of straight lines inclined to both the planes, determination of true lengths, angle of inclination
and traces- HT, VT

UNIT IV
Objective: The objective is to make the students draw the projections of the plane inclined to both the
planes.
Projections of planes: regular planes perpendicular/parallel to one plane and inclined to the other
reference plane; inclined to both the reference planes.

UNIT V
Objective: The objective is to make the students draw the projections of the various types of solids in
different positions inclined to one of the planes.
Projections of Solids – Prisms, Pyramids, Cones and Cylinders with the axis inclined to one of the planes.

UNIT VI
Objective: The objective is to represent the object in 3D view through isometric views. The student will
be able to represent and convert the isometric view to orthographic view and vice versa.
Conversion of isometric views to orthographic views; Conversion of orthographic views to isometric
views.

43
Text Books:
1. Engineering Drawing by N.D. Butt, Chariot Publications
2. Engineering Drawing by Agarwal & Agarwal, Tata McGraw Hill Publishers

Reference Books:
1. Engineering Drawing by K.L.Narayana & P. Kannaiah, Scitech Publishers
2. Engineering Graphics for Degree by K.C. John, PHI Publishers
3. Engineering Graphics by PI Varghese, McGrawHill Publishers
4. Engineering Drawing + AutoCad – K Venugopal, V. Prabhu Raja, New Age

44
 L T P C
I Year - II Semester
0 0 3 2
ENGLISH-COMMUNICATIONS SKILLS LAB-II
PRESCRIBED LAB MANUAL FOR SEMESTER II:
'INTERACT: English Lab Manual for Undergraduate Students' Published by Orient Blackswan Pvt
Ltd.
OBJECTIVES:
To enable the students to learn demonstratively the communication skills of listening, speaking, reading
and writing.
OUTCOME:
A study of the communicative items in the laboratory will help the students become successful in the
competitive world.
The course content along with the study material is divided into six units.
UNIT 1:
1. Debating
Practice work
UNIT 2:
1. Group Discussions
Practice work
UNIT 3:
1. Presentation Skills
Practice work
UNIT 4:
1. Interview Skills
Practice work
UNIT 5:
1. Email,
2. Curriculum Vitae
Practice work
UNIT 6:
1. Idiomatic Expressions
2. Common Errors in English
Practice work

45
Reference Books:
1. Strengthen your communication skills by Dr M Hari Prasad, Dr Salivendra Raju and Dr G
Suvarna Lakshmi, Maruti Publications.
2. English for Professionals by Prof Eliah, B.S Publications, Hyderabad.
3. Unlock, Listening and speaking skills 2, Cambridge University Press
4. Spring Board to Success, Orient BlackSwan
5. A Practical Course in effective english speaking skills, PHI
6. Word power made handy, Dr shalini verma, Schand Company
7. Let us hear them speak, Jayashree Mohanraj, Sage texts
8. Professional Communication, Aruna Koneru, Mc Grawhill Education
9. Cornerstone, Developing soft skills, Pearson Education

(Any 10 of the following listed experiments)

46
 L T P C
I Year - II Semester
0 0 3 2
ENGINEERING / APPLIED PHYSICS LAB

Objective: Training field oriented Engineering graduates to handle instruments and

their design methods to improve the accuracy of measurements.

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS:
1. Determination of wavelength of a source-Diffraction Grating-Normal incidence.
2. Newton’s rings – Radius of Curvature of Plano - Convex Lens.
3. Determination of thickness of a spacer using wedge film and parallel interference fringes.
4. Determination of Rigidity modulus of a material- Torsional Pendulum.
5. Determination of Acceleration due to Gravity and Radius of Gyration- Compound
Pendulum.
6. Melde’s experiment – Transverse and Longitudinal modes.
7. Verification of laws of vibrations in stretched strings – Sonometer.
8. Determination of velocity of sound – Volume Resonator.
9. L- C- R Series Resonance Circuit.
10. Study of I/V Characteristics of Semiconductor diode.
11. I/V characteristics of Zener diode.
12. Characteristics of Thermistor – Temperature Coefficients.
13. Magnetic field along the axis of a current carrying coil – Stewart and Gee’s apparatus.
14. Energy Band gap of a Semiconductor p - n junction.
15. Hall Effect in semiconductors.
16. Time constant of CR circuit.
17. Determination of wavelength of laser source using diffraction grating.
18. Determination of Young’s modulus by method of single cantilever oscillations.
19. Determination of lattice constant – lattice dimensions kit.
20. Determination of Planck’s constant using photocell.
21. Determination of surface tension of liquid by capillary rise method.

Outcome: Physics lab curriculum gives fundamental understanding of design of an

instrument with targeted accuracy for physical measurements.
47
 L T P C
I Year - II Semester
0 0 2 0
ENGINEERING / APPLIED PHYSICS - VIRTUAL
LABS – ASSIGNMENTS

(Constitutes 5% marks of 30marks of Internal-component)

Objective: Training Engineering students to prepare a technical document and
improving their writing skills.

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1. Hall Effect
2. Crystal Structure
3. Hysteresis
4. Brewster’s angle
5. Magnetic Levitation / SQUID
6. Numerical Aperture of Optical fiber
7. Photoelectric Effect
8. Simple Harmonic Motion
9. Damped Harmonic Motion
10. LASER – Beam Divergence and Spot size
11. B-H curve
12. Michelson’s interferometer
13. Black body radiation
URL: www.vlab.co.in

Outcome: Physics Virtual laboratory curriculum in the form of assignment ensures an

engineering graduate to prepare a /technical/mini-project/ experimental report
with scientific temper.

48
 L T P C
I Year - II Semester
0 0 3 2
ENGINEERING WORKSHOP & IT WORKSHOP
ENGINEERING WORKSHOP
Course Objective: To impart hands-on practice on basic engineering trades and skills.
Note: At least two exercises to be done from each trade.
Trade:
Carpentry 1. T-Lap Joint
2. Cross Lap Joint
3. Dovetail Joint
4. Mortise and Tenon Joint
Fitting 1. Vee Fit
2. Square Fit
3. Half Round Fit
4. Dovetail Fit
Black Smithy 1. Round rod to Square
2. S-Hook
3. Round Rod to Flat Ring
4. Round Rod to Square headed bolt
House Wiring 1. Parallel / Series Connection of three bulbs
2. Stair Case wiring
3. Florescent Lamp Fitting
4. Measurement of Earth Resistance
Tin Smithy 1. Taper Tray
2. Square Box without lid
3. Open Scoop
4. Funnel
IT WORKSHOP
OBJECTIVES:
 Understand the basic components and peripherals of a computer.
 To become familiar in configuring a system.
 Learn the usage of productivity tools.
 Acquire knowledge about the netiquette and cyber hygiene.
 Get hands on experience in trouble shooting a system?

1. System Assembling, Disassembling and identification of Parts / Peripherals

2. Operating System Installation-Install Operating Systems like Windows, Linux along with necessary
Device Drivers.

49
3. MS-Office / Open Office
a. Word - Formatting, Page Borders, Reviewing, Equations, symbols.
b. Spread Sheet - organize data, usage of formula, graphs, charts.
c. Power point - features of power point, guidelines for preparing an effective
presentation.
d. Access- creation of database, validate data.

4. Network Configuration & Software Installation-Configuring TCP/IP, proxy and firewall settings.
Installing application software, system software & tools.
5. Internet and World Wide Web-Search Engines, Types of search engines, netiquette, cyber hygiene.
6. Trouble Shooting-Hardware trouble shooting, Software trouble shooting.
7. MATLAB- basic commands, subroutines, graph plotting.
8. LATEX-basic formatting, handling equations and images.

OUTCOMES:
 Common understanding of concepts, patterns of decentralization implementation in
Africa †
 Identified opportunities for coordinated policy responses, capacity building and
implementation of best practices †
 Identified instruments for improved decentralization to the local level †
 Identified strategies for overcoming constraints to effective decentralization and sustainable
management at different levels

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Computer Hardware, Installation, Interfacing, Troubleshooting and Maintenance, K.L. James,

Eastern Economy Edition.
2. Microsoft Office 2007: Introductory Concepts and Techniques, Windows XP Edition ByGary
B. Shelly, Misty E. Vermaat and Thomas J. Cashman (2007, Paperback).
3. LATEX- User’s Guide and Reference manual, Leslie Lamport, Pearson, LPE, 2/e.
4. Getting Started with MATLAB: A Quick Introduction for Scientists and Engineers,
Rudraprathap, Oxford University Press, 2002.
5. Scott Mueller’s Upgrading and Repairing PCs, 18/e, Scott. Mueller, QUE, Pearson, 2008
6. The Complete Computer upgrade and repair book, 3/e, Cheryl A Schmidt, Dreamtech.
7. Comdex Information Technology course tool kit Vikas Gupta, WILEY Dreamtech.
8. Introduction to Information Technology, ITL Education Solutions limited, Pearson Education.

50
 L T P C
II Year - I Semester
3 0 0 2
METALLURGY & MATERIALS SCIENCE

Course Objective: To understand the basic fundamentals of Material science and Physical metallurgy.
The basic concepts to be taught will help for the improvement, proper selection and effective utilization
of materials which is essential to satisfy the ever increasing demands of the society.

UNIT – I
Learning Objective: To know the basic concepts of bonds in metals and alloys. To understand the basic
requirements for the formation of solid solutions and other compounds.
Structure of Metals and Constitution of alloys: Bonds in Solids – Metallic bond - crystallization of
metals, grain and grain boundaries, effect of grain boundaries on the properties of metal / alloys –
determination of grain size. Necessity of alloying, types of solid solutions, Hume Rotherys rules,
intermediate alloy phases, and electron compounds.

UNIT –II
Learning objectives: To understand the regions of stability of the phases that can occur in an alloy
system in order to solve the problems in practical metallurgy.
Equilibrium Diagrams : Experimental methods of construction of equilibrium diagrams, Isomorphous
alloy systems, equilibrium cooling and heating of alloys, Lever rule, coring miscibility gaps, eutectic
systems, congruent melting intermediate phases, peritectic reaction. Transformations in the solid state –
allotropy, eutectoid, peritectoid reactions, phase rule, relationship between equilibrium diagrams and
properties of alloys. Study of important binary phase diagrams of Cu-Ni-, Al-Cu, Bi-Cd, Cu-An, Cus-Sn
and Fe-Fe3C.

UNIT –III
Learning objectives: To study the basic differences between cast irons and steels, their properties and
practical applications.
Cast Irons and Steels: Structure and properties of White Cast iron, Malleable Cast iron, grey cast iron,
Spheriodal graphite cast iron, Alloy cast irons. Classification of steels, structure and properties of plain
carbon steels, Low alloy steels, Hadfield manganese steels, tool and die steels.

UNIT – IV
Learning objectives: To study the affect of various alloying elements on iron-iron carbide system. To
understand the various heat treatment and strengthening processes used in practical applications.
Heat treatment of Alloys: Effect of alloying elements on Fe-Fe3C system, Annealing, normalizing,
Hardening, TTT diagrams, tempering , Hardenability, surface - hardening methods, Age hardening
treatment, Cryogenic treatment of alloys.

UNIT – V
Learning objectives: To study the properties and applications of widely used non-ferrous metals and
alloys so as to use the suitable material for practical applications.
Non-ferrous Metals and Alloys: Structure and properties of copper and its alloys, Aluminium and its
alloys, Titanium and its alloys.

51
UNIT – VI
Learning objectives: To study the properties and applications of ceramic, composite and other advanced
materials so as to use the suitable material for practical applications.
Ceramic and composite materials: Crystalline ceramics, glasses, cermaets, abrasive materials,
nanomaterials – definition, properties and applications of the above.
Classification of composites, various methods of component manufacture of composites, particle –
reinforced materials, fiber reinforced materials, metal ceramic mixtures, metal – matrix composites and C
– C composites.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Introduction to Physical Metallurgy - Sidney H. Avener - McGrawHill
2. Essential of Materials science and engineering - Donald R.Askeland -Thomson.

REFERENCES :
1. Material Science and Metallurgy – Dr. V.D.kodgire.
2. Materials Science and engineering - Callister & Baalasubrahmanyam
3. Material Science for Engineering students – Fischer – Elsevier Publishers
4. Material science and Engineering - V. Rahghavan
5. Introduction to Material Science and Engineering – Yip-Wah Chung CRC Press
6. Material Science and Metallurgy – A V K Suryanarayana – B S Publications
7. Material Science and Metallurgy – U. C. Jindal – Pearson Publications

52
 L T P C
II Year - I Semester
4 0 0 3

MECHANICS OF SOLIDS
(Common to Mechanical, Aeronautical & Automobile Engineering)

Objective: The students completing this course are expected to understand the basic terms like stress,
strain, poissons ratio…etc and different stresses induced in beams, thin cylinders, thick cylinders,
columns. Further, the student shall be able to understand the shear stresses in circular shafts.

UNIT – I
Objective: After studying this unit student will know the basic terms like stress, strain poissons
ratio…etc and stresses in bars of varying cross sections, composite bars, thermal stress in members,
stresses on inclined planes with analytical approach and graphical approach, strain energy under
different loadings and also problem solving techniques.

SIMPLE STRESSES & STRAINS : Elasticity and plasticity – Types of stresses & strains–Hooke’s law
– stress – strain diagram for mild steel – Working stress – Factor of safety – Lateral strain, Poisson’s ratio
& volumetric strain – Bars of varying section – composite bars – Temperature stresses- Complex Stresses
- Stresses on an inclined plane under different uniaxial and biaxial stress conditions - Principal planes and
principal stresses - Mohr’s circle - Relation between elastic constants, Strain energy – Resilience –
Gradual, sudden, impact and shock loadings.

UNIT – II
Objective: After studying this unit student will know the construction of shear force diagrams and
bending moment diagrams to the different loads for the different support arrangements and also
problem solving techniques.

SHEAR FORCE AND BENDING MOMENT : Definition of beam – Types of beams – Concept of
shear force and bending moment – S.F and B.M diagrams for cantilever, simply supported and
overhanging beams subjected to point loads, u.d.l, uniformly varying loads and combination of these
loads – Point of contra flexure – Relation between S.F., B.M and rate of loading at a section of a beam.

UNIT – III
Objective: After studying this unit student will know the bending and shear stress induced in the
beams which are made with different cross sections like rectangular, circular, triangular, I, T angle
sections and also problem solving techniques.

FLEXURAL STRESSES : Theory of simple bending – Assumptions – Derivation of bending equation:

M/ I = f/y = E/R Neutral axis – Determination bending stresses – section modulus of rectangular and
circular sections (Solid and Hollow), I,T, Angle and Channel sections – Design of simple beam sections.
SHEAR STRESSES: Derivation of formula – Shear stress distribution across various beams sections
like rectangular, circular, triangular, I, T angle sections.

UNIT – IV
Objective: After studying this unit student will know how to finding slope and deflection for different
support arrangements by Double integration method, Macaulay’s method and Moment-Area and also
problem solving techniques.

53
DEFLECTION OF BEAMS : Bending into a circular arc – slope, deflection and radius of curvature –
Differential equation for the elastic line of a beam – Double integration and Macaulay’s methods –
Determination of slope and deflection for cantilever and simply supported beams subjected to point
loads, - U.D.L uniformly varying load. Mohr’s theorems – Moment area method – application to simple
cases including overhanging beams. Statically Indeterminate Beams and solution methods.

UNIT – V
Objective: After studying this unit student will know how a cylinder fails, what kind of stresses induced
in cylinders subjected to internal, external pressures and also problem solving techniques.
THIN CYLINDERS: Thin seamless cylindrical shells – Derivation of formula for longitudinal and
circumferential stresses – hoop, longitudinal and Volumetric strains – changes in dia, and volume of thin
cylinders – Riveted boiler shells – Thin spherical shells.
THICK CYLINDERS: –lame’s equation – cylinders subjected to inside & outside pressures –
compound cylinders.

UNIT –VI
Objective: After studying this unit student will know shear stresses induced in circular shafts,
discussing columns in stability point of view and columns with different end conditions.
TORSION: Introduction-Derivation- Torsion of Circular shafts- Pure Shear-Transmission of power by
circular shafts, Shafts in series, Shafts in parallel.
COLUMNS:
Buckling and Stability, Columns with Pinned ends, Columns with other support Conditions, Limitations
of Euler’s Formula, Rankine’s Formula,

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Strength of materials /GH Ryder/ Mc Millan publishers India Ltd
2. Solid Mechanics, by Popov
3. Mechanics of Materials/Gere and Timoshenko, CBS Publishers
REFERENCES :
1. Strength of Materials -By Jindal, Umesh Publications.
2. Analysis of structures by Vazirani and Ratwani.
3. Mechanics of Structures Vol-III, by S.B.Junnarkar.
4. Strength of Materials by S.Timshenko
5. Strength of Materials by Andrew Pytel and Ferdinond L. Singer Longman.

54
 L T P C
II Year - I Semester
4 0 0 3

THERMODYNAMICS

Course Objectives:

To impart the knowledge of the thermodynamic laws and principles so as to enable the student to
prepare an energy audit of any mechanical system that exchange heat and work with the
surroundings.

UNIT – I
Objectives: The student should be able to understand the basic concepts like thermodynamic
system, its boundary and related fundamental definitions. Distingvision between point function and
path function shall be made with respect to energy, work and Heat.

Introduction: Basic Concepts : System, boundary, Surrounding, control volume, Universe, Types of
Systems, Macroscopic and Microscopic viewpoints, Concept of Continuum, Thermodynamic
Equilibrium, State, Property, Process, Cycle – Reversibility – Quasi – static Process, Irreversible Process,
Causes of Irreversibility – Energy in State and in Transition, Types, Work and Heat, Point and Path
function. Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics – Concept of Temperature – Principles of Thermometry –
Reference Points – Const. Volume gas Thermometer – Scales of Temperature, Ideal Gas Scale – PMM I

UNIT II
Objectives: To learn the first law of thermodynamics, which is also the energy conservation
principle, and should be able to apply to different thermodynamic systems. To understand the
concept of equality of temperature and the principle of operation of various temperature
measuring devices. To learn the applications of steady flow energy equation to the various
mechanical components.

Joule’s Experiments – First law of Thermodynamics – Corollaries – First law applied to a Process –
applied to a flow system – Steady Flow Energy Equation. PMM-I, throttling and free expansion
processes – deviations from perfect gas model – vander Waals equation of state – compressibility charts
– variable specific heats – gas tables.

UNIT – III
Objectives: To understand the second law statements and the associated terms and should be able
to apply the principles to heat engines. Should be able to analyse the concepts of Carnot cycle,
entropy, availability and irreversibility. Should be able to understand the use of Maxwells relations
and thermodynamic functions.

Limitations of the First Law – Thermal Reservoir, Heat Engine, Heat pump, Parameters of performance,
Second Law of Thermodynamics, Kelvin-Planck and Clausius Statements and their Equivalence /
Corollaries, PMM of Second kind, Carnot’s principle, Carnot cycle and its specialties, Thermodynamic
scale of Temperature, Clausius Inequality, Entropy, Principle of Entropy Increase – Energy Equation,
Availability and Irreversibility – Thermodynamic Potentials, Gibbs and Helmholtz Functions, Maxwell
Relations – Elementary Treatment of the Third Law of Thermodynamics.

55
UNIT IV
Objectives: should understand the process of steam formation and its representation on property
diagrams with various phase changes and should be able to calculate the quality of steam after its
expansion in a steam turbine, with the help of standard steam tables and charts.

Pure Substances, p-V-T- surfaces, T-S and h-s diagrams, Mollier Charts, Phase Transformations – Triple
point at critical state properties during change of phase, Dryness Fraction – Clausius – Clapeyron
Equation Property tables. Mollier charts – Various Thermodynamic processes and energy Transfer –
Steam Calorimetry.

UNIT – V
Objectives: Should be able to use Psychrometric chart and calculate various psychrometric
properties of air.

Mixtures of perfect Gases – Mole Fraction, Mass friction Gravimetric and volumetric Analysis –
Dalton’s Law of partial pressure, Avogadro’s Laws of additive volumes – Mole fraction , Volume
fraction and partial pressure, Equivalent Gas const. And Molecular Internal Energy, Enthalpy, sp. Heats
and Entropy of Mixture of perfect Gases and Vapour, Atmospheric air - Psychrometric Properties – Dry
bulb Temperature, Wet Bulb Temperature, Dew point Temperature, Thermodynamic Wet Bulb
Temperature, Specific Humidity, Relative Humidity, saturated Air, Vapour pressure, Degree of saturation
– Adiabatic Saturation , Carrier’s Equation – Psychrometric chart.

UNIT - VI
Objectives: To understand the concept of air standard cycles and should be able to calculate the
efficiency and performance parameters of the systems that use these cycles.

Power Cycles : Otto, Diesel, Dual Combustion cycles, Sterling Cycle, Atkinson Cycle, Ericcson Cycle,
Lenoir Cycle – Description and representation on P–V and T-S diagram, Thermal Efficiency, Mean
Effective Pressures on Air standard basis – comparison of Cycles.
Refrigeration Cycles : Brayton and Rankine cycles – Performance Evaluation – combined cycles, Bell-
Coleman cycle, Vapour compression cycle-performance Evaluation.

TEXT BOOKS :
1. Engineering Thermodynamics , PK Nag 4th Edn , TMH.
2. Thermodynamics – An Engineering Approach with student resources DVD – Y.A.Cengel &
M.A.Boles , 7th Edn - McGrawHill

REFERENCES :
1. Engineering Thermodynamics – Jones & Dugan PHI
2. Thermodynamics – J.P.Holman , McGrawHill
3. Basic Engineering Thermodynamics – A.Venkatesh – Universities press.
4. An Introduction to Thermodynamics - Y.V.C.Rao – Universities press.
5. Thermodynamics – W.Z.Black & J.G.Hartley, 3rd Edn Pearson Publ.
6. Engineering Thermodynamics – D.P.Misra, Cengage Publ.
7. Engineering Thermodynamics – P.Chattopadhyay – Oxford Higher Edn Publ.

