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1.11 Exercises: ME 582 Finite Element Analysis in Thermofluids

This document contains exercises related to finite element analysis in thermofluids. It includes questions about continuum assumptions and when they break down, axisymmetric versus planar flow assumptions, variations in fluid properties with temperature and pressure, ideal gas assumptions, distinctions between thermodynamic and mechanical pressures, Stokes' hypothesis, and the Boussinesq approximation. References on numerical methods, computational fluid dynamics, and viscous fluid flow are also provided.

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205 views1 page

1.11 Exercises: ME 582 Finite Element Analysis in Thermofluids

This document contains exercises related to finite element analysis in thermofluids. It includes questions about continuum assumptions and when they break down, axisymmetric versus planar flow assumptions, variations in fluid properties with temperature and pressure, ideal gas assumptions, distinctions between thermodynamic and mechanical pressures, Stokes' hypothesis, and the Boussinesq approximation. References on numerical methods, computational fluid dynamics, and viscous fluid flow are also provided.

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ME 582 Finite Element Analysis in Thermofluids

1.11 Exercises

E-1.1. In this course fluids are treated as continuum. Define continuum. What is its relation with the
nondimensional Knudsen number? Give engineering examples for which it is no longer is valid. Which
equations need to be solved when continuum does not hold? What are "slip" and "temperature
jump" boundary conditions? What are the popular numerical techniques specifically used to simulate
non-continuum flows?

E-1.2. What is the axisymmetric flow assumption? How is it different than the 2D planar flow
assumption? Provide examples of engineering problems involving axisymmetric fluid flow and/or
heat transfer.

E-1.3. Fluid properties such as kinematic viscosity and thermal conductivity are commonly assumed
to be constant. However, in general they are known to be functions of pressure and temperature.
How do these two properties change with temperature (at standard atmospheric pressure) for the
most common fluids air and water? What about their change with pressure at 20 oC? Provide your
results as figures.

E-1.4. What is the physical simplification behind the ideal gas assumption? Under which conditions
does it hold nicely and under which conditions do fluids show non-ideal behavior?

E-1.5. In fluid mechanics it is possible to define two different pressures; thermodynamic and
mechanical. How are they defined for incompressible and compressible flows? What is the role of
Stoke's hypothesis in their relation?

E-1.6. What is the Boussinesq approximation mentioned in Section 1.4?

References

[1] F. M. White, Viscous Fluid Flow, 2nd ed., McGraw-Hill, 1991 (QA929 .W48)

[2] J. D. Hoffman, Numerical Methods for Engineers and Scientists, Marcel Dekker, 2001
(QA297 .H588)

[3] K. A. Hoffmann, S. T. Chiang, Computational Fluid Dynamics, Engineering Education System,


2000 (QA911 .H54)

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