2100726-001 (AF)

®
TOTALFLOW
XSeries Flow Computer

User's Manual
 Copyright Notice
©2002, 2003, 2004 by ABB ,Inc., Totalflow Products, Bartlesville, Oklahoma 74005, U.S.A. All rights
reserved.

This publication is for information only. The contents are subject to change without notice and should not
be construed as a commitment, representation, warranty, or guarantee of any method, product, or device
by Totalflow.

Inquiries regarding this manual should be addressed to ABB, Inc., Totalflow Products, Technical
Communications, 7051 Industrial Blvd., Bartlesville, Oklahoma 74006, U.S.A.
 Table of Contents
Introduction ................................................................................................................. ix
About the Manual ......................................................................................................................... ix
Key Symbols ................................................................................................................................. x
Getting Help .................................................................................................................................. x
Safety Practices and Precautions ................................................................................................. x

Chapter 1 System Description .................................................................................1-1

Overview ....................................................................................................................................1-1
XFC General Specifications .......................................................................................................1-3
XFC-195 Board ..........................................................................................................................1-4
Analog Measurement Unit (AMU) or IMV Specifications ...........................................................1-5
XFC Flow Computer Hardware ................................................................................................1-14
Functions of the XFC ...............................................................................................................1-15
On-board Input/Output (XFC-195 Board).................................................................................1-17
Communication Ports...............................................................................................................1-17
Digital Input ..............................................................................................................................1-18
Digital Output ...........................................................................................................................1-19
Analog Input .............................................................................................................................1-20
Log Period Records .................................................................................................................1-21
Display Function.......................................................................................................................1-22
Sleep Mode ..............................................................................................................................1-22
Status and Alarm Conditions....................................................................................................1-23

Chapter 2 Installation ...............................................................................................2-1

Overview ....................................................................................................................................2-1
Unpacking & Inspection .............................................................................................................2-2
Meter Run Installation Overview ................................................................................................2-2
Pipe Mount Installation...............................................................................................................2-6
Wall Mount Installation .............................................................................................................2-15
Direct Mount Installation for Gas Orifice ..................................................................................2-22
Manifold Input Lines .................................................................................................................2-26
Direct Mount Installation for Pulse Meter .................................................................................2-27
Static Pressure Input Line ........................................................................................................2-31
RTD Probe Installation .............................................................................................................2-32

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Battery Pack Installation .......................................................................................................... 2-35
Solar Panel Installation ............................................................................................................ 2-36
AC Charging Unit Installation................................................................................................... 2-38

Chapter 3 XFC Startup ............................................................................................. 3-1

Laptop Computer running PCCU32 ........................................................................................... 3-2
FS/2 Handheld PCCU................................................................................................................ 3-2
Setting up the XFC.................................................................................................................3-3
Overview .................................................................................................................................... 3-3
Station ID ................................................................................................................................... 3-3
Device ID / Application ID .......................................................................................................... 3-3
Location ..................................................................................................................................... 3-3
Date/Time .................................................................................................................................. 3-4
Security System ......................................................................................................................... 3-4
Configuring the XFC .............................................................................................................. 3-5
Contract Hour ............................................................................................................................ 3-5
Log Period ................................................................................................................................. 3-5
Volume Calculation Period ........................................................................................................ 3-5
Calculation Method .................................................................................................................... 3-5
Super Compressibility Calculation (Fpv).................................................................................... 3-6
Constants................................................................................................................................... 3-8
Alarm Limits ............................................................................................................................... 3-9
Reset Volume ............................................................................................................................ 3-9
Startup XFC .......................................................................................................................... 3-11
Put XFC On Line...................................................................................................................... 3-11
Calibrating the XFC.................................................................................................................. 3-11
Setup RTD ............................................................................................................................... 3-11
Volume Reset .......................................................................................................................... 3-12
XFC Standard Displays ....................................................................................................... 3-13
Program Display ...................................................................................................................... 3-13
Optional Equipment............................................................................................................. 3-15
Key Pad ................................................................................................................................... 3-15
Totalflow Input/Output Modules Overview ............................................................................... 3-19

Chapter 4 Maintenance ............................................................................................ 4-1

Overview .................................................................................................................................... 4-1
Backing up Configuration Files .................................................................................................. 4-2

ii
Changing XFC Clock..................................................................................................................4-3
Replacing XFC Battery Pack......................................................................................................4-4
Replacing the Main Electronic Board (XFC-195) .......................................................................4-9
Replacing Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Board ........................................................................4-10
Replacing AMU ........................................................................................................................4-11
Calibration Overview ................................................................................................................4-14
Checking Static Pressure (SP).................................................................................................4-15
Calibrating Static Pressure (SP) ..............................................................................................4-15
Checking Differential Pressure (DP) ........................................................................................4-16
Calibrating Differential Pressure (DP) ......................................................................................4-16
On-Board I/O Calibration Overview..........................................................................................4-16
Calibrating On-Board Analog Input ..........................................................................................4-17
Calibrating On-Board Pulse and Digital Inputs.........................................................................4-18
Calibrating TFIO Module Analog Outputs ................................................................................4-18
Zero Transducer.......................................................................................................................4-20
Replacing Static Pressure Transducer.....................................................................................4-20

Chapter 5 Troubleshooting ......................................................................................5-1

Overview ....................................................................................................................................5-1
Reset Procedures ......................................................................................................................5-3
Visual Alarm Codes....................................................................................................................5-4
System Troubleshooting ............................................................................................................5-5
Communications Troubleshooting..............................................................................................5-8
Troubleshooting RS-232 Serial Communications ......................................................................5-9
Troubleshooting RS-485 Communications ..............................................................................5-11

Chapter 6 Totalflow® Definitions and Acronyms....................................................6-1

Chapter 7 Drawing & Diagrams ...............................................................................7-1

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 Table of Figures
Figure 1–1 XFC Model 6410, Orifice Meter ...............................................................................1-6
Figure 1–2 XFC Model 6411, Pulse Meter.................................................................................1-7
Figure 1–3 XFC Model 6413 Orifice Meter ................................................................................1-8
Figure 1–4 XFC Model 6414, Pulse Meter.................................................................................1-9
Figure 1–5 XFC Model 6713, Orifice Meter .............................................................................1-10
Figure 1–6 XFC Model 6714, Pulse Meter...............................................................................1-11
Figure 1–7 XFC-195 Board, Complete Overview.....................................................................1-12
Figure 1–8 Liquid Crystal Display and Indicators.....................................................................1-23
Figure 2–1 Bottom View Orifice Flow Computer XFC 6410.......................................................2-3
Figure 2–2 Bottom View Orifice Flow Computer XFC 6413.......................................................2-3
Figure 2–3 Bottom View Orifice Flow Computer XFC 6713.......................................................2-4
Figure 2–4 Bottom View Pulse Flow Computer XFC 6411 ........................................................2-4
Figure 2–5 Bottom View Pulse Flow Computer XFC 6414 ........................................................2-5
Figure 2–6 Bottom View Pulse Flow Computer XFC 6714 ........................................................2-5
Figure 2–7 Typical Pipe Installation for Gas Orifice ...................................................................2-6
Figure 2–8 Typical Pipe Installation for Pulse Meter..................................................................2-7
Figure 2–9 Typical Pipe Saddle Installation ...............................................................................2-8
Figure 2–10 XFC Pipe Mounted.................................................................................................2-8
Figure 2–11 Model XFC 6410, Pipe Mounted W/Discrete Manifold...........................................2-9
Figure 2–12 Model XFC 6411 Pipe Mounted...........................................................................2-10
Figure 2–13 Model XFC 6413, Pipe Mounted W/Discrete Manifold.........................................2-11
Figure 2–14 Model XFC 6414, Pipe Mounted..........................................................................2-12
Figure 2–15 Model XFC 6713, Pipe Mounted..........................................................................2-13
Figure 2–16 Model XFC 6714, Pipe Mounted..........................................................................2-14
Figure 2–17 Model XFC 6410 Wall Mounted ...........................................................................2-16
Figure 2–18 Model XFC 6411 Wall Mounted ...........................................................................2-17
Figure 2–19 Model XFC 6413 Wall Mounted ...........................................................................2-18
Figure 2–20 Model XFC 6414 Wall Mounted ...........................................................................2-19
Figure 2–21 Model XFC 6713 Wall Mounted ...........................................................................2-20
Figure 2–22 Model XFC 6714 Wall Mounted ...........................................................................2-21
Figure 2–23 Model XFC 6410, Direct Mounted with D/A Manifold...........................................2-23
Figure 2–24 Model XFC 6413 Direct Mounted, Instrument Manifold .......................................2-24
Figure 2–25 Model XFC 6713 Direct Mounted.........................................................................2-25

v
Figure 2–26 Flow Computer .................................................................................................... 2-26
Figure 2–27 Model XFC 6411 Direct Mounted ........................................................................ 2-28
Figure 2–28 Model XFC 6414 Direct Mounted ........................................................................ 2-29
Figure 2–29 Model XFC 6714 Direct Mounted ........................................................................ 2-30
Figure 2–30 XFC Static Pressure Input Line ........................................................................... 2-31
Figure 2–31 RTD Probe Wiring................................................................................................ 2-32
Figure 2–32 XFC-195 Board Cutout-Installation...................................................................... 2-34
Figure 2–33 Typical Solar Panel Installation ........................................................................... 2-36
Figure 2–34 Mounting AC Charger .......................................................................................... 2-39
Figure 3–1 XFC 6413 with Optional Key Pad .......................................................................... 3-16
Figure 3–2 XFC 6410 with Optional Key Pad .......................................................................... 3-17
Figure 3–3 Optional Keypad .................................................................................................... 3-18
Figure 3–4 TFIO Module Housing............................................................................................ 3-19
Figure 3–5 XFC 6413/6414 Inside View .................................................................................. 3-20
Figure 3–6 XFC 6713/6714 Inside View .................................................................................. 3-20
Figure 4–1 XFC-195 Board Cutout-Maintenance ...................................................................... 4-5
Figure 4–2 XFC 6410 Component/Cable Locations .................................................................. 4-6
Figure 4–3 XFC 6413 Component/Cable Locations .................................................................. 4-7
Figure 5–4 Flow Computer with Discrete Manifold .................................................................. 4-13
Figure 4–5 Flow Computer with Pulse Meter........................................................................... 4-21
Figure 5–1 XFC-195 Board Cutout-Troubleshooting ................................................................. 5-2
Figure 5–2 Liquid Crystal Display and Indicators ...................................................................... 5-4

vi
 List of Tables
Table 1–1 XFC Family Genealogy .............................................................................................1-2
Table 1–2 XFC-195 Board Identifications, Complete Overview...............................................1-13
Table 1–3 Typical XFC Display Options ..................................................................................1-22
Table 1–4 XFC Status and Alarm Description .........................................................................1-23
Table 2–1 XFC-195 Board Identifications-Installation..............................................................2-35
Table 3–1 Configurable Calculation Factors ..............................................................................3-6
Table 3–2 Fpv Analysis Data .....................................................................................................3-7
Table 3–3 Gas Orifice Constants ...............................................................................................3-8
Table 3–4 Alarm Limits ..............................................................................................................3-9
Table 3–5 XFC Displayed Items ..............................................................................................3-13
Table 4–1 XFC-195 Board Identifications, Maintenance............................................................4-8
Table 4–2 XFC 6410 and 6413 Component Identifications .......................................................4-8
Table 4–3 Calibration Configurable Parameters ......................................................................4-14
Table 5–1 XFC-195 Board Identifiers, Troubleshooting.............................................................5-1
Table 5–2 Visual Alarm Codes...................................................................................................5-5
Table 5–3 Troubleshooting ........................................................................................................5-5
Table 5–4 Troubleshooting RS-232 Serial Communications .....................................................5-9
Table 5–5 Troubleshooting RS-485 Communications .............................................................5-11

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 Introduction
About the Manual

This manual is written to provide an experienced flow meter technician with the requirements necessary
to install, setup and operate a Totalflow X Series Series Flow Computer System.

Organization Each of the chapters in this manual presents information in an organized and
& Style concise manner. Readers are able to look at the headings and get a broad picture of
the content without reading every word. Also, there are overviews at the beginning of
each chapter that provides you with an idea of what is in the chapter, and how it fits
into the overall manual.

Highlights This manual provides the following information:

Chapter Description
1. System Description Provides a description of the Totalflow, X
Series system components, specifications,
and description of flow computer computation
methods.
2. Installation Includes unpacking and detailed procedures
for setup and installation.
3. XFC Startup Provides you with a tutorial on how to get a
newly installed XFC system up and running.
4. Maintenance Provides instructions on how to remove and
replace major modules.
5. Troubleshooting Provides a description of the XFC front panel
error messages and provides a
troubleshooting chart on how to correct most
problems.
6. Definitions and Acronyms Provides quick access to the majority of terms
and acronyms, as well as their definitions.
7. Drawings Provides a place to put drawings that
accompany a unit.

ix
Key Symbols

The following symbols are used frequently in the manual. These are intended to catch your eye and
draw your attention to important information.

Intended to draw your attention to a statement that might clarify a point made
earlier.

Intended to draw your attention to a statement that might keep you from making a
mistake, keep you from destroying equipment or parts, or keep you from personal
injury.

Intended to draw your attention to a fact that may be useful or helpful.

Getting Help

At Totalflow, we take pride in the on going support we provide our customers. When you purchase a
product, you receive documentation which should answer your questions; however, your Totalflow
technical support provides you an 800 number as an added source of information.

If you require assistance, call:

USA: (800) 442-3097 International: 001-918-338-4888

Before You Know your Totalflow’s serial number. Serial numbers can be found on the
Call escutcheon plate located on the side of each unit.

Be prepared to give the customer service representative a detailed description of the

problem.

Note any alarms or messages as they appear on the PCCU or front panel LCD.

Prepare a written description of problem.

Know your software version, board and AMU part numbers.

Safety Practices and Precautions

This manual contains information and warnings which have to be followed by the user to ensure safe
operation and to retain the product in a safe condition.

Safety First WARNING statements identify conditions or practices that could result in personal
injury or loss of life.

CAUTION statements identify conditions or practices that could result in damage to

the equipment or other property.

Symbols in This symbol indicates where applicable safety, cautionary or other

This Manual information is to be found.

Continued on Next Page

x
Safety Practices and Precautions, Continued

Terms Marked DANGER indicates a personal injury hazard immediately accessible as one reads
on Equipment the markings.

CAUTION indicates a personal injury hazard not immediately accessible as one

reads the markings, or a hazard to property, including the equipment itself.

Symbols Protective ground (earth) terminal

Marked on
Equipment
Grounding If a grounding conductor is required, it should be connected to the grounding
the Product terminal before any other connections are made.

Correct Before switching on the power, check that the operating voltage listed on the
Operating equipment agrees with the power being connected to the equipment.
Voltage
Danger A grounding conductor may or may not be required depending on the hazardous
Arising From classification. If required, any interruption of the grounding conductor inside or
Loss of outside the equipment or loose connection of the grounding conductor can result in a
dangerous unit. Intentional interruption of the grounding conductor is not permitted.
Ground
Safe If it is determined that the equipment cannot be operated safety, it should be taken
Equipment out of operation and secured against unintentional usage.

Fuse Fuses used on Model X Series electronic boards are surface mount and field repair
Replacement should not be attempted. Most fuses automatically reset themselves, but if a know
problem exists, the board should be sent in for repair or replacement.

Safety DO NOT open the equipment to perform any adjustments, measurements,

Guidelines maintenance, parts replacement or repairs until all external power supplies have
been disconnected.

Only a properly trained technician should work on any equipment with power still
applied.

When opening covers or removing parts, exercise extreme care "live parts or
connections can be exposed".

Capacitors in the equipment can still be charged even after the unit has been
disconnected from all power supplies.

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 Chapter 1
System Description
Overview
This Chapter introduces you to the Totalflow® X Series Flow Computers (XFC). The X Series are low
power, microprocessor based units designed to meet a wide range of measurement, automation, monitor,
control and alarming applications for remote oil and gas systems of many kinds. Six models of the X
Series are available: Models XFC 6410, XFC 6413 and XFC 6713 are differential (Orifice) meters. Models
XFC 6411, XFC 6414 and XFC 6714 are pulse (Linear) meters.
The models XFC 6410 and XFC 6411 are packaged in a small enclosure and are designed for only the
XFC-195 Board (main electronic board) and a variety of batteries. When using these flow computers,
communication devices can be installed in a separate enclosure, such as the model 6470, if needed. See
Figures 1–1 and 1–2.
The models XFC 6413 and XFC 6414 are packaged in an enclosure that can accommodate the XFC-195
Board, a variety of remote communications devices, batteries, and up to 3 additional I/O modules. These
I/O modules generally provide 8 I/O points per module. See Figures 1–3 and 1–4.
The models XFC 6713 and XFC 6714 that are packaged in an enclosure that can accommodate the XFC-
195 Board, a variety of remote communications options, batteries, and up to 6 additional I/O modules.
See Figures 1–5 and 1–6.
All of the X Series Flow Computers feature single or multi-tube capability, up to 5 per unit (8 tubes per unit
in special cases) with custody transfer measurement features. These flow computers are also quite
flexible and allow you to increase productivity and improve asset utilization. See Table 1–1 for the XFC
Family Genealogy.
The letters XFC stand for Expandable Flow Computer. As their name implies, they are expandable to
meet your needs, while maintaining backward compatibility with legacy Totalflow systems.
Highlights This Chapter covers the following topics:
Topic See Page
XFC General Specifications 1-3
XFC-195 Board 1-4
Analog Measurement Unit (AMU) or IMV Specifications 1-5
XFC Flow Computer Hardware 1-14
Functions of the XFC 1-15
On-board Input/Output (XFC-195 Board) 1-17
Communication Ports 1-17
Digital Input 1-18
Digital Output 1-19
Analog Input 1-20
Log Period Records 1-21
Display Function 1-22
Sleep Mode 1-22
Status and Alarm Conditions 1-23

Continued on Next Page

1-1
Overview, Continued

The XFC maintains a history of alarms as well as average differential pressure (DP),
average static pressure (SP), average flowing temperature (Tf), accumulated volume
and energy. Additionally, for Differential Meters an average extension is maintained
while for Pulse (linear) Meters an uncorrected volume accumulator is maintained.

The Orifice (differential) XFC can be programmed to calculate flow rates and
volumes in accordance with either AGA 3-85, AGA 3-92, or additional flow
calculations methods available on request such as; ISO5167, Liquid, Vcone,
FloNozzle, etc.

The Pulse (linear) XFC can be programmed to calculate flow rates and volumes in
accordance with AGA 7.

Supercompressibility calculations can be performed in accordance with either NX-19

or AGA 8-92, gross or detail.

Capabilities The XFC defaults to retention of daily and log period records for 40 days and
retention of 200 events. These defaults can be extended, limited only by the file
space on the device.

All models may be used in conjunction with the handheld FS/2 and/or a laptop
computer running PCCU32 software. The FS/2 can do the basic setup parameters,
but PCCU32 is required for many of the advanced features of the X Series devices.

Models XFC 6410 and XFC 6411 perform the basic functions and include additional
I/O as provided on the Main Electronic Board (XFC-195).

Models XFC 6413 and XFC 6414 perform these same basic functions and
additionally have the option for three TFIO modules.

Models XFC 6713 and XFC 6714 perform these same basic functions and
additionally have the option for six TFIO modules.