56
 L T P C
II Year - I Semester
4 0 0 3

AUTOMOTIVE ENGINES

Course Objectives: To make the student learn and understand the basic principles involved in the
working of internal combustion engines, and their parts ,combustion phenomenon and principles,
speed controllers and lubrication systems.

UNIT-I
Objectives: To make the students understand the development in internal combustion engines,
classification and constructional details in detail.

Introduction: Historical development of Automobiles, Different Types of Automotive Power plants,

principles of I.C engine operation and classification of engines, supercharging and turbo charging.
Two stroke and four stroke engines: different types of scavenging systems, scavenging efficiency.
Valve and Port timing diagrams, special types of I.C engines like Sterling, Wankle rotary, variable
compression ratio engines and Variable valve timing engines.
Automobile Engine Components: Engine Classification. Function, Materials, Constructional details and
Manufacturing process of various engine components.

UNIT-II
Objectives: To make the students understand the fuel admission in SI Engines and related systems.

Carburetion: Air fuel mixture requirements in SI Engines, fundamental of carburetion flow

characteristics of carburetion, methods of mixture correction, calculation of throat and jet sizes of a
carburetor, Types of carburetors and working. Gasoline direct injection, timed and continuous injection
systems, multipoint fuel injection systems. Advantages of petrol injection, Electronic fuel injection
system, MPFI, SFI, Single point injection system, Multi point fuel injection system.

UNIT III
Objectives: To make the students understand the fuel admission in CI Engines and understand the
functioning of various components involved in fuel injection in CI engines.

Fuel injection in CI Engines: Fuel filters, transfer pumps, injection pumps. Injection nozzles, their
functions. Diesel fuel pumps: Jerk type principle Delivery characteristics of fuel pumps, Functions and
types of Governors-Mechanical, Pneumatic. Characteristic injection lag effect of injection, pressure
waves in fuel lines, Inline pumps(Plunger & Barrel), Rotary distributor pumps-Mechanical & Electronic
governors. Electronic diesel control-Common Rail diesel injection, Unit Injection
Fuel spray characteristics: Types of injection nozzles and their characteristics, Multihole, pintle and
Pintaux nozzles. Unit injectors.

57
UNIT – IV
Objectives: To make the students understand the combustion phenomenon in SI Engines and learn
about the fuel characteristics.
Combustion in S.I. Engines : Normal Combustion and abnormal combustion – Importance of flame
speed and effect of engine variables – Type of Abnormal combustion, pre-ignition and Detonation
(explanation of ) – Fuel requirements and fuel rating, anti knock additives – combustion chamber –
requirements, types, Types of spark plug.

UNIT – V
Objectives: To make the students understand the combustion phenomenon in CI Engines and learn
about the fuel characteristics and Intake & Exhaust system.

Combustion in C.I. Engines : Four stages of combustion – Delay period and its importance – Effect of
engine variables – Diesel Knock– Need for air movement, suction, compression and combustion induced
turbulence –Swirl and squish, open and divided combustion chambers and nozzles used – fuel
requirements and fuel rating.

Intake & Exhaust System: Intake & exhaust system circuits, Types of filters, Mufflers. Function of
Turbochargers and intercooler, Types. Use of Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) and Exhaust gas
recirculation(EGR) in exhaust system.

UNIT – VI
Objectives: To make the students understand the importance of lubrication and cooling system for
effective functioning of internal combustion engines.

Lubrication Systems: Functions of the lubrication system, Characteristics of lubricant. classification of

lubricating oils, lubrication standards, Lubrication circuit, Petrol lubrication, Splash lubrication, wet
sump lubrication, dry sump lubrication. Oil filters, oil pumps, crankcase ventilation, oil additives.

Cooling Systems: Functions of the coolant system, Air and water cooling systems, Cooling Circuit,
Characteristics of coolant. Thermo syphon and forced cooling systems. Electromagnetic fan clutch,
Viscous fan clutch. Function of Thermostat.

Text Books:
1. ML Mathur & RPSharma -A course in Internal combustion Engines - Dhanpat Rai
2. I.C. Engines / V. GANESAN/ TMH
3. K Newton and Steeds -The Motor Vehicle, SAE Publications

References Books:
1. B.P. Obert I C Engines & Air Pollution – Harper & Row Publications
2. Bosch Gasoline Engines management – Bosch Publications
3. Bosch Diesel Engine management – Bosch Publication
4. Bosch Automotive Hand book – Bosch Publication

58
 L T P C
II Year - I Semester
4 0 0 3

COMPUTER AIDED ENGINEERING DRAWING PRACTICE

Course Objective: To enhance the student’s knowledge and skills in engineering drawing and to
introduce drafting packages and commands for computer aided drawing and modeling.

UNIT-I:
Objective: The knowledge of projections of solids is essential in 3D modeling and animation. The
student will be able to draw projections of solids. The objective is to enhance the skills they already
acquired in their earlier course in drawing of projection.
PROJECTIONS OF SOLIDS: Projections of Regular Solids inclined to both planes – Auxiliary Views.

UNIT-II:
The knowledge of sections of solids and development of surfaces is required in designing and
manufacturing of the objects. Whenever two or more solids combine, a definite curve is seen at their
intersection.
SECTIONS OF SOLIDS: Sections and Sectional views of Right Regular Solids – Prism, Cylinder,
Pyramid, Cone – Auxiliary views.

DEVELOPMENT AND INTERPENETRATION OF SOLIDS: Development of Surfaces of Right

Regular Solids – Prisms, Cylinder, Pyramid Cone and their parts.

UNIT-III:
The intersection of solids also plays an important role in designing and manufacturing. The objective is to
impart this knowledge through this topic. A perspective view provides a realistic 3D View of an object.
The objective is to make the students learn the methods of Iso and Perspective views.
INTERPENETRATION OF RIGHT REGULAR SOLIDS: Intersection of Cylinder Vs Cylinder,
Cylinder Vs Prism, Cylinder Vs Cone, Prism Vs Cone.
PERSPECTIVE PROJECTIONS: Perspective View: Points, Lines, Plane Figures and Simple Solids,
Vanishing Point Methods (General Method only).

In part B computer aided drafting is introduced.

UNIT IV:
The objective is to introduce various commands in AutoCAD to draw the geometric entities and to create
2D and 3D wire frame models.
INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER AIDED DRAFTING: Generation of points, lines, curves,
polygons, dimensioning. Types of modeling : object selection commands – edit, zoom, cross hatching,
pattern filling, utility commands, 2D wire frame modeling, 3D wire frame modeling,.

UNIT V:
By going through this topic the student will be able to understand the paper-space environment
thoroughly.
VIEW POINTS AND VIEW PORTS: view point coordinates and view(s) displayed, examples to
exercise different options like save, restore, delete , joint , single option.

59
UNIT VI:
The objective is to make the students create geometrical model of simple solids and machine parts and
display the same as an Isometric, Orthographic or Perspective projection.
COMPUTER AIDED SOLID MODELING: Isometric projections, orthographic projections of isometric
projections, Modeling of simple solids, Modeling of Machines & Machine Parts.

TEXT BOOKS :

1. Engineering drawing by N.D Bhatt , Charotar publications.

2. Engineering Graphics, K.C. john, PHI Publications

REFERENCES:

1. Mastering Auto CAD 2013 and Auto CAD LT 2013 – George Omura, Sybex
2. Auto CAD 2013 fundamentals- Elisemoss, SDC Publ.
3. Engineering Drawing and Graphics using Auto Cad – T Jeyapoovan, vikas
4. Engineering Drawing + AutoCAD – K Venugopal, V. Prabhu Raja, New Age
5. Engineering Drawing – RK Dhawan, S Chand
6. Engineering Drawing – MB Shaw, BC Rana, Pearson
7. Engineering Drawing – KL Narayana, P Kannaiah, Scitech
8. Engineering Drawing – Agarwal and Agarwal, Mc Graw Hill
9. Engineering Graphics – PI Varghese, Mc Graw Hill
10. Text book of Engineering Drawing with auto-CAD , K.venkata reddy/B.S . publications.
11. Engineering Drawing with Auto CAD/ James D Bethune/Pearson Publications
12. Engineering Graphics with Auto CAD/Kulkarni D.M, Rastogi A.P, Sarkar A.K/PHI Publications

End Semester examination shall be conducted for Four hours with the following pattern:

a) Two hours-Conventional drawing

b) Two hours – Computer Aided Drawing

60
 L T P C
II Year - I Semester
4 0 0 3

MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS & FINANCIAL ANALYSIS

Course Objectives:
 The Learning objectives of this paper is to understand the concept and nature of Managerial
Economics and its relationship with other disciplines and also to understand the Concept of Demand
and Demand forecasting, Production function, Input Output relationship, Cost-Output relationship
and Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis.
 To understand the nature of markets, Methods of Pricing in the different market structures and to
know the different forms of Business organization and the concept of Business Cycles.
 To learn different Accounting Systems, preparation of Financial Statement and uses of different tools
for performance evaluation. Finally, it is also to understand the concept of Capital, Capital Budgeting
and the techniques used to evaluate Capital Budgeting proposals.

UNIT-I
Introduction to Managerial Economics and demand Analysis:
Definition of Managerial Economics –Scope of Managerial Economics and its relationship with other
subjects –Concept of Demand, Types of Demand, Determinants of Demand- Demand schedule, Demand
curve, Law of Demand and its limitations- Elasticity of Demand, Types of Elasticity of Demand and
Measurement- Demand forecasting and Methods of forecasting, Concept of Supply and Law of Supply.

UNIT – II
Production and Cost Analyses:
Concept of Production function- Cobb-Douglas Production function- Leontief production function - Law
of Variable proportions-Isoquants and Isocosts and choice of least cost factor combination-Concepts of
Returns to scale and Economies of scale-Different cost concepts: opportunity costs, explicit and implicit
costs- Fixed costs, Variable Costs and Total costs –Cost –Volume-Profit analysis-Determination of
Breakeven point(simple problems)-Managerial significance and limitations of Breakeven point.

UNIT – III
Introduction to Markets, Theories of the Firm & Pricing Policies:
Market Structures: Perfect Competition, Monopoly, Monopolistic competition and Oligopoly – Features
– Price and Output Determination – Managerial Theories of firm: Marris and Williamson’s models –
other Methods of Pricing: Average cost pricing, Limit Pricing, Market Skimming Pricing, Internet
Pricing: (Flat Rate Pricing, Usage sensitive pricing) and Priority Pricing.

Unit – IV
Types of Business Organization and Business Cycles:
Features and Evaluation of Sole Trader, Partnership, Joint Stock Company – State/Public Enterprises and
their forms – Business Cycles : Meaning and Features – Phases of a Business Cycle.

UNIT – V
Introduction to Accounting & Financing Analysis:
Introduction to Double Entry Systems – Preparation of Financial Statements-Analysis and Interpretation
of Financial Statements-Ratio Analysis – Preparation of Funds flow and cash flow statements (Simple
Problems)

61
UNIT – VI
Capital and Capital Budgeting: Capital Budgeting: Meaning of Capital-Capitalization-Meaning of
Capital Budgeting-Time value of money- Methods of appraising Project profitability: Traditional
Methods(payback period, accounting rate of return) and modern methods(Discounted cash flow method,
Net Present Value method, Internal Rate of Return Method and Profitability Index)

Course Outcome:
*The Learner is equipped with the knowledge of estimating the Demand and demand elasticities for a
product and the knowledge of understanding of the Input-Output-Cost relationships and estimation of
the least cost combination of inputs.
* One is also ready to understand the nature of different markets and Price Output determination under
various market conditions and also to have the knowledge of different Business Units.
*The Learner is able to prepare Financial Statements and the usage of various Accounting tools for
Analysis and to evaluate various investment project proposals with the help of capital budgeting
techniques for decision making.

TEXT BOOKS
1. Dr. N. AppaRao, Dr. P. Vijay Kumar: ‘Managerial Economics and Financial Analysis’,
Cengage Publications, New Delhi – 2011
2. Dr. A. R. Aryasri – Managerial Economics and Financial Analysis, TMH 2011
3. Prof. J.V.Prabhakararao, Prof. P. Venkatarao. ‘Managerial Economics and Financial
Analysis’, Ravindra Publication.

REFERENCES:

2. Dr. B. Kuberudu and Dr. T. V. Ramana: Managerial Economics & Financial Analysis,
Himalaya Publishing House, 2014.
2. V. Maheswari: Managerial Economics, Sultan Chand.2014
3. Suma Damodaran: Managerial Economics, Oxford 2011.
4. VanithaAgarwal: Managerial Economics, Pearson Publications 2011.
5. Sanjay Dhameja: Financial Accounting for Managers, Pearson.
6. Maheswari: Financial Accounting, Vikas Publications.
7. S. A. Siddiqui& A. S. Siddiqui: Managerial Economics and Financial Analysis, New Age
International Publishers, 2012
8. Ramesh Singh, Indian Economy, 7th Edn., TMH2015
9. Pankaj Tandon A Text Book of Microeconomic Theory, Sage Publishers, 2015
10. Shailaja Gajjala and Usha Munipalle, Univerties press, 2015

62
 L T P C
II Year - I Semester
0 0 3 2

ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGG.LAB

Section A: Electrical Engineering:

Learning Objectives:
 To predetermine the efficiency of dc shunt machine using Swinburne’s test.
 To predetermine the efficiency and regulation of 1-phase transformer with
O.C and S.C tests.
 To obtain performance characteristics of DC shunt motor &3-phase induction motor.
 To find out regulation of an alternator with synchronous impedance method.
 To control speed of dc shunt motor using speed control methods.
 To find out the characteristics of PN junction diode & transistor
 To determine the ripple factor of half wave & full wave rectifiers.

The following experiments are required to be conducted as compulsory experiments:

1. Swinburne’s test on D.C. Shunt machine (Predetermination of efficiency of a given D.C.Shunt
machine working as motor and generator).
2. OC and SC tests on single phase transformer (Predetermination of efficiency and regulation at given
power factors).
3. Brake test on 3-phase Induction motor (Determination of performance characteristics)
4. Regulation of alternator by Synchronous impedance method.
5. Speed control of D.C. Shunt motor by
a) Armature Voltage control b) Field flux control method
6. Brake test on D.C. Shunt Motor.

Section B: Electronics Engineering.

The following experiments are required to be conducted as compulsory experiments:
1.PNjunction diode characteristics a) Forward bias b) Reverse bias (Cut in voltage and resistance
calculations)
2. Transistor CE characteristics (Input and output)
3. Half wave rectifier with and with out filters.
4. Full wave rectifier with and with out filters.
5. CE amplifiers.
6. OP- Amp applications (inverting, non inverting, integrator and differentiator)

63
Learning Outcomes:
 Able to find out the efficiency of dc shunt machine without actual loading of the machine.
 Able to estimate the efficiency and regulation for different load conditions and power factors of
single phase transformer with OC and SC test.
 Able to analyse the performance characteristics and to determine efficiencyof DC shunt motor
&3-phase induction motor.
 Able to pre-determine the regulation of an alternator by synchronous impedance method.
 Able to control the speed of dc shunt motor using speed control methods.
 Able to find out the characteristics of PN junction diode & transistor
 Able to determine the ripple factor of half wave & full wave rectifiers.

64
 L T P C
II Year - I Semester
0 0 3 2
MECHANICS OF SOLIDS & METALLURGY LAB

Course Objective: To impart practical exposure on the microstructures of various materials and
their hardness evaluation. Also to impart practical knowledge on the evaluation of material
properties through various destructive testing procedures.

NOTE: Any 6 experiments from each section A and B.

(A) MECHNICS OF SOLIDS LAB :

1. Direct tension test

2. Bending test on
a) Simple supported
b) Cantilever beam
3. Torsion test
4. Hardness test
a) Brinells hardness test
b) Rockwell hardness test
5. Test on springs
6. Compression test on cube
7. Impact test
8. Punch shear test

(B) METALLURGY LAB:

1. Preparation and study of the Micro Structure of pure metals like Iron, Cu and Al.
2. Preparation and study of the Microstructure of Mild steels, low carbon steels, high – C steels.
3. Study of the Micro Structures of Cast Irons.
4. Study of the Micro Structures of Non-Ferrous alloys.
5. Study of the Micro structures of Heat treated steels.
6. Hardeneability of steels by Jominy End Quench Test.
7. To find out the hardness of various treated and untreated steels.

65
 L T P C
II Year - II Semester
4 0 0 3

KINEMATICS OF MACHINERY

Objective: The students completing this course are expected to understand the nature and role of the
kinematics of machinery, the mechanisms and machines. The course includes velocity and acceleration
diagrams, analysis of mechanisms joints, Cams and their applications. It exposes the students to various
kinds of power transmission devices like belt, rope, chain and gear drives and their working principles
and their merits and demerits.

UNIT – I
Objective: The objective of this unit is to make student understand the purpose of kinematics,
Kinematic joint and mechanism and to study the relative motion of parts in a machine without
taking into consideration the forces involved.

MECHANISMS : Elements or Links – Classification – Rigid Link, flexible and fluid link – Types of
kinematic pairs – sliding, turning, rolling, screw and spherical pairs – lower and higher pairs – closed and
open pairs – constrained motion – completely, partially or successfully constrained and incompletely
constrained .
Grublars criterion, Grashoff’s law, Degrees of freedom, Kutzbach criterion for planar mechanisms,
Mechanism and machines – classification of machines – kinematic chain – inversion of mechanism –
inversion of mechanism – inversions of quadric cycle, chain – single and double slider crank chains.

UNIT – II
Objective: The objective of this unit is to make student understand various mechanisms for
straight line motion and their applications including steering mechanism.

LOWER PAIR MECHANISM: Exact and approximate copiers and generated types – Peaucellier, Hart
and Scott Russul – Grasshopper – Watt T. Chebicheff and Robert Mechanisms and straight line motion,
Pantograph.

Conditions for correct steering – Davis Steering gear, Ackerman’s steering gear – velocity ratio; Hooke’s
Joint: Single and double – Universal coupling–application–problems.

UNIT – III
Objective : The objective of this unit is to make student understand the velocity and acceleration
concepts and the methodology using graphical methods and principles and application of four bar
chain. To understand the application of slider crank mechanism etc. and study of plane motion of
the body

KINEMATICS: Velocity and acceleration – Motion of a link in machine – Determination of Velocity

and acceleration diagrams – Graphical method – Application of relative velocity method four bar chain.
Velocity and acceleration analysis of for a given mechanism, Kleins construction, Coriolis acceleration,
determination of Coriolis component of acceleration.
Plane motion of body: Instantaneous center of rotation, centroids and axodes – relative motion between
two bodies – Three centres in line theorem – Graphical determination of instantaneous centre, diagrams
for simple mechanisms and determination of angular velocity of points and links.

66
UNIT – IV
Objective The objective of this unit is to make student understand the theories involved in cams.
Further the students are exposed to the applications of cams and their working principles.

CAMS
Definitions of cam and followers – their uses – Types of followers and cams – Terminology –Types of
follower motion: Uniform velocity, Simple harmonic motion and uniform acceleration and retardation.
Maximum velocity and maximum acceleration during outward and return strokes in the above 3 cases.
Analysis of motion of followers: Roller follower – circular cam with straight, concave and convex
flanks.

UNIT – V
Objective: The objective of this unit is to make student understand gears, power transmission
through different types of gears including gear profiles and its efficiency.

Gears:
Higher pairs, friction wheels and toothed gears–types – law of gearing, condition for constant velocity
ratio for transmission of motion, Form of teeth: cycloidal and involute profiles. Velocity of sliding –
phenomena of interferences – Methods of interference. Condition for minimum number of teeth to avoid
interference, expressions for arc of contact and path of contact – Introduction to Helical, Bevel and worm
gearing.

UNIT – VI
Objective: The objective of this unit is to make student understand various power transmission
mechanisms and methodologies and working principles. Students are exposed to merits and
demerits of each drive.
Power Transmissions : Introduction, Belt and rope drives, selection of belt drive- types of belt
drives,V-belts, materials used for belt and rope drives, velocity ratio of belt drives, slip of belt, creep of
belt, tensions for flat belt drive, angle of contact, centrifugal tension, maximum tension of belt, Chains-
length, angular speed ratio, classification of chains.
Introduction to gear Trains, Train value, Types – Simple and reverted wheel train – Epicyclic gear Train.
Methods of finding train value or velocity ratio – Epicyclic gear trains. Selection of gear box-Differential
gear for an automobile.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Mechanism and Machine Theory by Ashok G. Ambekar, PHI Publishers
2. Theory of Machines – S. S Rattan- TMH
3. Theory of machines and Mechanisms – J.J Uicker, G.R.Pennock & J.E.Shigley - Oxford
publishers.
REFERENCES:
1. Theory of Machines Sadhu Singh Pearsons Edn
2. Theory of machines and Machinery /Vickers /Oxford .
3. Theory of Machines by Thomas Bevan/ CBS
4. Kinematics of Machinery through Hyper Works – J.S. Rao – Springer Publ
5. Theory of Mechanisms and machines – A.Ghosh & A.K.Malik – East West Press Pvt. Ltd.

67
 L T P C
II Year - II Semester
4 0 0 3

THERMAL ENGINEERING – I

UNIT – I
Objectives: To make the student learn and understand the reasons and affects of various losses that
occur in the actual engine operation.

Actual Cycles and their Analysis: Introduction, Comparison of Air Standard and Actual Cycles, Time
Loss Factor, Heat Loss Factor, Exhaust Blowdown-Loss due to Gas exchange process, Volumetric
Efficiency. Loss due to Rubbing Friction, Actual and Fuel-Air Cycles of CI Engines.

UNIT – II
Objectives: To familiarize the student with the various engine systems along with their function
and necessity.

I. C. ENGINES : Classification - Working principles, Valve and Port Timing Diagrams, - Engine
systems – Fuel, Carburetor, Fuel Injection System, Ignition, Cooling and Lubrication, principle of wankle
engine, principles of supercharging and turbocharging.

UNIT – III
Objectives: To learn about normal combustion phenomenon and knocking in S.I. and C.I. Engines
and to find the several engine operating parameters that affect the smooth engine operation.

