BIO-PLASTIC

(GENERATING PLASTIC FROM BANANA PEELS)

Prof.Manasi Ghamande1, Aaditya Kulkarni2 ,

ABSTRACT
The research work on synthesis of bio plastic material by using banana peels. Bio plastic prepared using the
banana peels serve as potential alternative to the conventional plastic material. Making bio plastic from banana
peels instead of traditional petroleum based plastic is believed to be successful solution to increase efficiency of
plastic industry. The result show that the plastic produced could bear the weight one and half times more than
petroleum plastic.
This report introduces a scientific method to generate bio plastic from banana peels and help to reduce the
pollution.
Keywords- Bioplastic, Banana peels, Bio degradation, Plastic

I INTRODUCTION
Plastic causes environmental pollution because of having non-biodegradable characteristics and they are full of
harmful by-products and chemicals which are released during their break down process. It's been estimated that
400,000 barrels of oil are used each day to make plastic packaging in the world. The oil-based plastics cannot be
rid easily and create landfills or environmental pollution.
Bioplastics can be defined as plastics made of biomass such as banana peels and potato peels. Bio plastic is
plastic made of biodegradable materials such as banana peels, fruit waste etc. They are completely safe and do
not have any harmful chemicals or toxins. Bio plastics can replace petroleum-based plastics and can be made
from vegetable wastes that contain starch.

II MATERIALS REQUIRED
Banana peel, Starch, Glycerol, HCl (Hydrochloric acid), NaOH (sodium Hydroxide), Na2S2O5(Sodium meta
bisulphite), Distilled water

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III EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE

1) Banana peelsconverted into small pieces. Then it was soaked in sodium meta bisulphite (0.2M)
solution for 45 minutes. It is used as antioxidant and preservative. This would increase the
biodegradation period of bioplastic. (fig 1.)
2) Banana peels are boiled in distilled water for about 30 minutes.The water is decanted from the beaker
and the peels are now left to dry on filter paper for about 30 minutes. (fig 2.)
3) After the peels are dried, theyare placed in a beaker and using a hand blender, the peels are pureed
until a uniform paste is formed.
4) 25g banana paste is placed in a beaker 6ml of (0.25 N) HCl is added to this mixture.2ml Glycerol is
added. 0.5 N NaOH is added according to pH desired.
5) The mixture was poured into a Petri dish and put in the oven at 130°C about 30 minutes.(fig 3and fig
4.)

Fig 1. Banana peels soacked in sodium meta bisulphite Fig 2. Banana peels boiled with water

Fig 3. Mixture Heated in Oven Fig 4. Final Product

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IV OBSERVATIONS
[1]Tensile strength-
The tensile strength was measured by using standard machine ASTM. In the absence of starch the tensile
strength is negligible and in the presence of starch its tensile strength increases.
[2]Biodegradation-
The biodegradation period was found to be 7-9 months. After 9 month there was degradation of bio-bag due to
growth of micro-organism.

V ADVANTAGES AND CHALLENGES

VI FUTURE SCOPE
In the future, instead of using banana peels, potato peels would be used for manufacturing the plastic and that is
because this material has more starch and more polymer chains that form the plastic, so as a result it has higher
efficiency than banana peels, as its efficiency is 90% while the efficiency of the banana peels is 80%.
Although potato peels are available as much as banana peels, they weren’t used because they require more time
to dry after getting them out of the oven, as the banana peels require only 1 day, while the potato peels require at
least 4 days to dry.

VII CONCLUSION
The bioplasticfrom banana peels that can be used as packaging or as carry bag. Sodium metabisulphite prevent
growth of micro organism such as bacteria, Glycerol is added to increases its flexibility. The degradation of
bioplastic starts after 3 to 4 months from the date of production.The bioplastic produced through this method
could be substantial and the biodegradable tractability is one of the main challenges in developing bio plastic
material.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We wish to express our sincere gratitude to Honourable Director Prof.R.M.Jalnekar, respected HOD
Prof.C.M.Mahajan and our project guide Prof.M.V.Ghamande.
This project would not have been possible without the help of the institute and the above-mentioned faculty.

REFERENCE
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pp.226-231, 2014.

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Aqueous Chitosan-Amylose Starch Films Plasticized with Polyols”, AAPS PharmSciTech, vol.5, pp.15-20,
2005.
[4] P. Astuti, A. A. Erprihana, “Antimicrobial Edible Film from Banana Peels as Food Packaging”, American
Journal of Oil and Chemical Technologies,vol. 2, pp. 65-70, February 2014
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Chemistry (2011). pp. 84-85. Lytle, Claire Le Guern. "Plastic Pollution". Coastal Care. 2015; Retrieved 19
February.
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