Table 1–1 XFC Family Genealogy

Max. Max.
XFC XFC-195 Orifice Pulse Battery Communication TFIO
Model Board Meter Meter Capacity Equipment Modules
6410 ● ● 26AH N/A N/A
6411 ● ● 26AH N/A N/A
6413 ● ● 26AH Yes 3
6414 ● ● 26AH Yes 3
6713 ● ● 42AH Yes 6
6714 ● ● 42AH Yes 6

1-2
XFC General Specifications

Dimensions XFC Model Width Height Depth

6410 10.00” (254.00mm) 13.80” (350.72mm) 9.37” (237.99mm)
6411 10.00” (254.00mm) 12.15” (308.56mm) 9.37” (237.99mm)
6413 12.55” (318.77mm) 18.31” (465.07mm) 10.27” (260.86mm)
6414 12.55” (318.77mm) 16.65” (422.91mm) 10.27” (260.86mm)
6713 15.10” (383.54mm) 22.31” (566.67mm) 13.83” (351.28mm)
6714 15.10” (383.54mm) 20.64” (524.26mm) 13.83” (351.28mm)

Installed XFC Model Pipe Mounted Wall Mounted

Depth 6410/6411 10.68” (271.27mm) 10.12” (257.05mm)
6413/6414 11.58” (294.13mm) 11.02” (279.91mm)
6713/6714 14.56” (369.82mm) 14.00 (355.60mm)

Weight XFC Model Pounds Kilograms

(w/o battery) 6410 13.5 5.04
6411 11.5 4.29
6413 17.9 6.68
6414 15.9 5.93
6713 29.0 10.82
6714 27.0 10.08
Humidity 0-95% Non-condensing
Mounting Wall, pipe or direct
Oper. Temp. -40°F to 185°F (-40°C to 85°C)
Certifications Please see Product Data Sheets:
& EMC Req. Differential Flow Computer Part No. 2101101-001
Linear Flow Computer Part No. 2101102-001

1-3
XFC-195 Board

Power Battery 12 VDC

External Power SWVBAT: 1 fused with 2.5 amp PTC
VBAT: 1 fused with 2.5 amp PTC
Charger Solar or 16-18 VDC
Memory • Data stored in 512K SRAM. RAM memory has lithium backup battery.
• Applications programs stored in 512K Flash.
• Flash loader stored in 512K PROM
• Registry and Configuration files stored in 16/32K E2PROM
• Transducer factory calibration data stored in separate E2PROM
Comm Ports 3 Ports Available: 1 - dedicated - PCCU
2 - RS232 or RS485 (via plug-in modules)
Microprocessor High integration microcontroller with 20 bit address bus (1M), operating at 11 MHz
Analog Inputs 2 (0-5 VDC)
Digital Inputs 2 (State Change or Pulse to 10 kHz) operating at a 50% duty cycle
with (Selectable De-bounce enabled 100 Hz)
Digital Outputs 2 FETs, sink = 2.5 Amp Max.Open Drain PTC, with 1500 W Transient protection
I/O Module Dedicated I2C Serial I/O Bus for TFIO Modules
Interface
Keypad Dedicated interface for Optional Keypad Equipment
Interface
LCD Interface Dedicated interface for Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)
Security Switch On/Off Bi-level on-board Security (See Chapter 3 for details)
I/O Scan Rate 1 time per second
Time Base ± 7.5 ppm (parts per million)
Stability
Pulse Input Up to 20 KHz (Linear flow meter only)
Bandwidth

1-4
Analog Measurement Unit (AMU) or IMV Specifications

Multivariable Unit
Temperature Compensated -20 to 140°F (-29 to 60°C)
Limits Operational -40 to 185°F (-40 to 85°C)
Storage -40 to 185°F (-40 to 85°C)

Analog to Digital • 18 Bit Maximum Resolution (0.00038% FS)

Resolution • 18 Bit Nominal Resolution (0.0015% FS)

Vibration 1.5 INW per G (2G maximum) at 1 Hz,

Performance decreasing to zero at 1KHz in straight line mode.

Mounting Change from perpendicular (front to back/around X-axis) will be ≤1.5 INW (Can
Specification be corrected with calibration)

Temperature
Operating Range -80°F to 230°F (-62°C to 110°C)

Accuracy ± 1°F (0.56°C) over operating range

Static Pressure
Accuracy • Includes the effects of linearity, hysteresis and repeatability
• Standard Accuracy: <= ±0.2% of URL (Upper Range Limit)
• Optional Accuracy: <= ±0.05% URL
Ambient Temp. • ± 0.15% of URL (per 160°F, 71°C)
Effect • ± 0.125% of Reading

Stability ± 0.1% of URL for 12 months

Differential Pressure (Differentical Flow Computers only)

Accuracy • Includes the effects of linearity, hysteresis and repeatability
• Standard Accuracy: <= ±0.2% of URL (Upper Range Limit)
• Optional Accuracy: <= ±0.05% URL
Ambient Temp. • ± 0.15% of URL (per 160°F, 71°C)
Effect • ± 0.125% of Reading

Stability ± 0.1% of URL for 12 months

Static Pressure DP Zero per 1500 psi: ± 0.03% of Calibrated Span

Effect DP Span per 1500 psi: ± 0.05% of URL

1-5
1-6
PCCU CONN

(10.00)
(9.37)
(8.57)

XFC 6410

9.37

HOLES FOR .50 NPT

CORD CONN (Ø.875) (1.69)
(3.90)
10 REQD

(4.28) (5.20)

Figure 1–1 XFC Model 6410, Orifice Meter

 HOLES FOR .75 NPT
CORD CONN (Ø1.06) PCCU CONN
4 REQD
(10.00)

(8.57)
(9.37)

XFC 6411

HOLES FOR .50 NPT

CORD CONN (Ø.875)
3 REQD

Figure 1–2 XFC Model 6411, Pulse Meter

1-7
1-8
(12.55)

(10.269)

(11.52)
XFC 6413

(14.81)

(18.31)

(3.50 MAX)

(3.75)
(5.76)
(6.65)

Figure 1–3 XFC Model 6413 Orifice Meter

 HOLES FOR .75 NPT
CORD CONN (Ø1.06)
2 REQD PCCU CONN

(12.55)

(10.269) (11.52)

XFC 6414

(14.81)
(16.65)

(14.00)
.250-18 NPT
HOLES FOR .50 NPT
CORD CONN (Ø.875)
2 REQD

Figure 1–4 XFC Model 6414, Pulse Meter

1-9
1-10
X FC 6713

Figure 1–5 XFC Model 6713, Orifice Meter

 X FC 6714

Figure 1–6 XFC Model 6714, Pulse Meter

1-11
 • • •
• • •
• • •
• • •
• •
• • •
• •
• • •
• •
• •
• •
• • •
• • •
• • •
• •
• • • •

Figure 1–7 XFC-195 Board, Complete Overview

1-12
Table 1–2 XFC-195 Board Identifications, Complete Overview
ID Number Description

1 RDRIVE: SRAM (Lithium backed)

2 Flash Program Memory
3 Prom Loader and Utilities Memory
4 Factory Maintenance Interface
5 Keypad Connector
6 Security Switch
7 Lithium Battery
8 Battery Cover
9 Battery Mounting Bracket
10 Memory Backup Enable/Disable
11 AMU Interface
12 Analog Input Connectors
13 RTD Connectors
14 Pulse Input and Digital Output Connectors
15 Remote Communications Connectors
16 Remote Comm 2: RS-485 Termination Jumper
17 Remote Comm 2: Module Plug-in
18 Remote Comm 1: RS-485 Termination Jumper
19 Remote Comm 1: Module Plug-in
20 External Charger
21 Battery Connection
22 I/O Module Interface
23 LCD Display Interface
24 PCCU Interface
25 SDRIVE: 16/32 K E2Prom for Registry and Configuration Files

1-13
XFC Flow Computer Hardware

The Totalflow® X Series Flow Computer Models XFC 6410, XFC 6411, XFC 6413, XFC 6414, XFC
6713 and XFC 6714 are housed in a lightweight two-compartment aluminum case. With the exception of
the size of the cases the X Series Models use identical components, which are:
• Enclosure
• XFC-195 Board (See Figure1–7)
• Analog Measuring Unit (6410, 6413, 6713 only)
• Battery Compartment
• Communication Compartments (6413, 6414, 6713 and 6714 only)
• Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)
• Charger or Solar Panel
• Resistive Temperature Detector (RTD)
• Optional Modular I/O
• Optional Keypad
Enclosure The enclosure consists of hinged-door box. The door provides a watertight,
corrosion resistant seal between the outside elements and the XFC components. It
is NEMA 4X rated. Opening the door’s latch(s) allows access to electronics,
battery and Analog Measurement Unit (AMU/IMV) components.

XFC-195 Board The XFC-195 Board is mounted on the inside of the door. All XFC input and output
connections are made with Phoenix style snap-in connector terminals mounted
directly on the board. The XFC-195 Board uses a low power processor running at
11.0592 MHz with Data stored in 512K SRAM. RAM memory has lithium backup
battery. The applications programs stored in 512K Flash, the flash loader stored in
512 K PROM, and Registry and Configuration files stored in 16K E2PROM. Other
circuitry processes the inputs from the Analog Measuring Unit and provides
interfaces to the LCD and the PCCU. Remote communications are handled by the
RS232 and RS485 communication modules that plug directly into the XFC-195
Board. See Figure 1–7.

Analog The AMU contains circuitry for processing all analog measurements and provides
Measurement the primary measurement capability for the XFC. The unit is designed to provide
Unit (AMU) EMI/RFI protection of the low level signals, and to protect the circuitry from other
environmental effects. The AMU contains a single circuit board which contains the
analog to digital converter and analog conditioning circuitry necessary for the
AMUs, the RTD and two general purpose Analog Inputs.

Because the AMU is characterized over temperature at the factory the unit is not
field repairable. All repairs should be done at an authorized Totalflow depot service
center or returned to the factory. The AMU is characterized over temperature so
that any changes occurring in the AMU or in the electronics can be compensated.

For the purpose of clarity, the AMU acts as a multivariable transducer (includes a
Static Pressure cell, a Differential cell and RTD input) and an AMU. In this manual,
we reference the AMU when speaking generally. In the Input/Output chapter, we
will discuss the AMU as a separate entity.

Continued on Next Page

1-14
XFC Flow Computer Hardware, Continued

Battery The battery compartment houses the various optional battery packs that are
Compartment available for the XFC; from 8 ampere hours up to 26 ampere hours. Installation of
the battery requires only removing the battery plate, placing the battery in place,
and connecting the battery cable to the XFC-195 Board. This is discussed in detail
in Chapter 5-Maintenance.
Communication Models XFC 6413 and XFC 6414, provide an enclosure to house a remote
Compartment communication device; transceiver, cellular phone, etc.

Modular I/O The hardware functionality of the X Series flow computers can be extended by
using modular I/O packaged in DIN mount enclosures.
Solar Panel The XFC can be configured for a 10-Watt, 20-Watt or 30-Watt solar panel. The
panel is designed to be mounted on 2-inch extension pipe above XFC or mounted
to the meter house.
Resistive An optional 100-ohm platinum RTD measures real-time flowing temperature of the
Temperature gas. The standard RTD is provided with a 10-foot cable. Other lengths of cable are
Detector (RTD) available upon request.

Functions of the XFC

Functions of the XFC reflect a design that is practical, straight-forward and efficient. The XFC is simple
to use and easy to learn - and it saves time usually spent on calculations and report preparation. The
XFC allows you to perform the following with minimum effort, maximum speed and greater accuracy.

Complete log period flow and operational records reported (hourly, default) including -
• Average static pressure
• Average differential pressure
• Average flowing temperature
• Corrected volume total
• Corrected energy total
• Operating status and alarms
Complete daily flow records including -
• Average static pressure
• Average differential pressure
• Average flowing temperature
• Average Extension
• Corrected volume total
• Corrected energy total
• Operating status and alarms
Complete daily operation statistics including -
• Percent flowing time
• Percent back flow time
• Percent out of limits (programmable) on SP, DP, Tf and Flow Rate
• Minimum and maximum values for SP, DP, Tf and Flow Rate

Continued on Next Page

1-15
Functions of the XFC, Continued

XFC The records and statistics generated are due to the following capabilities of the
Capabilities XFC:
• Calculation of flow rates, volume and coefficients per AGA-3, AGA-8
supercompressibility standards
Dp* Sp
• Calculation of flow extension once per second
Tf
• Extrapolation of flow accumulation during AMU calibration
• Selection of all coefficients for calculation; calculation of dynamic factors
(dependent upon DP, SP and Tf) using averages based on one second
samples
• Sample set of most recent calculations allowing subsequent verification
• Monitoring of the operational limits, minimums and maximums to insure
detection and reporting of malfunctions or abnormal site conditions
• Acceptance and storage of system constants from the PCCU or remote
communications protocols.
• Storage of data records and operational events determined by user (based on
available SRAM)
Additional Additional features of the Totalflow System enabling its flexibility include the
Features following:

• Programmable differential pressure zero cutoff

• Two digital outputs
• Programmable bi-level security codes to prevent unauthorized communication
and configuration of the XFC.
• Two state inputs configurable as either digital inputs or high speed pulse
accumulator inputs.
• Automatic temperature compensation of electronic measurement circuitry
• Automatic internal calibration of the RTD, with programmable bias adjustment
• Quick, simple calibration procedures for AMU with steps outlined.
• Real time clock providing a highly stable time base for the system
• Battery operation period is determined by the size of battery, location of unit
and power consumption for communications and I/O. Totalflow Project
Engineers can configure your requirements and select the appropriate
battery. Battery packs to extend operation for longer periods without power
are available.
• Three available charging sources -
External solar panel (standard)
External AC/DC power
External 24/12 VDC power

Continued on Next Page

1-16
Functions of the XFC, Continued

Additional • LCD (liquid crystal display) programmable to allow monitoring of the XFC
Features, Cont. operations and any variable that has a Register (for example, displays voltage
level of batteries in XFC)
• Rugged, aluminum, powder coated, NEMA 4X enclosure, lockable to prevent
internal access.
• Optional ability to allow rapid data collection over several communication
links.
• 3 Comm ports are available on the XFC-195 Board: dedicated Local and
Remote Comm 1 and Comm 2
• Additional I/O for communications, control, monitoring and alarming functions,
such as valve control, plunger lift, pressure, level monitoring, remote
communication ports, etc.

On-board Input/Output (XFC-195 Board)

Totalflow's X Series Flow Computers continue to be backward compatible with the same base I/O as
earlier models but enhanced to include:
• AMU Interface: 1 SP, 1 DP, 1TF
• External Charger
• 2 User A/I's
• 2 User D/O's
• 2 User D/I’s or 2 User High Speed P/I’s
• 2 RS232 or 485 Comm Ports
• Interface for TFIO Modules
The Main Electronic Board (XFC-195 Board) is an enhanced replacement for previous versions of the
FCU Main Electronic Board (see Figure4–1). In the next few pages, you will see the specifications for
Digital/Pulse Input, Digital Output and Analog Input. To see a complete overview of the XFC-195 Board,
see Figure1–7.

Communication Ports

You have the ability to program up to two communication ports on the XFC-195 Board. Normally COMM
0 is the local port required for reading the XFC with a laptop computer running PCCU32. COMM 1 and
COMM 2 can be configured for any combination of RS 232 or RS 485. See Figure 4–1 for On-Board
Communication Ports.

1-17
Digital Input

The Totalflow XFC provides two digital/pulse inputs as a means to monitor external equipment.

When connecting or disconnecting any wires to the XFC-195 Board, you should
remove all power sources and make sure that you are grounded properly.

Digital Input The Digital Input reads an external contact. This is primarily used as a status input
to read external equipment. This contact must be closed to be considered “ON”.
The “ON” condition is recorded in the log period alarms and can trigger the action
of the flow computer’s digital voltage (12 Vdc) output. “OFF” is defined as an open
contact. Selectable de-bounce may be enabled or disabled within PCCU32. See
the Help Files for additional information.

Electrical • Open circuit voltage: 5VDC (Internally pulled up to 5VDC Nom.)

Specification • Short circuit leakage current: -395uA typical.
(each point): • Input capacitance: 0.1 ufd typical.
• Maximum allowable voltage range on input -0.5VDC to 15VDC.
• Maximum frequency input 100Hz @ 50% duty cycle with de-bounce enabled.
• Maximum frequency input 10KHz @ 50% duty cycle with de-bounce disabled.
Input • Dry Contact, Open Collector or Active Voltage.
Specification • Minimum contact resistance to activate input 1000Ω.
• Maximum voltage to deactivate the input: 3.1V (referenced to GND terminal.)
• Minimum voltage to activate the input: 0.5V (referenced to GND terminal.)
• Conductor pairs must be shielded to prevent spurious signals.
Typical Point +5
10K

Schematic INPUT SENSE

SIG
1K
.1UF

DEBOUNCE SELECT

GND

Example POINT CONNECTIONS

+5
10K
Connections
SIG SIG SIG SIG INPUT SENSE
1K
.1UF

OPTO
NPN SWITCH
COUPLER
DEBOUNCE SELECT

GND GND GND GND

OR OR

TYPICAL VOLTAGE INPUT FIELD

FIELD DEVICE +5
15 VDC MAX. 10K

3.1 VDC
SIGNAL
OUTPUT
SIG SIG INPUT SENSE
0.5 VDC 1K
.1UF
-0.5 VDC MIN.

DEBOUNCE SELECT
COMMON (GND) GND GND

1-18
Digital Output

The Totalflow XFC provides two digital (12V dc) outputs as a means to control external equipment.

When connecting or disconnecting any wires to the XFC-195 Board, you should
remove all power sources and make sure that you are grounded properly.

Outputs When the digital output is used as a measurement device; AGA3, AGA7 or Liquid
Measurement, the following outputs can be set when the following conditions occur:
• Differential pressure over high limit • Volume Set point
• Differential Pressure under low limit • Flow Temperature Low
• Static Pressure over high limit • Flow Temperature High
• Static Pressure under low limit • Flow Rate Low
• Low Charger voltage • Flow Rate High
• Remote Sense is On • Trip on Digital Input
• Custom programmable by Totalflow or user programmable with IEC 1131
programming language.
Electrical • Open circuit voltage: 0VDC
Specification • Short circuit leakage current: 0uA typical.
(each point): • Output capacitance: 1000pF typical.
• Maximum allowable voltage range on output: - 0.5VDC to
26.5VDC.
Input • Open Drain FET type
Specification • "ON" Resistance: 0.1Ω Typical (Including PTC fuse resistance)
• Maximum pulse current: 3A for 5 seconds.
• Maximum continuous sink current: 2A.
Typical Point SIG
Schematic 2.5A

24V

OUTPUT CONTROL

GND

Example TYPICAL SINK OUTPUT FIELD WIRING

Connections
BATTERY (+) OR POWER LOAD SIG SIG
POSITIVE TERMINAL (24 VDC MAX)
2.5A
SOURCE

24V

OUTPUT CONTROL
BATTERY (-) OR POWER
COMMON OR GND SOURCE
TERMINAL
GND GND

1-19
Analog Input

The Totalflow XFC provides two analog inputs as a means of receiving data represented by
continuously varying voltage/current.

When connecting or disconnecting any wires to the XFC-195 Board, you should
remove all power sources and make sure that you are grounded properly.

Electrical • Open circuit voltage: 0VDC

Specification • Short circuit leakage current: 0uA typical.
(each point): • Input Impedance: 21KΩ typical (0-7.5V)
• Measurable input voltage range: -0.5V to 7.5V.
• Maximum voltage on input: 30VDC
Typical Point SIG (+)
Schematic
Overvoltage
Protection SIG TO AMU
Network

GND

Example TYPICAL VOLTAGE ANALOG INPUT FIELD WIRING

Connections
SIGNAL
OUTPUT SIG (+) SIG (+)

Overvoltage
FIELD Protection SIG TO AMU
DEVICE Network

COMMON (GND)
GND GND

TYPICAL 2 WIRE 4--20mA FIELD DEVICE WIRING

POWER SOURCE POS. TERM. (+) XMTR(-) SIG SIG (+)

FIELD DEVICE
Overvoltage
Protection SIG TO AMU
250 OHM Network
POWER SOURCE COMMON USER INSTALLED
OR GND TERMINAL

GND GND

1-20
Log Period Records

Each record has entries that contain the following information:

• Average SP (static Pressure)
• Average DP (differential pressure)
• Average Ft (flow temperature)
• Calculated Volume
Log Period Log period data entries are made every 60 minutes by default. You may change this
Data Entries period to one of 6 other choices (1,2,5,10,20,30,60). Choosing a log period of less
than 60 minutes will result in additional records being logged, thus requiring more
storage space to hold a full day’s data. The log period must never be less than the
volume calculation period.
Volume Volume Calculation period entries are made every 60 minutes by default. You may
Calculation change this period to one of 6 other choices (1,2,5,10,20,30,60). The volume
calculation period should never be greater than the log period and should be evenly
Period Entries
divisible into the log period.
Volume calculations are completed, following the top of the current period. (ie. Top of
the hour, top of the minute)
Changing XFC Changing XFC clock could affect the time when next log period entry is made. To
Clock protect integrity of accounting audit trail, XFC handles these types of clock changes
as follows:
Clock Change Not Crossing an Hour Boundary:
When next log period entry is made, clock is not altered.
Example: If present time is 4:15 p.m. and clock is changed to 4:05 p.m. of the same
day, the daily flow record is the same. Entry reflects averages accumulated over a 70
minute time period (15 minutes plus 55 minutes).
Forward Clock Change Crossing an Hourly Boundary:
Forces an log period entry for part of hour that has accumulated since last hourly
entry. FCU then advances to newly defined data flow record boundary and begins
maintaining balance of days' data in newly defined boundary.
Example: If present time is 4:55 p.m. and clock is changed to 5:05 p.m. of the same
day, the entry reflects only a 55 minute average accumulation. Then a new flow
record is written and this period is also based on a 55 minute accumulation.
Backward Clock Change Crossing an Hourly Boundary:
Hourly entry is made for part of hour that has accumulated since making last hourly
entry. This is same as for a Forward Clock Change Crossing an Hourly Boundary.
XFC advances to a new day’s data flow record and maintains balance of day’s data in
new record.
Example: If present time is 5:05 p.m. and clock is changed to 4:55 p.m. of the same
day, the log period record entry reflects only a 5 minute average accumulation. Then
a new flow record is written and this log period is based on a 60 minute accumulation.
A backward clock change uses two (2) daily flow records to maintain data integrity.
This assures that previously recorded data is not overwritten.
If it is necessary to make small backward time changes, less than one (1) hour, user
should wait until current hour has progressed far enough to make change that does
not cross an hour boundary.

