AP US History

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Period 3:​1754-1800

Big picture context: british imperial attempts to reassert control over its colonies and the colonial
reaction to these attempts produced a new american republic along with struggles over the new
nations social political and economic identity.
- Salutary neglect- england dealt with its own domestic issues
- Navigation acts- an attempt to control colonial trade by the british *failed* bc they were
too hard to enforce from england and merchants ignored them.
- Colonies build their own governments ( virginia house of burgesses)
- All colonies on their own, not united
- South grows tobacco, north manufacturing/ trade
- British mercantilism wanted colonies for its own good
3.1: the american revolution

French and indian war/ seven year war: british, colonists and native allies ​(iroquois​) vs french,
colonists, native allies (a lot of them)

causes :
- Ohio river valley was very prized, many rivers to trade, native americans the british can
ally with to trade just like the french
- british want to expand
- More land= more tobacco farming= better economy.
Effects:
- Alliance between states 7/13 to discuss how to defend against french and indians=
albany congress 1754​* failed because colonies were too selfish and didn’t want to
donate money or help other colonies. ​An alliance was made with the help of
benjamin franklin with the iroquois confederacy.
- Albany plan of union​= join or die, britain isn't part of it. First time the colonies unite.
Even though it failed.
- British defeat french, treaty of paris ends war.
- British gain new territory
- Native americans rebel: ​pontiac's rebellion
- ^ led to the ​proclamation of 1763 ​which BANNED colonists from settling west of
Appalachian mountains in order to prevent conflict with natives.
- Colonists got very mad, asked why did we fight the war if we can’t even settle on the
land??
- Native americans fought with colonists on the frontier ex: ​The Paxton boys- ​scots irish
who massacred indians on the frontier and demanded that the government provide
better protections for them.
Views after war:
british : low opinion of colonies, can’t defend themselves, military was not strong
Colonial: very proud of self, they were able to fight on their own, they believed they were very
strong
Long term causes of american revolution:
- Enlightenment:​ humans should turn to reason rather than faith. All humans have the
right to happiness. Society should protect human natural rights of liberty, property, and
life. John locke: talks about natural rights and how people should rebel until those rights
are protected→ inspires colonists to fight since their rights were not protected.
- Salutary neglect​: Britain and colonists had no interaction earlier in history. Vast ocean
made it hard to communicate→led to colonies developing their own culture/society.
Britain had a hands off approach to colonies. Cause: english civil war, other conflicts in
england
- French and indian war:​ victory increased tensions between french and british. British got
in ALOT OF DEBT which meant they had to tax the colonies after not interacting with
them for so long ( salutary neglect). Strained relationship between colonies and
motherland.
- Year 1763:​ ended salutary neglect and invited a HANDS ON approach by the british
toward the 13 colonies. Marked the start of acts/ taxes.
Acts:
I. Sugar act 1764- ​on merchants, to offset war debt, inc tax on imported sugar, textiles,
coffee, wines. Colonists: boycott.
II. Quartering act 1765- ​colonists had to allow british troops to live in their home and feed
them. Colonists: boston massacre.
III. Stamp act 1765-​ A DIRECT TAX on written documents, newspapers ect. Colonists:
stamp act congress(​ british respond by saying that parliament represented colonists
but colonists couldn't vote for parliament??), protests, boycott, leads to repeal by george
the third
IV. Declaratory acts 1766- ​right after the stamp act war repealed, british parliament
asserted that they had the sole and exclusive right to tax the colonists in all cases
whatsoever which meant they​ ignored the colonists no taxation without
representation argument​. Colonists: form the 1st continental congress
V. Townshend acts 1767- ​import taxes for the colonists products made in britain,
parliament repeals after realizing how strict it is, but keep the one on tea. Colonists:
boston tea party. British give rights for the british troops to search homes for any
smuggled goods ( writs of assistance)
VI. Coercive acts/ intolerable 1774​: britain shuts all ports in boston, cant trade till you pay
for the tea.
Short term causes:
- Boston massacre 1770-​ british troops kill 5 colonists in a mob who were harassing and
taunting british troops. Crispus attucks- former slave, an icon for anti slavery, used him
for propaganda.
- The gaspee 1772- ​british ship that caught smugglers, a group of colonists disguised
themselves as indians and set fire to the ship
- Boston tea party 1773: ​protest against british monopoly on tea, colonists dressed up as
indians and dumped tea in boston harbor. British tea was cheaper than the smuggled
tea but colonists were fighting the british control, not the tea tax itself. ​LED TO THE
PASSING OF THE INTOLERABLE ACTS BRITAIN HAS HAD ENOUGH
- Quebec act 1774:​ law organizing canadian lands gained from france, roman catholic
becomes official religion in quebec, gov. Has no representation. Colonists viewed this
act as an attack on american colonies because it took land away from colonies and
threatened their democracy.
- Rosie the Riveter- woman who became the symbol for the publicity campaign that was
launched by the government to draw women into traditional male jobs during the war
- Japanese-American Internment (1942) - FDR authorized the removal of “enemy aliens”
from military areas. over 110,00 Japanese Americans living in the western U.S. were
moved to internment camps
- Korematsu v. United States-​ the Supreme Court case broadly dealt with a challenge to
the Japanese internment camps during World War II. the Supreme Court upheld the
Government’s right to engage in this action for similar reasons used in the ruling for the
Schenck case during World War I
- Yalta conference-​ the most historic of the three meetings. after victory in Europe was
achieved, Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin agreed that : Germany would be divided into
occupation zones. there would be free elections in the liberated countries of Eastern
Europe (even though Soviet troops controlled this territory). the Soviets would enter the
war against Japan, which they did on August 8, 1945. a new world peace organization
(the future United Nations) would be formed at a conference in San Francisco
- Potsdam, July 1945 ​- agreed to demand that Japan surrender unconditionally, and to
hold war-crime trials of Nazi leaders
ALL DONE!! GOOD LUCK

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