Combustion in S.I. Engines : Normal Combustion and abnormal combustion – Importance of flame
speed and effect of engine variables – Types of Abnormal combustion, pre-ignition and knocking
(explanation of ) – Fuel requirements and fuel rating, anti knock additives – combustion chamber –
requirements, types.

Combustion in C.I. Engines : Four stages of combustion – Delay period and its importance – Effect of
engine variables – Diesel Knock– Need for air movement, suction, compression and combustion induced
turbulence – open and divided combustion chambers and nozzles used – fuel requirements and fuel
rating.

UNIT – IV
Objectives: To make the student learn to perform testing on S.I and C.I Engines for the
calculations of performance and emission parameters.

Measurement, Testing and Performance: Parameters of performance - measurement of cylinder

pressure, fuel consumption, air intake, exhaust gas composition, Brake power – Determination of
frictional losses and indicated power – Performance test – Heat balance sheet and chart.

68
UNIT – V
Objectives: To make students learn about different types of compressors and to calculate power
and efficiency of reciprocating compressors.

COMPRESSORS: Classification positive displacement and rotodynamic machinery – Power producing

and power absorbing machines, fan, blower and compressor – positive displacement and dynamic types –
reciprocating and rotary types.
Reciprocating: Principle of operation, work required, Isothermal efficiency, volumetric efficiency and
effect of clearance, multi stage compression, undercooling, saving of work, minimum work condition for
two stage compression.

UNIT VI
Objectives : To make students learn mechanical details, and to calculate power and efficiency of
rotary compressors

Rotary (Positive displacement type) : Roots Blower, vane sealed compressor, Lysholm compressor –
mechanical details and principle of working – efficiency considerations.
Dynamic Compressors: Centrifugal compressors: Mechanical details and principle of operation velocity
and pressure variation. Energy transfer-impeller blade shape-losses, slip factor, power input factor,
pressure coefficient and adiabatic coefficient – velocity diagrams – power.
Axial Flow Compressors: Mechanical details and principle of operation – velocity triangles and energy
transfer per stage degree of reaction, work done factor - isentropic efficiency- pressure rise calculations
Polytropic efficiency.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. I.C. Engines / V. GANESAN- TMH
2. Heat engines, vasandani & Kumar publications Thermal

REFERENCES:
1. Thermal Engineering / RK Rajput/ Lakshmi Publications
2. IC Engines – M.L.Mathur &R.P.Sharma – Dhanpath Rai & Sons.
3. I.C.Engines–AppliedThermosciences–C.R.Ferguson&A.T.Kirkpatrick-2ndEdition-Wiley Publ
4. I.C. Engines - J.B.Heywood /McGrawHIll.
5. Thermal Engineering – R.S.Khurmi & J.S.Gupta- S.chand Publ
6. Thermal Engineering / PL Ballaney Khanna Publishers

69
 L T P C
II Year - II Semester
4 0 0 3

FLUID MECHANICS & HYDRAULIC MACHINES

Objective: The students completing this course are expected to understand the properties of fluids, its
kinematic and dynamic behavior through various laws of fluids like continuity, Euler’s, Bernoulli’s
equations, energy and momentum equations. Further, the student shall be able to understand the
theory of boundary layer, working and performance characteristics of various hydraulic machines like
pumps and turbines.

UNIT I
Objective: After studying this unit student will know the concept of fluid and its properties,
manometry, hydrostatic forces acting on different surfaces and also problem solving techniques.
Fluid statics: Dimensions and units: physical properties of fluids- specific gravity, viscosity and its
significance, surface tension, capillarity, vapor pressure. Atmospheric gauge and vacuum pressure –
measurement of pressure. Manometers- Piezometer, U-tube, inverted and differential manometers.
Pascal’s law, hydrostatic law.
Buoyancy and floatation: Meta center, stability of floating body. Submerged bodies. Calculation of
metacenter height. Stability analysis and applications.

UNIT II
Objective: In this unit student will be exposed to the basic laws of fluids, flow patterns, viscous flow
through ducts and their corresponding problems.
Fluid kinematics: Introduction, flow types. Equation of continuity for one dimensional flow.circulation
and vorticity. Stream line, path line and streak lines and stream tube. Stream function and velocity
potential function, differences and relation between them. Condition for irrotational flow, flow net,
source and sink, doublet and vortex flow.

Fluid dynamics: surface and body forces –Euler’s and Bernoulli’s equations for flow along a stream
line, momentum equation and its applications, force on pipe bend.
Closed conduit flow: Reynold’s experiment- Darcy Weisbach equation- Minor losses in pipes- pipes in
series and pipes in parallel- total energy line-hydraulic gradient line.

UNIT III
Objective: At the end of this unit student will be aware of the concepts related to boundary layer
theory, flow separation, basic concepts of velocity profiles, dimensionless numbers and dimensional
analysis.
Boundary Layer Theory: Introduction, momentum integral equation, displacement, momentum and
energy thickness, separation of boundary layer, control of flow separation, Stream lined body, Bluff body
and its applications, basic concepts of velocity profiles.

Dimensional Analysis: Similitude and modeling – Dimensionless numbers

70
UNIT IV
Objective: In this unit student will know the hydrodynamic forces acting on vanes and their
performance evaluation.
Basics of turbo machinery: hydrodynamic force of jets on stationary and moving flat, inclined,
and curved vanes, jet striking centrally and at tip, velocity diagrams, work done and efficiency, flow
over radial vanes.

UNIT V
Objective: At the end of this unit student will be aware of the importance, function and performance of
hydro machinery.
Centrifugal pumps: classification, working, work done – manometric head- losses and efficiencies-
specific speed- pumps in series and parallel-performance characteristic curves, cavitation & NPSH.
Reciprocating pumps: Working, Discharge, slip, indicator diagrams.

UNIT VI
Objective: After studying this unit student will be in a position to evaluate the performance
characteristics of hydraulic turbines. Also a little knowledge on hydraulic systems and fluidics is
imparted to the student.
Hydraulic Turbines: classification of turbines, impulse and reaction turbines, Pelton wheel,
Francis turbine and Kaplan turbine-working proportions, work done, efficiencies, hydraulic design –
draft tube- theory- functions and efficiency.
Performance of hydraulic turbines: Geometric similarity, Unit and specific quantities, characteristic
curves, governing of turbines, selection of type of turbine, cavitation, surge tank, water hammer.
Hydraulic systems- hydraulic ram, hydraulic lift, hydraulic coupling. Fluidics – amplifiers, sensors and
oscillators. Advantages, limitations and applications.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Hydraulics, fluid mechanics and Hydraulic machinery MODI and SETH.
2. Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Machines by Rajput.
3. Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Machines/ RK Bansal/Laxmi Publications (P) Ltd.

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Power Engineering by D.S. Kumar, Kotaria & Sons.
2. Fluid Mechanics and Machinery by D. Rama Durgaiah, New Age International.
3. Hydraulic Machines by Banga & Sharma, Khanna Publishers.
4. Instrumentation for Engineering Measurements by James W. Dally, William E. Riley ,John Wiley
& Sons Inc. 2004 (Chapter 12 – Fluid Flow Measurements)
5. Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Machines by Domkundwar & Domkundwar, Dhanpatrai & Co.

71
 L T P C
II Year - II Semester
4 0 0 3

PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY

Course Objective:

To impart basic knowledge and understanding about the primary manufacturing processes such as
casting, joining, bulk forming, sheet metal forming and powder metallurgy and their relevance in current
manufacturing industry; To introduce processing methods of plastics.

UNIT – I
CASTING : Steps involved in making a casting – Advantage of casting and its applications. – Patterns
and Pattern making – Types of patterns – Materials used for patterns, pattern allowances and their
construction, Principles of Gating, Gating ratio and design of Gating systems

UNIT – II
Methods of melting and types of furnaces, Solidification of castings, Solidification of pure metals and
alloys, short & long freezing range alloys. Risers – Types, function and design, casting design
considerations, Basic principles and applications of Centrifugal casting, Die casting and Investment
casting.

UNIT – III
Welding : Classification of welding processes, types of welded joints and their characteristics, Gas
welding, Different types of flames and uses, Oxy – Acetylene Gas cutting. Basic principles of Arc
welding, Manual metal arc welding, Submerged arc welding, Inert Gas welding- TIG & MIG welding.

UNIT – IV
Resistance welding, Solid state welding processes- Friction welding, Friction stir welding, Forge
welding, Explosive welding; Thermit welding, Plasma welding, Laser welding, electron beam welding,
Soldering & Brazing.

Heat affected zones in welding; pre & post heating, Weldability of metals, welding defects – causes and
remedies – destructive and nondestructive testing of welds, Design of welded joints.

UNIT – V
Plastic deformation in metals and alloys, Hot working and Cold working, Strain hardening and
Annealing. Bulk forming processes: Forging - Types Forging, Smith forging, Drop Forging, Roll forging,
Forging hammers, Rotary forging, forging defects; Rolling – fundamentals, types of rolling mills and
products, Forces in rolling and power requirements. Extrusion and its characteristics. Types of extrusion,
Impact extrusion, Hydrostatic extrusion; Wire drawing and Tube drawing.
Introduction to powder metallurgy – compaction and sintering, advantages and applications

72
UNIT – VI
Sheet metal forming - Blanking and piercing, Forces and power requirement in these operations, Deep
drawing, Stretch forming, Bending, Springback and its remedies, Coining, Spinning, Types of presses
and press tools.
High energy rate forming processes: Principles of explosive forming, electromagnetic forming, Electro
hydraulic forming, rubber pad forming, advantages and limitations.
Processing of Plastics: Types of Plastics, Properties, Applications and their processing methods,
Blow and Injection molding.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Manufacturing Processes for Engineering Materials - Kalpakjain S and Steven R Schmid- Pearson
Publ , 5th Edn.
2. Manufacturing Technology -Vol I- P.N. Rao- TMH

REFERENCES :

1. Manufacturing Science – A.Ghosh & A.K.Malik – East West Press Pvt. Ltd
2. Process and materials of manufacture- Lindberg- PHI
3. Production Technology- R.K. Jain- Khanna
4. Production Technology-P C Sharma-S. Chand
5. Manufacturing Processes- H.S. Shaun- Pearson
6. Manufacturing Processes- J.P. Kaushish- PHI
7. Workshop Technology /WAJ Chapman/CBS Publishers&Distributors Pvt.Ltd.

Course out comes: At the end of the course the student shall be able to:
1. Design patterns, Gating, runner and riser systems
2. Select a suitable casting process based on the component
3. Learn various arc and solid state welding processes and select a suitable process based on the
application and requirements
4. Understand various bulk deformation processes
5. Understand various sheet metal forming and processing of plastics

73
 L T P C
II Year - II Semester
4 0 0 3

INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING & MANAGEMENT

Course Objectives:
1. To impart fundamental knowledge and skill sets required in the Industrial Management and
Engineering profession, which include the ability to apply basic knowledge of mathematics,
probability and statistics, and the domain knowledge of Industrial Management and Engineering
2. To produce graduates with the ability to adopt a system approach to design, develop, implement
and innovate integrated systems that include people, materials, information, equipment and
energy.
3. To enable students to understand the interactions between engineering, business, technological
and environmental spheres in the modern society.
4. To enable students to understand their role as engineers and their impact to society at the national
and global context.

UNIT – I
INTRODUCTION: Definition of industrial engineering (I.E), development, applications, role of an
industrial engineer, differences between production management and industrial engineering, quantitative
tools of IE and productivity measurement. concepts of management, importance, functions of
management, scientific management, Taylor’s principles, theory X and theory Y, Fayol’s principles of
management.

UNIT – II
PLANT LAYOUT: Factors governing plant location, types of production layouts, advantages and
disadvantages of process layout and product layout, applications, quantitative techniques for optimal
design of layouts, plant maintenance, preventive and breakdown maintenance.

UNIT – III
OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT: Importance, types of production, applications, workstudy, method
study and time study, work sampling, PMTS, micro-motion study, rating techniques, MTM, work factor
system, principles of Ergonomics, flow process charts, string diagrams and Therbligs,

UNIT – IV
STATISTICAL QUALITY CONTROL: Quality control, its importance, SQC, attribute sampling
inspection with single and double sampling, Control charts – X and R – charts X AND S charts and their
applications, numerical examples.

TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT: zero defect concept, quality circles, implementation,

applications, ISO quality systems. six sigma – definition, basic concepts

UNIT – V
RESOURCE MANAGEMENT: Concept of human resource management, personnel management and
industrial relations, functions of personnel management, Job-evaluation, its importance and types, merit
rating, quantitative methods, wage incentive plans, types.

74
UNIT - VI
VALUE ANALYSIS: Value engineering, implementation procedure, enterprise resource planning and
supply chain management.
PROJECT MANAGEMENT: PERT, CPM – differences & applications, critical path, determination of
floats, importance, project crashing, smoothing and numerical examples.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Industrial Engineering and management / O.P Khanna/Khanna Publishers.
2. Industrial Engineering and Production Management/Martand Telsang/S.Chand & Company Ltd.
New Delhi
Reference Books:
1. Industrial Management / Bhattacharya DK/Vikas publishers
2. Operations Management / J.G Monks/McGrawHill Publishers.
3. Industrial Engineering and Management Science/ T. R. Banga, S. C. Sharma, N. K.
Agarwal/Khanna Publishers
4. Principles of Management /Koontz O’ Donnel/McGraw Hill Publishers.
5. Statistical Quality Control /Gupta/Khanna Publishers
6. Industrial Engineering and Management /NVS Raju/Cengage Publishers

Course outcome:
Upon successful completion of this course you should be able to:
1. Design and conduct experiments, analyse, interpret data and synthesize valid conclusions
2. Design a system, component, or process, and synthesize solutions to achieve desired needs
3. Use the techniques, skills, and modern engineering tools necessary for engineering practice with
appropriate considerations for public health and safety, cultural, societal, and environmental constraints
4. Function effectively within multi-disciplinary teams and understand the fundamental precepts of
effective project management

75
 L T P C
II Year - II Semester
4 0 0 3

MACHINE DRAWING

Course Objective: The student will acquire knowledge of fastening arrangements such as welding,
riveting the different styles of attachment for shaft. The student also is enabled to prepare the assembly of
various machine or engine components and miscellaneous machine components.

Machine Drawing Conventions :

Need for drawing conventions – introduction to IS conventions
a) Conventional representation of materials, common machine elements and parts such as
screws, nuts, bolts, keys, gears, webs, ribs.
b) Types of sections – selection of section planes and drawing of sections and auxiliary
sectional views. Parts not usually sectioned.
c) Methods of dimensioning, general rules for sizes and placement of dimensions for holes,
centers, curved and tapered features.
d) Title boxes, their size, location and details - common abbreviations & their liberal usage
e) Types of Drawings – working drawings for machine parts.

PART-A

I. Drawing of Machine Elements and simple parts

Objective: To provide basic understanding and drawing practice of various joint, simple
mechanical parts
Selection of Views, additional views for the following machine elements and parts with every drawing
proportions.
a) Popular forms of Screw threads, bolts, nuts, stud bolts, tap bolts, set screws.
b) Keys, cottered joints and knuckle joint.
c) Rivetted joints for plates
d) Shaft coupling, spigot and socket pipe joint.
e) Journal, pivot and collar and foot step bearings.

PART-B

II. Assembly Drawings:

Objective: The student will be able to draw the assembly from the individual part drawing.
Drawings of assembled views for the part drawings of the following using conventions and easy
drawing proportions.
a) Engine parts –Gear pump, Fuel pump Petrol Engine connecting rod, piston assembly.
b) Other machine parts - Screws jacks, Machine Vices Plummer block, Tailstock.
c) Valves: spring loaded safety valve, feed check valve and air cock, Control valves

NOTE : First angle projection to be adopted. The student should be able to provide working drawings of
actual parts. End semester examination for 70 Marks, Part A- 20 Marks (Answer two questions out of
Three), Part B- 50 Marks (Assembly Drawing).

76
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Machine Drawing – N.Siddeswar, K.Kannaiah & V.V.S.Sastry - TMH
2. Machine Drawing –K.L.Narayana, P.Kannaiah & K. Venkata Reddy / New Age/ Publishers
REFERENCES:
1. Machine Drawing – P.S.Gill,
2. Machine Drawing – Luzzader
3. Machine Drawing – Rajput
4. Machine Drawing – N.D. Junnarkar, Pearson
5. Machine Drawing – Ajeeth Singh, McGraw Hill
6. Machine Drawing – KC John, PHI
7. Machine Drawing – B Battacharya, Oxford
8. Machine Drawing – Gowtham and Gowtham, Pearson

77
 L T P C
II Year - II Semester
0 0 3 2

THERMAL ENGINEERING LAB

Course objective: To provide hands on experience in operating various types of internal

combustion engines and understand their functioning and performance.

1. I.C. Engines valve / port timing diagrams.

2. I.C. Engines performance test (4 -stroke diesel engines)
3. I.C. Engines performance test on 2-stroke petrol.
4. Evaluation of engine friction by conducting morse test on 4-stroke multi cylinder petrol engine.
5. Determination of FHP by retardation and motoring test on IC engine.
6. I.C. Engines heat balance.
7. Economical speed test of an IC engine.
8. Performance test on variable compression ratio engines.
9. Performance test on reciprocating air compressor unit.
10. Dis-assembly / assembly of different parts of two wheelers. 3 wheelers & 4 wheelers. Tractor &
Heavy duty engines covering 2-stroke and 4 stroke, SI and CI engines.

78
 L T P C
II Year - II Semester
0 0 3 2

FLUID MECHANICS & HYDRAULIC MACHINES LAB

Course Objective: To impart practical exposure on the performance evaluation methods of various
flow measuring equipment and hydraulic turbines and pumps.

1. Impact of jets on Vanes.

2. Performance Test on Pelton Wheel.
3. Performance Test on Francis Turbine.2
4. Performance Test on Kaplan Turbine.
5. Performance Test on Single Stage Centrifugal Pump.
6. Performance Test on Multi Stage Centrifugal Pump.
7. Performance Test on Reciprocating Pump.
8. Calibration of Venturimeter.
9. Calibration of Orifice meter.
10. Determination of friction factor for a given pipe line.
11. Determination of loss of head due to sudden contraction in a pipeline.
12. Turbine flow meter.

79
 L T P C
III Year - I Semester
4 0 0 3

DYNAMICS OF MACHINERY

Course Objectives:

1. To equip the student with fundamental knowledge of dynamics of machines so that student can
appreciate problems of dynamic force balance, transmissibility of forces, isolation of systems,
vibrations.
2. Develop knowledge of analytical and graphical methods for calculating balancing of rotary and
reciprocating masses.
3. Develop understanding of vibrations and its significance on engineering design
4. Develop understanding of dynamic balancing, flywheel analysis, gyroscopic forces and moments

UNIT – I
PRECESSION: Gyroscopes, effect of precession motion on the stability of moving vehicles such as
motor car, motor cycle, aero planes and ships, static and dynamic force analysis of planar mechanisms,
(Demonstration of models in video show).

UNIT – II
FRICTION: Inclined plane, friction of screw and nuts, pivot and collar, uniform pressure, uniform wear,
friction circle and friction axis: lubricated surfaces, boundary friction, film lubrication.
CLUTCHES: Friction clutches- single disc or plate clutch, multiple disc clutch, cone clutch, centrifugal
clutch.
BRAKES AND DYNAMOMETERS: Simple block brakes, internal expanding brake, band brake of
vehicle. General description and operation of dynamometers: Prony, Rope brake, Epicyclic, Bevis
Gibson and belt transmission,

UNIT – III
TURNING MOMENT DIAGRAMS: Dynamic force analysis of slider crank mechanism, inertia
torque, angular velocity and acceleration of connecting rod, crank effort and turning moment diagrams –
fluctuation of energy – fly wheels and their design.

UNIT-IV
GOVERNERS: Watt, porter and proell governors, spring loaded governors – Hartnell and Hartung with
auxiliary springs. sensitiveness, isochronism and hunting.

UNIT – V
BALANCING: Balancing of rotating masses single and multiple – single and different planes, use
analytical and graphical methods. Primary, secondary, and higher balancing of reciprocating masses.
analytical and graphical methods, unbalanced forces and couples – examination of “V” multi cylinder in
line and radial engines for primary and secondary balancing, locomotive balancing, hammer blow,
swaying couple, variation of tractive effort.

UNIT – VI
VIBRATIONS: Free Vibration of spring mass system – oscillation of pendulums, centers of oscillation
and suspension. transverse loads, vibrations of beams with concentrated and distributed loads. Dunkerly’s
methods, Raleigh’s method, whirling of shafts, critical speeds, torsional vibrations, two and three rotor
systems, Simple problems on forced damped vibration, vibration isolation and transmissibility.
80
TEXT BOOKS :
1. Theory of Machines / S.S Ratan/ Mc. Graw Hill
2. Mechanism and machine theory /Ashok G. Ambedkar/PHI Publications.

REFERENCES :
1. Mechanism and Machine Theory / JS Rao and RV Dukkipati / New Age
2. Theory of Machines / Shiegly / MGH
3. Theory of Machines / Thomas Bevan / CBS Publishers
4. Theory of machines / Khurmi/S.Chand.

Course outcomes:

Upon successful completion of this course the student should be able to:

1. Analyze stabilization of sea vehicles, aircrafts and automobile vehicles

2. Compute frictional losses, torque transmission of mechanical systsms.
3. Analyze dynamic force analysis of slider crank mechanism and design of flywheel.
4. Understand how to determine the natural frequencies of continuous systems starting from the
general equation of displacement.
5. Understand balancing of reciprocating and rotary masses.

81
 L T P C
III Year - I Semester
4 0 0 3

FUELS AND COMBUSTION

Course Objectives: To impart the knowledge about the different kinds of fuels and principles of
combustion, thermodynamics of combustion and flame propagation. The objective is to study and
understand the combustion phenomena to increase combustion efficiency.

UNIT – I:
Objective: The objective is to introduce the use and the application of different fuel types and
characteristics. The student will be able to understand various fuel handling and storage methods.
FUELS: Detailed classification – Conventional and Unconventional Solid, Liquid, gaseous fuels and
nuclear fuels – Origin of Coal – Analysis of coal.
Coal – Carburisation, Gasification and liquification – Properties of coal, action of heat on coal, oxidation
of coal, hydrogenation of coal, efficient use of solid fuels, manufactured fuels, agro fuels, solid fuel
handling, properties related to combustion, handling and storage.