1-21
Display Function

During operation, the front panel LCD continuously scrolls through the operating parameters. Table 1–
3 shows typical displayed parameters, however any parameter with a Register Address can be
displayed. The duration that the parameter is displayed can vary from 1 to 255 seconds (default is 5
seconds); a setting of 0 seconds will set any display to off. See "Program Display" in Chapter 3 (and
PCCU32 help files) for more details.

Table 1–3 Typical XFC Display Options

Display Description

DATE/TIME Current Date and Time

MM/DD/YY HH:MM:SS 24 hour clock
YEST DP LO Yesterday’s Percent DP Low Limit
NN PERCENT Percent time below DP Low Set Point
YEST DP HI Yesterday’s Percent DP High Limit
NN PERCENT Percent time below DP High Set Point
FLOWRATE Current Flow Rate
NNNNNN.N SCF/HR Programmable SCF or MCF or MMCF
ACCUM VOL Total Accumulated Volume
NNNNNN.NN MCF Programmable SCF or MCF or MMCF
BATTERY Battery Voltage
NN.N VOLTS Volts
DIFF PRESS Differential Pressure
NNN.N IN. H2O Inches H2O
PRESSURE Static Pressure Absolute
NNN.N PSIA PSIA
FLOW TEMP Flowing Temperature
NN.N DEG. F °F
YEST VOL Yesterday’s Volume
NNNN.N MCF Programmable SCFM or MCF or MMCF
PERIOD VOL Previous Period Volume
NNNN.N SCF Last volume calculation period volume
CHARGER Charger Voltage
NN.N VOLTS
M_FLOWRATE Minute Average Flow Rate
NNNNNN.N SCF/HR

Sleep Mode

A unit will go into Sleep Mode if the main power source drops below 10.9 volts and stays there for a
period of 2 minutes. Sleep Mode will preserve the unit’s historical data that was collected prior to it going
to sleep. The date/time will also be kept during the time the device is in Sleep Mode. The unit can be
awaken by simply connecting the PCCU to it and the unit will stay awake as long as the PCCU is
connected. If the battery is below 10.9 volts when you disconnect, the unit will go back to sleep after 2
minutes. For more information in troubleshooting this mode, see chapter 5, Troubleshooting.

1-22
Status and Alarm Conditions

Since a primary function of the XFC is to provide complete volume and operational records; it is
important to indicate unusual or “alarm” conditions as they occur. See Figure 1–8. This is supported
on the LCD using annunciators, these are listed in Table 1–4 XFC Status and Alarm Description.
Instructions for using the display as a troubleshooting aid can be found in Chapter 6-Troubleshooting.

Whenever an alarm is indicated the XFC records it in the appropriate log period flow record. These
are automatically retrieved when data is collected.

In X Series flow computers the status and alarm code annunciators are programmable. This allows
the user to program each annunciator to reflect custom status information for different application or
tube types. As supplied from the factory, a typical single tube device will come with a standard
display configuration, but can be modified. Consult the PCCU32 help files for more instruction on
programming the display.

Figure 1–8 Liquid Crystal Display and Indicators

Table 1–4 XFC Status and Alarm Description

Indicator Description
I/O Sub-System
L
L Low Lithium Battery Alarm: When LL (low lithium) is displayed, lithium battery voltage
is below 2.5 Vdc. A new lithium battery measures approximately 3.6 Vdc.
L Low Charger. Displayed if XFC battery charging voltage is (+)0.4 Vdc or is less than
C
or equal to battery voltage.

Display Application

1 A number represents the Display Group number currently being displayed.

The displayed item’s value is above the Data High Limit value specified on the
↑ display Item Setup screen.

The displayed item’s value is below the Data Low Limit value specified on the
↓ display Item Setup screen.

Table Continued on Next Page

1-23
Status and Alarms Description, Continued

Table 1–4 XFC Status and Alarm Description, Continued

Indicator Description
Communications Protocols

→ Transmitting Data: Sending a response

← Receiving Data: Processing request.

! Nak. Negative Acknowledgement w/packet list.

+ Ack. Positive Acknowledge of receipt of request.

Waiting for Ack. Waiting for response after transmission.

? Exception Alarm Processing.

ID Recognized. Recognized and receiving request.
Listen Cycle. Flashes if this remote port is active and running Totalflow Remote
Protocol. Flashes in sync with listening cycle that occurs at 1, 2 or 4 second
intervals.
MODBUS ASCII: Modbus ASCII protocol is selected for the port assigned to this
M annunciator.
MODBUS RTU: Modbus RTU protocol is selected for the port assigned to this
m annunciator.
Local Protocol. Displayed when PCCU part is active and running TOTALFLOW
L Local Protocol.

¥ ID Recognized. The ID has been recognized but is waiting for “Sync”.

LevelMaster Protocol: LevelMaster protocol is selected for the port assigned to this
R annunciator.

Measurement Application
BF Back Flow Condition. Visible only when DP variable displayed.

Z Zero Flow Condition: Visible only when Flow Rate displayed.

Hold. Displayed when PCCU has entered Calibration Mode on a Measurement

H
Application in Hold mode.
Alarm Condition. Need to view alarm. You may need to compare application limits to
A
current values to determine where the alarm condition is present.
A to D Failure. Displayed if A to D Converter Absolute Differential Pressure, Absolute
AD Static Pressure or temperature readings exceed maximum counts or are less than
minimum counts.

Table Continued on Next Page

1-24
Status and Alarms Description, Continued

Table 1–4 XFC Status and Alarm Description, Continued

Indicator Description
Valve Control
Displayed when Valve Control option is installed an no other valve control symbols
V are valid.

Displayed when Valve Control option is installed. Process Value (PV) is within the
= user set dead band. No control action required.

⎡ Displayed when Valve Control option is installed. Valve is in full open position.

⎦ Displayed when Valve Control option is installed. Valve is in full closed position.

Displayed when Valve Control option is installed. Valve is opening (open signal is
↑ being sent to valve actuator).

Displayed when Valve Control option is installed. Valve is closing. (close signal is
↓ being sent to valve actuator).

Displayed when Valve Control option is installed. Valve controller override conditions
Ö met (DP/SP override set point or Low Battery).

LL Displayed when Valve Control option is installed. Local Lock-out is initiated.

1-25
 B
Bllaannkk P
Paaggee

1-26
 Chapter 2
Installation
Overview

This Chapter provides you with the information for installation and setup. By the time you finish this
Chapter you will have the XFC unpacked, installed, field wired and ready for operation. For safe and
trouble free installation follow all instructions and advisories.

Read through this Chapter before you begin the installation, to plan your
installation. Also before you begin, refer to the wiring diagrams delivered with the
new XFC. You may store these under the tab “Drawings” in the back of this manual.

Installation procedures, presented within this Chapter, are applicable to Models

XFC 6410, XFC 6411, XFC 6413, XFC 6414, XFC 6713 and XFC 6714.

Highlights This Chapter covers the following topics:

Topics See Page

Overview 2-1
Unpacking & Inspection 2-2
Meter Run Installation Overview 2-2
Pipe Mount Installation 2-6
Wall Mount Installation 2-15
Direct Mount Installation for Gas Orifice 2-22
Manifold Input Lines 2-26
Direct Mount Installation for Pulse Meter 2-27
Static Pressure Input Line 2-31
RTD Probe Installation 2-32
Battery Pack Installation 2-35
Solar Panel Installation 2-36
AC Charging Unit Installation 2-38

Continued on Next Page

2-1
Unpacking & Inspection

Unpacking The XFC and RTD are shipped in a specially designed shipping carton which
contains the unit, mounting brackets, parts list and wiring and interconnect diagrams.
The Solar Panel and the Battery Pack with applicable hardware are shipped in a
separate carton.
• Carefully remove the items from each carton.
Inspection • Inspect the shipping carton for damage. If the shipping carton is damaged, keep
it until the contents have been inspected for damage.
• Inspect the unit’s exterior for dents, chipped paint, etc.
• Inspect the LCD window for breakage.
• Open the housing by first removing the bolt and releasing the latch/latches.
• Visually inspect the Main Electronic Board (XFC-195 Board), cables, and Analog
Measurement Unit for damage.
Damaged If any components have been damaged or if there are noticeable defects, notify your
Components Totalflow representative. Keep all shipping materials for the carrier's inspection.
Totalflow will arrange for immediate repair or replacement; see 'Getting Help', page
x.

Meter Run Installation Overview

The following procedures, unless otherwise stated, are applicable to all X Series Flow Computers. The
XFC can either be pipe, direct or wall mounted. Use the procedure that fits your installation.

See Figures 2–1 through 2–3 for a bottom view of each orifice model.

See Figures 2–4 through 2–6 for a bottom view of each pulse model.

When the XFC is pipe or wall mounted it should be located as close as possible to
the orifice fittings. This keeps the stainless steel gauge lines as short as applicable.

Instructions

For Procedure
If you want to... THEN use... See Page

Install on meter run Pipe Mounting Procedure 2-2

Install on wall Wall Mounting Procedure 2-15

Direct Mount-Orifice Direct Mounting Gas Orifice 2-22

Direct Mount-Pulse Direct Mounting Pulse Meters 2-27

2-2
 8.57

(2.125)

4X .437-20 UNF

(1.625)

(5.20)
(2.70)
(.810)

(3.75)

(2.40)
(1.62)

(3.80) (1.89)
2X .250-18 NPT

(7.88)

(3.94)

Figure 2–1 Bottom View Orifice Flow Computer XFC 6410

(2.125)

4X .437-20UNF

(1.625)
(.810)

(3.75)

2X .250-18 NPT

(5.41)

Figure 2–2 Bottom View Orifice Flow Computer XFC 6413

2-3
 Figure 2–3 Bottom View Orifice Flow Computer XFC 6713

(6X Ø.406 THRU)

(.150)
(4.000)

HOLES FOR .75 NPT

CORD CONN (Ø1.06)
(3.711)
2 REQD

(5.30) HOLES FOR .50 NPT

(1.355) CORD CONN (Ø.875)
5 REQD

0.000

(.80)

(3.051)

(3.700) VENT PLUG

0.000

HOLES FOR RF CONN. TYPE N

(5.30)
(Ø.641) 2 REQD
(.80) (4.500)

Figure 2–4 Bottom View Pulse Flow Computer XFC 6411

2-4
 (.150) 11.52
(4.000)
(6X Ø.406 THRU)

HOLES FOR .75 NPT

(3.711) CORD CONN (Ø1.06)
2 REQD

(5.30)
(1.355) HOLES FOR .50 NPT
CORD CONN (Ø.875)
5 REQD
0.000

(.80)

(3.051)

HOLES FOR RF CONN. TYPE N

(3.700) VENT PLUG
(Ø.641) 2 REQD 0.000

(5.30)
(.80) (4.500)

Figure 2–5 Bottom View Pulse Flow Computer XFC 6414

(.150)
(4.000)

(6X Ø.406 THRU)

(3.711)

(1.355)

0.000

(.80)

(3.700)
0.000

(.80) (4.500)

Figure 2–6 Bottom View Pulse Flow Computer XFC 6714

2-5
Pipe Mount Installation

If you are installing directly to the meter run use this procedure. Before you begin, review the procedure
and the materials required for installation.

Materials • Two U-bolts plus fastening hardware

Supplied • XFC mounting brackets

Material Not • One pipe Saddle

Supplied • One 2” x 40” pipe
• Standard 3 or 5 valve manifold or Static Pressure Tap Valve
• Stainless steel tubing

Optional equipment may be ordered from Totalflow.

XFC AC Adapter

High Input (H) Low Input (L)

To Customer Supplied
AC Power Source
Orifice Fitting
RTD
Probe Meter Run

Figure 2–7 Typical Pipe Installation for Gas Orifice

Continued on Next Page

2-6
Pipe Mount Installation, continued

XFC 6411

Figure 2–8 Typical Pipe Installation for Pulse Meter

Instructions

Step Procedure

1. Position pipe saddle on meter run. Select a location that allows easy user
access and is close to the lines. Lines should be as short as possible.
2. Temporarily attach Saddle on meter run pipe using U-bolt and associated
hardware.
3. Screw 2” by 40” mounting pipe into Saddle. Place level against pipe and
vertically align. Adjust pipe, mounted in saddle, until vertical alignment is
achieved.
4. After vertical alignment, securely tighten 2” by 40” pipe in Saddle then
securely tighten Saddle mounting bolts. Be certain pipe is securely installed
in Saddle.
The following procedures are to be followed when installing XFC on 2” mounting
pipe. To install XFC, it is recommended that two people make the installation. One
to hold unit in position and the other to install and tighten mounting brackets.

Method of installation must be consistent with customers company policy.

Continued on Next Page

2-7
Pipe Mount Installation, continued

2" x 40"
Mounting Pipe

Saddle

Meter Run
"U" Mounting
Bolt

Figure 2–9 Typical Pipe Saddle Installation

Step Procedure, Cont.

5. Position XFC in position on 2” mounting pipe and secure in place with two
U-bolts, flat washers, lock washers and two 9/16” bolts.
Orifice - Position XFC high enough on pipe to allow slope from externally mounted
manifold to tap valves, refer to Figure 2–8.

Pulse – Position XFC high enough on pipe to allow slope from externally mounted
static pressure tap valve. See Figure 2–9.

See Figures 2–11 through 2–16 for Pipe Mounted dimensions.

Flat and lock washers

with nut U - Bolt

2 " Mounting Pipe

AMU
Mounting Bracket

Figure 2–10 XFC Pipe Mounted

2-8
 (2.83)
(10.68)

MODEL 6410 FCU 4X Ø.437 (.60)

XFC 6410
(11.38)
(12.58)

MANIFOLD
2012929-001

(6.59)
(8.98)

(1.03)

(5.86) 0.000 (5.86) 2.00 PIPE

(2.38 O.D.)

Figure 2–11 Model XFC 6410, Pipe Mounted W/Discrete Manifold

2-9
 (2.83)

2-10
4X Ø.437

XFC 6411

2.00 PIPE
(2.38 O.D.)

Figure 2–12 Model XFC 6411 Pipe Mounted

 (2.83)
(11.56)

4X Ø.437

(.60)
XFC 6413

(16.00)
(17.20)

MANIFOLD
2012929-001

(6.59)
(8.98)

(1.03)

(5.86) 0.000 (5.86) 2.00 PIPE

(2.38 O.D.)

Figure 2–13 Model XFC 6413, Pipe Mounted W/Discrete Manifold

2-11
 (2.83)

2-12
4X Ø.437

XFC 6414

2.00 PIPE
(2.38 O.D.)

Figure 2–14 Model XFC 6414, Pipe Mounted

 (2.83)
4X Ø.437

MANIFOLD
2012929-001

(6.59)
(8.98)

2.00 PIPE
(2.38 O.D.)

(1.03)

(5.86) 0.000 (5.86)

Figure 2–15 Model XFC 6713, Pipe Mounted

2-13
2-14
Figure 2–16 Model XFC 6714, Pipe Mounted
Wall Mount Installation

If you are installing to a wall near the meter run or inside a meter shed use this procedure. Before you
begin, review the procedure and the materials required for installation. Refer to Figures 2–17 Through
2–22 for mounting dimensions requirements.

Optionally • XFC wall mounting brackets

Supplied
Materials
Material Not • Four 1/4” x 1/4” machine bolts
Supplied • Standard 3 or 5 valve manifold or Static Pressure Tap Valve
• 3/8-inch stainless steel tubing
• 1/4” x 3/8” tubing fittings
If XFC is to be wall mounted, the wall itself should have sufficient strength to
Caution support the hanging weight of the unit.

There should be no obstruction(s) that would prevent the XFC door from being
opened to access interior installed components or to interfere with installation of the
solar panel.

Instructions

Step Procedure

1. Refer to Figures 2–17 through 2–22 , drill mounting holes in wall supports.
2. Install supplied wall mounting brackets on back of µFLO as shown in
figures 2–17 through 2–22 .
3. Lift and align XFC wall mounting brackets with mounting holes drilled in
wall.
4. Insert 1/4” x 1/4” diameter machine bolts through XFC mounting brackets
into wall. Securely tighten all bolts to secure unit to wall.

Orifice - Position XFC high enough on wall to allow slope from externally mounted
FYI manifold to tap valves.

Pulse – Position XFC high enough on wall to allow slope from externally mounted
static pressure tap valve.

Continued on Next Page

2-15
 (10.12)

2-16
(.60)

XFC 6410

(11.38) (12.58)

(.75)

Figure 2–17 Model XFC 6410 Wall Mounted

 (2.83) 4X Ø.437

XFC 6411

Figure 2–18 Model XFC 6411 Wall Mounted

2-17
2-18
(2.83)
(11.00)

4X Ø.437

(.60)
XFC 6413
(16.00)
(17.20)

(.75)

Figure 2–19 Model XFC 6413 Wall Mounted

 (2.83)

4X Ø.437

XFC 6414

Figure 2–20 Model XFC 6414 Wall Mounted

2-19
 (2.83)

2-20
4X Ø.437

Figure 2–21 Model XFC 6713 Wall Mounted

 (2.83)

4X Ø.437

2-21
Figure 2–22 Model XFC 6714 Wall Mounted
Direct Mount Installation for Gas Orifice

If you are installing the XFC directly to an instrument manifold use this procedure. Before you begin,
review the procedure and the Direct Mount Drawings, see figures 2–23 through 2–25 .

All required hardware for mounting to the XFC to the manifold is to be supplied by
FYI the customer.

Instructions

Step Procedure

1. Refer to Figures 2–23 through 2–25 , attach the AMU to the manifold.
Before aligning with the manifold ensure that Teflon seal rings are in
place around the two process ports.
2. Using the four 7/16-inch bolts supplied with the manifold secure the AMU
to the manifold.
3. Refer to Figure 2–23 through 2–25 and complete installation.

Continued on Next Page

2-22
 XFC 6410

D/A MANIFOLD

ORIFICE

2-23
Figure 2–23 Model XFC 6410, Direct Mounted with D/A Manifold
2-24
XFC 6413

INSTRUMENT MANIFOLD
5 VALVE

CLOSE COUPLE FUTBOL

ANDERSON GREENWOOD #11-0646
2 REQD
OR
STABILIZER CONNECTOR
PRECISION GENERAL INC #AK-022-CO
2 REQD
OR ORIFICE
STABILIZED FUTBOL, SST
ANDERSON GREENWOOD #06-1157-532
2 REQD

Figure 2–24 Model XFC 6413 Direct Mounted, Instrument Manifold

 INSTRUMENT MANIFOLD
5 VALVE

ORIFICE

Figure 2–25 Model XFC 6713 Direct Mounted

2-25
Manifold Input Lines

The following instructions will provide procedural steps to install the manifold. The meter run manifold
high (H) and low (L) pressures terminate in XFC H and L Differential Port cells. Differential Port cells are
located on bottom of XFC. See Figure 2–26 .

XFC 6410

L H

Figure 2–26 Flow Computer

Installation Installation is customers responsibility.

The hardware required to connect to meter run to install manifold to XFC

Differential Ports is as follows:

Customer • Stainless steel tubing

Provided • Tubing fittings
Materials
A backup wrench should always be used when working with stainless steel tubing
Caution and valves. This prevents fitting from turning and/or putting tension on stainless
steel tubing.

Continued on Next Page

2-26
Manifold Input Lines, Continued

Instructions
Step Procedure

1. Install isolation valves on meter run (if using 5 or 3 way manifolds).

2. Install manifold and tubing to meter run and XFC. (Note: Manifold to XFC
fittings not supplied with XFC).
3. Leak check all connections.

Leaks in the tubing or manifold will introduce errors when calibrating AMUs.

Direct Mount Installation for Pulse Meter

If you are installing the XFC directly to a meter use this procedure. Before you begin, review the
procedure and the Direct Mount Outline Drawings; see Figures 2–27 through 2–29 .

All required hardware for mounting to the XFC to the meter is supplied by Totalflow,
as ordered.

