Prayer before Class

Dear Lord and Father of all,

Thank you for today. Thank you for ways in which you provide for us all. For Your protection
and love we thank you. Help us to focus our hearts and minds now on what we are about to learn.
Inspire us by Your Holy Spirit as we listen and write. Guide us by your eternal light as we
discover more about the world around us. We ask all this in the name of Jesus. Amen.

Good morning students! Today we are going to discuss about Tourism Sectors and Their
Tourism Impact. .Please read carefully the discussion below. Thank you.

Quarter 1
Intended Learning Outcome
This quarter provides an overview of the Tourism Industry, its different operating sectors,
products, and service. The set of lessons aims to provide a macro-perspective of tourism
referring to it as selling not just a set of products and services, but as entire experience.

Lesson 1
The Tourism Industry Overview
Scope
 Tourism and its Components
 Tourism Impacts: Economic, Socio-Cultural, and Environmental
 Relationship between Tourism and Hospitality Industries
 Career Opportunities in the Tourism and Hospitality Industries
In this module you’re challenge to:
 Define what is Tourism
 Identify the components of a tourism system.
 Identify the tourism impacts: economics, socio-cultural, and environmental.
 Discuss the relationship between tourism and hospitality industries
 Identify career opportunities in the tourism and hospitality industries.
What is Tourism
The United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) defines tourism as a “social,
cultural and economic phenomenon that entails the movement of people to counties or places
outside their usual environment for personal or business/professional purposes. These people are
called visitors (which may either tourist or excursionist, or non-residents) and tourism has to do
with their activities, some of which involve tourism expenditure.
Tourism also defined as time bound, that is, it can take place within 24 hours but should not last
for more than one year, and should not involve receiving any form of remuneration.
Some activities result in “Tourism expenditure.” This means that visitors spend the money
they have brought with them from their origin providing income for the area they visited. The
activities maybe active or passive in nature. The tourist may choose to be adventurous and take
part in all the activities that are offered in the destination or may simply choose to lay back, sit,
and relax. Either way, including all activities ranging in between, these are all parts tourism,
whether the visitors spend or not.
An additional condition for tourism, includes consideration for the “time” aspect. Tourism that
takes place within 24hours indicates that the area for tourism is not far from the visitors’
residence. Visitors or tourist who engage I this type of tourism are called excursionists. The
condition of tourism taking place for not more than one year is directly related to it not being in
the “usual environment.” If one stays for a year or one, he or she then becomes a resident and no
longer a visitors.
Lastly, for it to be consideration tourism, one should not be “compensated “ while in the area
visited. This is often confusing when visitors travel for business, which is normally associated
with earning. Businessmen, often times, have conferences or meetings; after which, they have
free time to engage in tourism activities and spend money.
Non Compensation means that, in the destination, they do not perform physical task for which
they are paid directly.
Travel and Tourism are two terms often loosely interchanged, Often times, the terms are taken
for granted and thought to mean one and the same thing. To differentiate, travel simply means
movement. In the context of the subject matter, travel is the physical transference of person from
one place to another.
Tourism, on the other hand involves traveling, incorporated with all the other features and
conditions. Given this clarification, it is made clearer that travel is only one component of what
contributes to the tourism industry as a whole.