Unit-II
Objective: The objective is to expose the student about petroleum refining and conversion process
in general and in India in particulars.
Origin and classification of Petroleum, refining and other conversion processes, composition of
petroleum with respect to combustion, property and testing of petroleum products, various petroleum
products, Nature of Indian Crudes & Petroleum refining in India, storage and handling of liquid fuels,
liquid fuels combustion equipment.
Types of gaseous fuels, Natural gases, methane from coal mine, Producer gas, water gas, blast furnace
gas, LPG.

UNIT – III
Objective: The objective is to make the students study and understand basic principles of
combustion and chemical kinetics.
PRINCIPLES OF COMBUSTION: Chemical composition – Flue gas analysis – dew point of products
– Stoichiometry Stoichiometry relations, theoretical air required for complete combustion, Chemical
kinetics – Rate of reaction – Reaction order – Molecularity – Zeroth, first, second and third order
reactions - complex reactions – chain reactions. Theories of reaction Kinetics – General oxidation
behaviour of HC’s.

UNIT – IV
Objective: The objective is to make the students study thermodynamics of combustion process and
calculate adiabatic flame temperature.
THERMODYNAMICS OF COMBUSTION: Enthalpy of formation – Heating value of fuel –Heat of
reaction-Heat of combustionµrp, µhp - determination of heating value of fuels(LCV,HCV)-Combustion
reaction Temperature –chemical equilibrium, Equilibrium composition of gaseous mixtures. Combustion
analysis- problems.

82
UNIT – V
Objective: The objective is to study flame propagation, factors effecting the flame propagation of
various kinds of fuels.
LAMINAR AND TURBULENT FLAMES PROPAGATION AND STRUCTURE: Flame stability –
Burning velocity of fuels – Measurement of burning velocity – factors affecting the burning velocity.
Flame Propagation - Solid, Liquid & Gaseous Fuels Combustion - Flame Temperature -
Theoretical, Adiabatic & Actual - Ignition Limits - Limits of Inflammability.

Unit-VI
Objective: The students are to be exposed to various combustion systems and design of burners for
different kinds of fuels.
Combustion of fuel, droplets and sprays – Combustion systems – Pulverized fuel furnaces – fixed,
Entrained and Fluidised Bed Systems. Burner Design: Basic features of Burners, design consideration for
different types of fuels like solid, liquid and gaseous fuels, recuperative and regenerative burners

Course outcomes:
The students completing the course will be able to understand the various kinds of fuels, their
characteristics and origin. Further the student will be enriched with enough knowledge to understand the
thermodynamics behind combustion, flame propagation and choice of combustion systems.

TEXT BOOKS :
1. Combustion Fundamentals / Roger A strehlow / Mc Graw Hill
2. Fuels and combustion / Sharma and Chander Mohan/ Tata Mc Graw Hill
3. Fuels & Combustion,/ Samir Sarkar,/2nd Edition/Orient Longman
4. Combustion Engineering and Fuel Technology / Shaha A.K./ Oxford and IBH.

REFERENCE BOOKS :
1. Principles of Combustion / Kanneth K.Kuo/ Wiley and Sons.
2. Combustion / Sarkar / Mc. Graw Hill.
3. An Introduction to Combustion / Stephen R. Turns/ Mc. Graw Hill International Edition.
4. Combustion Engineering / Gary L. Berman & Kenneth W. Ragland/ Mc. Graw Hill International
Edition.

83
 L T P C
III Year - I Semester
4 0 0 3

DESIGN OF MACHINE ELEMENTS

Course Objectives: To impart the knowledge of the design procedures and principles so as to enable the
student, understand and design basic mechanical elementals that are subjected to various loads.

UNIT – I
Objective: To learn various factors to be considered in designing an element and to understand
different theories of failures.
INTRODUCTION: General considerations in the design of Engineering Materials and their properties –
Manufacturing consideration in design. Tolerances and fits –BIS codes of steels.
STRESSES IN MACHINE MEMBERS: Simple stresses – Combined stresses – Torsional and bending
stresses - Various theories of failure – factors of safety – Design for strength and rigidity – preferred
numbers. Static strength design based on fracture toughness.
STRENGTH OF MACHINE ELEMENTS : Stress concentration –Fatigue stress concentration factor-
notch sensitivity – Design for fluctuating stresses – Endurance limit – Estimation of Endurance strength –
Goodman’s line – Soderberg’s line – Modified goodman’s line.

UNIT – II
Objectives: The students are to be exposed to the design of riveted, welded joints and bolted joints.
Rivited and welded joints – Design of joints with initial stresses
Bolted joints – Design of bolts with pre-stresses – both of uniform strength.

UNIT – III
Objective: To learn various factors to be considered in designing shafts subjected to different loads.
Further, design aspects of rigid and flexible couplings.
Shafts, keys and cotters:
SHAFTS : Design of solid and hollow shafts for strength and rigidity – Design of shafts for combined
bending and axial loads – Shaft sizes – BIS code. Design of Keys-stresses in keys-cottered joints-spigot
and socket, sleeve and cotter.
COUPLINGS: Design of Rigid couplings: Muff, Split muff and Flange couplings-Flexible couplings.

UNIT – IV
Objective: The students are to be exposed to learn various factors to be considered in designing
different types of springs.
Mechanical Springs: Stresses and deflections of helical springs – Extension and DMM – I compression
springs – Springs for fatigue loading – natural frequency of helical springs – Energy storage capacity –
helical torsion springs – Co-axial springs, leaf springs.

UNIT – V
Objective: The objective is to make the students learn fundamentals of lubrication, various
bearings and estimation of bearing life.
BEARINGS : Types of Journal bearings – Lubrication – Bearing Modulus – Full and partial bearings –
Clearance ratio – Heat dissipation of bearings, bearing materials – journal bearing design – Ball and
roller bearings – Static loading of ball & roller bearings, Bearing life.

84
UNIT – VI
Objective: The objective is to make the students use the design concepts to design various engine
components.
ENGINE PART: Connecting Rod: Thrust in connecting rod – stress due to whipping action on
connecting rod ends – Cranks and Crank shafts, strength and proportions of over hung and center cranks
– Crank pins, Crank shafts. Pistons, Forces acting on piston – Construction Design and proportions of
piston, Cylinder timers.
Course outcomes:
The students completing the course will be able to understand the concepts of various theories of failure,
factors of safety, Design for strength and rigidity. Further the same will be used to design mechanical
parts such as joints, shafts couplings, springs, bearings and other engine components.

Note: Design Data book is not permitted for examination

TEXT BOOKS :
1. Pandya & shah./Machine Design/ Charotar Publishing House
2. T.J. Prabhu/Design of Machine Elements/ SCI.TECH
3. R. S. Khurmi, J. K. Gupta/ Textbook of Machine Design/ S. Chand
4. Dr P. Kannaiah/ Machine Design/ Scitech Publishers

REFERENCE BOOKS :
1. V. B. Bhandari/Design of Machine Elements / Tata McGraw-Hill Education
2. Kamlesh Purohit, C. S. Sharma/ Design Of Machine Elements/ PHI Learning
3. JE Shigley/Mech. Engg. Design / McGraw-Hill Education

85
 L T P C
III Year - I Semester
4 0 0 3

VEHICLE TRANSPORT MANAGEMENT

Course Objectives: To impart the knowledge of organization and managing different kinds of vehicle
transport systems. Should be able to develop an efficient transport management system considering
infrastructure, public relations, route planning, schedules, and fare structure.

UNIT – I
Objective: The objective is to understand the history of transport management and the
infrastructure requirements. The student will be able to understand the need of preventive
maintenance.
Historical Back ground: Introduction, the growth of a network, trams, trolley buses, private car’s
subsidies.
The Infrastructure : Road- Approach Road. Highways National, State, District, traffic condition, relief of
congestion, pedestrians, zebra lines, margins, shopping centres. Bus-stops. Shelters, Bus stations,
Garages layout of premises, equipment, use of machinery, conveyance of staff, facilities for passengers.
Maintenance -preventive, breakdown, overhauling -major, minor.

UNIT - II
Objective: The objective is to introduce the concepts of organization, administration and inter
departmental liaison.
Organization and Management: Principle of transport management - staff administration: industrial
relation, Transportation policy-logical approach, objectives and targets.
Transport planning strategies: Types of approaches, transport packaging.
Public relations divisions: Dissemination of information, handling complaints, traffic advisory.
Committees- local contractors.

UNIT - III
Objective: The student will be exposed how to prevent accidents by recording and estimating using
different mechanisms.
Prevention of accidents: Accident prevention, Accident investigation and reduction, Emphasis of safe
driving-annual, awards, bonus encouragement vehicle design platform, layout, location of steps,
scheduled route hazards records elimination of accident prone devices.
Route planning: Role of transport systems in urban and rural areas, Source of traffic, town planning,
turning points, stopping places,
Observational traffic surveys: Inventory survey, vehicle flow survey, speed, travel time, stopping
distance and delay survey, Frequency direction of traffic flow estimated traffic possibility single, double
deck and Articulated vehicle.

UNIT - IV
Objective: The objective is to make the students to understand the vehicle schedule and crew
timings and fare collection systems.
Maintenance and scheduling: Time table layout uses of flat graph method for presentation, preparation
for vehicle, crew schedule and preparation of the duty roster, co-operation with employers -
determination of vehicle efficiency, checking efficiency of crew, duty arrangements, Basic factors of bus
scheduling, problems on bus scheduling. Impact of tyre and fuel on fares.

86
UNIT - V
Objectives: The students are to be exposed to derive fare structure by estimating the operating
costs for various types of vehicles.
Fare collections systems: Principles of collection the way bill, bell punch system, Box system personal
and common stock flat fare platform control.
The fare structure: Basis of fares historical background effects of competition and control calculating
average zone system straight and tapered scale.

UNIT - VI
Objectives: The objective is to make the students understand various types of vehicles and to
estimate the operating cost by considering factors like depreciation, obsolescence, life of vehicles
and wages etc.,
Operating cost and types of vehicles: Classification costs, average speed running costs supplementary
costs depreciation obsolescence, life of vehicles- sinking fund factor- wages and overheads 100 seats
miles basis, average seating capacity vehicles size and spread overs, types of vehicle economic
considerations authorization of trolley, bus services, statuary procedure taxes and hire cars, Cost per
Kilometer, Impact of Maintenance schedule on life of the vehicle, Importance of Association State Road
Transport Undertakings(ASRTU).

Course outcomes:
The students completing the course will be able to understand the concepts of transport management,
various types of roads, preventive breakdown and overhauling. Further the student shall be able to
understand route planning, crew schedule and fare structure fixation.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. S.K. Khanna&C.E.G. Justo/ Highway Engineering/ Nem Chand & Bros

2. Coleman O'Flaherty et.al/Transport Planning and Traffic Engineering/ Elsevier
3. Daksh Kumar Kulshrestha/Transport Management in India: In Special Reference to Bus Stations/
Mittal Publications
4. G B S Narang/ Automobile engineering/ Khanna Publications

REFERENCES:

1. Dr.L.R.Kadiyali&Dr.N.B.Lal/Principles and Practices of highway Engineering/Khanna publishers

2. M.V. Act 1988 Central Law Agency, Allahbad
3. C. S. Dunbar/ Goods Vehicle Operation: Principles and Practice /lliffe & Sons
4. Richard J. Eaton/ The Elements of Transport/ Pitman
5. L.D.Kitchen/ Road Transport Law/ lliffe & Sons

87
 L T P C
III Year - I Semester
4 0 0 3

HEAT TRANSFER
(Heat transfer data book allowed)

Course Objectives:

This course is intended to impart knowledge of principles of heat transfer and analyze the heat exchange
process in various modes for the evaluation of rate of heat transfer and the temperature distribution in
different configurations.

UNIT – I
INTRODUCTION: Modes and mechanisms of heat transfer – basic laws of heat transfer –General
discussion about applications of heat transfer.
CONDUCTION HEAT TRANSFER: Fourier rate equation – general heat conduction equation in
cartesian, cylindrical and Spherical coordinates. Steady, unsteady and periodic heat transfer – initial and
boundary conditions.
ONE DIMENSIONAL STEADY STATE CONDUCTION HEAT TRANSFER: Homogeneous slabs,
hollow cylinders and spheres – overall heat transfer coefficient – electrical analogy – critical radius of
insulation- Variable thermal conductivity – systems with heat sources or heat generation,

UNIT – II
extended surface (fins) heat Transfer – long fin, fin with insulated tip and short fin, application to error
measurement of temperature.
ONE DIMENSIONAL TRANSIENT CONDUCTION HEAT TRANSFER: Systems with negligible
internal resistance – significance of biot and fourier numbers - chart solutions of transient conduction
systems

UNIT – III
CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER: Classification of convective heat transfer – dimensional analysis
as a tool for experimental investigation – Buckingham Pi Theorem for forced and free convection,
application for developing semi – empirical non- dimensional correlation for convective heat transfer –
Significance of non-dimensional numbers – concepts of continuity, momentum and Energy Equations.

UNIT –IV
FORCED CONVECTION
EXTERNAL FLOWS: Concepts about hydrodynamic and thermal boundary layer and use of empirical
correlations for convective heat transfer -flat plates and cylinders.
INTERNAL FLOWS: Concepts about hydrodynamic and thermal entry lengths – division of internal
flow based on this –use of empirical relations for horizontal pipe flow and annulus flow.
FREE CONVECTION: Development of hydrodynamic and thermal boundary layer along a vertical
plate – use of empirical relations for vertical plates and pipes.

88
UNIT V
HEAT TRANSFER WITH PHASE CHANGE
BOILING: Pool boiling – regimes- calculations on nucleate boiling, critical heat flux and film boiling.
CONDENSATION: Film wise and drop wise condensation –nusselt’s theory of condensation on a
vertical plate - film condensation on vertical and horizontal cylinders using empirical correlations.
HEAT EXCHANGERS:
Classification of heat exchangers – overall heat transfer coefficient and fouling factor – concepts of
LMTD and NTU methods – Problems.

UNIT VI
RADIATION HEAT TRANSFER:
Emission characteristics and laws of black-body radiation – Irradiation – total and monochromatic
quantities – laws of Planck, Wien, Kirchoff, Lambert, Stefan and Boltzmann– heat exchange between
two black bodies – concepts of shape factor – Emissivity – heat exchange between grey bodies –
radiation shields – electrical analogy for radiation networks.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Heat Transfer /JP HOLMAN/TMH
2. Heat Transfer /P.K.Nag/ TMH
3. Principles of Heat Transfer /Frank Kreith, RM Manglik & MS Bohn/Cengage learning publishers

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Heat and Mass Transfer /Arora and Domkundwar/Dhanpatrai & sons
2. Fundamentals of Engg. Heat and Mass Transfer / R.C.Sachdeva / New Age International
3. Heat and Mass Transfer /Cengel/McGraw Hill.
4. Heat and Mass Transfer /D.S.Kumar / S.K.Kataria & Sons
5. A Text book on Heat Transfer-4th Edition/ S.P Sukhatme/Universities Press

Course outcomes:
The student after undergoing this course is expected to know the principles of heat transfer and be able to
apply to practical situations where in heat exchange takes place through various modes of heat transfer
including phase change.

89
 L T P C
III Year - I Semester
0 0 3 2

AUTOMOTIVE ENGINES LAB AND FUELS LABORATORY

Course Objectives: To study the characteristics of the fuels and lubricants used in automobile and get
practical knowledge in assembly & dismantling of engine components.

ENGINES LAB

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

1. Dismantling study and Assembly of Single cylinder two stroke engines.

2. Dismantling study and Assembly of Single cylinder four stroke engines.
3. Dismantling study and Assembly of Power train transmission system of three wheelers.
4. Dismantling study and Assembly of Carburetor.
5. Dismantling study and Assembly of Fuel injection pump.
6. Dismantling study and Assembly of Multi cylinder engines (Advanced engine systems).
7. Dismantling study and Assembly of Lubrication system.
8. Dismantling study and Assembly of Cooling system. (Air cooling and Liquid cooling)

FUELS LAB

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1. ASTM distillation test of liquid fuels.
2. Calorific value of liquid and gaseous fuel.
3. Flash and Fire points of petrol and diesel. (closed and open type)
4. Temperature dependence of viscosity of lubricants & Fuels by Redwood Viscometer.
5. Viscosity index of lubricants & Fuels by Saybolt Viscometer.
6. Ash content and Carbon Residue Test.
7. Drop point of grease and mechanical penetration in grease.
8. Cloud and Pour point Test.

Course outcomes:
Attending the laboratory the students shall be able to :
1. The student after undergoing this course is expected to know the principles in assembly &
dismantling of engine components
2. At the end of the lab learn characteristics of the fuels and lubricants used in automobile

90
 L T P C
III Year - I Semester
0 0 3 2

HEAT TRANSFER LAB

Objectives:
The laboratory course is aimed to provide the practical exposure to the students with regard to the
determination of amount of heat exchange in various modes of heat transfer including condensation
& boiling for several geometries.

1. Determination of overall heat transfer co-efficient of a composite slab

2. Determination of heat transfer rate through a lagged pipe.
3. Determination of heat transfer rate through a concentric sphere
4. Determination of thermal conductivity of a metal rod.
5. Determination of efficiency of a pin-fin
6. Determination of heat transfer coefficient in forced convection
7. Determination of heat transfer coefficient in natural convection.
8. Determination of effectiveness of parallel and counter flow heat exchangers.
9. Determination of emissivity of a given surface.
10. Determination of Stefan Boltzman constant.
11. Determination of heat transfer rate in drop and film wise condensation.
12. Determination of critical heat flux.
13. Demonstration of heat pipe.
14. Study of two – phase flow.

Outcomes: The student should be able to evaluate the amount of heat exchange for plane, cylindrical &
spherical geometries and should be able to compare the performance of extended surfaces and heat
exchangers

91
 L T P C
III Year - I Semester
0 0 3 2

PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY LAB

Course Objective: To impart hands-on practical exposure on manufacturing processes and equipment.

Minimum of 12 Exercises need to be performed

I. METAL CASTING :
1. Pattern Design and making - for one casting drawing.
2. Sand properties testing - for strength and permeability
3. Mould preparation, Melting and Casting

II WELDING:
1. Gas welding
2. Gas cutting
3. Manual metal arc welding - Lap & Butt Joints
4. TIG/MIG Welding
5. Resistance Spot Welding
6. Brazing and soldering

III METAL FORMING AND POWDER METALLURGY:

1. Blanking & Piercing operations and study of simple, compound and progressive dies.
2. Deep drawing and extrusion operations.
3. Bending and other operations
4. Basic powder compaction and sintering

IV PROCESSING OF PLASTICS
1. Injection Moulding
2. Blow Moulding

Course outcomes:
Attending the laboratory the students shall be able to :
1. To apply some of the manufactures process directly in the industry for preparation of
complicated jobs.
2. At the end of the lab learn preparation of various jobs using various manufacturing process
3. The student will be trained to implement similar features in preparation of jobs can be
extended to implement in the preparation of complicated jobs.

92
 L T P C
III Year - I Semester
0 2 0 0
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS AND PATENTS

Objectives:
*To know the importance of Intellectual property rights, which plays a vital role in advanced
Technical and Scientific disciplines.
*Imparting IPR protections and regulations for further advancement, so that the students can
familiarize with the latest developments.

Unit I: Introduction to Intellectual Property Rights (IPR)

Concept of Property - Introduction to IPR – International Instruments and IPR - WIPO - TRIPS – WTO -
Laws Relating to IPR - IPR Tool Kit - Protection and Regulation - Copyrights and Neighboring Rights –
Industrial Property – Patents - Agencies for IPR Registration – Traditional Knowledge –Emerging Areas
of IPR - Layout Designs and Integrated Circuits – Use and Misuse of Intellectual Property Rights.

Unit II: Copyrights and Neighboring Rights

Introduction to Copyrights – Principles of Copyright Protection – Law Relating to Copyrights - Subject
Matters of Copyright – Copyright Ownership – Transfer and Duration – Right to Prepare Derivative
Works –Rights of Distribution – Rights of Performers – Copyright Registration – Limitations –
Infringement of Copyright – Relief and Remedy – Case Law - Semiconductor Chip Protection Act.

UNIT III: Patents

Introduction to Patents - Laws Relating to Patents in India – Patent Requirements – Product Patent and
Process Patent - Patent Search - Patent Registration and Granting of Patent - Exclusive Rights –
Limitations - Ownership and Transfer –– Revocation of Patent – Patent Appellate Board - Infringement
of Patent – Compulsory Licensing –– Patent Cooperation Treaty – New developments in Patents –
Software Protection and Computer related Innovations.

UNIT IV: Trademarks

Introduction to Trademarks – Laws Relating to Trademarks – Functions of Trademark – Distinction
between Trademark and Property Mark – Marks Covered under Trademark Law - Trade Mark
Registration – Trade Mark Maintenance – Transfer of rights - Deceptive Similarities - Likelihood of
Confusion - Dilution of Ownership – Trademarks Claims and Infringement – Remedies – Passing Off
Action.

UNIT V: Trade Secrets

Introduction to Trade Secrets – General Principles - Laws Relating to Trade Secrets - Maintaining Trade
Secret – Physical Security – Employee Access Limitation – Employee Confidentiality Agreements –
Breach of Contract –Law of Unfair Competition – Trade Secret Litigation – Applying State Law.

UNIT VI: Cyber Law and Cyber Crime

Introduction to Cyber Law – Information Technology Act 2000 - Protection of Online and Computer
Transactions - E-commerce - Data Security – Authentication and Confidentiality - Privacy - Digital
Signatures – Certifying Authorities - Cyber Crimes - Prevention and Punishment – Liability of Network
Providers.
 Relevant Cases Shall be dealt where ever necessary.

93
Outcome:
* IPR Laws and patents pave the way for innovative ideas which are instrumental for inventions to
seek Patents.
*Student get an insight on Copyrights, Patents and Software patents which are instrumental for
further advancements.