Instructions

Step Procedure

1. Refer to Figures 2–27 through 2–29 XFC Outline Drawings, attach the
FCU to the meter. Before aligning with the manifold ensure that all seals
are in place around the mounting hardware.
2. Using the four 3/8-inch bolts supplied with the XFC secure the XFC to the
meter.
3. Refer to Figure 2–27 , 2–28 or 2–29 and complete installation.

2-27
2-28
Figure 2–27 Model XFC 6411 Direct Mounted
 XFC 6414

Figure 2–28 Model XFC 6414 Direct Mounted

2-29
2-30
Figure 2–29 Model XFC 6714 Direct Mounted
Static Pressure Input Line

Description The following instructions will provide procedural steps to install the static pressure
input line. The static pressure input line terminates in either the rear or side
pressure ports on the XFC mounting block located on the bottom of the XFC. See
Figure 2–30 .

Figure 2–30 XFC Static Pressure Input Line

Installation The hardware required to connect the FCU static pressure line to the FCU static
pressure port is as follows. Installation is customers responsibility.

Customer • Stainless steel tubing

Provided • Static pressure isolation/shut off valve
Materials • Tubing fittings

A backup wrench should always be used when working with stainless steel tubing
and valves. This prevents fitting from turning and/or putting tension on stainless
steel tubing.

Continued on Next Page

2-31
Static Pressure Input Line, Continued

Instructions

Step Procedure

1. Install static pressure isolation valve on meter run.

2. Install static pressure tubing to static pressure isolation valve and XFC
static pressure input port connection. (Note: Valve to XFC fittings not
supplied with XFC).
3. Leak check all connections. Leaks in the tubing or connections will
introduce errors when calibrating transducers.
4. Mount XFC to direct mount manifold.
5. Leak check all tubing connections before calibrating.

Leaks in the static pressure connections and tubing will introduce errors in
transducer readings.

RTD Probe Installation

The RTD measures flowing gas temperature. Procedures, presented in this Chapter, enable the user to
install the RTD into the meter run.

Figure 2–31 RTD Probe Wiring

Optionally • RTD probe with 10’ of cable. Optional lengths are 15’, 25’, 30’, 40’, and 50’.
Supplied • One (1) thermowell with 3/4” npt threads; optional threads are 1/2” and 1”.
Materials • Nylon tie wraps.

Materials not • Customer must specify Thermowell “U” length.

Supplied • Teflon tape

Continued on Next Page

2-32
RTD Probe Installation, Continued

Instructions

Step Procedure

1. Install thermowell into meter run.

Thermowell

RTD Assembly Meter Run

To prevent moisture from entering XFC after installing RTD cord connector, be
certain associated connector, at XFC, has a metal backed sealing “O” ring and
metal locking nut attached.

Power should be removed from XFC before performing any field wiring.

2. Using snap ring pliers, adjust probe length so that it is spring loaded
against bottom of thermowell.
3. Remove nut from water tight cord connector. On XFC, remove hole plug
from unit and insert wires through the hole. Allow enough RTD cable to
extend into XFC for connecting wires to RTD termination Block J7
(Figure 2–32 Item 13).
4. Secure RTD Probe cable using supplied sealing ring and nut.
5. Connect RTD probe to XFC RTD connector as follows. Before making
connections to terminal block, remove spade lugs if attached and trim
wire ends back 1/4” and remove associated terminal block from XFC-195
Board. See overlay on battery plate. Loosen terminal block securing
screws, insert wire then retighten. Reinstall terminal block with wires
attached. See 2–31 .
6. Following connection of RTD thermowell, secure cable to meter run pipe
with plastic tie wraps. Do Not wrap cable around meter run pipe.

2-33
 • • •
• • •
• • •
• • •
• •
• • •
• •
• • •
• •
• •
• •
• • •
• • •
• • •
• •
• • • •

Figure 2–32 XFC-195 Board Cutout-Installation

2-34
RTD Probe Installation, Continued

Table 2–1 XFC-195 Board Identifications-Installation

ID Number Description

11 AMU Interface
12 Analog Input Connectors
13 RTD Connectors
14 Pulse Input and Digital Output Connectors
15 Remote Communications Connectors
16 Remote Comm 2: RS-485 Termination Jumper
17 Remote Comm 2: Module Plug-in
18 Remote Comm 1: RS-485 Termination Jumper
19 Remote Comm 1: Module Plug-in
20 External Charger
21 Battery Connection
22 I/O Module Interface

Battery Pack Installation

A battery pack provides the XFC with it’s operating power. The battery is packed and shipped
separately. The battery is not installed in XFC when shipped. Before installation, inspect power cables,
where they terminate on battery pack, and connector for breakage.

Installation Battery pack is mounted behind the removable metal battery plate cover. The plate
is adjustable for various size batteries.

Instructions

Step Description

1. Remove XFC battery cover plate and insert battery pack into
compartment. Insert battery pack with its long dimension facing outward.
When cover plate is reinstalled, it should fit snugly against the battery
pack.
The screws can be loosened to accommodate larger battery.
2. Connect battery pack connector to XFC-195 Board BATTERY CONN J1
(Figure 2–32 , Item 21) connector, located in upper right corner of Board.
3. Observe LCD, the display should be on and scrolling through the startup
diagnostics sequence.

2-35
Solar Panel Installation

The Solar Panel is designed for outdoor mounting on a 2” extension pipe installed on upper end of XFC
40” mounting pipe. Solar panel must be mounted within 12 feet of XFC (other lengths available). For wall
mounted XFC it can be mounted on top or side of meter house.

Do not connect solar panel power cable to the XFC unless main battery pack has
been connected to J1 (Figure 2–32 , Item 21). Refer to previous section on Battery
Pack Installation.
If installation procedures are required for mounting Solar Panel on top or side of
meter house, customer should contact Totalflow's Service Department; see page x,
Getting Help.

Solar Panel
Mounting Bracket

U - Bolts

2 " Extension Pipe

Solar Panel
Cable
2 " Coupling

Flow Computer

Figure 2–33 Typical Solar Panel Installation

2-36
Solar Panel Installation, Continued

Procedure Our standard solar panel must be mounted within 12 feet of XFC. For Solar Panel
mounting, the following materials are required. See Figure 2–33 .

Materials • One Solar Panel

Supplied • Two U-Bolts and fastening hardware
• Solar panel cable (if not already attached)
• Solar Panel Mounting Bracket (if not already attached to Solar Panel)
Material not • Cable ties
Supplied • One 9-inch extension of 2-inch pipe or other suitable length of pipe, threaded
on one end.
• One 2-inch Coupling.

Exercise caution when installing Solar Panel, so as not to damage it. When
mounted, Solar Panel will face up from horizon at 50° angle.

Instructions

Step Procedure

1. Attach 2” pipe Coupling to top end of XFC 40” mounting pipe. Securely
tighten.
2. Install 2” pipe extension into Coupling and securely tighten.
3. Check solar panel using digital voltmeter to verify polarity and output
voltage. Voltage will vary depending on amount of sun, angle to sun, etc
4. Install Solar Panel on mounting bracket, if required, with provided
hardware. Install Solar Panel Cable if required.
5. Attach Solar Panel mounting plate to top end of 2” extension pipe with U-
bolts and associated mounting hardware. Do not tighten U-bolts until
Solar Panel has been correctly orientated.
6. For northern hemispheres, position Solar Panel facing south. For
southern hemispheres, position Solar Panel facing north. For optimum
charging, solar panel should not be in shadows for the majority of the
day. Panel should be kept clean for maximum charging.
7. DO NOT connect other end of cable to XFC until instructed to do so.
8. Insert Solar Panel power cable through an access hole on side of case.
Allow enough power cable to extend into XFC for cable connection to
EXT CHGR +/- termination’s on J5 (Figure 2–32 Item 20); see overlay on
battery plate.

Continued on Next Page

2-37
Solar Panel Installation, Continued

Step Procedure, Cont.

9. Before making connections to terminal block, trim wire ends back 1/4”
and remove associated terminal block from XFC-195 Board.
Loosen terminal block securing screws, insert wire then retighten.
Connect Solar Panel (+) lead to + terminal and (-) wire to - terminal.
Verify main battery pack is connected and then reinstall terminal block
with wires attached.
10. Following connection of Solar Panel power cable, secure cable to 2”
extension and mounting pipe cable with plastic tie-wraps provided.

AC Charging Unit Installation

The AC Power Charging Unit maintains a constant voltage charge on installed battery pack. See Figure
2–34 .

Installation The following hardware is required to mount the AC power charging unit to XFC.

Materials • AC Charging Unit

Supplied • Coupling nipple

Materials Not • Plastic cable ties

Supplied • AC wiring, conduit (rigid or flexible)

To maintain system certification, all wiring must comply with NEC 501 code and
applicable ABB certification drawings.

To prevent injury only a licensed electrician should install AC power wiring to

customer supplied primary AC power source.

Instructions

Step Procedure

1. The AC Charging Unit is shipped separately. When unit is received,

unpack and inspect all components for evidence of damage. Report
damage to shipping carrier and to Totalflow's Service Department.
2. Remove one of the plugs from the side of XFC so that AC charging unit
can be mounted without obstruction; see Figure 2–34 .
3. Feed AC Charger DC power lines into XFC. Allow enough cable to
extend into unit for connection to EXT CHGR +/- terminals.

Continued on Next Page

2-38
AC Charging Unit Installation, Continued

Instructions (Continued)

Step Procedure, Cont.

4. Connect AC Battery Pack Charger unit to XFC using supplied sealing ring
and nut.
To prevent moisture from entering XFC after installing AC Battery Pack
Charger unit, be certain associated connector, at Charger unit has a metal
backed sealing “O” ring and metal locking nut attached.
5. Before connecting Charger wiring, trim wire ends back 1/4” and remove
associated EXT CHGR terminal block J5 (Figure 2–32 Item 20) from XFC-
195 Board.
Loosen terminal block securing screws, insert red wire into plus (+)
terminal (top) and black wire in negative (-) terminal (bottom). Retighten
screws and reinstall terminal block with wires attached.
6. Plumb the conduit and associated AC wiring into the AC Charger conduit
box. The AC Charger is rated at either 120 VAC 60 Hz or 240 VAC 50 Hz.
Connect the 120 V hot and neutral or the two hot wires for 240 V to TB1 of
the AC Charger. Connect the ground wire to the green screw T1.
7. Verify that the DC power wires are terminated properly inside the flow
computer cabinet and verify that the main battery pack is plugged into J1
(Figure 2–32 Item 21). Apply AC power to the AC Charger.
8. Monitor DC charging voltage by observing the XFC display. LCD should
indicate CHARGER 13.0 - 13.5 VOLTS.

(+) EXT
J5
(-) CHGR

9 1
10 2
11 3
12 4
J4
13 5
14 6
15 7
16 8
(+)DIN2
(-)GND
(+) DIN1
(-) GND

Figure 2–34 Mounting AC Charger

2-39
 B
Bllaannkk P
Paaggee

2-40
 Chapter 3
XFC Startup
This Chapter generally describes the steps required get a newly installed XFC system up and running.
Specific information required to complete each step (depending on your equipment choice) is discussed
in the PCCU32 help files, or the Operations manual for the FS/2 Portable Calibration and Collection
Unit.

Highlights In this Chapter you will learn about:

Topic See Page

Laptop Computer running PCCU32 3-2
FS/2 Handheld PCCU 3-2
Setting up the XFC 3-3
Overview 3-3
Station ID 3-3
Device ID / Application ID 3-3
Location 3-3
Date/Time 3-4
Security System 3-4
Configuring the XFC 3-5
Contract Hour 3-5
Log Period 3-5
Volume Calculation Period 3-5
Calculation Method 3-5
Super Compressibility Calculation (Fpv) 3-6
Constants 3-8
Alarm Limits 3-9
Reset Volume 3-9
Startup XFC 3-11
Put XFC On Line 3-11
Calibrating the XFC 3-11
Setup RTD 3-11
Volume Reset 3-12
XFC Standard Displays 3-13
Program Display 3-13
Optional Equipment 3-15
Key Pad 3-15
Totalflow Input/Output Modules Overview 3-19

Continued on Next Page

3-1
Overview, Continued

Before you begin you should complete the tasks outlined in the Chapter 2.0,
Installation.

All references in older materials to AP, absolute pressure, have been converted to
SP, Static Pressure. This reflects the difference of including barometric pressure
during calibration.

Options The two equipment options for programming the XFC are the Windows based
PCCU32 Software and the DOS based FS/2 device, these are discussed in more
detail below.

Laptop Computer running PCCU32

PCCU32 Software running in a laptop Windows environment offers you the most capabilities for
programming the XFC. Many of the new features designed into the XFC cannot be accessed by the FS/2
due to it’s limited capabilities. The Windows environment features user friendly help files and easy to
follow menus. Having help files readily accessible to the user is comparable to having a virtual teacher on
location. Easy to follow menus and icons, step the user through many required choices.

The laptop computer connects via the cable directly to the connector on the side of the XFC.

Once this physical connection has been made, you may begin the communicating through the software.

FS/2 Handheld PCCU

The FS/2 Portable Calibration & Collection Unit (PCCU) is a hand held devices running the DOS
version of PCCU. This equipment allows the user to perform only the most basic of operations and
program the minimal features of the XFC. Because the device functions in the DOS environment,
help files, icons and drop down menus are not available. Therefore this device is more limited.

The FS/2 PCCU connects via the cable directly to the connector on the side of the XFC.

Once this physical connection has been made, you may begin communication with the XFC through
the program.

Prior to making the physical connection, you must instantiate the FS/2 application for the unit to
recognize the connection. This requires a laptop computer. Once instantiated and the physical
connection has been made, you may begin communication with the XFC through the program.

3-2
 Setting up the XFC
Overview

Once physically connected to the XFC, you must then instruct the software of the programming device
to connect. At this time, the software will actually read the device default values programmed at the
factory. These preset values are based on the type of product you ordered and programmed for the
most widely used configuration.

Depending on the programming device you are using, the following are the minimum required entries.
Specific information required to complete each step (depending on your equipment choice) is
discussed in the PCCU32 help files, or the Operations manual for the FS/2 Portable Calibration and
Collection Unit.

Station ID

The station identifier code should uniquely identify one station from that of others. If running a multiple
tube station, the station ID is the same for all tubes on that XFC. If left blank on a single tube device, it
will be the same as the device ID.

Description Format Note

Station ID XXXXXXXXXX 10 digit alphanumeric

Device ID / Application ID

The device identifier should uniquely identify each tube/application on a multi-tube device. On a single
tube installation, the identifier code should uniquely identify one XFC from that of others and will be the
same as the Station ID.

Description Format Note

Device/Application ID XXXXXXXXXX 10 digit alphanumeric

Location

In WINCCU, the host software, the location field can hold up to 24 alphanumeric characters to describe
its location. An example would be the county name or road number.

Description Format Note

Location xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx 24 digit alphanumeric

There are additional fields stored in WINCCU for uniquely identifying the meter
including fields for entering the lease holder, producer, operator and buyer. These
fields reside on the host computer in the ID Manager, not in the XFC.

3-3
 Setting up the XFC, continued
Date/Time

The XFC date and time must be set correctly and should agree with the Collection Equipment.

Description Format Note

Date MM/DD/YY Must enter 2 digits each

Time HH:MM:SS 24 hour clock

Security System

The XFC-195 Board has a bi-level security system built in. For the purpose of this manual, we will refer
to this as the Hardware Security. When the XFC is accessed through PCCU32 or WINCCU Host
software packages, this will have a third level of security included. We will refer to this as the Software
Security.

The Software Security System is designed to have a Password Administrator who sets up the accounts
and privileges for himself as well as the other PCCU users. This privilege includes being able to
instantiate applications and make changes to the functionality of the XFC. See the help files in the host
software package for more information.

The Hardware Security System is designed to have two levels of user access, Application Editing and
Downloading Files to a device. User access by default is restricted from modifying and downloading the
Application Table or from downloading files to the device’s R: and S: drives, but has all other user type
privileges. These default privileges can be edited by the Administrator.

In order to program a user code into the XFC the Security Switch S1 on the XFC-195 Board must be
OFF.

Also note that XFC does not send an error message when you have breeched the security level, it
simply does not accept value changes.

If the Security Switch S1 located on the XFC-195 Board is in the OFF position, no
security code has to be entered to access the operating parameters even if there is
one programmed into the device.

Description Format Note

Security Code XXXX 4 digit numeric

3-4
 Configuring the XFC
Contract Hour

You can program the XFC to begin the contract day based on your contract or company standards.
When a XFC first powers up the contract is preset to begin at midnight.

Midnight is 00 o’clock. If any value entered is greater than 23, you will record an
error message and the XFC forces the value to 00 (midnight).

Log Period

Log period is the specified length of time between writing the calculated accumulated volume to
record. You may record volumes as often as every minute and as seldom as every hour. The default
is 60 minutes. The XFC can normally store 960 log periods (40 days x 24 logs). A 5 minute log period
will consume available memory in 8 days.

Description Options

Log Period 1,2,5,10,20,30,60

Volume Calculation Period

Volume Calculation Period is the specified length of time between volume calculations. The Volume
Calculation Period must be equally divisible into the Log Period. The default is 60 minutes.

Description Options

Volume Calculation Period 1,2,5,10,20,30,60

Calculation Method

When the XFC is powered up Initaially, the calculation method must be set. You have the option of
setting the calculation method to AGA-3 1985, AGA-3 1992, AGA-7 or liquid. Once you have
determined the calculation type, you may toggle specific factors on or off depending upon their
availability.

Calculation type, and many of the factors involved with setting up the calculations,
are usually dictated by your sales contract or by company policy.

Continued on Next Page

3-5
 Configuring the XFC, Continued

Table 3–1 Configurable Calculation Factors

Configurable

AGA-3 AGA-3
Calculation Parameter 1985 1992

Fpb (Pressure Base Factor) Yes N/A

Ftb (Temperature Base Factor) Yes N/A
Fg (Specific Gravity Factor) Yes N/A
Fb (Orifice Factor) Yes N/A
Ftf (Flowing Temperature Factor) Yes N/A
Y (Expansion Factor) Yes Yes
Fr (Reynolds Number) Yes N/A
Fa (Orifice Thermal Expansion Factor) Yes N/A
**Fpv (Supercompressibility Factor) Yes Yes
*Fw (Water Vapor Factor) Yes Yes
*Faux (Full Well Stream Factor) Yes Yes
Cd (Coefficient of Discharge) N/A Yes
Fp (for Fpv method = NX19 Fixed) Yes Yes
Ft (for Fpv method = NX19 Fixed) Yes Yes
A complete description can be found in the AGA Report No. 3.
* NOTE: Faux and Fw are not AGA factors.
1. Faux is a user set multiplier to compensate for liquids in the gas stream, defaults to 1.

2. Fw is a factor which compensates for water vapor in the gas stream and its affect on
volume measurements.
** NX19 GCN, NX19 GCNM, AGA-8 1992 Gross and AGA-8 1992 Detail

Super Compressibility Calculation (Fpv)

When the XFC is powered up Initaially, the calculation method must be set. You have the option of
changing the formula method to any of several other choices, see Table 3–2. Once you have
determined the calculation to use, you may toggle specific parameters on or off depending upon
whether you would like to use fixed or live analysis data.

Many decisions involved with setting up the Fpv are dictated by your sales contract
or based on company policy.

Continued on Next Page

3-6
 Configuring the XFC, continued

Table 3–2 Fpv Analysis Data

Configurable

NX19 AGA-8
Default *All Fixed 1992
Parameter Value Units Others FtFp Detail

Fp (for Fpv method NX19 Fixed) 1.000 No Yes No

Ft (for Fpv method NX19 Fixed) 1.000 No Yes No
**Heating value 1000.0000 BTU/SCF Yes Yes Yes
Argon 0.0000 mol % No No Yes
Carbon dioxide CO2 0.0000 mol % Yes Yes Yes
Carbon Monoxide 0.0000 mol % No No Yes
Ethane 0.0000 mol % No No Yes
H2S 0.0000 mol % No No Yes
Helium 0.0000 mol % No No Yes
Hydrogen 0.0000 mol % No No Yes
iButane 0.0000 mol % No No Yes
iPentane 0.0000 mol % No No Yes
Methane 100.000 mol % Yes No Yes
nButane 0.0000 mol % No No Yes
nDecane 0.0000 mol % No No Yes
nHeptane 0.0000 mol % No No Yes
nHexane 0.0000 mol % No No Yes
nitrogen N2 0.0000 mol % Yes Yes Yes
nNonane 0.0000 mol % No No Yes
nOctane 0.0000 mol % No No Yes
nPentane 0.0000 mol % No No Yes
Oxygen 0.0000 mol % No No Yes
Propane 0.0000 mol % No No Yes
Water H2O 0.0000 mol % No No Yes
Specific Gravity 0.6000 N/A Yes Yes Yes
* NX19 GCN, NX19 GCNM, AGA-8 1992 Gross

** Enter the Heating Value in Btu per SCF. Not used in volume calculations. Only used for calculating
MMBTU for reports.

3-7
 Configuring the XFC, continued
Constants

On a single tube gas orifice meter, there are certain constants or parameters that may need to be
entered or changed from the default values. Please see Table 3–3 for the list of constants.