Components of a tourism System

 Inbound

Figure 1.1 The Tourism System

The main elements of a tourism system are already represented in the figure. The tourists
originate rom the Tourist Generating Region (TGR). In the transit Route(TR), travelling goes
both ways; travelling to the chosen Tourist Destination Region (TDR) and returning to the place
of origin after the trip. This framework is not applicable for a single destination trip. It is possible
to have multiple destination regions and this model will still be applicable. It is just that the
direction of travel will always be outward until such time that the tourist or traveler chooses to
return to the place of origin.
One thing evident in this model is the “movement “of the traveler. When the tourist leaves her
or his place origin, travel becomes a constant. This is seen from the moment the tourist is in
transit; when the tourist arrives and moves around at the destination engaging in different
activities; and when the tourist finally travels back home. This model shows the dynamism of the
tourism industry.
Tourism Impact: Economic, Socio- Cultural, and Environmental
Tourism Operates in the physical and human world; Thus, has impact on the lives of the hosts as
well as the physical environment of the destination. Impacts are defined as “actions of one object
coming forcibly into contact with another .”Whether impacts are positive or negative depends
on the value position and judgement of the observer or recipient of such actions. There are three
main impacts in tourism, namely: economic, socio-cultural, and environmental. All three impact
are intertwined in such a way that most of the positive and negative impacts may cross paths
with one another and, when applicable, maybe categorized under more than one another and,
when applicable, may be categorized under more than one type.
Economic Impacts
The economic impacts have to do with the economic benefits and cost of engaging in tourism.
This is where tourism receipts are measured and tourism expenditures are recorded, with the
ultimate goal of the economic gains outweighing the cost of tourism development and
maintenance.
The economic impact include earnings of local communities from employment; sale of souvenir
items; local food produce; delivery of local services such as massages, tour guiding, and tour
escorting; food and beverage services in restaurants; room rentals; entrance fees to sites; and the
like.
Socio-Cultural Impacts
Socio cultural impacts include the gains and losses in the “society” and “culture” of the host
community and the tourist who come for the experience. These impacts have come from two root
words: Sociology, which is the study of people, their attitudes and interactions in a group; and
culture, which encompasses the behavioral patterns, traditions, values, beliefs and morals, laws,
arts, and customs that people have formed throughout generations by being part of society.
Positive Socio-Cultural impact
 Employment for the host which is also economic in nature, but more inclined toward
improvements in the standards of living and how having these finances allow for
better educational opportunities for the children of those who are part of tourism
industry.
 Increased knowledge and appreciation for other cultures.
 Increased awareness about other cultures may lead to more tolerance for differences.
 Inspire a stronger sense of “self” and the preservation of one’s own traditions and
practices for the people of the host community.
Negative Socio-Cultural Impact
 Social crime such as rape, gambling, drugs , excessive drinking, and theft.
 In younger generation among whom traditions and values are not yet s deeply rooted,
there are instances when the old ways are easily given up and their innate culture of the
visitors that frequent popular destination.
 Under employment, which form of employment distortion. (Underemployment means
that one is employed but the employee may be over qualified for the position he or she is
holding.
Environmental Impacts
One of the main reasons for travel and tourism is the allure of the environment of the destination.
Be it natural or manmade, the look the ambiance, and activities a destination provides are mostly
the reasons it is chosen by tourist.
One of the most important gains to the environment when tourism is in place is the raised level
of awareness for preservation and conservation efforts. The creation of sanctuaries for natural
landscaped and fragile marine ecosystems, especially in the practice of ecological tourism- more
popularly known as ecotourism-helps taking better care of the resources available so that not
only does it become sustainable, but it also becomes an educational experience for the locals and
the visitors. Another gain is the provision of infrastructure, especially in far flung, rural areas that
would otherwise have been devoid of any improvements if tourism was not encourage. This
benefits the local as it provides more access.
However, the environmental impacts are those that have most numerous consequences. There is
congestion, overcrowding, pollution, accumulation of garbage, damage to natural landscapes ( as
infrastructures and new buildings are constructed), and intrusion into the natural habitats of
wildlife, to name a few.
Fig, 1.2 The shore of Boracay on quite morning

Fig. 1.3 The shore of Boracay on a regular afternoon with tourist

Relationship Between Tourism and Hospitality Industries

The tourism and Hospitality Industries are often interchange and people have difficulty
differentiating the two. These two industries are very closely-related, but they are not one and the
same. The tourism industry is the bigger of the two. It encompasses all activities of tourists from
the moment they travel out of their usual environment until the time they return to the place
origin. Even the provision of the services to tourist when journeying and availing of various
modes of transportation to their destination is already part of the Tourism Industry.
The largest sector in the Tourism Industries is the Hospitality Industry. The Hospitality Industry
provides the accommodations and food and beverage for the tourist. In other words the, the
Hospitality Industry take care of the most basic needs of tourist for food and shelter. The one
encompassing term of “hospitality” means that it is not limited to hotel and restaurant sector.

Career Opportunities in the Tourism and Hospitality Industries

There are many career paths ane may pursue in these two industries. Though many may seem to
be duplications, thee are some career options in the hospitality industry that may require more
skills that tourism graduates may not be adequately prepared for.
For easier reference, please see the table and picture bellow for some of the jobs one may pursue
after further studies in tourism or hospitality management. This only give an idea of option
available.
Summary
 The tourism industry maybe summarized using the tourism framework of Niel Leiper,
comprised of the Tourist Generating Region (TGR), the transit Route (TR), and the
Tourist Destination Region (TDR).
 Travel is a major component of tourism considering that the globally accepted definition
of tourism, as per the UNTWO, is to travel outside a person’s usual environment for
purposes of leisure, business, or others for a period of less than one consecutive year
without remuneration.
 There are three main tourism impacts, namely : economic socio-cultural, and
environmental. These impacts may either be positive or negative.
 The tourism and hospitality industries are interviewed such that hospitality is a major part
of the tourism industry that provides the accommodations sector or the board and lodging
needs of travelers.
 Many may be misled to believe that the scope of the tourism industry is very small
Contrary to these misconceptions, tourism is embedded in many other industries and the
job opportunities available to those who want to pursue career in this industry are
numerous.

Class Activity

Write a one page essay on what career path you want to pursue in the tourism and
hospitality industry, and why?

Post Test
I. Determine whether the statement is true or false. Write T for true and F for false
on the space provided.
________1. All tourism activities have impacts
________2. The tourist Generating Region is the place of origin
________3.A Socio-Cultural impact affect only the host community or the people in
place visited.
________4. One of the justifying reason for pursuing tourism is the potential positive
economic impact of the activities.
_______5. The hospitality industry operates separately from the tourism industry.
II. Matching Type: at the end of each statement, wite the letter that corresponds
with the correct answer.
A B C D E
Economic Environmental Socio-cultural Tourist Transit Route
Impact Impact Impact Destination
Region

6. better educational opportunities for children of employees

7. Travelling to tourist generating region
8. employment
9. Preservation efforts for marine ecosystems
10. the place where the tourist wants to go.