References:

1. Intellectual Property Rights (Patents & Cyber Law), Dr. A. Srinivas. Oxford University Press,
New Delhi.
2. Deborah E.Bouchoux: Intellectual Property, Cengage Learning, New Delhi.
3. PrabhuddhaGanguli: Intellectual Property Rights, Tata Mc-Graw –Hill, New Delhi
4. Richard Stim: Intellectual Property, Cengage Learning, New Delhi.
5. Kompal Bansal &Parishit Bansal Fundamentals of IPR for Engineers, B. S. Publications (Press).
6. Cyber Law - Texts & Cases, South-Western’s Special Topics Collections.
7. R.Radha Krishnan, S.Balasubramanian: Intellectual Property Rights, Excel Books. New Delhi.
8. M.Ashok Kumar and MohdIqbal Ali: Intellectual Property Rights, Serials Pub.

94
 L T P C
III Year - II Semester
4 0 0 3

MACHINE TOOLS & METROLOGY

Course Objectives: The students completing this course are expected to understand the concept of
various working principles of various machine tools and concepts of metal cutting. Further there are
exposed to the importance of metrology.

UNIT – I
Objective: The fundamentals of metal cutting and forces involved will be given enough exposer to
the student.
Elementary treatment of metal cutting theory – element of cutting process – geometry of single point tool
angles, chip formation and types of chips – built up edge and its effects chip breakers, mechanics of
orthogonal cutting –Merchant’s force diagram, cutting forces, cutting speeds, feed, depth of cut, tool life,
coolants, tool materials.

UNIT – II
Objective: the students are to be exposed the fundamental concepts of Engine Lathe and its various
operations that can be performed.
Engine lathe – principle of working, specification of lathe – types of lathe – work holders tool holders –
operations performed- box tools taper turning, thread turning – for lathes and attachments, turret and
capstan lathes – collet chucks – other work holding – tool holding devices.
Principal features of automatic lathes – classification – single spindle and multi-spindle automatic lathes.

UNIT – III
Objective: the students are to be exposed the fundamental concepts of Shaping, Slotting, and
Planning, Drilling and boring machines and its various operations that can be performed
Shaping, slotting and planning machines: Principles of working – principal parts – specifications,
operations performed, machining time calculations.
Drilling & Boring machines: Principles of working, specifications, types, operations performed – tool
holding devices – twist drill – Boring Machines – jig boring machine, deep hole Drilling Machine.

UNIT – IV
Objective: the students are to be exposed the fundamental concepts of Milling machines, grinding
machines and its various operations that can be performed
Milling machine: Principles of working – specifications – classification of Milling Machines –
machining operations, types of cutters and geometry.
Grinding: Theory of grinding – classification of grinding machines, different types of abrasives, bonds,
specification and selection of a grinding wheel. Lapping, Honing & Broaching operations, comparison to
grinding.

95
UNIT-V
Objective: The students are to be exposed to the fundamental concepts and systems of limits and
tolerances and measurement instruments.
SYSTEMS OF LIMITS AND FITS: Introduction, nominal size, tolerance, limits, deviations, fits and
their types-unilateral and bilateral tolerance system, hole and shaft basis systems- interchangeability.
Linear measurement: Length standards, end standards, slip gauges- calibration of the slip gauges, dial
indicators, micrometers.
Measurement of angles and tapers: Different methods – bevel protractor, angle slip gauges-clinometer
Limit gauges: Taylor’s principle – design of go and no go gauges; plug, ring, snap, gap, taper, profile and
position gauges.

UNIT-VI
Objective: The students are to be exposed the fundamental concepts of optical measuring
instruments and surface measurement instruments.
Optical measurement instruments: Tools maker’s microscope and uses - collimators, optical projector,
optical flats and their uses.
Surface roughness measurement: Differences between surface roughness and surface waviness.
Comparators: Types - mechanical, optical, electrical and electronic, pneumatic comparators and their
uses.

Course outcomes: The students completing the course will be able to understand the various machines
tools and their operating principles and various precision measuring procedures.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Production Technology / R.K. Jain and S.C. Gupta/ Khanna Pub
2. Engineering Metrology / Mahajan / Dhanpat Rai Publishers

REFERENCES:
1. Production Engineering/K.C Jain & A.K Chitaley/PHI Publishers
2. Engineering Metrology / R.K.Jain / Khanna Publishers

96
 L T P C
III Year - II Semester
4 0 0 3

INSTRUMENTATION & CONTROL SYSTEMS

Course Objectives:
The course focuses on imparting the principles of measurement which includes the working mechanism
of various sensors and devices, that are in use to measure the important physical variables of various
mechatronic systems.

UNIT – I
Definition – Basic principles of measurement – measurement systems, generalized configuration and
functional descriptions of measuring instruments – examples. dynamic performance characteristics –
sources of error, classification and elimination of error.
Measurement of Displacement: Theory and construction of various transducers to measure
displacement – piezo electric, inductive, capacitance, resistance, ionization and photo electric
transducers, calibration procedures.

UNIT – II
MEASUREMENT OF TEMPERATURE: Classification – ranges – various principles of measurement
– expansion, electrical resistance – thermistor – thermocouple – pyrometers – temperature indicators.
MEASUREMENT OF PRESSURE: Units – classification – different principles used. manometers,
piston, bourdon pressure gauges, bellows – diaphragm gauges. low pressure measurement – thermal
conductivity gauges – ionization pressure gauges, mcleod pressure gauge.

UNIT – III
MEASUREMENT OF LEVEL : Direct method – indirect methods – capacitative, ultrasonic, magnetic,
cryogenic fuel level indicators – bubler level indicators.
FLOW MEASUREMENT: Rotameter, magnetic, ultrasonic, turbine flow meter, hot – wire
anemometer, laser doppler anemometer (LDA).
MEASUREMENT OF SPEED : Mechanical tachometers – electrical tachometers – stroboscope,
noncontact type of tachometer
Measurement of Acceleration and Vibration: Different simple instruments – principles of seismic
instruments – vibrometer and accelerometer using this principle.

UNIT – IV
STRESS STRAIN MEASUREMENTS : Various types of stress and strain measurements – electrical
strain gauge – gauge factor – method of usage of resistance strain gauge for bending compressive and
tensile strains – usage for measuring torque, strain gauge rosettes.

UNIT – V
MEASUREMENT OF HUMIDITY – Moisture content of gases, sling psychrometer, absorption
psychrometer, dew point meter.
MEASUREMENT OF FORCE, TORQUE AND POWER- Elastic force meters, load cells, torsion
meters, dynamometers.

97
UNIT – VI
ELEMENTS OF CONTROL SYSTEMS : Introduction, importance – classification – open and closed
systems, servomechanisms–examples with block diagrams–temperature, speed & position control
systems.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Mechanical Measurements and Control/ D.S Kumar/ Metropolitan Books
2. Mechanical Measurements / BeckWith, Marangoni,Linehard, PHI / PE
REFERENCES:
1. Measurement systems: Application and design/Doeblin Earnest. O. Adaptation/ TMH
2. Experimental Methods for Engineers / J.P.Holman/McGraw Hill
3. Mechanical and Industrial Measurements / R.K. Jain/ Khanna Publishers.
4. Instrumentation, measurement & analysis / B.C.Nakra & K.K.Choudhary/TMH

Course outcomes:

After undergoing the course the student can select appropriate device for the measurement of
parameters like temperature, pressure, speed, stress, humidity, flow velocity etc., and justify its use
through characteristics and performance.

98
 L T P C
III Year - II Semester
4 0 0 3

AUTOMOTIVE ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS

Course Objectives: To impart the knowledge of various automotive electrical and electronic systems. To
study and understand the functioning of different systems like ignition system, starter motors, electronic
controls of carburetion, dash board units and other auto electrical Systems.

UNIT-I
Objective: To make the student understand the working of storage battery and the principles
involved in it. Further the factors affecting the performance of the battery will be studied.
Storage Battery: Principles of lead acid battery and their characteristics. construction and working of lead
acid battery. types of batteries,battery rating and maintance, testing of batteries, effect of temperature on
capacity and voltage, battery capacity, voltage, efficiency, charging of batteries, sulphation and
desulphation, maintenance and servicing. Fault diagnosis. New developments in electrical storage.

UNIT-II
Objective: To make the student understand the ignition system and electronic components involved
in automobiles.
Ignition System: Conventional ignition system and study of its components. Types of ignition systems:
Battery coil Ignition, Magneto Ignition, Electronic Ignition, Laser Ignition, spark advance and retarding
mechanisms. Types of spark plugs.
a) Electronic controls of carburetion, component of fuel injection systems, multipoint injection. Bosch L-
variation electronic control diesel fuel injection, FBCC- Feedback control carburetor.
b) Starter motor: Construction and working of series and shunt automotive starter motor, integrated
starters, starter motor maintenance, troubles and repairs. Types of starter motors, Bendix drive and
solenoid.

UNIT - III
Objective: To make the students understand the working of alternator and charging systems.
Charging system: Principle of generation of direct current. construction and working of alternator,
generating systems. Maintenance, servicing and trouble shooting. Bosch compact alternator, Cutout,
Relay, Rectifier, Full way and half way.

UNIT-IV
Objective: To make the students understand the working of fusing systems and wiring involved in
auto electrical systems.
Wiring for auto electrical Systems: Types of fuses, Earth return and insulated return systems, six, twelve
and twenty four volt systems, fusing of circuits, low and high voltage automotive cables, wiring diagram
for typical automotive wiring systems, maintenance and servicing. Electrical and electronic
architecture(EEA).

UNIT-V
Objective: To make the students understand the dash board units and electrical accessories.
Dash board units and electrical accessories: Principle of automobile illumination, head lamp, lighting
circuits, horn, wind screen wiper signaling devices, fog lamps, LED Lamps, auxiliary lighting,
temperature gauge, oil pressure gauge, fuel gauge, speedometer, odometer.

99
UNIT – VI
Objective: To enhance the students knowledge regarding Binary numbers and conversions.
Number system codes and data representation: Binary numbers, number base conversion, decimal, octal
and hexa-decimal numbers, BCD codes, memory representation of positive and negative integers,
conversion real numbers. Logic gates, arithmetic circuits and introduction to microprocessors: Study of
basic and universal logic gates, study of X-OR and X-NOR gates. flip flop, S-R, S-J flip flop and
counters and shift resistance, half adders and subtractions.

TEXTBOOKS :
1. Automobile Electrical and Electronic Systems/Tom Denton/Butterworth-Heinemann
2. Automobile Engineering/RK Rajput/Laxmi Publications(P)Ltd
3. Digital Logic and Computer Design /Mano/ Prentice hall of India

REFERENCES :
1. Automotive Electrical systems / Young and Griffith/Butterworth
2. Understanding Automotive Electronics/William B.Ribbens/ELSEVIER -BH
3. Basic automotive electrical systems / C.P.Nakra/Dhanpat Rai.
4. Automotive mechanics / William H. Grouse/TMH

Course outcomes: The students completing the course will be able to understand the different
automotive electrical systems, energy storages and ignition systems and the electronic components
involved. The student will be in position to identify the fault diagnosis and preventive measures.

100
 L T P C
III Year - II Semester
4 0 0 3

ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES FOR AUTOMOBILES

Course Objectives: To impart the necessity of finding alternative energy sources for automobiles. To
understand merits and demerits, performance characteristics of various sources of fuels and their
comparison.

UNIT-I
Objective: The objective is to introduce the use and the application of different fuel types and
characteristics. The student will be able to understand Solar photo-voltaic conversion and working
principles.
Introduction: Need for non-conventional energy sources. Energy alternative: solar, photo-voltaic,
Hydrogen, Bio mass. Electrical - their merits and demerits.
Solar photo-voltaic conversion, Collection and storage of solar energy, collection devices, flat plate
collectors, concentrating type collectors, principles and working of photo-voltaic Conversion,
Applications to automobiles.

UNIT-II
Objective: The objective is to expose the student about energy from bio-mass performance
characteristics.
Energy from Bio mass: Photosynthesis, photosynthetic oxygen production, energy plantation. Bio gas
production from organic waste, description and types of Bio gas plants, Application and limitations -
Merits and demerits performance characteristics and their comparison.

UNIT-III
Objective: The objective is to expose the students to study and understand basic principles of
hydrogen energy and thermo-chemical production.
Hydrogen Energy: Properties of Hydrogen, sources of Hydrogen, Thermodynamics of water splitting
Production of Hydrogen, Electrolysis of water. Thermal decomposition of water. Thermo-chemical
production, Biochemical production.

UNIT – IV
Objective: To learn various factors to be considered in hydrogen fuel usage, and to study
performance. Design and study of future possibilities of electric automobiles.
Hydrogen fuel, Storage and Transportation methods, Applications to engines modifications necessary,
precautions and safety measures - Performance characteristics in Engine and their comparison.
Electric Automobiles: Design considerations, limitations. opportunities for improvement Batteries,
problems. future possibilities , capacities, types , material requirement.

101
UNIT – V
Objective: To learn various factors to be considered in hydrogen fuel usage, study of performance.
Design and study of future possibilities of electric automobiles.
Applicability of electric cars, major parts, battery charging, HVAC, requirements, comparative use of
fuel and energy. Availability of energy for recharging. impacts on use of fuel and energy. Impact on
urban air quality, impact on price, material requirement Traction motors and types.

UNIT-VI
Objective: To study the use of turbines in automobiles and Design of turbochargers for
automobiles.
Hybrid vehicle, benefits, types of HEVs, hybrid maintenance and service.
Use of turbines in cars, arrangement, control merits and de-merits, Design of turbochargers for
automobiles, their usefulness on the performance, use of fuel cells in Automobiles.

Course outcomes: The students completing the course will be able to understand the ever increasing
quality of life. This phenomenon imposes high demand on conventional fossil fuels. Hence search for
alternate fuels is a continuous phenomenon. The student will have an overview of various alternate fuels
along with their merits and limitations.

TEXT BOOKS :
1. G.D. Rai /Non-conventional sources of energy Khanna Pub.
2. William Hamilton /Electric Automobiles/PHI
3.Erjavec and Arias/ Alternative Fuel Technology /Cengage Learning

REFERENCE BOOKS :
1. S.P. Sukhatme /Solar Energy/ Tata McGraw Hill .
2. S. Rao & B.B. Larulekar /Energy Technology/ Khamma Lab
3. Frank Kreith & Jan F. Krieder/Principles of Solar Engineering/McGraw Hill.
4. J.A. Duffie&W.A. Beckman /Solar Energy -thermal Process/McGrawHil1

102
 L T P C
III Year - II Semester
4 0 0 3

ELECTRONIC INSTRUMENTATION
(OPEN ELECTIVE)

NO Syllabus

103
 DATA BASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
(OPEN ELECTIVE)

OBJECTIVES
 To learn the principles of systematically designing and using large scale Database
Management Systems for various applications.

UNIT-I: An Overview of Database Management, Introduction- What is Database System- What is

Database-Why Database- Data Independence- Relation Systems and Others- Summary,
Database system architecture, Introduction- The Three Levels of Architecture-The External Level- the
Conceptual Level- the Internal Level- Mapping- the Database Administrator-The Database Management
Systems- Client/Server Architecture.

UNIT-II:
The E/R Models, The Relational Model, Relational Calculus, Introduction to Database Design, Database
Design and Er Diagrams-Entities Attributes, and Entity Sets-Relationship and Relationship Sets-
Conceptual Design With the Er Models, The Relational Model Integrity Constraints Over Relations- Key
Constraints –Foreign Key Constraints-General Constraints, Relational Algebra and Calculus, Relational
Algebra- Selection and Projection- Set Operation, Renaming – Joins- Division- More Examples of
Queries, Relational Calculus, Tuple Relational Calculus- Domain Relational Calculus.

UNIT-III:
Queries, Constraints, Triggers, Overview, The Form of Basic SQL Query, Union, Intersect, and Except,
Nested Queries, Aggregate Operators, Null Values, Complex Integrity Constraints in SQL, Triggers and
Active Database.

UNIT-IV:
SCHEMA REFINEMENT (NORMALIZATION) : Purpose of Normalization or schema refinement,
concept of functional dependency, normal forms based on functional dependency(1NF, 2NF and 3 NF),
concept of surrogate key, Boyce-codd normal form(BCNF), Lossless join and dependency preserving
decomposition, Fourth normal form(4NF).

UNIT-V:
Transaction Management and Concurrency Control:
Transaction, properties of transactions, transaction log, and transaction management with SQL using
commit rollback and savepoint.
Concurrency control for lost updates, uncommitted data, inconsistent retrievals and the Scheduler.
Concurrency control with locking methods : lock granularity, lock types, two phase locking for ensuring
serializability, deadlocks, Concurrency control with time stamp ordering : Wait/Die and Wound/Wait
Schemes, Database Recovery management : Transaction recovery.

UNIT-VI:
Overview of Storages and Indexing, Data on External Storage- File Organization and Indexing –
Clustered Indexing – Primary and Secondary Indexes, Index Data Structures, Hash-Based Indexing –
Tree-Based Indexing, Comparison of File Organization

OUTCOMES
 Describe a relational database and object-oriented database.
 Create, maintain and manipulate a relational database using SQL
104
  Describe ER model and normalization for database design.
 Examine issues in data storage and query processing and can formulate appropriate solutions.
 Understand the role and issues in management of data such as efficiency, privacy, security, ethical
responsibility, and strategic advantage.
 Design and build database system for a given real world problem

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Introduction to Database Systems, CJ Date, Pearson
2. Data base Management Systems, Raghurama Krishnan, Johannes Gehrke, TATA McGraw
Hill 3rd Edition
3. Database Systems - The Complete Book, H G Molina, J D Ullman, J Widom Pearson

REFERENCES BOOKS:
1. Data base Systems design, Implementation, and Management, Peter Rob & Carlos Coronel 7th
Edition.
2. Fundamentals of Database Systems, Elmasri Navrate Pearson Education
3. Introduction to Database Systems, C.J.Date Pearson Education

105
 COMPUTER GRAPHICS
(OPEN ELECTIVE)

Course objectives:
This course allows the students to:
1. Understand the fundamental concepts and theory of computer graphics
2. Understand modeling, and interactive control of 3D computer graphics applications
3. The underlying parametric surface concepts be understood
4. Learn multimedia authoring tools.
UNIT-I
INTRODUCTION: Application areas of computer graphics, overview of graphic system, video-display
devices, raster-scan systems, random scan systems, graphics monitors and work stations and input
devices.

UNIT-II
OUTPUT PRIMITIVES: Points and lines, line drawing algorithms, mid-point circle algorithm,
Filled area primitives: scan-line polygon fill algorithm, boundary-fill and flood-fill algorithm.
2-D GEOMETRICAL TRANSFORMATIONS: Translation, scaling, rotation, reflection and shear
transformation matrix representations and homogeneous co-ordinates, composite transformations,
transformations between coordinates

UNIT -III
2-D VIEWING : The viewing pipe-line, viewing coordinat4 reference frame, window to view-port co-
ordinate transformations, viewing function, Cohen-Sutherland and Cyrus-beck line clipping algorithms,
Sutherland-Hodgeman polygon clipping algorithm

UNIT -IV
3-D OBJECT REPRESENTATION: spline representation, Hermite curve, Bezier curve and B-spline
curve, Polygon surfaces, quadric surfaces, , Solid modeling Schalars – wire frame, CSG, B-rep. Bezier
and B-spline surfaces, Basic illumination models, shading algorithms
UNIT -V
3-D GEOMETRIC TRANSFORMATIONS: Translation, rotation, scaling, reflection and shear
transformation and composite transformations. Visible surface detection methods: Classification, back-
face detection, depth-buffer, scan-line, depth sorting

UNIT-VI
COMPUTER ANIMATION: Design of animation sequence, general computer animation functions,
raster animation, computer animation language, key frame system, motion specification

106
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Computer Graphics C version/ Donald Hearn and M. Pauline Baker/Pearson/PHI
2. Computer Graphics Principles & practice-second edition in C/ Foley, VanDam, Feiner and
Hughes/Pearson Education

REFERENCES:
1. Computer Graphics Second edition/ Zhigand xiang, Roy Plastock, Schaum’s outlines/Tata Mc-
Graw hill edition.
2. Procedural elements for Computer Graphics/David F Rogers/Tata Mc Graw hill, 2nd edition.
3. Principles of Interactive Computer Graphics/ Neuman and Sproul/TMH.
4. Computer Graphics/ Steven Harrington/TMH

Course outcomes:
Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to:
1. Use the principles and commonly used paradigms and techniques of computer graphics
2. Write basic graphics application programs including animation
3. Design programs to display graphic images to given specifications

107
 GREEN ENGINEERING SYSTEMS
(OPEN ELECTIVE)
Course Objective:
The course aims to highlight the significance of alternative sources of energy, green energy systems and
processes and provides the theory and working principles of probable sources of renewable and green
energy systems that are environmental friendly.

UNIT-I
INTRODUCTION:
SOLAR RADIATION: Role and potential of new and renewable sources, the solar energy option,
Environmental impact of solar power, structure of the sun, the solar constant, sun-earth relationships,
coordinate systems and coordinates of the sun, extraterrestrial and terrestrial solar radiation, solar
radiation on titled surface, instruments for measuring solar radiation and sun shine, solar radiation data,
numerical problems. Photo voltaic energy conversion – types of PV cells, I-V characteristics
SOLAR ENERGY COLLECTION: Flat plate and concentrating collectors, classification of
concentrating collectors, orientation and thermal analysis, advanced collectors.

UNIT – II
SOLAR ENERGY STORAGE AND APPLICATIONS: Different methods, sensible, latent heat and
stratified storage, solar ponds, solar applications- solar heating/cooling technique, solar distillation and
drying, solar cookers, central power tower concept and solar chimney.
WIND ENERGY: Sources and potentials, horizontal and vertical axis windmills, performance
characteristics, betz criteria, types of winds, wind data measurement.