Table 3–3 Gas Orifice Constants

Configurable

Default Value AGA-3 1985 AGA-3 1992

Parameter Units

Auxiliary Factor (Faux) 1.0 Yes Yes

Barometric Pressure PSIA Yes Yes
DP zero cutoff 0.0000 inches H2O Yes Yes
Meter Factor (Fb Basic Orifice Factor) 210.2300 Yes N/A
Orifice Coefficient of Expansion 9.2500 Inches per No Yes
Deg. F
Orifice diameter 1.0000 Yes Yes
Orifice Material Stainless Yes No
Pipe Coefficient of Expansion 6.2000 Inches per N/A Yes
Deg. F
Pipe diameter 2.0670 Yes Yes
Pressure Base (Contract) 14.7300 PSIA Yes Yes
Specific Heat Ratio 1.3000 Yes Yes
Tap Location Downstream Yes Yes
Tap Type Flange Taps Yes No
Temperature Base (Tb) 60.0000 Degrees F Yes Yes
Viscosity 0.0103 Centipoise Yes Yes
Z of air at base condition 0.9996 N/A Yes
Fixed Cd .6 N/A Yes

3-8
 Configuring the XFC, continued
Alarm Limits

You have the ability to set XFC Alarm Limits for the parameters listed in Table 3–4. There are many
purposes for setting these limits. ie. Controlling well output, or sending digital signals.

Table 3–4 Alarm Limits

Configurable

Parameter Default Value Units AGA-3 1985 AGA-3 1992

DP High Limit 2047.9688 In H2O Yes Yes

DP Low Limit 0 In H2O Yes Yes
Flow Rate High Limit 1,000,000 SCF/Hr Yes Yes
Flow Rate Low Limit 0 SCF/Hr Yes Yes
RTD High Limit 420 Degrees F Yes Yes
RTD Low Limit 0 Degrees F Yes Yes
SP High Limit 2047.9688 PSIA Yes Yes
SP Low Limit 0 PSIA Yes Yes

Reset Volume

When you Reset the volume accumulator the XFC will:

• Store time, date and previous accumulated partial calc periods volume into the historical record file
• Zero the remaining partial calc periods accumulations.
• Complete all computations for the present flow file daily record.
• Begin a new flow file daily record.
• Zero total volume accumulator and log the event with an accumulator value before zeroing out
accumulator.
Since the XFC volume calculations are made each vol calc period, any changes
you make during the period would affect the volume calculations (such as changing
the orifice plate size) and be introduced into the calculations. To avoid introduced
errors, it is recommended that Reset Volume command be used. This command
forces the XFC to perform volume calculations for the elapsed time since a
previous volume calculation was made. A new partial period volume is added to the
volume accumulator, which is logged as an event before it is reset to zero (0).

3-9
 B
Bllaannkk P
Paaggee

3-10
 Startup XFC
Put XFC On Line

To avoid a calibration shift, carefully follow these instructions.

Instructions Open both bypass valves and close the vent to atmosphere valve, this stabilizes
the pressure on both sides of the cell. Then begin to SLOWLY open the high side
orifice tap valve from the meter run. Then SLOWLY open the low side valve. Once
both the high and low sides are completely open, you may close both bypass
valves.

Calibrating the XFC

Following installation and configuration of the XFC, the technician should perform calibration checks
and possibly a calibration to ensure that measurements are accurate. The calibration technique used is
usually determined by company policy and/or a contract.

Detailed instructions for performing calibration checks and calibrations may be found in Chapter 5,
Maintenance.

Setup RTD

Although the RTD (Resistive Temperature Detector) temperature is accurately self-calibrating, you can
match it to another reference source. This is accomplished by entering temperature bias, which shifts
the RTD probe curve either positive or negative.

Setting XFC The XFC temperature calculations can be set to the following conditions:
Temperature
• Selection of "Fixed Temperature" Used in Calculations—causes fixed
Calculation
temperature to be used in flow calculations.

• Selection of "Fixed Temperature" and RTD Installed—will record RTD

temperature while using fixed temperature in calculations.

• Selection of "RTD Installed" and not use "Fixed Temperature—measures and

uses RTD temperature in calculations. However, if a temperature error occurs
such as an A/D error, the “Fixed Temperature” will be used for calculations.

Selecting “RTD Installed” only, does not force the unit to use the flowing
temperature in its calculations. You must turn off the “Fixed Temperature” selection.

3-11
Volume Reset

Since the XFC volume calculations are made each vol calc period, any changes you make during the
period would affect the volume calculations (such as changing the orifice plate size) and be introduced
into the calculations. To avoid introduced errors, it is recommended that Reset Volume command be
used. This command forces the XFC to perform volume calculations for the elapsed time since a
previous volume calculation was made. A new partial period volume is added to the volume
accumulator, which is logged as an event before it is reset to zero (0).

Description When you reset the volume accumulator the XFC will:
• Store time, date and previous accumulated partial calc period volume into the
historical record file.
• Zero the remaining partial calc period accumulation.
• Complete all computations for the present flow file daily record.
• Begin a new flow file daily record.
• Zero total volume accumulator and log the event with an accumulator value
before zeroing out accumulator.

3-12
 XFC Standard Displays
Program Display

The single tube XFC comes from the factory with a set default displays as shown below. By default,
each display item remains on the display for 5 seconds. You have the ability to change this default to
zero (item not displayed) or any value from 1 to 255 seconds. You are also able to change the
engineering units, and data format for display purposes. Further instructions on programming the
display system can be found in the PCCU32 Help Files. All display items and item groups are
programmable and may be displayed by user defined parameters.

Table 3–5 XFC Displayed Items

Description Format Note

DATE/TIME MM/DD/YY 24 hour clock

HH:MM:SS
YEST DP LO NN PERCENT Yesterday’s Percent DP Low Limit
Percent time below DP Low Set Point
YEST DP HI NN PERCENT Yesterday’s Percent DP High Limit
Percent time below DP High Set Point
FLOWRATE NNNNNN.N SCF/HR Current Flow Rate Programmable SCF
or MCF or MMCF
ACCUM VOL NNNNNN.NN MCF Total Accumulated Volume
Programmable SCF or MCF or MMCF
BATTERY NN.N VOLTS Battery Voltage Volts
DIFF PRESS NNN.N IN. H2O Differential Pressure Inches H2O
STATIC PRESSURE NNN.N PSIA Static Pressure Static PSIA
FLOW TEMP NN.N DEG. F Flowing Temperature°F
YEST VOL NNNN.N MCF Yesterday’s Volume Programmable MCF
or MMCF
PERIOD VOL NNNN.N SCF Previous Period Volume Last volume
calculation period volume
CHARGER NN.N VOLTS Charger Voltage
STATION ID XXXXXXXXXX 10 Character alphanumeric identifier
DEVICE ID XXXXXXXXXX 10 Character alphanumeric application
or tube identifier

3-13
 B
Bllaannkk P
Paaggee

3-14
 Optional Equipment
Key Pad
The X Series models may be configured to include the optional Keypad located on the front cover of the
unit. Keypad entry allows the user to monitor programmed display items without using additional
equipment. See Figures 3–2 and 3–3.

For you to be able to view various display items, those items must be pre-programmed
for keypad entry. You may either program all the display items for an application or
individual display items within the application using PCCU32.

Log On Press the ENT button in the lower right hand corner of the keypad. See Figure 3–4.

Security When ask, enter the 4-digit security code.

Viewing Use the up and down arrow keys located in the upper right hand corner to scroll
through the various instantiated applications (Multiple Tube Device).

Selectin When you have located the item you wish to change/display, press the ENT button.

Changing After viewing the item for change, press the = key located in the lower right corner of
the keypad. If entering a negative figure, press the +/- key to toggle the minus sign on
or off. Enter the new figure. Press Enter.

You may change only those values that are not live from this screen.

Validate When setting up the XFC Display items, you may also set Data Limits so that when you
change a programmed value, it must be valid between the High and Low Limit,
otherwise it will return and “invalid” code. This is called Validate Keypad Entry, and
must be set to “yes” to be active.

Time Out Based on how you have programmed the display setup, you may set the “Scroll Lock
Timeout”. After the programmed time has elapsed, it will return to regular operation.
This includes exiting the security system. To re-enter the keypad program, you will
need to re-enter your security code.

SPACE Pressing this button will have the effect of leaving a blank space(s) between characters
during data entry.

MENU Pressing the MENU button and then the group number and item number will take you
directly to the specified screen.

REG Pressing the REG button and then entering the “application.array.index” of the register
you would like displayed will take you directly to the specified register.

ESC To exit the program, press the ESC key in the lower left corner once for each level you
are viewing. When the screen begins to scroll again, you have exited the program
completely.

3-15
3-16
11.52

10.269
XFC 6413

14.81
Figure 3–1 XFC 6413 with Optional Key Pad
 PCCU CONN

(10.00)

(8.57)
(9.37)

XFC 6410

HOLES FOR .50 NPT

(3.90) (1.69)
CORD CONN (Ø.875)
10 REQD
(4.28) (5.20)

3-17
Figure 3–2 XFC 6410 with Optional Key Pad
3-18
Figure 3–3 Optional Keypad
Totalflow Input/Output Modules Overview

In addition to Totalflow’s enhanced on-board input/output capabilities, the hardware functionality of XFC
Series can be extended in a flexible and friendly way by adding modular I/O as needed (see Figure3–4).
Totalflow I/O (TFIO) modules are designed to accommodate low power, harsh environment and
economical cost requirements. The system automatically recognizes the module types and configures
the I/O Scanner subsystem accordingly.

The modules are interfaced to the XFC-195 Board by an I2C bus. On top of this bus, Totalflow has
implemented an efficient I/O protocol to exchange information between the modules and the XFC-195
Board. The bus operates in a master/slave mode, with the Main Board acting as master.

The XFC 6413 and XFC 6414 (as shown in Figure3–5) systems support up to 3 modules. For example, 3
analog input modules can be connected to the I2C bus. Since each module supports 8 analog inputs,
then a total of 24 analog inputs can be added to the I2C bus. Each module has capacity for up to 16 field
terminations. Thus, for many modules 8 points are supported, since 2 terminations are generally required
for each point. The XFC 6713 and XFC 6714 (as shown in Figure3–6) systems support up to 6 modules.

The I/O module hardware is packaged in DIN mount enclosures that employ Phoenix contact technology
for field wiring. The modules also interconnect with each other to provide the necessary power and
interface signals along their bus. Installation consists of snapping the Phoenix connector onto the DIN rail
and moving the module into position directly beside and snapped to the next module. Likewise, in
removing a module, it must first be separated from the module on either side, then removed from the DIN
rail.

For additional information, please refer to the TFIO Module User’s Manual (Part No.2101226-001).

Figure 3–4 TFIO Module Housing

3-19
 Figure 3–5 XFC 6413/6414 Inside View

Figure 3–6 XFC 6713/6714 Inside View

3-20
 Chapter 4
Maintenance
Overview

This Chapter provides you with standard Maintenance information and instructions on how to remove
and install components of the XFC.

Highlights In this Chapter you will learn how to:

Topic See Page

Overview 4-1
Backing up Configuration Files 4-2
Changing XFC Clock 4-3
Replacing XFC Battery Pack 4-4
Replacing the Main Electronic Board (XFC-195) 4-9
Replacing Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Board 4-10
Replacing AMU 4-11
Calibration Overview 4-14
Checking Static Pressure (SP) 4-15
Calibrating Static Pressure (SP) 4-15
Checking Differential Pressure (DP) 4-16
Calibrating Differential Pressure (DP) 4-16
On-Board /O Calibration Overview 4-16
Calibrating On-Board Analog Input 4-17
Calibrating On-Board Pulse and Digital Inputs 4-18
Calibrating TFIO Module Analog Outputs 4-18
Zero Transducer 4-20
Replacing Static Pressure Transducer 4-20

Maintenance If installation, calibration and maintenance assistance is required, user can contact
Support the Totalflow Service Department.

USA: (800) 442-3097 International: 001-918-338-4888

Continued on Next Page

4-1
Overview, Continued

How to Use We recommend that you develop a regularly scheduled maintenance program. By
This Chapter establishing a maintenance program, XFC downtime can be minimized.

Record all items within this Chapter, in the maintenance practice procedures.
Practical experience permits updating this schedule over a period of time. This
results in many maintenance items being handled on a routine basis before
potential problem(s) result in a failure.

Cleanliness Because an XFC installation is primarily exposed to external environmental

conditions, it is important that it be regularly inspected for cleanliness, both
externally and internally. Foreign contaminants can cause damage to interior
mounted components rendering XFC inoperable.

Front Mounted The user is informed of operational problems and operational limit violations by
LCD observing the alarm codes on the right side of the LCD display. XFC alarm
troubleshooting procedures are presented in the Troubleshooting Chapter.

Returning If a TOTALFLOW component is to be returned to Totalflow for repair, securely wrap

Part(s) for it in protective anti-static packaging. Before returning a component, call us for a
Repair Return for Authorization Number (RA). Affix this number to the outside of return
package.

Parts shipments must be prepaid by customer. Any part, not covered by original
SYSTEM WARRANTY, will be shipped to customer, F.O.B.

Backing up Configuration Files

Before you begin any maintenance on your XFC, you should collect the data and back up all
configuration files to your laptop's hard drive or a floppy disk. This “Upload” safeguards your data and
allows you to re-start the unit without the hassle of re-configuring the XFC should any problem arise.

Although there are “Save” buttons in the Entry Mode screens which allows the user to backup “Entry”
mode data items, a complete system backup is only accomplished by using the “Save and Restore
Utility”. When using this utility to backup files, the user should also “download” the files to the S: drive in
case of a “Cold” start.
• While in PCCU, use the Save and Restore Utility found under File Utilities in the Operate drop down
menu.

4-2
Changing XFC Clock

When any measurement applications are instantiated on the XFC, changing the clock could affect the
time when log period entries are made. To protect integrity of accounting audit trails, the XFC handles
these types of clock changes as follows:

Clock Change Not When next log period entry is made, clock is not altered.
Crossing an Hour
Boundary: Example: If present time is 4:15 p.m. and clock is changed to 4:05 p.m. of the
same day, the daily flow record is the same. Entry reflects averages
accumulated over a 70 minute time period (15 minutes plus 55 minutes).

Forward Clock Forces an log period entry for part of hour that has accumulated since last
Change Crossing hourly entry. XFC then advances to newly defined data flow record boundary
an Hourly and begins maintaining balance of days' data in newly defined boundary.
Boundary:
Example: If present time is 4:55 p.m. and clock is changed to 5:05 p.m. of the
same day, the entry reflects only a 55 minute average accumulation. Then a
new flow record is written and this period is also based on a 55 minute
accumulation.
Backward Clock Hourly entry is made for part of hour that has accumulated since making last
Change Crossing hourly entry. This is same as for a Forward Clock Change Crossing an Hourly
an Hourly Boundary. XFC advances to a new day’s data flow record and maintains
Boundary: balance of day’s data in new record.

Example: If present time is 5:05 p.m. and clock is changed to 4:55 p.m. of the
same day, the log period record entry reflects only a 5 minute average
accumulation. Then a new flow record is written and this log period is based on
a 60 minute accumulation.

A backward clock change uses two (2) records to maintain data integrity. This
assures that previously recorded data is not overwritten.

If it is necessary to make small backward time changes, less than one (1) hour,
user should wait until current hour has progressed far enough to make change
that does not cross an hour boundary.

4-3
Replacing XFC Battery Pack

This Chapter presents the procedures for removal and installation of XFC battery pack. To access the
battery pack, open XFC door. Battery pack is located behind a front mounted keeper plate. On the XFC
6713/6714 models, the Battery is located directly behind a hinged plate on which the I/O module DIN
rails are mounted. You will need to remove the two screws located on upper and lower right side on
these models.

When removing battery pack, DO NOT remove Lithium battery from XFC-195
Board. This prevents any data stored in Board RAM, from being lost.

To extend the life of the battery pack, fully charge the battery prior to installation. A
system using solar panels may not fully charge the battery. Also a fast charge,
which the solar panel can’t provide, improves the life of the battery.
To recharge a battery, a quick charge will remove the buildup in the battery much
more effectively than a “trickle charge”. A battery slowly drained by low light
conditions on a solar charged system or setting in storage for instance, will be less
likely to recover than a battery pack that was quickly discharged from a short for
instance. Store batteries in a cool environment for less drainage.
Procedure In the following procedure, the common name for a component or it’s jumper
number if available (abbreviated J) or part is followed by a number in parentheses.
This refers to the call out item number referenced on each drawing.
Step Procedure
1. Make sure the J13 (Figure 4–1, Item 10) memory backup jumper covers
the top two pins. This enables the memory backup.
2. Either make sure “LL” battery alarm is not being displayed on XFC or
measure lithium battery and make sure it is > 3.0V.
3. Disconnect the battery charger from XFC-195 Board terminals EXT CHGR
+/- J5 (Figure 4–1, Item 20).
4. Before removing battery pack, disconnect the Battery Cable from the
XFC-195 Board connector J1 (Figure 4–1, Item 21).
5. Remove battery compartment cover (Figure 4–2 or 4–3, Item 18), which
secures battery pack in its mounting location, by slightly loosening the
three mounting screws. It is not necessary to remove screws.
6. Remove battery pack from battery compartment.
7. Insert new battery pack into battery compartment. Battery pack must be
positioned so its longest dimension fits snugly against keeper plate when
plate is installed.
Reinstall keeper plate (Figure 4–2 or 4–3, Item 18) and tighten the three
keeper plate mounting screws. Or close hinged plate and insert and
tighten the upper and lower plate keeper.
8. Reconnect battery pack cable to XFC-195 Board connector J1 (Figure 4–
1, Item 21).
9. Reconnect battery charger to XFC-195 Board terminals EXT CHGR +/-
terminals J5 (Figure 4–1, Item 20).
10. After closing XFC door, check door mounted LCD for normal operational
readings.

4-4
 • • •
• • •
• • •
• • •
• •
• • •
• •
• • •
• •
• •
• •
• • •
• • •
• • •
• •
• • • •

Figure 4–1 XFC-195 Board Cutout-Maintenance

4-5
4-6
2
1
5 3
20

xFC 6410

19

18

14
7
8 17

9
10 13

16
11

12

Figure 4–2 XFC 6410 Component/Cable Locations

 2
3
5 1

20

xFC 6413

19

15

14

7
8
17
9
10 13

11 16

12

Figure 4–3 XFC 6413 Component/Cable Locations

4-7
 Table 4–1 XFC-195 Board Identifications, Maintenance
ID Number Description

10 Memory Backup Enable/Disable

11 AMU Interface
12 Analog Input Connectors
13 RTD Connectors
14 Pulse Input and Digital Output Connectors
15 Remote Communications Connectors
16 Remote Comm 2: RS-485 Termination Jumper
17 Remote Comm 2: Module Plug-in
18 Remote Comm 1: RS-485 Termination Jumper
19 Remote Comm 1: Module Plug-in
20 External Charger
21 Battery Connection
22 I/O Module Interface
23 LCD Display Interface
24 PCCU Interface

Table 4–2 XFC 6410 and 6413 Component Identifications

ID Number Description

1 Enclosure
2 PCCU Internal Cable
3 Door
4 Radio Compartment Cover (6413/6414 only)
5 External PCCU Connector
6 LCD Display
7 Sram
8 Flash
9 Prom
10 XFC-195 Board
11 Lithium Battery
12 Battery Cover
13 Communication Module
14 Phoenix Connector Plug Module
15 TFIO Module Interface Cable (6413/6414 only)
16 AMU Interface Cable (Not on Pulse Models)
17 AMU (Not on Pulse Models)
18 Battery/Compartment Cover
19 Door Latch
20 Pipe Mounting Bracket

4-8
Replacing the Main Electronic Board (XFC-195)

The X Series Main Electronic Board (XFC-195 Board) is mounted to the backside of XFC access door. It
is mounted, to the door, on standoffs. Refer to Figure 4–2 or 4–3. On Models XFC 6713 and XFC 6714,
the XFC-195 Board is mounted below the LCD Screen

The XFC-195 Board, as with any electronic board, is susceptible to damage by

static electricity or improper handling. To prevent this from occurring, user should
wear a grounding strap.

A grounding strap is a conductive device used to make connection between the

person handling the board, and a high quality ground point. Before handling the
board you must install ground strap on your body then connect it to a grounded
point. This discharges electrical static buildup from the body to ground, preventing
static from discharging to the board.

