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Engineering

The document summarizes the second lecture of a course on digital electronic circuits. It discusses using transistors as switches, which can be used to generate NOT logic or inverters. The lecture will cover the input-output characteristics of transistors as switches, including important parameters like noise margin, transition width, logic swing and fanout. It provides an example circuit of a transistor-based inverter using an NPN bipolar junction transistor, and explains how the output voltage is determined based on whether the transistor is on or off.

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ameya1981
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66 views2 pages

Engineering

The document summarizes the second lecture of a course on digital electronic circuits. It discusses using transistors as switches, which can be used to generate NOT logic or inverters. The lecture will cover the input-output characteristics of transistors as switches, including important parameters like noise margin, transition width, logic swing and fanout. It provides an example circuit of a transistor-based inverter using an NPN bipolar junction transistor, and explains how the output voltage is determined based on whether the transistor is on or off.

Uploaded by

ameya1981
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Digital Electronic Circuits

Prof. Goutam Saha


Department of E & EC Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur

Lecture – 02
Transistor as a Switch

Hello everybody, we move to lecture 2 of this particular course. In lecture 1, that is in the
previous lecture, we had seen why digital technology is important, what constitutes digital
technology, the importance of switching, association of switching with logic relation and use
of diode as a switch. So, this is what we had seen earlier. And in that discussion we had seen
that diode as a switch can be used for developing AND and OR logic - ok. We left ourselves
with a question that whether you can get an inverter logic or NOT logic using diode which
we found that from our common understanding it is not possible, but transistors can be used
for generating NOT logic or inverter - ok.

(Refer Slide Time: 01:11)

So, in today’s lecture we shall cover Transistor as a switch. So, we shall look at its input
output characteristics and some important parameters like noise margin, transition width,
logic swing and fanout.
(​Refer Slide Time: 01:27)

So, we start with a basic circuit of a very simple circuit of transistor based inverters. So,
what we see in the left hand side of the slide is a circuit where we see this is an NPN
transistor bipolar junction transistor, this is the base, this is the collector and this is the
emitter - ok. So, this collector is connected through this R​C to power supply, the V​CC a
positive power supply, we considered 5 volt here. And, the base is connected to an input
voltage V​in through a resistance which is R​B​, this resistance R ​B​; this is collector resistance
R​C​ - ok.
And output is taken from collector C - right. So, this is the basic configuration which we
shall examine. Now if you look at this circuit and we try to plot V​in versus V​out​, V​in versus
V​ou​t - ok. So, this side this x axis is V​in​, independent variable along the x axis; y axis is the
dependent variable V​out​. So, how this circuit will work right in the beginning when V​in is 0
ok. So, the transistor is in off state. So, at that time what will be the output? See this
transistor - this transistor is off, no current is, no I​C current is flowing, no collector current is
flowing.

So, collector current: that I​C into R​C this drop V​CC minus I​C​R​C that is your V​out​, this is your
V​out​ - ok.
V​out​ = V​CC​ - I​C​R​C

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