UNIT – III
BIO-MASS: Principles of bio-conversion, anaerobic/aerobic digestion, types of bio-gas digesters, gas
yield, combustion characteristics of bio-gas, utilization for cooking, bio fuels, I.C. engine operation and
economic aspects.
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY: Resources, types of wells, methods of harnessing the energy, potential in
India.
OCEAN ENERGY: OTEC, Principles of utilization, setting of OTEC plants, thermodynamic cycles.
Tidal and wave energy: Potential and conversion techniques, mini-hydel power plants, and their
economics.

UNIT –IV
ENERGY EFFICIENT SYSTEMS:
(A) ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS: Energy efficient motors, energy efficient lighting and control, selection
of luminaire, variable voltage variable frequency drives (adjustable speed drives), controls for
HVAC (heating, ventilation and air conditioning), demand site management.
(B) MECHANICAL SYSTEMS: Fuel cells- principle, thermodynamic aspects, selection of fuels &
working of various types of fuel cells, Environmental friendly and Energy efficient compressors and
pumps.

108
UNIT-V
ENERGY EFFICIENT PROCESSES: Environmental impact of the current manufacturing practices
and systems, benefits of green manufacturing systems, selection of recyclable and environment friendly
materials in manufacturing, design and implementation of efficient and sustainable green production
systems with examples like environmental friendly machining, vegetable based cutting fluids, alternate
casting and joining techniques, zero waste manufacturing.

UNIT – VI
GREEN BUILDINGS: Definition, features and benefits. Sustainable site selection and planning of
buildings for maximum comfort. Environmental friendly building materials like bamboo, timber,
rammed earth, hollow blocks, lime & lime pozzolana cement, agro materials and industrial waste, Ferro
cement and Ferro-concrete, alternate roofing systems, paints to reduce heat gain of the buildings.
Energy management.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Solar Energy – Principles of Thermal Collection and Storage/Sukhatme S.P. and J.K.Nayak/
TMH
2. Non-Conventional Energy Resources/ Khan B.H/ Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi, 2006
3. Green Manufacturing Processes and Systems, Edited / J. Paulo Davim/Springer 2013
4.
REFERENCES:
1. Alternative Building Materials and Technologies / K.S Jagadeesh, B.V Venkata Rama Reddy and
K.S Nanjunda Rao/New age international
2. Principles of Solar Engineering / D.Yogi Goswami, Frank Krieth & John F Kreider / Taylor &
Francis
3. Non-Conventional Energy / Ashok V Desai /New Age International (P) Ltd
4. Renewable Energy Technologies /Ramesh & Kumar /Narosa
5. Non conventional Energy Source/ G.D Roy/Standard Publishers
6. Renewable Energy Resources-2nd Edition/ J.Twidell and T. Weir/ BSP Books Pvt.Ltd
7. Fuel Cell Technology –Hand Book / Gregor Hoogers / BSP Books Pvt. Ltd.

Course outcome:
The student shall understand the principles and working of solar, wind, biomass, geo thermal, ocean
energies and green energy systems and appreciate their significance in view of their importance in the
current scenario and their potential future applications.

109
 OFFROAD VECHILES
(OPEN ELECTIVE)

Course objective: To impart the necessity, requirements and construction of different special type of
vehicles and their features also about chassis and frames and other automobile components like bakes,
safety systems.

UNIT-I
EARTH MOVING AND CONSTRUCTIONAL EQUIPMENTS
Construction layout, capacity and applications of earthmovers for dumpers, front-end loaders,
bulldozers, excavators, backhoe loaders, scrappers, motor graders etc.criteria for selection of
prime mover fro dumpers and front end loaders based on vechile performance characteristics.

UNIT-II
POWER TRAIN CONCEPTS
Engine- converter match curves. Epicyclic type transmissions. Selection criteria for universal
joints. Constructional details of steerable and drive axles of dumper.

UNIT-III
VECHILE SYSTEMS, FEATURES
Brake System and actuation- OCDB and dry disc caliper brakes. Body hoist and bucket
operational hydraulics. Hydro-pneumatic suspension cylinders. Power steering system.
Kinematics for loader and bulldozer operational linkages. Safety features, safe warning system for
dumper. Design aspects on dumper body, loader bucket and water tank of sprinkler.

UNIT-IV
SPECIAL PURPOSE VECHILES FOR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS
Constructional features, capacity and stability of jib cranes. Vibratory compactors.

UNIT-V
FARM EQUIPMENTS, MILITARY AND COMBAT VECHILES
Ride and stability characteristics, power take off, special implementations. Special features and
constructional details of tankers, gun carriers and transport vechiles.

UNIT-VI
SAFETY EQUIPMENT
Safety regulations, air bags, automatic seat belt tightened system,Anti locking braking
system(ABS), Speed limiting device(SLD),Fire detection and suppression system(FDSS),
automatic traction control, automatic vehicle stability control, Collapsible steering system

110
 TEXT BOOKS & REFERENCES
1. Pipenger, Industrial Hydralics, Mcgraw Hill, Tokoyo, 1979.
2. A.Astakhov, Truck cranes, MIR Publishers, Moscow, 1971.
3. Bart H Vandereen, Tanks and Transport Vechiles, Fredric Warne and co. Ltd., London, 1974.
4. K.Abrosimov, A.Bromberg and F.Katayer, Road making machaneries, MIR publisher,
Moscow, 1975.
5. SAE handbook-Vol III, 1995.

Course outcome: The students completing the course will be able to understand various automobile
components and their construction details. And preventive and remedial measures can be attended by the
student with enough knowledge.

111
 AUTOMOTIVE EMISSION AND POLLUTION CONTROL
(OPEN ELECTIVE)

Course objective: The students are exposed to pollution control laws, causes of pollution and measures
to be taken to reduce the exhaust gas pollutants.

UNIT I
Laws and regulations: Historical background, regulatory test procedures (European cycles). Exhaust gas
pollutants (European rail road limits), particulate pollutants, European statutory values, inspection of
vehicles in circulation (influence of actual traffic conditions and influence of vehicle maintenance)
Analysis of pollutants: Carbon and Nitrogen compounds-(CO.CO2 Nox), Ammonia and Amines,
Hydrocarbons. Volatile compounds, evaporative losses, analysis of particulates.

UNIT-II
Pollutants from SI engines, Mechanism & formation of Hc, Co and NOx in SI engines. Engines and
operating variables affecting pollution in SI engines.
Pollution for CI engines, Mechanism & formation of Hc, Co and NOx , and root in CI engines. Factor
affecting emissions in CI engines.

UNIT-III
Lean burns & stratified charge engines. Multipoint fuel injection and gasoline direct injection methods.
Common rail fuel injection in diesel engines. Post combustion treatments: Introduction, exhaust gas
recirculation, exhaust gas composition before treatment, catalytic convertors, oxidation and three way
types thermal reactors, installation of catalysts in exhaust lines treatment in diesel engines, particulate
traps for diesel engines, particulates trap regeneration.

UNIT-IV
Economic challenges: Introduction, cost of improvement to SI engines, cost of injection systems, cost of
improvement in Diesel engines, economic consequences of introducing the catalyst, additional costs
incurred by diesel traps, cost of periodic inspection of pollution control system and evaporative control
system.

UNIT-V
Instrumentation for pollution measurements: NDIR- analysers, thermal conductivity and flame ionization
detectors, analysers for NOx, gas chromatograph. Orsat apparatus, smoke meters-spot sampling and
continuous indication types like Bosch, Hartridge. Particulate measuring systems, dilution tunnels- full
and partial flow.

UNIT VI

SI and CI engines fuel requirements. Knock in SI and CI engines. Knock rating of SI and CI Engines
fuels. Alternative fuel like Hydrogen, Natural gas, LPG, vegetable oil and biodiesel, their production,
properties, storage and performance as engines fuels.

Course outcome: The students completing this course will be in a position to derive various measures to
be taken to reduce the exhaust gas pollutants coming out of automobiles to meet the laws and regulations
in practice.

112
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals/Heywood/Mc Graw Hill
2. Internal combustion engines and air pollution/ Edward Frederic Obert/ Intext Educ. Pub
3. Bosch – Gawline fuel injection /Bosch Publications
4. Bosch – Diesel fuel injection /Bosch Publications
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Automobiles and Pollution /PaulDegobert/ OPHRYS
2. SAE Surface Vehicle Emissions Standards Manual/ Society of Automotive Engineers
3. Automobile Pollution, Concerns, Priorities, and Challenges/ Shyam Kishor Agarwal/ APH
Publishing
4. Diesel engine operation manual /V.L. Maleev/CBS Pub
5. Engine emission /Springer and Patterson/Plenum Press
6. Internal Combustion Engines /Heins Aeisth /SAE Publications.

113
 L T P C
III Year - II Semester
0 0 3 2
AUTOMOTIVE ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS LAB

OBJECTIVES:
To introduce the testing procedure for electrical and electronics system in automobile.

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1. Electrical Laboratory
a) Testing of batteries and battery maintenance
b) Testing of starting motors and generators
c) Testing of regulators and cut-outs
d) Diagnosis of ignition faults
e) Study of automobile electrical wiring
2. Electronics Laboratory
f) Study of rectifiers and filters
g) Study of logic gates, adder and flip-flops
h) Study of SCR and IC timer
i) Interfacing Sensors like RTD, LVDT, Load cell etc.
j) Interfacing ADC for Data Acquisition
k) Micro controller programming and interfacing
l) Interfacing actuators
m) EPROM Programming
n) Fault Diagnosis of various sensors.

114
 L T P C
III Year - II Semester
0 0 3 2

METROLOGY & MACHINE TOOLS LAB

Note: minimum of 6 experiments from each section

Course Objective: This practical course covers the topics related to precession measuring instruments
and the working and operations of various machine tools.

Section-I

METROLOGY LAB

1. Measurement of lengths, heights, diameters by vernier calipers, micrometers etc.

2. Measurement of bores by internal micrometers and dial bore indicators.
3. Use of gear tooth vernier calipers and checking the chordal thickness of spur gear.
4. Machine tool alignment test on the lathe.
5. Machine tool alignment test on milling machine.
6. Angle and taper measurements by bevel protractor, Sine bars, etc.
7. Use of spirit level in finding the straightness of a bed and flatness of a surface.
8. Thread measurement by two wire/ three wire method & tool makers microscope.
9. Surface roughness measurement by Talysurf.

Section-II

MACHINE TOOLS LAB

1. Introduction of general purpose machines -lathe, drilling machine, milling machine, shaper,
planing machine, slotting machine, cylindrical grinder, surface grinder and tool and cutter grinder.
2. Step turning and taper turning on lathe machine
3. Thread cutting and knurling on -lathe machine.
4. Drilling and tapping
5. Shaping and planning
6. Slotting
7. Milling
8. Cylindrical surface grinding
9. Grinding of tool angles.

Course Outcome: After completing the course the student will be able to operate various precession
measuring instruments and working and operations of various machines tools.

115
 L T P C
III Year - II Semester
0 0 3 2

AUTO SCANNING & VEHICLE TESTING LAB

OBJECTIVE: To impart to the learner the skills to analyze engine and to study its performance, wheel
balancing and alignment machines. Further to scan the automobile in all aspects for correct diagnosis.

1. Computerized engine analyzer study and practice.

2. Computerized wheel balancing machine study and practice.
3. Computerized wheel alignment machine study and practice.
4. Exhaust emission test of petrol and diesel engine
5. Two wheeler chassis dynamometer study and practice
6. Study of wind tunnel -determining of coeff of drag for a given aerofoil .
7. Road worthiness test a) Acceleration b) Gradability c) Maximum speed d) Constant speed fuel
consumption (High way drive) e) city drive fuel consumption tests.
8. Head light focusing test.
9. Visibility test.
10. Braking distance test .
11. Drawings of automobile bodies -light and heavy vehicles for different seating capacities .
12. Dimensional drawings of bus depots and service station workshop layouts.

Course outcomes: The students completing the course will be able to understand automotive scan tools
and diagnostic equipment for fault diagnosis and troubleshooting any problem arises in automobile.

116
 L T P C
III Year - II Semester
0 3 0 0

PROFESSIONAL ETHICS & HUMAN VALUES

Course Objectives:

*To give basic insights and inputs to the student to inculcate Human values to grow as a
responsible human beings with proper personality.
*Professional Ethics instills the student to maintain ethical conduct and discharge their
professional duties.

UNIT I: Human Values:

Morals, Values and Ethics – Integrity –Trustworthiness - Work Ethics – Service Learning – Civic Virtue
– Respect for others – Living Peacefully – Caring – Sharing – Honesty –Courage – Value Time – Co-
operation – Commitment – Empathy – Self-confidence – Spirituality- Character.

UNIT: II: Principles for Harmony:

Truthfulness – Customs and Traditions -Value Education – Human Dignity – Human Rights –
Fundamental Duties - Aspirations and Harmony (I, We & Nature) – Gender Bias - Emotional Intelligence
– Salovey – Mayer Model – Emotional Competencies – Conscientiousness.

UNIT III: Engineering Ethics and Social Experimentation:

History of Ethics - Need of Engineering Ethics - Senses of Engineering Ethics- Profession and
Professionalism ––Self Interest - Moral Autonomy – Utilitarianism – Virtue Theory - Uses of Ethical
Theories - Deontology- Types of Inquiry –Kohlberg’s Theory - Gilligan’s Argument –Heinz’s Dilemma -
Comparison with Standard Experiments –– Learning from the Past –Engineers as Managers –
Consultants and Leaders – Balanced Outlook on Law - Role of Codes – Codes and Experimental Nature
of Engineering.

UNIT IV: Engineers’ Responsibilities towards Safety and Risk:

Concept of Safety - Safety and Risk – Types of Risks – Voluntary v/sInvoluntary Risk – Consequences -
Risk Assessment – Accountability – Liability - Reversible Effects - Threshold Levels of Risk - Delayed
v/sImmediate Risk - Safety and the Engineer – Designing for Safety – Risk-Benefit Analysis-Accidents.

UNIT V: Engineers’ Duties and Rights:

Concept of Duty - Professional Duties – Collegiality - Techniques for Achieving Collegiality – Senses of
Loyalty - Consensus and Controversy - Professional and Individual Rights –Confidential and Proprietary
Information - Conflict of Interest-Ethical egoism - Collective Bargaining – Confidentiality - Gifts and
Bribes - Problem solving-Occupational Crimes- Industrial Espionage- Price Fixing-Whistle Blowing.

UNIT VI: Global Issues:

Globalization and MNCs –Cross Culture Issues - Business Ethics – Media Ethics - Environmental Ethics
– Endangering Lives - Bio Ethics - Computer Ethics - War Ethics – Research Ethics -Intellectual
Property Rights.

 Related Cases Shall be dealt where ever necessary.

117
Outcome:
*It gives a comprehensive understanding of a variety issues that are encountered by every
professional in discharging professional duties.
*It provides the student the sensitivity and global outlook in the contemporary world to fulfill the
professional obligations effectively.

References:

1. Professional Ethics by R. Subramaniam – Oxford Publications, New Delhi.

2. Ethics in Engineering by Mike W. Martin and Roland Schinzinger - Tata McGraw-Hill – 2003.
3. Professional Ethics and Morals by Prof.A.R.Aryasri, DharanikotaSuyodhana - Maruthi
Publications.
4. Engineering Ethics by Harris, Pritchard and Rabins, Cengage Learning, New Delhi.
5. Human Values & Professional Ethics by S. B. Gogate, Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., Noida.
6. Engineering Ethics & Human Values by M.Govindarajan, S.Natarajan and V.S.SenthilKumar-
PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd – 2009.
7. Professional Ethics and Human Values by A. Alavudeen, R.Kalil Rahman and M. Jayakumaran –
University Science Press.
8. Professional Ethics and Human Values by Prof.D.R.Kiran-Tata McGraw-Hill - 2013
9. Human Values And Professional Ethics by Jayshree Suresh and B. S. Raghavan, S.Chand
Publications

118
 L T P C
IV Year - I Semester
4 0 0 3

AUTOMOTIVE CHASSIS & SUSPENSION

Course objective: To impart the necessity, requirements and construction of chassis and frames and
other automobile components like bakes, breaking systems, suspensions systems.

UNIT-I
Introduction to Chassis System: Introduction: Requirements of an automobile with types of
automobiles, layout of an automobile with reference to power plant, power required for propulsion,
various resistances to motion of the automobile, universal joint,rzeepa joint, transfer case.
Frames: Types of frames, materials, calculation of stresses on sections, constructional details, loading
points, testing of frames, effect of drilling holes and welding on frames. Wheels and tyres: Types of
wheels, construction. Structure and function of tyres.

UNTI-II
Steering systems: types of steering systems- Mechanical,power and power assisted(Hydraulic &
Electronic), front axle. Under steer and over steer, wheel alignment, power steering, steering geometry,
wheel balancing, centre point steering, steerability, condition for true rolling motion: Davi’s steering
system, Ackerman’s steering system.

UNIT-III
Brakes: Necessity of brake, stopping distance and time. Brake efficiency, weight transfer, brake shoe
theory, determination of braking torque, braking systems -mechanical, hydraulic,Pneumatic(single &
Dual Line),air assisted hydraulic, disc, parking and emergency brakes, servo and electrical brakes, details
of hydraulic system, mechanical system and components. Types of master cylinders, factors influencing
operation of brakes such as operating temperature, lining, brake clearance, pedal pressure, linkages, slack
adjuster-mechanical & automatic etc. Impact of ABS in braking system.

UNIT-IV
Suspension: Types of suspension, Types of leaf springs, coil spring materials, independent suspension,
torsion bar, types of pneumatic suspension, hydraulic suspension, constructional details of telescopic
shock absorbers, types, vibrations and riding comfort, role axis of spring suspension.

UNIT-V
Front Wheel Mounting, Rear Wheel Mounting, engine mounting, various types of springs used in
suspension system. Requirements and various types, Material. Types of Tyres and Rims(wheels).
Testing : Testing procedures, types of tests and chassis components, equipment for lab and road tests,
preparation of test reports.

UNIT-VI
Two and three wheelers: Classification of two and three wheelers, construction details, construction
details of frames and forks, suspension systems and shock absorbers, different arrangement of cylinders.
Carburetion system and operation.

Course outcome: The students completing the course will be able to understand various automobile
components and their construction details. And preventive and remedial measures can be attended by the
student with enough knowledge.

119
TEXTBOOKS:

1. Automotive chassis and body /P. L. Kohli/TMH

2. Automobile engineering /Sudhir Kumar /university science press
3. Automotive Chassis /P.M. Heldt/Chilton & Co.
4. Automotive Mechanics by William.H.Crouse, Mc.Graw.Hill.
5.
REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Introduction to automobile engineering /N.R. Khatawate/Khanna pub.

2. Automotive mechanics /Joseph I heintner/Affiliated East West Press
3. Automotive Mechanics /N.K.Giri/Khanna Pub
4. Automobile Engineering /T.R. Banga & Nathu Singh/Khanna Publishers

120
 L T P C
IV Year - I Semester
4 0 0 3

VEHICLE DYNAMICS

Objectives: To import knowledge of various kinds of vibrations caused due to different aspects like road
construction, engine unbalance and vibration measuring techniques.

UNIT-I
Undamped free vibration: Single degree of freedom Systems, introduction, undamped free vibration -
Natural frequency' of free vibration, Rayleigh's method, stiffness of spring elements, effects of spring
mass, Energy method, Newton's method and D' Alembert's principle- problems.

UNIT-II
Damped free vibration: Single degree of freedom systems, different types of damping, concept of critical
damping and its importance, response study of viscous damped systems for cases of under damping and
over damping, logarithmic decrement.

UNIT-III
Forced vibration: Single degree of freedom systems, steady state solution with viscous damping due to
harmonic force solution by complex algebra, concept of response, reciprocating and rotating unbalance,
vibration isolation Transmissibility ratio, energy dissipated by damping equivalent.
viscous damping.

UNIT-IV
Systems with two degree of freedom : Introduction, principle modes and normal modes, co-ordinate
coupling, generalized and principle co-ordinate, free vibrations in terms of natural conditions. Lagranges
equation, semi-definite systems, forced oscillations. harmonic excitation.

UNIT-V
Tire and rim fundamentals: Tires and sidewall information, radial and non-radial tires,tread,wheel and
rim. Forward vehicle dynamics.Effect of tyre wear and tyre pressure on the vehicle vibration.
Vehicle vibrations: Vehicle vibration with single degree of freedom free vibration, forced vibration,
vibration due to road roughness, vibration due to engine unbalance, transmissibility of engine mounting
vibration with two degree of freedom, free vibration, compensated suspension systems forced vibration,
vibration due to road roughness.
Vibration measuring instruments -Accelerometers and vibrometers. whirling of shafts with and without
air damping, discussion of speeds above and below critical speeds.

UNIT-VI
Numerical methods for multi degree of freedom systems: Introduction, influence coefficients, Maxwell's
reciprocal theorem, Dunkerley's equation, Orthogonality principle, method of matrix iteration- method of
determination of all the natural frequencies using sweeping matrix and Orthogonality principle, Holzer's
method for systems with free, fixed free and fixed ends.

121
Course outcome: After completing the course the student will be in a position to use various methods
and techniques to minimize the vibrations caused during the operation and running of vehicles.

TEXTBOOKS:

1. Mechanical Vibration -By G.K.Grovcr, Nernchand & Brothers

2. Vehicle dynamics, Theory and applications/Reza N. Jazar/Springer International
3. Vibration Theory & Applications/William I Thomson/Prentice Hall
4. Theory & Problems of Mechanical Vibration/William W. Seto/McGrawHil1

REFERENCES:

1. Problems in Automobile Mechanics/ N.K.Giri/ Khanna Pub.

2. Mechanics of Pneumatic Tyre / S.K.Cfark/ Prentice Hall
3. Mechanical Vibration Analysis / PSrinivasan /TMH

122
 L T P C
IV Year - I Semester
4 0 0 3

CAD/CAM

Course Objectives:
The general objectives of the course are to enable the students to
1. Understand the basic fundamentals of computer aided design and manufacturing.
2. To learn 2D & 3D transformations of the basic entities like line, circle, ellipse etc
3. To understand the different geometric modeling techniques like solid modeling,
surface modeling, feature based modeling etc. and to visualize how the components look like
before its manufacturing or fabrication
4. To learn the part programming, importance of group technology, computer aided process
planning, computer aided quality control
5. To learn the overall configuration and elements of computer integrated manufacturing systems.