Before removal of XFC-195 Board, be certain any historical flow data has been
saved to an external storage medium. Failure to do so could result in data loss
when XFC-195 Board is removed.

Procedure In the following procedure, the common name for a component or it’s jumper
number if available (abbreviated J) or part is followed by a number in
parentheses. This refers to the call out item number referenced on each
drawing.

Step Procedure

1. Back up configuration files following the instructions listed previously in

this chapter titled: Backing Up Configuration Files.
2. Before XFC-195 Board removal, disconnect the following associated
connectors in this order.
• If used, disconnect external charging source J5(Figure 4–1, Item 20).
• Disconnect battery pack connector J1(Figure 4–1, Item 21).
• Slide, to the right; green terminal strips J4, J6, J7 and J8 (Figure 4–1,
Item 12–15) from their associated XFC-195 Board connector. DO
NOT lift connectors upward. Tape an identifier to each connector so it
will be correctly reinserted into the same Board mounting connector
during reinstallation of XFC-195 Board.
• Disconnect PCCU Port connector J3 (Figure 4–1, Item 24).
• AMU Port connector J9 (Figure 4–1, Item 11).
• XFC LCD port connector J2 (Figure 4–1, Item 23).
• Remove cable from J15 (Figure 4–1, Item 22) if External I/O Modules
are installed.
3. Remove four mounting screws and lock washers securing XFC-195 Board
(Figure 4–2 or 4–3, Item 10) to door mounted standoffs.

When removing the XFC-195 Board, grasp its outer edges. This prevents damage to
circuitry and components.

Continued on Next Page

4-9
Replacing the Main Electronic Board (XFC-195), Continued

Step Procedure, Cont.

4. Replace and secure XFC-195 Board on four standoffs and secure in

place using four screws and lock washers. DO NOT over tighten screws.
Doing so could cause damage to Board or associated circuitry.
5. Reinstall connectors, removed in Step 1, to their associated Board
mounted connectors in the following order.
• AMU Connector J9 (Figure 4–1, Item 11)
• LCD Connector (Figure 4–1, Item 23)
• PCCU Connector J3 (Figure 4–1, Item 24)
• RTD J7 (Figure 4–1, Item 13)
• I/O Module Cable J15 (Figure 4–1, Item 22)
• Battery Pack J1 (Figure 4–1, Item 21)
• Communications J4 (Figure 4–1, Item 15)
• On-Board I/O J6 and J8 (Figure 4–1, Item 12 & 14)
• Charger Last (Figure 4–1, Item 20)
6. If you desire to restore the Configuration Files follow the instructions
found in the PCCU32 Help Files.

Replacing Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Board

The LCD Board is mounted on the backside of hinged doors behind the XFC-195 Board. To access and
remove Display Board, perform the following procedures.

Procedure In the following procedure, the common name for a component or it’s jumper
number if available (abbreviated J) or part is followed by a number in parentheses.
This refers to the call out item number referenced on each drawing.
DO NOT remove the XFC-195 Board mounted Lithium battery since it provides
power to RAM. It is recommended that historical flow data be downloaded before
accessing and removing LCD Board to prevent potential loss of stored data.

Step Procedure

1. Make sure the J13 (Figure 4–1, Item 10) memory backup jumper covers
the top two pins. This enables the memory backup.
2. Back up configuration files following the instructions listed previously in
this chapter titled: Backing Up Configuration Files.
3. To access the LCD Board, open the TOTALFLOW unit door. Board is
located behind XFC-195 Board on all Models except the XFC 6713 and
XFC 6714.
4. Disconnect the external charging unit J5 (Figure 4–1, Item 20) from the
XFC-195 Board.
5. Disconnect the Battery Pack connector J1 (Figure 4–1, Item 21) from the
board mounted connector.

Continued on Next Page

4-10
Replacing Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Board, Continued

Step Procedure, Cont.

6. Disconnect LCD Board cable connector from XFC-195 Board Display Port
connector J2 (Figure 4–1, Item 23). If you are replacing the LCD Board on
either the XFC 6713 or XFC 6714, proceed to step 9.
7. Remove four XFC-195 Board mounting screws and lock washers. DO
NOT let screws and lock washer fall onto Board circuitry.
8. Move Board away from door then support it so its circuitry does not come
in contact with any metal surface.
9. Using a 3/16” nut driver, remove four Display Board hexagonal mounting
standoffs. Lift Board from door mounted standoffs.
If Board is being returned to Totalflow for service, it is recommended that
attached ribbon cable be left connected and returned with Display Board.
10. To reinstall Display Board, perform procedures 1 to 9 in reverse order. DO
NOT over tighten screws. Once Display Board is reinstalled, apply power
to XFC and verify information displayed on LCD is correct. Adjust contrast
potentiometer (R32) for optimum display.
To adjust display contrast, use an extra small screw driver to turn potentiometer
R32 completely clockwise, then move screw back counter clockwise until screen is
readable.

Replacing AMU

Under no circumstances shall the XFC AMU cover be removed. Removal of this
cover, and entry into interior of AMU, voids AMU warranty. If the AMU requires
servicing, the entire assembly, including cable, must be removed from XFC,
securely packaged for shipping and returned to Totalflow.

Procedure In the following procedure, the common name for a component or it’s jumper
number if available (abbreviated J) or part is followed by a number in parentheses.
This refers to the call out item number referenced on each drawing.

Step Procedure

1. Make sure the J13 (Figure 4–1, Item 10) memory backup jumper covers
the top two pins. This enables the memory backup.

2. Using meter run installed Manifold high/low control valves, equalize

pressure to AMU. See Figure 4–4.
3. Using XFC high/low tap valves, close off both lines. These two valves
connect Meter Run high/low output lines to XFC.

Continued on Next Page

4-11
Replacing AMU, Continued

Step Procedure, Cont.

4. Vent manifold to atmosphere using vent valve.

5. Completely disconnect high/low Manifold lines from AMU.
6. If used, disconnect external battery charger connected to J5 (Figure 4–1,
Item 20).
7. Disconnect battery pack from J1 (Figure 4–1, Item 21).
8. Do not disconnect AMU cable with power connected. Disconnect XFC
AMU cable J9 (Figure 4–1, Item 11) from XFC-195 Board. Cable is
secured to XFC-195 Board with a Board mounting screws which must be
removed. See Figure 4–2 or 4–3.
9. Loosen XFC 2” mounting post clamps and rotate XFC a sufficient distance
to allow removal of AMU. Clearance of approximately 7” is required for
removal. After rotation, tighten clamps to hold XFC in place before
removing AMU.

When rotating XFC, be careful not to place twisting stress on attached cables.

10. Using a Phillips screwdriver, remove eight mounting screws, washers and
lock washers securing AMU to XFC cabinet. Access mounting hardware
from underside of XFC.
11. Tilt AMU slightly upwards, then remove unit. A weather sealing gasket is
affixed to top side of AMU mounting flange.

During reinstallation of AMU, weather sealing gasket must be reinstalled between

the AMU and bottom of XFC to keep out moisture and dust.

12. To install AMU, perform steps 2 to 11 in reverse order. When installing

AMU, the eight mounting screws should be securely tightened to keep our
external environmental elements.

Before placing AMU back into operation, the XFC MUST be calibrated. Refer to
Calibration Procedure; Chapter 3 for detailed procedures.

4-12
 XFC 6413

LOW SIDE HIGH SIDE

LEFT RIGHT
DIFFERENTIAL L H DIFFERENTIAL
PORT PORT

BYPASS ALTERNATE
BYPASS
LOW SIDE HIGH SIDE PRESSURE
VALVE VALVE SOURCE

VENT TO
ATMOSPHERE

ORIFICE
VALVES-TO PIPE
RUN

Figure 4–4 Flow Computer with Discrete Manifold

4-13
Calibration Overview

The calibration mode allows you to calibrate, check and zero the static and differential pressure. In
addition, this mode allows you to set the (bias) for the Resistance Temperature Detector (RTD).
During the initial calibration, the parameters shown in Table 4–3 will need to be configured.

Table 4–3 Calibration Configurable Parameters

Parameter Default Value Units

Fixed Temperature 60.0000 Degrees F

RTD installed No

Temperature Base (Tb) 60.0000 Degrees F

Required Test The following test equipment is required to calibrate the XFC AMU/IMV :
Equipment • PCCU (either laptop with PCCU32 software or FS/2
• Deadweight tester or equivalent calibration standard
• Test Gauge capable of dual range measurement (PSIG and Inches)
• Barometer or another means which can determine barometric pressure
• Nitrogen or compressed air source
If a method other than the 'compressed nitrogen / deadweight tester' method is
used to calibrate Static Pressure cell, you must ensure that the prescribed Flange
Tap valves are blocked to prevent false differential pressure from being applied to
DP cell. Also ensure that both high and low sides are pressured up during SP
calibration.

Hold Mode When calibrating the AMU or setting up a fixed temperature, the PCCU will instruct
the XFC to ignore live values for the flow calculations for the period of time the XFC
is being calibrated. This prevents real time XFC flow calculations from being
affected during the calibration. During this time the XFC uses SP, DP and
temperature captured at the time calibration mode was entered. (This is called the
“HOLD” mode.)

To exit the Hold mode:

1. Exit Calibration mode
2. Unplug DATA cable at XFC connector
Totalflow recommends performing a five point check before and after calibration.
During normal operation, either cell could be knocked out of calibration (typically
due to a slug of liquid). WinCCU, the host software, is capable of recalculating the
volume based on the differences between the previous five point check and the
current five point check.

After a secure audit trail is archived, WinCCU recalculates the flow volumes based
on the previous and current markers, this allows more accurate results of the flow
volume.

4-14
Checking Static Pressure (SP)

The XFC allows you to check the Static Pressure Calibration and log the pressure marker check points.
You should perform this check prior to and directly following the calibration.

During normal operation of the XFC, the display provides continuous SP readouts. However during this
procedure the XFC is placed in a temporary hold mode.

You can enter as many SP pressure markers as you desire. Recording too many markers could cause
the XFC to overwrite existing older events. Only the last five checks are used by the WINCCU editor for
calibration adjustment. Enter a low, mid-low, mid, mid-high and high value.

During this procedure, you will pressure both sides of the cell by closing both the
high and low side orifice valves, open the vent to atmosphere, then closing the
atmosphere vent and opening both high and low bypass valves.

The resulting comparison pressure must not be greater than the static pressure
cell's maximum pressure.

Calibrating Static Pressure (SP)

A three or five point pressure method is used to calibrate the XFC Static Pressure cell. These different
pressures are applied to the cell from a known traceable source with resultant pressure values entered
into the XFC using PCCU software.

When doing the following procedures wait for the XFC display to stabilize. If the XFC is not in the
calibration mode the display will not necessarily match applied cell pressures.

The XFC uses an absolute Static Pressure (SP) Cell. Absolute pressure measures
the pressure referenced to a vacuum or sealed chamber. This is different than a
guage cell which measures the pressure referenced to the atmosphere.

It is recommended that the initial calibration point be at vented conditions and when
doing so that the barometric pressure reading (in psi) be used as the initial point.

Since the static pressure cell is an absolute device, it always measures the true
pressure relative to a vaccum or sealed chamber. Thus when vented, it measures
true barometric pressure.

For other points of calibration, add reading of PSI and barometric pressure to arrive
at psia, then enter this reading.

To convert barometric pressure measured from inches of mercury to Barometric

Pressure (psi), perform the following calculation:

Barometric pressure, in inches of mercury x .4912 or ( ÷ 2.036) equals Barometric

Pressure in psi.

4-15
Checking Differential Pressure (DP)

As discussed above under “Checking Static Pressure (SP) Calibration”, it is recommended that checks
of the Differential Pressure (DP) be done prior to and directly following calibration.

You can enter as many DP pressure markers as you desire. Recording too many markers may cause
the XFC to overwrite existing older events. Only the last five checks are used by the WINCCU editor for
calibration adjustment. Enter a low, mid-low, mid, mid-high and high value.

During this procedure, you will pressure the high side of the cell by closing both the
high and low side orifice valves, open the vent to atmosphere and the low side
bypass valve, and closing the high side bypass valve.

Calibrating Differential Pressure (DP)

A three or five point pressure method is used to calibrate the XFC Differential Pressure cell. These
different pressures are applied to the cell from a known traceable source with resultant pressure values
entered into the XFC using PCCU software.

During factory calibration, the Differential Pressure (DP) is set to zero to compensate for any leaks that
may be detected. After field calibration of the unit, the correction made at the factory remains as is. This
ensures that the readings received in the field are accurate. The user may not change the factory set
shift. If readings appear incorrect, you may need to check for leaks and then re-calibrate the DP.

When calibrating, wait for the readings to stabilize before entering the new values.

On-Board I/O Calibration Overview

The calibration mode enables the calibration of the Analog Inputs, Analog Outputs (TFIO Module) and
Pulse Inputs.

Hold Mode When calibrating, PCCU will instruct the XFC to ignore live values for the period
of time the XFC is being calibrated. This prevents real time XFC calculations from
being affected during the calibration. During this time the XFC uses the last know
value at the time calibration mode was entered. (This is called the “HOLD” mode.)

To exit the Hold mode:

1. Exit Calibration mode

2. Unplug DATA cable at XFC connector

4-16
Calibrating On-Board Analog Input

Overview The Totalflow XFC comes standard with 2 analog inputs on the XFC-195 Board. As
you enter calibration, the XFC enters the Hold Mode and displays the current values.

The Current Values section will display the current values continuously by checking
the "Update" box. When different analog inputs are selected, their assigned register
numbers are displayed on the top of the screen.

Follow the instructions in the PCCU32 Help files for specific software steps. Generally
you need to complete the following procedures.

Calibration Step Procedure

1. Connect an accurate power source capable of 1 - 5 volts to the AI terminals to

be calibrated.
2. In Calibration Control for the AI you are calibrating, select either 3 Point or 5
Point for number of calibration points. 3 Point for low, 50% and 100% values
and 5 Point for low, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% values.
3. In the Current Value box, check the Update button. This causes the AI to look
for it's source at the terminals instead of a Test Value.
4. Begin the calibration starting with the first selection, Low Calculation Point.
5. Apply 1 volt to the AI terminals.
6. Enter a value (typically zero) representing the Low Cal Point and representing
the desired engineering units. Click the OK button.
Note: The Current Reading value on the pop up entry screens will be placed in the
Reading column and represent values from the previous calibration. User
entered values will be displayed in the Entry column.

7. Move to the 100% Calibration Value.

8. Apply 5 volts to the AI terminals.
9. Enter a value representing full range and representing the desired
engineering units. Click the OK button.
10. If 3 Point calibration was selected, move to the 50% Calibration Value.
11. Apply 3 volts to the AI terminals.
12. Enter a value representing 50% and representing the desired engineering
units.
Note: If Preforming a 5 point calibration, you will need to add additional steps for the
25% and 75% Calculation points.

4-17
Calibrating On-Board Pulse and Digital Inputs

Overview Totalflow XFC comes standard with 2 high speed Pulse Inputs on board. These may
also be used as Digital Inputs. The following procedure is for calibrating Pulse Inputs.
As you enter the calibration screen and have selected the P/I that you would like to
calibrate, the XFC enters the Hold Mode and displays the current values and their
register number.

The Current Values section will display the current values continuously by checking
the "Update" box. When different analog inputs are selected, their assigned register
numbers are displayed on the top of the screen.

Follow the instructions in the PCCU32 Help files for specific software steps. Generally
you need to complete the following procedure.

Calibration Step Procedure

1. Click on the K-Factor button, enter a value and click the OK button. Input
pulses are multiplied by the K-Factor. To have a one to one pulse count, use
a factor of 1.
Please take into consideration that these inputs may have the debounce enabled or
disabled. This feature is discussed in the PCCU32 Help files and is also turned on or
off within PCCU32.

Calibrating TFIO Module Analog Outputs

Overview The following procedure is for calibrating Analog Outputs contained on the XFC TFIO
Analog Output Modules. As you enter the calibration screen and have selected the
A/O that you would like to calibrate, the XFC enters the Hold Mode and displays the
current values and their register number.
The Current Values section will display the current values continuously by checking
the "Update" box. When different analog inputs are selected, their assigned register
numbers are displayed on the top of the screen. Follow the instructions in the
PCCU32 Help files for specific software steps. Generally you need to complete the
following procedures.
Calibration Step Procedure

1. Connect a meter capable of reading 4 - 20 ma signal to the analog output

terminals to be calibrated.
2. Click on the Low Cal button and verify that the meter's reading has stabilized
at approximately 4 ma.
3. Enter the meter's reading in the Enter Measured Value window and click the
OK button.
4. Click on the High Cal button and verify that the meter's reading has stabilized
at approximately 20 ma.
5. Enter the meter's reading in the Enter Measured Value window and click the
OK button.
6. To test the calibration, click on the appropriate AO button in the Current
Values section and enter a value 0 - 100% and note the reading on the meter.
(25% = 8 ma, 50% = 12ma, 75% = 16 ma, 100% = 20 ma)

4-18
How to Change Orifice Plate

Use one of the following procedures when changing an orifice plate.

Taking Run Out-of-Service Procedure (Simplex Fitting)

Step Procedure

1. Take meter run out of service.

2. Replace the orifice plate.
3. If you would like to record a Volume Calculation, go to the Entry screen,
select the measurement tube, and move to the Commands tab. Change
the value for the Reset Log Period to Yes. This forces a new record to be
written based on the old orifice plate size. If you would also like to
simultaneously zero the accumulated volume, you may use the Reset
Volume command instead.
While seemingly unnecessary, if the Volume Calculation Period is set to
anything less than 60 minutes, TotalFlow recommends performing either
the Reset Log Period or the Reset Volume command to enhance the audit
trail created by the event.
4. In PCCU, enter the new orifice plate diameter.
5. Return meter to service.

Leaving Run In-Service Procedure (Senior Fitting)

Step Procedure

1. Place XFC in HOLD, by entering the calibration mode, so constant SP, DP

and Temperature values are used, while the orifice plate is being changed.
2. Replace the orifice plate.
3. Exit the Calibration mode, releasing the Hold of the SP, DP and
Temperature.
4. If you would like to record a Volume Calculation, go to the Entry screen,
select the measurement tube, and move to the Commands tab. Change
the value for the Reset Log Period to Yes. This forces a new record to be
written based on the old orifice plate size. If you would also like to
simultaneously zero the accumulated volume, you may use the Reset
Volume command instead.
While seemingly unnecessary, if the Volume Calculation Period is set to
anything less than 60 minutes, TotalFlow recommends performing either
the Reset Log Period or the Reset Volume command to enhance the audit
trail created by the event.
5. In PCCU, enter the new orifice plate diameter.

At top of next Volume Calculation Period, the XFC will do calculations based on new
orifice plate diameter for the part of the period after the log was reset.

4-19
Zero Transducer

During the process of setting pressure markers to determine the need for a calibration of either the
Static Pressure (SP) or the Differential Pressure (DP), you may conclude that the SP or the DP
pressures are out of alignment exactly the same amount at each pressure marker (linear shift). When
this occurs, you may either re-calibrate the XFC or you may set the Transducer to zero. The preferred
method is to re-calibrate the XFC. This maintains the XFC records in a manner that is assures
accountability and continuity when other measurement issues arise. By using the Zero Transducer
command, all references to previous pressure markers are non-existent, eliminating the ability to adjust
volumes based on previous markers.

Using the Zero Transducer capability assumes that the shift is Linear, meaning
that at different levels of pressure that the AMU is off by exactly the same amount.
If this is not the case, you need to re-calibrate the AMU instead.
Static The SP can be zeroed without re-calibrating. If the SP shifts, user can enter a new
Pressure barometric pressure value. This shifts the SP AMU curve. After the HOLD state
begins, select Zero Transducer.

Differential The DP can be zeroed without re-calibrating. If DP shifts, user can enter a new
Pressure zero (0). This shifts the DP curve. After the HOLD state begins, select Zero.

Replacing Static Pressure Transducer

Under no circumstances shall the XFC Static Pressure Transducer cover be

removed. Removal of this cover, and entry into interior of Static Pressure
Transducer, voids the warranty. If the Static Pressure Transducer requires
servicing, the entire assembly, including cable, must be removed from XFC,
securely packaged for shipping and returned to Totalflow.

Procedure In the following procedure, the common name for a component or it’s jumper
number if available (abbreviated J) or part is followed by a number in parentheses.
This refers to the call out item number referenced on each drawing.
Step Procedure

1. Make sure the J13 (Figure 4–1, Item 10) memory backup jumper covers
the top two pins. This enables the memory backup.
2. Using user installed static pressure transducer impulse line isolation valve,
close and isolate static pressure to transducer. See Figure 4–5.
3. Using user installed static pressure transducer calibration three way valve,
close and isolate pressure to transducer and open test port to vent static
pressure from transducer.
4. Remove static pressure impulse line connections from transducer.
5. If used, disconnect external battery charger connected to J5 (Figure 4–1,
Item 20).
6. Disconnect battery pack from J1 (Figure 4–1, Item 21).