UNIT – I
Computers in industrial manufacturing, product cycle, CAD / CAM Hardware, basic structure, CPU,
memory types, input devices, display devices, hard copy devices, storage devices.
COMPUTER GRAPHICS: Raster scan graphics coordinate system, database structure for graphics
modeling, transformation of geometry, 3D transformations, mathematics of projections, clipping, hidden
surface removal.

UNIT – II
GEOMETRIC MODELING: Requirements, geometric models, geometric construction models, curve
representation methods, surface representation methods, modeling facilities desired.
DRAFTING AND MODELING SYSTEMS: Basic geometric commands, layers, display control
commands, editing, dimensioning, solid modeling.

UNIT – III
PART PROGRAMMING FOR NC MACHINES: NC, NC modes, NC elements, CNC machine tools,
structure of CNC machine tools, features of Machining center, turning center, CNC Part Programming:
fundamentals, manual part programming methods, Computer Aided Part Programming. Direct Numerical
Control, Adaptive Control.

UNIT – IV
GROUP TECHNOLOGY: Part family, coding and classification, production flow analysis, types and
advantages.
Computer aided processes planning – importance, types.
FMS-Introduction, Equipment, Tool management systems, Layouts, FMS Control

UNIT – V
COMPUTER AIDED QUALITY CONTROL: Terminology used in quality control, use of computers
in Quality control. Inspection methods- contact and noncontact types, computer aided testing, integration
of CAQC with CAD/CAM.

123
UNIT – VI
COMPUTER INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS: Types of manufacturing systems,
machine tools and related equipment, material handling systems, material requrirement planning,
computer control systems, human labor in manufacturing systems, CIMS benefits.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. CAD / CAM Principles and Applications/PN Rao / McGraw-Hill
2. Automation, Production systems & Computer integrated Manufacturing/ M.P. Groover/Pearson
Education

REFERENCES:
1. Mastering CAD / CAM / Ibrahim Zeid / McGraw-Hill
2. Principles of Computer Aided Design and Manufacturing / Farid Amirouche / Pearson
3. Computer Numerical Control Concepts and programming / Warren S Seames / Thomson learning,
Inc
4. Product manufacturing and cost estimation using CAD/CAE/ Kuang Hua Chang/Elsevier
Publishers

Course Outcome:
At the end of the course the students shall be able to:
1. Describe the mathematical basis in the technique of representation of geometric entities including
points, lines, and parametric curves, surfaces and solid, and the technique of transformation of
geometric entities using transformation matrix
2. Describe the use of GT and CAPP for the product development
3. Identify the various elements and their activities in the Computer Integrated Manufacturing
Systems.

124
 L T P C
IV Year - I Semester
4 0 0 3

FINITE ELEMENT METHODS

Course Objectives:
1. To learn basic principles of finite element analysis procedure
2. To learn the theory and characteristics of finite elements that represent engineering structures
3. To learn and apply finite element solutions to structural, thermal, dynamic problem to develop the
knowledge and skills needed to effectively evaluate finite element analyses performed by others
4. Learn to model complex geometry problems and solution techniques.
5.
UNIT-I
Introduction to finite element method, stress and equilibrium, strain – displacement relations, stress –
strain relations, plane stress and plane strain conditions, variational and weighted residual methods,
concept of potential energy, one dimensional problems.

UNIT – II
Discretization of domain, element shapes, discretization procedures, assembly of stiffness matrix, band
width, node numbering, mesh generation, interpolation functions, local and global coordinates, convergence
requirements, treatment of boundary conditions.

UNIT – III
Analysis of Trusses: Finite element modeling, coordinates and shape functions, assembly of global
stiffness matrix and load vector, finite element equations, treatment of boundary conditions, stress, strain
and support reaction calculations. Analysis of Beams: Element stiffness matrix for Hermite beam element,
derivation of load vector for concentrated and UDL, simple problems on beams

UNIT – IV
Finite element modeling of two dimensional stress analysis with constant strain triangles and treatment of
boundary conditions, formulation of axisymmetric problems.

UNIT-V
Higher order and isoparametric elements: One dimensional quadratic and cubic elements in natural
coordinates, two dimensional four noded isoparametric elements and numerical integration.

UNIT – VI
Steady state heat transfer analysis : one dimensional analysis of a fin and two dimensional analysis of thin
plate, analysis of a uniform shaft subjected to torsion. Dynamic Analysis: Formulation of finite element
model, element consistent and lumped mass matrices, evaluation of eigen values and eigen vectors, free
vibration analysis.

TEXT BOOK:
1. The Finite Element Methods in Engineering / SS Rao / Pergamon.

125
REFERENCES:
1. Finite Element Method with applications in Engineering / YM Desai, Eldho & Shah /Pearson
publishers
2. An introduction to Finite Element Method / JN Reddy / McGrawHill
3. The Finite Element Method for Engineers – Kenneth H. Huebner, Donald L. Dewhirst, Douglas E.
Smith and Ted G. Byrom / John Wiley & sons (ASIA) Pte Ltd.
4. Finite Element Analysis: Theory and Application with Ansys, Saeed Moaveniu, Pearson
Education
5. Finite Element Methods / Chen
6. Finite Element Analysis: for students & Practicing Engineers / G.Lakshmi Narasaiah / BSP Books
Pvt.Ltd.

Course outcomes:

Upon successful completion of this course you should be able to:

1. Understand the concepts behind variational methods and weighted residual methods in FEM
2. Identify the application and characteristics of FEA elements such as bars, beams, plane and
isoparametric elements, and 3-D element .
3. Develop element characteristic equation procedure and generation of global stiffness equation
will be applied.
4. Able to apply Suitable boundary conditions to a global structural equation, and reduce it to a
solvable form.
5. Able to identify how the finite element method expands beyond the structural domain, for
problems involving dynamics, heat transfer, and fluid flow.

126
 L T P C
IV Year - I Semester
4 0 0 3

VEHICLE BODY ENGG. & SAFETY

(ELECTIVE-I)

Course objective: To impart the knowledge of the vehicle design procedures and safety measures to be
considered in designing a vehicle. Further concepts of aerodynamic profile and to minimize noise and
vibration are also introduced.

UNIT-I
INTRODUCTION: Classification of coachwork type: styling forms, coach and bus body style, layout of
cars, buses and coach with different seating and loading capacity, commercial vehicles types, vans and
pickups. Terms used in body building construction, angle of approach, angle of departure, ground
clearance, cross bearers, floor longitudes, posts, seat rail, waist rail, cant rail, roof stick, roof longitude,
rub rail, skirt rail, truss panel, wheel arch structure, wheel arch, post diagonals, gussets, wheel base,
wheel track brackets, front angover and rear hangover.

UNIT-II
VEHICLE BODY MATERIALS: Aluminium alloys, steel, alloy steel, plastics, metal matrix
composites, structural timbers- properties, glass reinforced plastics and high strength composites,
thermoplastics, load bearing plastics, semi rigid PUR foams and sandwich panel construction. Paint
adhesive and their properties, corrosion and their prevention.

UNIT-III
AERODYNAMICS: Basics, vehicle drag and types, various types of forces, resistance and moments,
effects of forces and moments, various body optimization techniques for minimum drag, principle of
wind tunnel technology, flow visualization techniques, tests with scale models, aerodynamic study for
heavy vehicles.
VEHICLE STABILITY: Introduction, longitudinal, lateral stability, vehicle on a curvilinear path,
critical speed for toppling and skidding. Effect of operating factors on lateral stability, steering geometry
and stabilization of steerable wheels, mass distribution and engine location on stability.

UNIT-IV
LOAD DISTRIBUTION: Types of body structures, vehicle body stress analysis, vehicle weight
distribution, calculation of loading, symmetrical, longitudinal loads, side loads, stress analysis of bus
structure under bending and torsion.

UNIT-V
INTERIOR ERGONOMICS: Introduction, seating dimensions, interior ergonomics, ergonomics
system design, seat comfort suspension seats, split frame seating, back passion reducers, dash boards
instruments, electronic displays, commercial vehicle cabin ergonomics, mechanical packages layout,
goods vehicle layout. Visibility, regulations, drivers visibility, methods of improving visibility, power
windows & mirrors, seat adjustment mechanisms.

127
UNIT-VI
NOISE AND VIBRATION: Noise characteristics, sources of noise, noise level measurement
techniques. Body structural vibrations, chassis bearing vibration, designing against fatigue, method of
noise suppression.
SAFETY: Impact protection basics, physics of impact between deformable bodies, design for crash
worthiness, occupant and cargo restraint, passive restraint systems, side impact analysis, bumper system
energy absorbent foams, laws of mechanisms applied to safety. Anti locking braking system(ABS),
Speed limiting device(SLD),Fire detection and suppression system(FDSS), automatic traction control,
automatic vehicle stability control, Collapsible steering system, Air bags.

Course outcome: After completing the course the student will be in a position to choose the correct
material for various parts of the vehicle. Student will have enough knowledge to address the problems
arising out of aerodynamic forces noise, vibration and the factors influencing the vehicle stability.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Sydney F pages/Body Engineering/Chapman & Hall Ltd, London, 1956.
2. Giles J Pawlowski/ vehicle body engineering/ Business books limited, 1989.
3. John Fenton/Vehicel body layout and analysis/Mechanical Engg. Publication ltd, London.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Hand book on vehicle body design/SAE publication.
2. Vehicle safety 2002, Cornwell press, Townbridge, UK, ISBN 1356-1448.
3. Redesign of bus bodies – part I & part II – CIRT pune (report), 1983.
4. Ed W.H. Hucho, Aerodynamics of Road Vehicles, 4th Edition, Butter worth’s 1987.
5. Scibor-Rylski A.J, Road vehicle Aerodynamics, Pentech press, London 2nd Edition 1984.
6. Rae W.H & Pope A, Low Speed Wind Tunnel Testing wiley & sons, USA 1984.

128
 INDUSTRIAL ROBOTICS

Course Objectives:
1. To give students practice in applying their knowledge of mathematics, science, and Engineering
and to expand this knowledge into the vast area of robotics.
2. The students will be exposed to the concepts of robot kinematics , Dynamics, Trajectory planning.
3. Mathematical approach to explain how the robotic arm motion can be described.
4. The students will understand the functioning of sensors and actuators.

UNIT-I
INTRODUCTION: Automation and Robotics, CAD/CAM and Robotics – An over view of Robotics –
present and future applications – classification by coordinate system and control system.

UNIT – II
COMPONENTS OF THE INDUSTRIAL ROBOTICS: Function line diagram representation of robot
arms, common types of arms. Components, Architecture, number of degrees of freedom – Requirements
and challenges of end effectors, determination of the end effectors, comparison of Electric, Hydraulic and
Pneumatic types of locomotion devices.

UNIT – III
MOTION ANALYSIS: Homogeneous transformations as applicable to rotation and translation –
problems.
MANIPULATOR KINEMATICS: Specifications of matrices, D-H notation joint coordinates and world
coordinates Forward and inverse kinematics – problems.

UNIT – IV
Differential transformation and manipulators, Jacobians – problems
Dynamics: Lagrange – Euler and Newton – Euler formulations – Problems.

UNIT V
General considerations in path description and generation. Trajectory planning and avoidance of
obstacles, path planning, Skew motion, joint integrated motion –straight line motion – Robot programming,
languages and software packages-description of paths with a robot programming language.

UNIT VI
ROBOT ACTUATORS AND FEED BACK COMPONENTS:
Actuators: Pneumatic, Hydraulic actuators, electric & stepper motors.
Feedback components: position sensors – potentiometers, resolvers, encoders – Velocity sensors.
ROBOT APPLICATIONS IN MANUFACTURING: Material Transfer - Material handling,
loading and unloading- Processing - spot and continuous arc welding & spray painting -
Assembly and Inspection.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Industrial Robotics / Groover M P /Pearson Edu.
2. Robotics and Control / Mittal R K & Nagrath I J / TMH.
REFERENCES:
1. Robotics / Fu K S/ McGraw Hill.
2. Robotic Engineering / Richard D. Klafter, Prentice Hall
3. Robot Analysis and Control / H. Asada and J.J.E. Slotine / BSP Books Pvt.Ltd.
4. Introduction to Robotics / John J Craig / Pearson Edu.

129
Course outcomes:

Upon successful completion of this course you should be able to:

1. Identify various robot configuration and components,
2. Select appropriate actuators and sensors for a robot based on specific application
3. Carry out kinematic and dynamic analysis for simple serial kinematic chains
4. Perform trajectory planning for a manipulator by avoiding obstacles.

130
 AUTOMOTIVE AERODYNAMICS

Course objectives: The objective is to introduce the learner the concepts, principles of aerodynamics and
principles of wind tunnel techniques to test the scale models for optimization of shape.

UNIT-I
Scope of automotive aerodynamics - historical development trends - Fundamental of fluid mechanics -
Flow phenomenon related to vehicles - External & Internal flow problem - Resistance to vehicle motion -
Performance - Fuel consumption and performance - Potential of vehicle aerodynamics.

UNIT-II
Aerodynamic Drag of Cars: Cars as a bluff body - Flow field around car - drag force - types of drag
force - analysis of aerodynamic drag - drag coefficient of cars - strategies for aerodynamic development -
low drag profiles.

UNIT-III
Effects of aerodynamics forces and moments various body optimisation techniques for minimum drag,
principal of wind tunnel techniques, tests with scale models, aerodynamic study for heavy vehicles.

UNIT-IV
Shape Optimization of Cars: Front end modification - front and rear wind shield angle - Boat tailing -
Hatch back, fast back and square back - Dust flow patterns at the rear - Effects of gap configuration -
effect of fasteners.

UNIT-V
Vehicle Handling - The origin offerees and moments on a vechile - side wind problems - method to
calculate forces and moments - vehicle dynamics under side winds - the effects of forces and moments -
Characteristics offerees and moments.

UNIT-VI
Dirt accumulation on the vehicle - wind noise - drag reduction in commercial vehicles.
Wind Tunnels For Automotive Aerodynamic: Application of wind tunnel technology - Limitation of
simulation - Stress with scale models - fill scale wind tunnels - measurement techniques - Equipment and
transducers - road testing methods - Numerical methods.

Course outcome: The students completing the course will be able to understand the concepts of
aerodynamic profile, usage of wind tunnel and scaled models for optimal design of vehicle body profile.

131
TEXT BOOKS:

1.Hucho.W.H./ Aerodynamic of Road Vehicles/Butterworths Co., Ltd., - 1997.

2. R H Barnard/ Road Vehicle Aerodynamic Design/ MechAero Publishing

3.A. Pope/Wind Tunnel Testing/ John Wiley & Sons - 2nd Edition,New York 1974.

REFERENCES :

1.Automotive Aerodynamic: Update SP-706 - SAE - 1987

2.Vehicle Aerodynamics - SP-1145 - SAE - 1996.

132
 L T P C
IV Year - I Semester
4 0 0 3

MICROPROCESSORS AND MICRO CONTROLLERS

(ELECTIVE-II)

Course Objectives: The objective is introducing the fundamental concepts of microprocessors and
microcontrollers, their construction details and applications in the field of automobile engineering.

UNIT-I: 8086 ARCHITECTURE:

Functional Diagram, Register Organization, Addressing modes, Instructions, Functional schematic,
Minimum and Maximum mode operations of 8086, 8086 Control signal interfacing, Timing Diagrams.

UNIT-II: ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE PROGRAMMMING OF 8086

Assembly Directives, Macro‘s, Simple Programs using Assembler, Implementation of FOR Loop,
WHILE, REPEAT and IF-THEN-ELSE Features, String Manipulation, Procedures.

I/O INTERFACE :Parallel data transfer scream, Programmed I/O, Interrupt Driven I/O, 8255 PPI,
Various modes of operations and interface of I/O devices to 8086, A/D, D/A Converter Interfacing,
Stepper Motor Interfacing.

UNIT-III: INTERFACING WITH ADVANCED DEVICES.

8086 System bus structure, Memory and I/O Interfacing with 8086, Interfacing through various IC
Peripheral Chips, 8257 (DMA Controller), 8259 (Interrupt Priority Control), Memory Interface using
RAMS, EPROMS and EEPROMS.

UNIT-IV: COMMUNICATION INTERFACE

Serial Communication Standards, USART Interfacing RS-232, IEEE-488, 20mA Current Loop,
Prototyping and Trouble shooting, Software Debugging tolls, MDS.

UNIT-V: INTRODUCTION TO MICRO CONTROLLERS

Overview of 8051 Micro Controller, Architecture, I/O ports and Memory Organization, Addressing
modes and Instruction set of 8051, Simple Programs using Stack Pointer, Assembly language
programming.

UNIT- VI: INTERFACING AND INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS

Applications of Micro Controllers, Interfacing 8051 to LED‘s, Push button, Relay‘s and Latch
Connections, Keyboard Interfacing, Interfacing Seven Segment Display, ADC and DAC Interfacing.

Course outcome: After completing the course the students are able to know about the various
microprocessors and microcontrollers that can be used to have optimal performance of various systems.

Text books:

Reference:

133
 COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS

Course Objectives:
The course aims at providing required numerical and software techniques for solving various engineering
problems involving fluid flow.

UNIT-I
ELEMENTARY DETAILS IN NUMERICAL TECHNIQUES: Number system and errors,
representation of integers, fractions, floating point arithmetic, loss of significance and error
propagation, condition and instability, computational methods for error estimation, convergence of
sequences.

UNIT – II
APPLIED NUMERICAL METHODS: Solution of a system of simultaneous linear algebraic
equations, iterative schemes of matrix inversion, direct methods for matrix inversion, direct
methods for banded matrices.
REVIEW OF EQUATIONS GOVERNING FLUID FLOW AND HEAT TRANSFER:
Introduction, conservation of mass, Newton’s second law of motion, expanded forms of navier-stokes
equations, conservation of energy principle, special forms of the navier-stokes equations.

UNIT - III
Steady flow, dimensionless form of momentum and energy equations, stokes equation,
conservative body force fields, stream function - vorticity formulation.
Finite difference applications in heat conduction and convention – heat conduction, steady heat
conduction in a rectangular geometry, transient heat conduction, finite difference application in
convective heat transfer, closure.

UNIT - IV
Finite differences, discretization, consistency, stability, and fundamentals of fluid flow modeling:
introduction, elementary finite difference quotients, implementation aspects of finite-difference
equations, consistency, explicit and implicit methods.

UNIT - V
Introduction to first order wave equation, stability of hyperbolic and elliptic equations, fundamentals of
fluid flow modeling, conservative property, the upwind scheme.

UNIT -VI
FINITE VOLUME METHOD: Approximation of surface integrals, volume integrals, interpolation
and differentiation practices, upwind interpolation, linear interpolation and quadratic interpolation.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Numerical heat transfer and fluid flow / Suhas V. Patankar/Butter-worth Publishers
2. Computational fluid dynamics - Basics with applications /John. D. Anderson / Mc Graw Hill.

REFERENCES:
1. Computational Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer/ Niyogi/Pearson Publications
2. Fundamentals of Computational Fluid Dynamics /Tapan K. Sengupta / Universities Press.
3. Computational fluid dynamics: An introduction, 3rd edition/John.F Wendt/Springer publishers

134
Course Outcomes:
After undergoing the course the student shall be able to apply various numerical tools like finite volume,
finite difference etc for solving the different fluid flow heat transfer problems.

135
 CONDITION MONITORING

Course Objectives:

 This course is designed to introduce the benefits and opportunities of health Monitoring and
covers a range of techniques
 The students will be exposed to a range of techniques from Vibration based methods,
Thermography, Oil conditions, Debris and ultrasonic monitoring
 Using overall vibration, vibration limit zones, broadband vibration bandwidth, alert levels, typical
severity guidelines, recording overall vibration, using overall vibration for fault finding, trending
overall vibration.
 Identifying Resonance, Hammer Test, Self Excitation, Exciter Testing. Reducing Resonance -
Effects of Frequency, Stiffness, Mass, Damping, Isolation

UNIT-I
BASICS OF VIBRATION: Basic motion: amplitudes, period, frequency, basic parameters:
displacement, velocity, acceleration, units (including dB scales) and conversions, Mass, spring and
damper concept, Introduction to SDOF and MDOF systems, Natural frequencies and resonance, Forced
response.

UNIT-II
VIBRATION MEASUREMENTS AND ANALYSIS: Transducers and mounting methods, data
acquisition using instrumentation recorders/data loggers, time domain signal analysis, orbit analysis,
Filters, Frequency domain analysis (Narrow band FFT analysis), Nyquist criteria, Sampling, aliasing,
windowing and averaging.
VIBRATION MEASUREMENT AND ANALYSIS: Use of phase; bode, polar and water fall plots,
constant percentage band width analysis (1/3 and 1/1 Octave analysis), envelope detection /spike energy
analysis, cepstral analysis, advances in analysis (PC based and portable instruments for vibration
analysis).

UNIT-III
Fault Diagnosis, Interpreting vibration measurements for common machine faults , imbalance,
misalignment, mechanical looseness, bearing and gearing faults, faults in induction motors, resonances,
some case studies, static and dynamic balancing, international standards for vibration condition
monitoring.

UNIT-IV
THERMOGRAPHY: The basics of infrared thermography, differences in equipment and specific wave
length limitations, application of ir to: electrical inspection, mechanical inspection, energy conservation,
how to take good thermal images, hands-on demonstrations focusing on proper camera settings and
image interpretation, analysis of thermal images and report generation, study of thermo graphy
applications

UNIT-V
OIL AND WEAR DEBRIS ANALYSIS: Basics of oil analysis, monitoring condition of oil, lubricant
analysis, physio – chemical properties, moisture, tan tbn, wear debris analysis, particle counting,
spectroscopy, uses & limitations, ferrography wear particle analysis, concept of ferrography, principle
particle classification, size, shape, composition, concentration, analysis procedure, sampling &
analytical ferrography equipments, severity rating.