Continued on Next Page

4-20
Replacing Static Pressure Transducer, Continued

Step Procedure, Cont.

7. Do not disconnect cable with power connected. Disconnect XFC

Transducer cable from XFC-195 Board (Figure 4–1, Item 11). Cable is
secured to XFC-195 Board with a Board mounting screw which must be
removed.
8. Remove cable from Static Pressure Transducer connector.
9. Loosen FCU 2” mounting post clamps and rotate XFC a sufficient distance
to allow removal of Static Pressure Transducer. Clearance of
approximately 7” is required for removal. After rotation, tighten clamps to
hold XFC in place before removing Static Pressure Transducer.

When rotating XFC, be careful not to place twisting stress on attached cables.

6411 FLOW COMPUTER

Figure 4–5 Flow Computer with Pulse Meter

Continued on Next Page

4-21
Replacing Static Pressure Transducer, Continued

Step Procedure, Cont.

10. Using a Phillips screwdriver, remove eight mounting screws, washers and
lock washers securing Static Pressure Transducer to XFC cabinet. Access
mounting hardware from underside of XFC.
11. Tilt Static Pressure Transducer slightly upwards then remove unit. A
weather sealing gasket is affixed to top side of Static Pressure Transducer
mounting flange.

During reinstallation of Transducer, weather sealing gasket must be reinstalled

between the Transducer and bottom of XFC to keep out moisture and dust.

12. To install Static Pressure Transducer, perform steps 2 to 11 in reverse

order. When installing the Transducer, the eight mounting screws should
be securely tightened to keep external environmental elements from
entering FCU interior.

Before placing Static Pressure Transducer back into operation, the XFC MUST be
calibrated. Refer to Calibration Procedure, in this chapter for detailed procedures.

4-22
 Chapter 5
Troubleshooting
Overview

This Chapter contains troubleshooting tables to correct most XFC alarm code condition(s). The alarm
codes flag you that an operational problem exists, and are visible on the front door LCD.

The Troubleshooting Tables are designed to match an alarm code with its probable cause(s) and the
corrective procedure(s). Besides these tables, this Chapter contains procedures for setup and
troubleshooting with an installed radio communication unit.

See Table 5–1 and Figure 5–1 for XFC-195 Board Troubleshooting Component locations.

Highlights This Chapter covers the following topics:

Topic See Page

Overview 5-1
Reset Procedures 5-3
Visual Alarm Codes 5-4
System Troubleshooting 5-5
Communications Troubleshooting 5-8
Troubleshooting RS-232 Serial Communications 5-9
Troubleshooting RS-485 Communications 5-11

Table 5–1 XFC-195 Board Identifiers, Troubleshooting

ID Number Description

10 Memory Backup Enable/Disable

11 AMU Interface
12 Analog Input Connectors
13 RTD Connectors
14 Pulse Input and Digital Output Connectors
15 Remote Communications Connectors
16 Remote Comm 2: RS-485 Termination Jumper
17 Remote Comm 2: Module Plug-in
18 Remote Comm 1: RS-485 Termination Jumper
19 Remote Comm 1: Module Plug-in
20 External Charger
21 Battery Connection
22 I/O Module Interface

5-1
 • • •
• • •
• • •
• • •
• •
• • •
• •
• • •
• •
• •
• •
• • •
• • •
• • •
• •
• • • •

Figure 5–1 XFC-195 Board Cutout-Troubleshooting

5-2
Reset Procedures

The XFC operating system can be reset through either a cold or warm start procedure. The decision to
use these procedures should only be made by an experienced technician.

Cold Start A cold start clears all the data that is stored in RAM as well as resetting all entered
variables to their factory default values. A cold start should be used for new XFC
installations. This will ensure that all memory is clear and the operating program is
at its default settings. Discretionary use of this procedure is advised.

Cold Start In the following procedure, the common name for a component or it’s jumper
Procedures number if available (abbreviated J) or part is followed by a number in parentheses.
(Hardware) This refers to the call out item number referenced on each drawing.

Step Procedure

1. If an external charging source is connected, it must be disconnected. Slide

external charger terminal block J5 (Figure 5–1, Item 20) from the XFC-195
Board.
2. Disconnect battery pack connector from XFC-195 Board BAT CONN
connector J1 (Figure 5–1, Item 21).
3. Disable Memory Backup J13 (Figure 5–1, Item 10), by moving the pin
jumper to pins 2 and 3.
4. To return to service reconnect 12 Vdc battery pack connector to XFC-195
Board BAT CONN connector J1 (Figure 5–1, Item 21) and observe LCD .
5. If removed, reconnect external charging source to EXT CHGR connector
J5 (Figure 5–1, Item 20).
6. Enter all necessary parameters or send a saved setup file and calibrate
XFC. See chapter 3.0, XFC Startup.
7. When XFC has been cold started, the 24 hour clock will be reset to
00:00:00.
8. Enable Memory Backup J13 (Figure 5–1, Item 10), by moving the pin
jumper to pins 1 and 2.

Cold Start
Procedures
(Software)

Step Procedure

1. Using PCCU, in the terminal mode, type this command exactly as shown:
boot=COLD

Continued on Next Page

5-3
Reset Procedures, Continued

Warm Start A warm start occurs when the charging source and main power is removed, then re-
applied while memory backup is enabled. This does not clear the data stored in
RAM. The warm start will only reset the XFC microprocessor and not disturb any
data that has been stored in RAM. A warm start should be used when taking an XFC
out service to perform maintenance or troubleshooting. A warm start can be used
when a power or communication interruption caused the XFC microprocessor to
lock-up.

Warm Start In the following procedure, the common name for a component or it’s jumper number
Procedures if available (abbreviated J) or part is followed by a number in parentheses. This
refers to the call out item number referenced on each drawing.

Step Procedure

1. If an external charging source is connected, it must be disconnected. Slide

external charger terminal block J5 (Figure 5–1, Item 20) from the XFC-195
Board.
2. Enable Memory Backup J13 (Figure 5–1, Item 10), by moving the pin
jumper to pins 1 and 2.
3. Disconnect battery pack connector from XFC-195 Board BAT CONN
connector J1 (Figure 5–1, Item 21). The XFC is now out of service.
4. To place XFC in service, connect battery pack connector J1 (Figure 5–1,
Item 21).
5. Connect the EXT CHGR terminal block J5 (Figure 5–1, Item 20).

Visual Alarm Codes

After the XFC completes recording hourly flow and operational records the LCD will show any alarm
conditions that have occurred. Also, the date, hour and type of alarm conditions are stored in the XFC
memory. An alarm can be a word, character, letter or symbol. The entire list of Status and Alarm
codes may be found in Chapter 1, Table 1–2. For the purpose of troubleshooting, only those codes
considered to be as alarms are discussed here. A description of each XFC alarm code, is described in
Table 5–2.

Figure 5–2 Liquid Crystal Display and Indicators

Continued on Next Page

5-4
Visual Alarm Codes, continued

Table 5–2 Visual Alarm Codes

Annunciator Description
L
L Low Lithium Battery Alarm: When LL (low lithium) is displayed, lithium battery voltage is
below 2.5 Vdc. A new lithium battery measures approximately 3.6 Vdc.
L Low Charger. Displayed if XFC battery charging voltage is less than 0.4 Vdc above the
C
battery voltage.
A A to D Failure. Displayed if A to D Converter Absolute Differential Pressure, Absolute
D
Static Pressure or temperature readings exceed maximum counts or are less than
minimum counts.

System Troubleshooting

System indicated alarm conditions and their probable cause, including SLEEP mode, and procedure(s)
for correcting the problem, are presented below in Table 5–3.

Table 5–3 Troubleshooting

Indicator Probable Cause Procedure

In the following procedure, the common name for a component or it’s jumper number if available
(abbreviated J) or part is followed by a number in parentheses. This refers to the call out item number
referenced on each drawing.
SLEEP Battery Voltage Make a local connection with the XFC. This wakes up the unit
Below 10.9 VDC so that you may check all alarm conditions and determine the
problem.
1. Check battery pack cable. It must make a good secure
electrical connection with the main board BAT CONN
connector J1(Figure 5–1, Item 21).
2. Check battery pack cable is securely connected to battery.
3. If battery pack cable is securely connected on both ends,
check battery pack voltage. If voltage is low, replace with
another battery pack.
LC Charging Source Check battery pack charging source with PCCU Monitor Mode.
Below 0.4 Vdc This is for either Solar or externally connected charging
Plus Battery sources.
Pack Voltage

Table Continued on Next Page

5-5
System Troubleshooting, Continued

Table 5–3 Troubleshooting, Continued

Indicator Probable Cause Procedure

L
C Solar Power In low sun light conditions, the display normally shows LC.
Charging Unit 1. Check solar panel angle and direction. In northern
hemisphere, panel should face due south and in southern
hemisphere, due north.
2. Check solar panel for any physical damage or obstructions
to sunlight. Sunlight obstruction prevents solar panel from
receiving enough sunlight to charge installed battery pack.
3. Solar panel should be positioned so it receives the most
sunlight. Do not place it in a shaded area.
4. Check solar panel wiring to be certain it is correctly
connected to associated XFC-195 Board termination block
J5 (Figure 5–1, Item 20).
5. Solar panel should be checked under load, using a
diagnostic test kit.
6. If solar panel wiring is correct, sunlight is not obstructed and
voltage does not increase above 0.4 VDC under bright
sunlight, replace Solar Panel.
L
C AC Power Unit 1. Check AC charger wiring to XFC termination block connector
J5 (Figure 5–1, Item 20). Be certain wiring is correct.
2. Check input AC voltage to external AC charging unit. Be
certain primary AC voltage is correct.
3. If input primary AC voltage level is correct, wiring to XFC
XFC-195 Board terminal is correct and there is no DC output
from the charger, replace charger fuse.
4. If fuse is not faulty or there is no charger DC output voltage
after replacing fuse, replace AC charging unit.
A
D A/D Converter is This alarm condition can be caused by differential pressure,
Over or Under static pressure or the temperature being out of measurement
Range range.
1. Check SP, DP and temperature to determine which
measurement channel is causing the alarm. In the PCCU
Entry screen, enter the Monitor mode by clicking on the I/O
subsystem.

Table Continued on Next Page

5-6
System Troubleshooting, Continued

Table 5–3 Troubleshooting, Continued

Indicator Probable Cause Procedure

A
D Temperature A faulty RTD Probe, or loose wiring connection(s), can cause
Measurement an AD alarm code.
Causing Alarm 1. Check RTD wiring on XFC-195 Board terminal connector J7
(Figure 5–1, Item 13).
2. To determine if problem is with the RTD Probe or main
board, disconnect RTD wiring connector from main board
connector J7 (Figure 5–1, Item 13) and perform either of the
following two procedures:
A) Substituting RTD Probe with Resistor: These procedures
are performed on the main board.

1. Connect a 100-ohm resistor across connector J7

(Figure 5–1, Item 13) RTD OUT terminals 3 and 4.
2. Connect a jumper wire from J7 (Figure 5–1, Item 13)
terminals 2 and 3.
3. Connect a jumper wire from J7 (Figure 5–1, Item 13)
terminals 4 and 5.
4. The XFC LCD should read approximately 32°F with the
100 ohm resistor connected.
5. If temperature is approximately 32°F and AD error goes
away, RTD probe is faulty and should be replaced. If
temperature is not 32°F, XFC-195 Board or AMU is
faulty and should be replaced.

B) RTD Probe Resistive Impedance Check:

1. Immerse RTD Probe in ice bath.

2. Perform a continuity check between any two similar
colored wires. Measured resistance should be 1-ohm or
less.
3. Perform a continuity check between any two
dissimilarity colored wires. Measured resistance should
be approximately 100 ohms.
4. Perform a continuity between RTD shield and any other
wire. Measured resistance should be in the megohm
range.

5-7
Communications Troubleshooting

These troubleshooting procedures are applicable only to a XFC with an installed radio communication
unit. The two basic types of radio communications that can be used between the XFC and a radio
receiver, are:

RS-232 Communications: Communication is accomplished using an RS-232 Module, installed in the

XFC-195 Board.

RS-485 Communications: Communication is accomplished using an RS-485 Module, installed in the

XFC-195 Board.

Before removal or installation of either the above communication interface

modules, it is important that you disconnect XFC external battery charger and
main XFC battery pack cable connectors from XFC-195 Board. Refer to Figure
5–1.
Setting Up After installation of communication equipment and before placing the
Communication communication system into operation, the user should note the following:
1. Verify RS-232 or RS485 Interface Modules, cables, associated XFC-195
Board MODULE RS-485 or RS-232 connector and radio are correctly
installed.
2. Check XFC identifier (ID). Log the ID for future reference.
3. Log XFC access security code, baud rate, listen cycle, protocol and interface
for future reference.
The following helpful hints aid the user after communication equipment has been
installed and setup:
1. When communication equipment is powered on, XFC displays the → after it
recognizes the XFC ID and is responding.
2. Check baud rate of XFC transmission and LISTEN time settings. The baud
rate and time settings can be changed when PCCU is in ENTRY mode.
Default settings are 1200 baud and listening time is 4 seconds and
communications interface is turned off.
To check for wiring shorts or opens with two or more wire connections, use a
multimeter set on continuity (resistance). Check two wires at a time from one
device to another and back. If black and white wires are to be tested, disconnect
both wires at both ends, set one probe on black, and the other on white. The
meter should read OL or OFL (over range) if no shorts. Jumper the two wires at
the other end. The meter should read allow resistance if no opens. This method
requires only one end of the wiring to be tested, no matter how far the devices
are apart.

5-8
Troubleshooting RS-232 Serial Communications

The following RS-232 Serial Communication troubleshooting procedures will assist the user in what may
be the possible cause for indicated error message. Refer to Table 5–4.

Voltage may be difficult to see using a digital voltmeter. It can be seen using an
oscilloscope.

Verify voltage by continuously polling XFC from CCU.

Table 5–4 Troubleshooting RS-232 Serial Communications

Error Check Procedure

Condition

In the following procedure, the common name for a component or it’s jumper number if available
(abbreviated J) or part is followed by a number in parentheses. This refers to the call out item number
referenced on each drawing.
Not Responding Battery Voltage Verify battery pack voltage is greater than 11.5 Vdc.
ID Number Verify ID number and security code are correct.
/Security Code
Wiring Verify XFC-195 Board wiring to radio transceiver is correct.
SWVBATT Using a digital voltmeter, measure transceiver SWVBATT DC
Supply Voltage supply voltage between the following XFC-195 Board J4 (Figure 5–
1, Item 15) connector terminals. Voltage should be greater than
11.5 Vdc.
J4–1 (GND [BLK]) and
J4–3 (SWVBATT [WHT])
The SWVBATT voltage should pulse once every four (4) seconds
for a time duration of approximately 350 milliseconds (Baud rate
dependent 350 ms @ 1200 Baud). Voltage must be at least 11.5
Vdc.
Receiving Data Using an oscilloscope or digital voltmeter, connect it to XFC-195
(RXD+) Voltage Board J4 (Figure 5–1, Item 15) connector across the following
terminals.
J4–1 (GND [BLK]) and
J4–6 (RXD+ [BRN])
When communication data is being transmitted from CCU to XFC,
voltage should vary between +5 Vdc and -5 Vdc.
Request To Using an oscilloscope or digital voltmeter, connect measuring
Send (RTS) device to XFC-195 Board J4 (Figure 5–1, Item 15) green connector
Voltage across the following terminals. When XFC is sending
communication data to CCU, voltage should be +5 Vdc.

J4–1 (GND) and J4–8 (RTS) COM1

J4–1 (GND) and J4–14 (RTS) COM2

Table Continued on Next Page

5-9
Troubleshooting RS-232 Serial Communications, Continued

Table 5–4 Troubleshooting RS-232 Serial Communications, Continued

Error Condition Check Procedure

Not Transmitting Using an oscilloscope or digital voltmeter, connect measuring

Responding, Data (TXD+) device to XFC-195 Board J4 (Figure 5–1, Item 15) green connector
Continued Voltage across the following terminals. When communication data is being
transmitted from the XFC, voltage should vary between +5 Vdc and
-5 Vdc.
J4–1 (GND) and J4–4 (TXD+) COM 1
J4–1 (GND) and J4–12 (TXD+) COM2
Problem(s) Still 1. Using two (2) hand-held transceivers, check communication
Exists path between Master and Remote sites. If available, voice
activated interface can be used.
3. Using a wattmeter, check transceiver output power. Refer to
manufacturer’s documentation for measuring instructions.
4. Verify that transceiver is on correct frequency. Refer to
manufacturer’s documentation for checking frequency
instructions.
5. Verify orientation of antenna if directional.

5-10
Troubleshooting RS-485 Communications

The following RS-485 Communications troubleshooting procedures will assist the user in what may be
the possible cause for indicated error message. Refer to Table 5–5. In the following procedure, the
common name for a component or it’s jumper number if available (abbreviated J) or part is followed by
a number in parentheses. Refer to Figure 5–1 for location of XFC-195 Board connections.

Voltage may be difficult to see using a digital voltmeter. It can be seen using an
oscilloscope.
Verify voltage by continuously polling XFC from CCU.

Table 5–5 Troubleshooting RS-485 Communications

Error Condition Check Procedure

In the following procedure, the common name for a component or it’s jumper number if available
(abbreviated J) or part is followed by a number in parentheses. This refers to the call out item number
referenced on each drawing.
Not Responding Battery Voltage Verify battery pack voltage is at least 11.5 Vdc.
Board to Radio Verify wiring from UCI Board to Radio Transceiver Assembly is
TXD+ Wiring correct. Verify UCI Board jumper settings are correct.
Board to UCI Verify that XFC-195 Board wiring, to optional UCI (Universal
Wiring Communications Interface) Board or Radio Modem Assembly, is
correct.
ID Number Verify that ID number and security code are correct.
/Security Code
Modem to Radio Verify wiring from Radio Modem Assembly to Radio Transceiver
TXD+ Wiring Assembly is correct.
Power to transceiver can be provided from an external power supply. This allows
XFC to switch external power to transceiver. Switching is accomplished using a
12VDC switch line connected to J4–3 (WHT). Refer to Measuring SWVBATT
Transceiver Supply Switch Voltage. If this option is used, J4–2 (V-BATT) is not
used.
V-BATT Supply Using a digital voltmeter, measure transceiver V-BATT power
Voltage supply voltage between the following XFC-195 Board J4 (Figure
5–1, Item 15) connector terminals. Switched voltage should be
greater than 11.5 Vdc.
J4–1 (GND [BLK]) and
J4–2 (V-BATT)
Line Driver Using an oscilloscope or digital voltmeter, connect it to XFC-195
voltage Board J4 (Figure 5–1, Item 15) connector between the following
terminals. Voltage should vary between +5 Vdc and 0 Vdc when
communication data is being transmitted from CCU to XFC.
J4–4 (BUS+) and J4–6 (BUS-) COM1
J4–12 (BUS+) and J4–13 (BUS-) COM2

Table Continued on Next Page

5-11
Troubleshooting RS-485 Communications, Continued

Table 5–5 Troubleshooting RS-485 Communications, Continued

Error Condition Check Procedure

Not Responding, Request to Send Using an oscilloscope or digital voltmeter, connect it to XFC-195
Continued (RTS) Voltage Board J4 (Figure 5–1, Item 15) connector between the following
terminals. Voltage should be +5 Vdc when sending data to CCU.
0V when not transmitting.
J4–1 (GRD) and J4–8 (RTS) COM1
J4–1 (GRD) and J4–14 (RTS) COM2
When RTS is high, transmitter must be keyed and transmitting
data.
Problem(s) Still 2. Using two hand-held transceivers, check communication
Exist path between Master and Remote sites. If available, voice
activated interface can be used.
6. Using a wattmeter, check transceiver output power. Refer to
wattmeter manufacturers documentation for operating
instructions.
7. Verify that transceiver is on correct frequency. Refer to
transceiver manufacturer’s documentation for procedures to
check frequency.
8. Verify transceiver settings.

5-12
 Chapter 6
®
Totalflow Definitions and Acronyms
TERM DEFINITION

µ Greek letter for “mu”. Often used in math and engineering as the symbol for “micro”.
Pronounced as a long u.
µ FLO Totalflow’s Micro Flow Computer is a low power, microprocessor based units
designed to meet a wide range of measurement, monitor and alarming applications
for remote gas systems, while being a cost effective alternative.