136
UNIT-VI
ULTRASONIC MONITORING AND ANALYSIS: Ultrasonic monitoring (leak, crack and thickness)
basics of ultrasonic monitoring , ultrasonic theory, test taking philosophy, ultrasonic theory, mathematics
of ultrasound, equipment and transducers, inspection parameters and calibration, immersion theory,
equipment quality control, flaw origins and inspection methods, UT Procedure familiarization, and study
recommendations, application of ultrasound to: air leaks, steam trap testing, bearing lubrication, electrical
inspection, case studies.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. The Vibration Analysis Handbook/J I Taylor (1994)/Vibration consultants Incorporate Publishers
2. Machinery Vibration Condition Monitoring/Lynn/Butterworth(1989)

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Machinery Vibration: Measurement and Analysis/Victor Wowk/Mc GrawHill Professional

2. Mechanical fault diagnosis and condition monitoring/RA Collacott(1977) /Chapman and Hall
3. The Vibration Monitoring Handbook/Charles W Reeves/Coxmoor publishing company

Course outcomes:
 Gaining invaluable insights into the benefits of Condition Monitoring
 Understanding the reasons for selecting particular maintenance strategies
 Understanding effective methodologies for implementing Condition Monitoring Techniques
 Identifying the optimum maintenance strategy for different types of equipment
 Gaining practical approaches to minimise the risk of plant and machinery breakdowns
 Awareness of International Standards covering asset management

137
 L T P C
IV Year - I Semester
0 0 3 2

AUTOMOBILE CHASSIS LAB & INSTRUMENTATION LAB

Objective: To impart practical knowledge on automobile working, Servicing and maintenance of

selected components, and to calibrate the measuring devices.
Note: Any six experiments from each section

Section-I

AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING LAB

1. Dismantling and assembly of LMV components as following :
a) Gear box b) clutch assembly c) Propeller shaft d) differential gear box
e) rear axle t) suspension system g) steering mechanism, h) Brakes i)Front axle, j) Frame
2. Dismantling and assembly of door frames, door locks and window locks
3. Study of driver's seat layout in anyone LMV and anyone HMV.
4. Testing, servicing and charging of batteries
5. Servicing of generator, alternator and starter motor with dismantling, testing, inspection and assembly.
6. Servicing of ignition systems
7. Drawing of general electrical wiring diagrams of various vehicles { two and four wheelers )
8. Calibration of micrometer, measurement of plain plug, measurement of plain ring gauge, taper gauge
9. Measurement of taper using sine bar and other instruments.
10. Measurement of base circle diameter and tooth thickness of spur and helical gears
11. Use of slip gauges, measurement of screw threads using screw thread micrometer, use of
comparators, experiments involving profile projectors.

Note: Driving practice of a geared two wheeler and anyone LMV for a minimum of 10 hours
duration need to be provided.

Section-II
INSTRUMENTATION LAB
1. Calibration of Pressure Gauges
2. Calibration of transducer for temperature measurement.
3. Study and calibration of LVDT transducer for displacement measurement.
4. Calibration of strain gauge for temperature measurement.
5. Calibration of thermocouple for temperature measurement.
6. Calibration of capacitive transducer for angular displacement.
7. Study and calibration of photo and magnetic speed pickups for the measurement of speed.
8. Calibration of resistance temperature detector for temperature measurement.
9. Study and calibration of a rotometer for flow measurement.
10. Study and use of a Seismic pickup for the measurement of vibration amplitude of an engine bed at
various loads.
11. Study and calibration of Mcleod gauge for low pressure.

Course outcome: After completing the course the learner will be in a position to servicing the generators
and batteries and ignition systems and is expected to wellverse with various calibrated the devices.

138
 L T P C
IV Year - I Semester
0 0 3 2

CAD/CAM LAB

Course Objectives:
1. To impart the fundamental knowledge on using various analytical tools like ANSYS, FLUENT,
etc., for Engineering Simulation
2. To know various fields of engineering where these tools can be effectively used to improve the
output of a product.
3. To impart knowledge on how these tools are ued in Industries by solving some real time problems
using these tools..

1. DRAFTING: Development of part drawings for various components in the form of orthographic
and isometric. representation of dimensioning and tolerances scanning and plotting. study of
script, DXE and IGES files.
2. PART MODELING: Generation of various 3D models through protrusion, revolve, shell sweep.
creation of various features. study of parent child relation. feature based and boolean based
modeling surface and assembly modeling. study of various standard translators. design simple
components.
3. a). Determination of deflection and stresses in 2D and 3D trusses and beams.
b). Determination of deflections component and principal and Von-mises stresses in plane
stress, plane strain and Axisymmetric components.
c). Determination of stresses in 3D and shell structures (at least one example in each case)
d). Estimation of natural frequencies and mode shapes, Harmonic response of 2D beam.
e). Steady state heat transfer Analysis of plane and Axisymmetric components.
4. a). Study of various post processors used in NC Machines.
b). Machining of simple components on NC lathe and Mill by transferring NC Code / from a
CAM package. Through RS 232.
c) Practice on CNC Sinutrain Turning
d) Practice on CNC Sinutrain Milling
e) CNC programming for turned components using FANUC Controller
f) CNC programming for milled components using FANUC Controller
g) Automated CNC Tool path & G-Code generation using Pro/E/MasterCAM

Packages to be provided to cater to drafting, modeling & analysis from the following:
CATIA, Pro-E, I-DEAS, ANSYS, NISA, CAEFEM, Gibbs CAM, Master CAM etc.

Course outcomes:

Upon successful completion of this course student should be able to:

1. The student will be able to appreciate the utility of the tools like ANSYS or FLUENT in
solving real time problems and day to day problems.
2. Use of these tools for any engineering and real time applications
3. Acquire knowledge on utilizing these tools for a better project in their curriculum as well as
they will be prepared to handle industry problems with confidence when it matters to use
these tools in their Employment

139
 L T P C
IV Year - II Semester
4 0 0 3

AUTOMOTIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS

Course objectives: The objective of the course is to impart necessary skills required to model an engine
and control systems. To make the learner understand overall diagnosis of automotive engines, vehicle,
road and driver modelling

UNIT-I
Engine management systems: effective work, inflammation of A/F mixtures, flame propagation, energy
conversion, emissions of I/C engines, fuel management, injection time calculation, air mass per cycle,
intake manifold dynamics.

UNIT-II
Diesel engine modelling: Four stroke cycle diesel engine, charge exchange, air fuel raito, mass balance,
fuel injection, fuel evaporation, cylinder dynamics, fitting of model parameters.

UNIT-III
Engine control systems: Exhaust Gas oxygen sensor (λ), stoichiometric operation of SI engines, engine
model for lambda control, lambda control circuit, adaptive lambda control, idle speed control, knocking
at SI engines, knock sensors, adaptive knock control, cylinder balancing.

UNIT-IV
Diagnosis of automotive engines: introduction to diagnosis, faults modelling, principles of model based
diagnosis, modelling the air intake system, model identification, the diagnosis system, residual
generation, residual, evaluation, implementation, validation of the diagnosis system, misfire detection.

UNIT-V
Vehicle modelling: introduction, co-ordinate system, vehicle body side slip angle observer, determination
of the road gradient, vehicle control system: Anti lock Braking System, Electronically braking system,
Adaptive cruise control, Automated manual transmission. Road and driver models: road models,
requirements of the road models, definitions of the course path, nature of road and wind strength, PID
driver model, Hybrid driver model.

UNIT VI
Introduction to Mechatronics: Sensors – elements of mechatronics systems-displacement sensors,
position sensors, proximity sensors, velocity sensors, motion sensors, torque sensors, acceleration
sensors, temperature sensors. Hydraulic and pneumatic actuating systems-design of mechatronics
systems.

Course outcomes: After completing the course the student will be in a position to understand various
control systems involved in vehicle modelling.

140
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Automotive control systems/Uwe Kiencle, Lars Nielsen/Springer,2005
2. Automotive Control systems/ A, galip Ulsoy, Huei Peng, Melih Cakmakci/Cambridge University
press, 2012.
3. Mechatroincs, integrated mechanical electronics systems/K.P.Ramachandran,et,al/WILEY India
private limited.
4. Electronic Engine controls/Steve V.Hatch/Cengage Learning

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Mechatronics principles and applications/Onwubolu/ELSEVIER
2. Modern automotive technology/James E. Duffy, Goodheart /Willcox Publ, 2003.

141
 L T P C
IV Year - II Semester
4 0 0 3

VEHICLE MAINTENANCE

Course objectives: The students are exposed to maintain records and schedules, overhauling of engine
components and various systems of a vehicle.

UNIT-I
Maintenance records and schedule: Importance of maintenance, Types of maintenance, scheduled and
unscheduled maintenance. Preparation of check lists, Chassis lubrication. Cost effectiveness. Pre-trip.
Inspection forms, log books, trip sheets, other maintenance record form.

UNIT-II
Maintenance, Repair: Dismantling of engine components, cleaning methods, Visual inspection and
dimensional check of various engine components, Identification of Recondition able & Discard able
components, Reusable after minor repair.
Overhauling of engines: Minor and major tune up reconditioning, repairing methods of engine
components, assembly procedure. Special tools used for maintenance, repair and overhauling.

UNIT-III
Maintenance, repair and servicing of cooling system, lubrication system:
Cooling system –Types of Cooling circuit, Types of water pumps, radiator,fans and thermostat valve,
anti-corrosion and anti-freezing solutions, Coolant change intervals.
Lubricating system – Oil analysis, oil topping up, oil change intervals, Oil filters, Pressure relief valve,
Bypass valve, Maintenance of air intake and exhaust system, Fuel System-Maintenance, Repair and
servicing of fuel system-petrol, diesel fuel feed system components. Bleeding of air from fuel system.

UNIT-IV
Maintenance, repair and servicing of electrical systems: Battery – testing methods. Starter motor.
Charging system- DC generator, AC generator, Regulator, Ignition systems- coil ignition, transistor
assisted ignition, capacitor discharge ignition. Electric horn, wiper, Flasher, electric fuel pump, gauges.
Lighting system, head lights focussing. Wiring system.

UNIT-V
Maintenance, repair and overhauling of chassis drive line components and suspensions systems: clutch –
mechanical, automatic type gear box. Final reduction, Propeller shaft.
Suspension systems: front and rear suspension systems, Rigid and independent types, Brakes system –
hydraulic, servo, servo assisted air braking, air bleeding. Steering system,

UNIT-VI
Body repair tools, minor body panel beating, tinkering, soldering, polishing, painting. Door locks
mechanism. Window glass actuating mechanism.

Wheel Alignment – Tyres: Maintence of tyres, tubes, flaps, valve caps, pressure in tyres, pattern of tyres-
lug, semi lug, highway (Rib) and snow and mud pattern, Retreading of tyres. Rims classification, wheel
balancing types.

142
Course outcome: the students completing this course are expected to maintain various records and
scheduled and unscheduled maintenance. They are also expected to maintain, repair and service of
various systems of a vehicle.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Fleet management/ John Doke/McGraw Hill Co, 1984.
2. An Introductory Guide to Motor Vehicle Maintenance: Light Vehicles /Phil Knott, Adam
Roylance/EMS Publishing, London.

143
 L T P C
IV Year - II Semester
4 0 0 3
PRODUCT DESIGN AND ASSEMBLY AUTOMATION

Course objective: To impart the importance of various automatic feeding devices and automation and
design of manual assembly systems. Further project design using latest sophisticated technologies using
Robots in assembly lines.

UNIT –I
AUTOMATIC FEEDING AND ORIENTING DEVICES: Vibrator feeders : Mechanics of vibratory
conveying, estimating the mean conveying velocity, load sensitivity, solutions to load sensitivity, spiral
elevators, balanced feeders.

UNIT – II
Orientation of typical oriental system, effect of active orienting devices on feed rate, analysis of orienting
systems, performance of an orienting device, natural resting aspects, of parts for automatic handing,
analysis of a typical orienting system, out-of-bowl tooling. Mechanical feeders. Reciprocating -tube
hopper feeder; magazines:

UNIT-III
Assemble Automation: Development of the assemble process, choice of assemble method assemble
advantages social effects of automation.
Automatic assembly transfer systems: Continuous transfer, intermittent transfer, indexing mechanisms,
and operator - paced free – transfer machine.

UNIT-IV
Product design for high speed automatic assembly and robot assembly :Introduction, design of parts
for: high speed, feeding and orienting, example, additional feeding difficulties, high speed automatic
insertion, example, analysis of an assembly, general rules for product design for automation, design of
parts for feeding and orienting, summary of design rules for high speed automatic assembly, product for
robot assembly.

UNIT-V
Design of manual assembly: Design for assembly fits in the design process, general design guidelines
for manual assembly, development of the systematic DFA methodology, assembly efficiency,
classification system for manual handling, classification system for manual insertion and fastening, effect
of part symmetry on handling time, effect of part thickness and size on handling time, effect of weight on
handling time, parts requiring two hands for manipulation, effects of combinations of factors, effect of
symmetry effect of chamfer design on insertion operations, estimation of insertion time.

UNIT-VI
Avoiding jams during assembly, reducing risk assembly problems, effects of holding down, manual
assembly data base and design data sheets, application of the DFA methodology and general design
guidelines.
Performance and economics of assembly systems: Indexing machines, free transfer machines, basis for
economic comparisons of automation equipment, comparison of indexing and free - transfer machines'
economics of robot assembly.
Feasibility study for assembly automation: Machine design factors to reduce machine downtime due to
defective parts. Visibility study.

144
Course outcome: The students completing the course will be able to understand project design and
mechanization of assembly lines. Further they will be having enough knowledge in robot assembly.

TEXTBOOK:
1. Geoffrey Boothroyd/"Assembly Automation and Product Design"/Marcel Dekker Inc., NY, 1992.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Geoffrey Boothroyd/"Hand Book of Product Design" /Marcel and Dekken, N.Y. 1990.
2. A Delbainbre /"Computer Aided Assembly/ London, 1992.

145
 L T P C
IV Year - II Semester
4 0 0 3

AUTOMOTIVE SAFETY
(ELECTIVE-III)

Course objective: To impart the knowledge of the safety concepts, comfort and convenience system,
driver assistance system and other requirements of automotive safety.

UNIT-I
INTRODUTION:
Design of the body for safety, energy equation, engine location, deceleration of vehicle inside passenger
compartment, deceleration on impact with stationary and movable obstacle, concept of crumble zone,
safety sandwich construction.

UNIT-II
SAFETY AND FATIGUE ASPECTS
Design of body, forces in roll over, head on impact, plastics collapse and analysis, fatigue and vibration,
test on box sections, structural vibration.

UNIT-III
SAFETY CONCEPT
Active safety: driving safety, conditional safety, perceptibility safety, operating safety- crash safety
passive safety: exterior safety, interior, safety, deformation behaviour of vehicle body, speed and
acceleration characteristics of passenger compartment on impact.
Safety equipment: Seat belt, regulations, automatic seat belt tightened system,Anti locking braking
system(ABS), Speed limiting device(SLD),Fire detection and suppression system(FDSS), automatic
traction control, automatic vehicle stability control, Collapsible steering system, tilt able steering system,
air bags, electronic system for activating air bags, bumpers design for safety.

UNIT-IV
COLLISION WARNING AND AVOIDANCE
Collision warning system, causes of rear end collision, frontal object detection, rear vehicle object
detection system object detection system with braking system interactions.

UNIT-V
COMFORT AND CONVENIENCE SYSTEM
Steering and mirror adjustment, central locking system, tyre pressure monitoring and control system, rain
sensor system, automatic climate control systems, environment information system.

UNIT-VI
DRIVER ASSISTANCE SYSTEMS:
Introduction, driver support systems- driver information, vehicle support system, - vehicle status
monitoring.
TELEMATICS: Global positioning systems, geographical information systems, navigation systems,
automotive vision system, road recognition, driver assistance system.
Course Outcome: After completing the course the student will be in a position to understand the various
safety measures to be taken while designing an automobile.

146
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Bosch /Automotive Handbook/5th edition /SAE publication
2. Junsz Pawlowski/Vehicle Body Engineering/Business book limited, 1989.
3. Ronald K Jurgen/Navigation and Intelligent Transportation Systems-Progress in Technology/
Automotive Electronics Series, SAE. USA,1998.

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Rudolf Limpert/Brake Design and Safety/ SAE International, Second Edition, 1999.
2. Ronald.K.Jurgen / “Automotive Electronics Handbook” – Second edition / Mc Graw – Hill

147
 AUTOMOTIVE MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS

Course Objectives: To impart the knowledge of latest trends in manufacturing, automated flow lines,
material handling systems and Flexible assemble lines.

UNIT-I
INTRODUCTION: Types and strategies of automation, pneumatic and hydraulic components, circuits,
automation in machine tools, mechanical feeding and tool changing and machine tool control.

UNIT – II
AUTOMATED FLOW LINES: Methods of part transport, transfer mechanism, buffer storage, control
function, design and fabrication considerations.

UNIT – III
ANALYSIS OF AUTOMATED FLOW LINES: General terminology and analysis of transfer lines
without and with buffer storage, partial automation, implementation of automated flow lines.
ASSEMBLY SYSTEM AND LINE BALANCING: Assembly process and systems, assembly line, line
balancing methods, ways of improving line balance, flexible assembly lines.

UNIT – IV
AUTOMATED MATERIAL HANDLING: Types of equipment, functions, analysis and design of
material handling systems, conveyor systems, automated guided vehicle systems.
AUTOMATED STORAGE SYSTEMS: Automated storage and retrieval systems; work in process
storage, interfacing handling and storage with manufacturing.

UNIT – V
ADAPTIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS: Introduction, adaptive control with optimization, adaptive control
with constraints, application of a.c. in machining operations. Use of various parameters such as cutting
force, temperatures, vibration and acoustic emission.

UNIT – VI
Automated inspection: Fundamentals, types of inspection methods and equipment, CMM, machine
vision.
Course outcome: After completing the course the student will be able to know about the automated
flow lines, automated assembly and other automated that are being used in automobile manufacturing
industries.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Automation, Production Systems and Computer Integrated Manufacturing/
M.P. Groover./ Prentice Hall
2. Manufacturing Processes and Systems/ Phillip F. Ostwald, Jairo Muñoz/ Wiley
3. Computer Control of Manufacturing Systems / Yoram Coren/ McGraw-Hill

REFERENCES:
1. CAD / CAM/ CIM /Radhakrishnan/ New Age International
2. Mechanical assemblies /Daniek E. Whitney/Oxford

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 AUTOMOBILE AIR CONTIDITIONING

Course objective: To impart the knowledge of the automobile air conditioning concepts and various
systems and also load analysis, air distribution calculations.

UNIT I
AIR CONDITIONING FUNDAMENTALS: Basic air conditioning system, Air conditioning principles,
air conditioning types, temperature and pressure fundamentals, types of compressors and refrigerants.

UNIT II
AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEMS: Classification, layouts, central and unitary air conditioning systems,
components like compressors, evaporators, condensers, expansions devices, fan blowers.
Heating systems, automotive heaters, types, heater systems, air conditioning protection, engine
protection.Difference between car, truck & bus air conditioning.

UNIT-III
LOAD ANALYSIS: Outside & inside design consideration, factors forming the load on refrigeration &
air conditioning systems, cooling & heating, load calculations for automobiles, effect of air conditioning
load on engines performance.

UNIT –IV
AIR DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS: Distribution duct system, sizing, supply and return ducts, type of
grills, diffusers, ventilation, air noise level, layout of duct systems for automobiles and their impact on
load calculations.

UNIT-V
Air routing & temperature control-Objectives, evaporator air flow, through the re-circulating unit,
automatic temperature control, duct system, controlling flow, vacuum reserve, testing the air control of
air handling systems.

UNIT-VI
AIR CONDITIONING SERVICES: Air conditioner maintenance & service- causes of air conditioner
failure, leak testing guide, discharging the system, evacuating the system, charging the system, servicing
heater system, removing & replacing components, trouble shooting of air conditioning system,
compressor service, methods of dehydration, charging & testing.
Air conditioning control: Common control such as thermostats, humidistat, control dampers, pressure cut
outs, relays.

Course outcome: After completing the course, student will be in a position to understand various
systems fault diagnosis and troubleshooting of auto air conditioning.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Mark Schnubel/Automotive Heating & Air Conditioning/Thomson Delmar Learning, 3rd edition,
NY.
2. William H. Crouse & Donald L. Anglin/Automotive Air Conditioning/Mc GrawHill. Inc., 1990.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Boyace H. Dwuggins /Automotive Air – Conditioning/ Delmar Publishers
2. Paul Weisler/“Automotive Air Conditioning/Reston PublishingCo.Inc.1990.
3. Paul Lung/ Automotive Air Conditioning/C.B. S. Publisher & Distributor, Delhi.

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 L T P C
IV Year - II Semester
0 3 0 2
SEMINAR

150
 L T P C
IV Year - II Semester
0 0 0 10
PROJECT WORK

Objectives:
The aim of the course is to make the student perform a comprehensive project work that involves either
or all of the following: optimum design of a mechanical component or an assembly, thermal analysis,
computer aided design & analysis, cost effective manufacturing process, material selection, testing
procedures or fabrication of components and prepare a detailed technical thesis report. The completed
task should also take into account the significance of real time applications, energy management and the
environmental affects.

Outcomes:
After completing the project work the student should learn the technical procedure of planning,
scheduling and realizing an engineering product and further acquire the skills of technical report writing
and data collection.

Course content:
The student should work in groups to achieve the aforementioned objectives and the outcomes.

LEARNING ASSESSMENT

Distribution and weightage of Marks for all Practical Subjects:

The Assessment of a student’s performance shall be evaluated as suggested below:

For practical subjects there shall be continuous evaluation during the semester for 25
internal marks and 50 marks for end semester examination.

1. Out of 25 internal marks, 15 marks shall be awarded as follows:

 Day to day work 10
 Record-5 and
 10 marks to be awarded by conducting an internal laboratory test
2. The external examination shall be conducted for 50 marks and shall be awarded as
follows:
 Procedure for conducting the experiment – 10 marks
 Viva-voce – 10 marks
 Calculation and result – 30 marks

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