µ FLO IMV µFLO’s measurement and operational features are housed in this single unit
assembly. The main electronic board (µFLO-195 Board), communication
connection, power, SP, DP and Temperature readings are all housed in this unit.

µ FLO-2100767 Board Main Electronic Board used in the µFLO Computers. It is housed on the IMV and
operates at 195 MHz while drawing minimal power.

µ Sec Micro Second.

*.CSV file See Comma Separated Values.

*.INI file See Initialization File.
A/D Analog-to-digital.
ABB Inc. Asea, Brown & Boveri, parent company of Totalflow
Absolute Pressure Gauge pressure plus barometric pressure. Absolute pressure is used by most
Totalflow devices for flow calculations.
Absolute Zero The zero point on the absolute temperature scale. It is equal to -273.16 degrees C,
or 0 degrees K (Kelvin), or -459.69 degrees F, or 0 degrees R (Rankine).
AC See Alternating Current.
ACK See Acknowledgment
Acknowledgment This refers to a response over a remote communication device to a request such as
a PING. Basically, saying, "I'm here, and I saw your request!"
ACM See Analyzer Control Module.
Active Analog Output Analog Output to a host providing power to the host.
Active Mode An operational mode used by the LevelMaster for measuring dual float levels by
applying a signal to the primary windings, reading the voltage level on the
secondary windings and using an algorithm to determine the oil and water levels.
ADC See Analog-to-Digital Converter.
Address A unique memory designation for location of data or the identity of a peripheral
device; allows each device on a single communications line to respond to its own
message.
Aerial A length of wire designed to transmit or receive radio waves. (See also Antenna)
Aerosol Liquids Minute liquid paraticles suspended in gas. Aerosols will behave like a fluid and can
be transported by pipes and pumping. When aerosols contact each other they
coalesce into droplets. Aerosols may be present in gas, or may be generated by
glow shearing off the skim inside of a pipeline.
AGA American Gas Association. Trade group representing natural gas distributors and
pipelines.
AGA-3 American Gas Association Report No. 3, method of calculating gas volume across
an Orifice Plate.
AGA-5 American Gas Association Report No. 5, methods (Volume, Mass or Energy) for
calculating BTUs without knowing the composition of the gas.

6-1
 TERM DEFINITION

AGA-7 American Gas Association Report No. 7, method of calculating gas volume using a
Pulse Meter.
AGA-8 American Gas Association Report No. 8, method of calculating the Super
Compressibility Factor, Fpv.
AGC Automatic Gain Control
AH See Ampere-Hour.
AI Analog Input
Alkane The simplest homologous series of saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons, consisting of
methane, ethane, propane, butane; also know as olefins.
Alternating Current An electric current whose direction changes with a frequency independent of circuit
components.
Aluminum Powder Coating Totalflow aluminum enclosures have a baked-on Powder Coating designed to our
specifications to ensure paint adhesion, weather resistance and durability.
Amp See Ampere.
Ampere The unit of electrical current. Also milliamp (one thousandth of an amp) and
microamp (one millionth of an amp). One amp corresponds to the flow of about 6 x
1018 electrons per second.
Ampere-Hour The quantity of electricity measured in ampere-hours (Ah) which may be delivered
by a cell or battery under specified conditions. A current of one ampere flowing
for one hour.
Ampere-Hour Efficiency The ratio of the output of a secondary cell or battery, measured in ampere-hours, to
the input required to restore the initial state of charge, under specified conditions.
Amplitude The highest value reached by voltage, current or power during a complete cycle.
Amplitude Modulation Where audio signals increase and decrease the amplitude of the "carrier wave".
AMU See Analog Measurement Unit.
AMU/IMV Generic reference to the Measurement unit. See (Integral) Multivariable Transducer
for more definition.
Analog A system in which data is represented as a continuously varying voltage/current.
Analog Input Data received as varying voltage/current.
Analog Measurement Unit A device for converting energy from one form to another. (e.g. Static and
Differential pressure to electrical signals)
Analog Output Data is transmitted as varying voltage/current.
Analog Trigger A trigger that occurs at a user-selected point on an incoming analog signal.
Triggering can be set to occur at a specific level on either an increasing or a
decreasing signal (positive or negative slope).
Analog-to-Digital Converter An electronic device, often an integrated circuit, that converts an analog voltage to
a number.
Analyzer Control Module Consists of various electronic components used for analysis.
Annunciator Display of a status on a screen.
ANSI American National Standards Institute.
Antenna A length of wire or similar that radiates (such as a transmitting antenna) or absorbs
(such as a radio antenna) radio waves. The two basic types are: Yagi (directional)
or Omni (bi-directional).
AO Analog Output
AP See Absolute Pressure.
API 14.3 American Petroleum Institute Report No. 14.3 addresses the 1992 equation
regarding the AGA-3 method for calculating gas volume across an Orifice Plate.

6-2
 TERM DEFINITION

API 21.1 American Petroleum Institute Report No. 21.1 addresses the equation regarding
AGA-8 Fpv or Supercompressibility Factor and the energy content of the gas.
Archive A file containing historical records in a compressed format for more efficient long
term storage and transfer. Totalflow archive records are non-editable, meaning that
when they are stored they may not be changed. These records are used during an
audit of data.
ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange. A very popular standard
method of encoding alphanumeric characters into 7 or 8 binary bits.
Asynchronous A communications protocol where information can be transmitted at an arbitrary,
unsynchronized point in time, without synchronization to a reference time or "clock".
ATEX Certification Directive for Explosive Atmospheres.
Atmospheric Pressure The pressure due to the weight of the atmosphere (air and water vapor) on the
earth's surface. The average atmospheric pressure at sea level (for scientific
purposes) has been defined at 14.696 pounds per square inch absolute.
Audio Frequency Generally in the range 20 Hz to 20 KHz.
Audit To examine or verify data for accuracy. Totalflow’s DB1 and DB2 records may be
edited to generate a more accurate representation of data information.
Audit Trail Using the Long Term Archive files to justify changes made to records that more
accurately reflects the correct data. Peripheral information used to edit data is
recorded without exception, to justify the accuracy of the edited data records.
Automatic Frequency Similar to Automatic Fine Tune (AFT). A circuit that keeps a receiver in tune with
Control the wanted transmission.
Back Pressure Pressure against which a fluid is flowing. May be composed of friction in pipes,
restrictions in pipes, valves, pressure in vessels to which fluid is flowing, hydrostatic
head, or other resistance to fluid flow.
Backflush
Background Acquisition Data is acquired by a DAQ system while another program or processing routine is
running without apparent interruption.
Bandwidth The range of frequencies available for signaling; the difference between the highest
and lowest frequencies of a band expressed in Hertz.
Barometer An instrument which measures atmospheric pressure.
Barrel The unit of volume measurement used for petroleum and it’s products; 1 barrel = 42
US gallons.
Base Pressure The pressure used as a standard in determining gas volume. Volumes are
measured at operating pressures and then corrected to base pressure volume.
Base pressure is normally defined in any gas measurement contract. The standard
value for natural gas in the United States is 14.73 psia, established by the American
National Standards Institute as standard Z-132.1 in 1969.
Battery Two or more electrochemical cells electrically interconnected in an appropriate
series/parallel arrangement to provide the required operating voltage and current
levels.
Baud Unit of signaling speed. The speed in baud is the number of discrete conditions or
events per second. If each event represents only one bit condition, baud rate equals
bits per second (bps).
Baud Rate Serial communications data transmission rate expressed in bits per second (b/s).
Bias Term used when calibrating. Amounts to offset the actual measurement taken. On a
LevelMaster, it refers to adjusting the measurement of the float level to agree with a
calibrated measurement. On an RTD (Resistant Thermal Detector), it refers to
adjusting the measurement of the temperature to agree with a calibrated
temperature. This figure maybe either a positive or negative figure.

6-3
 TERM DEFINITION

BIAS Current A very low-level DC current generated by the panel meter and superimposed on the
signal. This current may introduce a measurable offset across a very high source
impedance.
Binary Number System based on the number 2. The binary digits are 0 and 1.
Binary-Coded Decimal A code for representing decimal digits in a binary format.
BIOS Basic Input/Output System. A program, usually stored in ROM, which provides the
fundamental services required for the operation of the computer. These services
range from peripheral control to updating the time of day.
Bipolar A signal range that includes both positive and negative values.
Bipolar Transistor The most common form of transistor.
Bit Binary Digit - the smallest unit of binary data. One binary digit, either 0 or 1. See
also byte.
Bits Per Second Unit of data transmission rate.
Blue Dot Technology Technological changes to the DC and ACM Modules, decreasing noise by changing
ground. Allows amplification of the results, gains resolution.
Board Common name used to identify the Main Electronic Board. Also called
Motherboard, Engine Card and Circuit Board.
Bottom Solids and Water Refers to materials that settle to the bottom of an oil tank, including the heavy
water.
Bounce Bouncing is the tendency of any two metal contacts in an electronic device to
generate multiple signals as the contacts close or open. When you press a key on
your computer keyboard, you expect a single contact to be recorded by your
computer. In fact, however, there is an initial contact, a slight bounce or lightening
up of the contact, then another contact as the bounce ends, yet another bounce
back, and so forth. A similar effect takes place when a switch made using a metal
contact is opened.
BPS See Bits Per Second.
Bridge Generally a short-circuit on a PC board caused by solder joining two adjacent
tracks.
British Thermal Unit Energy required to raise one pound of water one degree Fahrenheit. One pound of
water at 32 F° requires the transfer of 144 BTUs to freeze into solid ice.
Browser Software which formats Web pages for viewing; the Web client
BS&W See Bottom Solids (or sediment) and Water.
BTU See British Thermal Unit.
Btu Method A method of allocating costs between different operations or between different
products based upon the heat content of products produced in the various operations
or of the various produced products.
Btu per Cubic Foot A measure of the heat available or released when one cubic foot of gas is burned.

Btu, Dry Heating value contained in cubic foot of natural gas measured and calculated free of
moisture content. Contractually, dry may be defined as less than or equal to seven
pounds of water per Mcf.
Btu, Saturated The number of Btu’s contained in a cubic foot of natural gas fully saturated with water
under actual delivery pressure, temperature and gravity conditions. See BTU, DRY.
Btu/CV Used to express the heating content of gas. See British Thermal Units or Calorific
Value.
BtuMMI Refers to the interface program or software that operates the Btu Analyzer.

6-4
 TERM DEFINITION

Buffer (1) A temporary storage device used to compensate for a difference in data rate
and data flow between two devices (typically a computer and a printer); also called
a spooler; (2) An amplifier to increase the drive capability, current or distance, of an
analog or digital signal.
BUS A data path shared by many devices (e.g., multipoint line) with one or more
conductors for transmitting signals, data, or power.
Bus Master A type of controller with the ability to read and write to devices on the computer bus.
Busbar A heavy, rigid conductor used for high voltage feeders.
Butane (C4H10) A saturated hydrocarbon (alkane) with four carbon atoms in it’s molecule (C4H10). A
gas at atmospheric pressure and normal temperature, but easily liquefied by pressure.
Generally stored and delivered in liquefied form and used as a fuel in gaseous form,
obtained by processing natural gas as produced and also from a process in petroleum
refining. Contains approximately 3,260 Btu per cubic foot.
Byte A group of binary digits that combine to make a word. Generally 8 bits. Half byte is
called a nibble. Large computers use 16 bits and 32 bits. Also used to denote the
amount of memory required to store one byte of data.
Cache Memory Fast memory used to improve the performance of a CPU. Instructions that will soon
be executed are placed in cache memory shortly before they are needed. This
process speeds up the operation of the CPU.
Calibrate To ascertain, usually by comparison with a standard, the locations at which scale or
chart graduations should be placed to correspond to a series of values of the quantity
which the instrument is to measure, receive or transmit. Also, to adjust the output of a
device, to bring it to a desired value, within a specified tolerance for a particular value
of the input. Also, to ascertain the error in the output of a device by checking it against
a standard.
Capacitor An electronic component that stores electrical charge.
Capacity The total number of ampere-hours (or watt-hours) that can be withdrawn from a
cell/battery under specified conditions of discharge.
Carbon Base of all hydrocarbons and is capable of combining with hydrogen in many
proportions, resulting in numberless hydrocarbon compounds.
Carbon Dioxide Colorless, odorless and slightly acid-tasting gas, consisting of one atom of carbon
joined to two atoms of oxygen. C02. Produced by combustion or oxidation of
materials containing carbon.
Carrier Gas
Catalytic The process of altering, accelerating or instigating a chemical reaction.
Cathode An electrode through which current leaves any nonmetallic conductor. An
electrolytic cathode is an electrode at which positive ions are discharged, or
negative ions are formed, or at which other reducing reactions occur. The negative
electrode of a galvanic cell; of an electrolytic capacitor.
C-Code C language (IEC supported programming language)
CCU See Dos CCU, WINCCU or PCCU.
CCV See Closed Circuit Voltage.
Cd Coefficient of Discharge factor.
CE European Community Certification Bureau.
Cell The basic electrochemical unit used to generate or store electrical energy.
Cenelec European Committee for Electro-technical Standardization. Also known as the
European Standards Organization.
Central Processing Unit The central part of a computer system that performs operations on data. In a
personal computer the CPU is typically a single microprocessor integrated circuit.

6-5
 TERM DEFINITION

Certification The process of submitting equipment to specific tests to determine that the
equipment meets the specifications or safety standards.
CFG Configuration File. When saving new configuration files, the file is saved as a *.cfg
file.
Characteristics Detailed information pertaining to it’s description. The XFC stores this information in
the PROM chip. A feature or quality that makes somebody or something
recognizable.
Charge The conversion of electrical energy, provided in the form of a current from an
external source, into chemical energy within a cell or battery.
Chip Another name for integrated circuit or the piece of silicon on which semiconductors
are created.
Chromatograph An instrument used in chemical analysis, to determine the make-up of various
substances, and often used to determine the Btu content of natural gas.
Chromatography- A method of separating gas compounds by allowing it to seep
through an adsorbent so that each compound is adsorbed in a separate layer.
CIM Communication Interface Module. Totalflow’s version is called TFIO Communication
Interface Module.
Circuit 1. The complete path between two terminals over which one-way or two-way
communications may be provided. 2. An electronic path between two or more
points, capable of providing a number of channels. 3. A number of conductors
connected together for the purpose of carrying an electrical current. 4. An electronic
closed-loop path among two or more points used for signal transfer. 5. A number of
electrical components, such as resistors, inductances, capacitors, transistors, and
power sources connected together in one or more closed loops.
Circuit board Sometimes abbreviated PCB. Printed circuit boards are also called cards. A thin
plate on which chips and other electronic components are placed. They fall into the
following categories:
Motherboard: Typically, the mother board contains the CPU, memory and basic
controllers for the system. Sometimes call the system board or main board.
Expansion board: Any board that plugs into one of the computer's expansion slots,
including controller boards, LAN cards, and video adapters.
Daughter Card: Any board that attaches directly to another board.
Controller board: A special type of expansion board that contains a controller for a
peripheral device.
Network Interface Card (NIC): An expansion board that enables a PC to be
connected to a local-area network (LAN).
Video Adapter: An expansion board that contains a controller for a graphics
monitor.
Class 1, Division 1 Class 1 refers to the presence of hazardous gas. Division 1 refers to the conditions
at the location: meaning that there is not sufficient airflow around the equipment to
dissipate any gases that are accumulating in the vicinity. i.e. An enclosed space.
Class 1, Division 2 Class 1 refers to the presence of hazardous gas. Division 2 refers to the conditions
at the location: meaning that there is sufficient airflow around the equipment to
dissipate any gases that are accumulating in the vicinity.
Clock The source(s) of timing signals for sequencing electronic events (e.g. synchronous
data transfer).
Closed Circuit Voltage The difference in potential between the terminals of a cell/battery when it is
discharging (on- load condition).
CMOS See Complimentary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor.
CNG See Compressed Natural Gas
Coil A conductor wound in a series of turns.

6-6
 TERM DEFINITION

Cold Start A rebooting technique which will clear all operational errors, loose all data files, but
will not damage configuration files if stored on the SDRIVE.
Collector The semiconductor region in a bipolar junction transistor through which a flow of
charge carriers leaves the base region.
Comma Separated Values These file types are importable records used by spreadsheet programs to display
and manipulate data.
Communication Port Comm. Port (abbreviation) refers to the host computer's physical communication's
port being used to communicate with the equipment. Used by Totalflow when
discussing local or remote communication with various equipment including the
XFC, FCU, XRC, RTU and LevelMaster etc.
Complimentary Metal- Family of logic devices that uses p-type and n-type channel devices on the same
Oxide-Semiconductor integrated circuit. It has the advantage of offering medium speed and very low
power requirements.
Component (1) A small object or program that performs a specific function and is designed in
such a way to easily operate with other components and applications. Increasingly,
the term is being used interchangeably with applet. (2) A part of a device.
Compressed Natural Gas Natural gas in high-pressure surface containers that is highly compressed (though
not to the point of liquefaction). CNG is used extensively as a transportation fuel for
automobiles, trucks and buses in some parts of the world. Small amounts of natural
gas are also transported overland in high-pressure containers.
Compressibility The property of a material which permits it to decrease in volume when subjected to
an increase in pressure. In gas-measurement usage, the compressibility factor "Z"
is the deviation from the ideal Boyle and Charles' law behavior. See
SUPERCOMPRESSIBILITY FACTOR.
Compressibility Factor See Supercompressibility Factor.
Concurrent Performing more than one task at a time.
Configuration No. The Configuration number is a 10 digit suffix of the serial number which defines the
characteristics of the unit.
Console Mode A local user interface typically used with custom applications that are not supported
through any other mechanism. Also referred to as Printer Console Mode.
Contact Current carrying part of a switch, relay or connector.
Conversion Time The time required, in an analog input or output system, from the moment a channel
is interrogated (such as with a read instruction) to the moment that accurate data is
available. This could include switching time, settling time, acquisition time, A/D
conversion time, etc.
Coprocessor Another computer processor unit that operates in conjunction with the standard
CPU. Can be used to enhance execution speed. For example, the 8087 is designed
to perform floating point arithmetic.
Cosine The sine of the complement of an arc or angle.
CPU See Central Processing Unit.
CPUC California Public Utilities Commission
CRC See Cyclic Redundancy Check.
CRC Cycling Redundancy Character
CSA Canadian Standards Association. Canadian certification agency.
CTS Communication abbreviation for Clear To Send.
Cubic Foot The most common unit of measurement of gas volume in the US. It is the amount of
gas required to fill a volume of one cubic foot under stated conditions of
temperature, pressure, and water vapor.
Cubic Foot Metered The quantity of gas that occupies one cubic foot under pressure and temperature
conditions in the meter.

6-7
 TERM DEFINITION

Cubic Foot, Standard That quantity of gas which under a pressure of 14.73 psia and at a temperature of
60 degrees occupies a volume of one cubic foot without adjustment for water vapor
content.
Cumulative Capacity The total number of ampere-hours (or watt hours) that can be withdrawn from a
cell/battery under specified conditions of discharge over a predetermined number of
cycles or the cycle life.
Current Current is measured in amps (milliamps and microamps). It is the passage of
electrons. Conventional current flows from positive to negative. Electrons flow from
negative to positive - called "electron flow".
Cursor Dots used to indicate the location of the next character or symbol to be entered.
Custody Transfer The legal and commercial transfer of a commodity such as natural gas, LNG, etc.
from one party to another.
Custody Transfer The Custody Transfer Transaction is the hand-off of the physical commodity from
Transaction one operator to another.
Cut-Off Voltage The cell/battery voltage at which the discharge is terminated.
CV Calorific Value. European value of heating content.
Cycle One complete sequence of events. One complete alteration of an AC current or
Volt. The discharge and subsequent charge of a rechargeable cell/battery is called
a cycle.
Cycle Life The number of cycles under specified conditions which were available from a
rechargeable cell/battery before it fails to meet specified criteria as to performance.
Cyclic Redundancy Check An ongoing verification of the validity of transmitted and received data providing
assurance that the message conforms to a pre-agreed upon convention of
communications.
D/A See Digital-to-analog.
D/I See Digital Input.
D/O See Digital Output.
DAC See Digital to Analog Converter.
Data Acquisition Gathering information from sources such as sensors and AMUs in an accurate,
timely and organized manner. Modern systems convert this information to digital
data, which can be stored and processed by a computer.
Data Collect Physically, locally or remotely, retrieving data stored with a Totalflow unit. This data
is typically stored in records located in a data base format.
DB1 Acronym for Data Base 1. This refers to the previous data base structure used to
store data in Totalflow products.
DB2 Acronym for Data Base 2. This refers to the current data base structure used to
store data in Totalflow products.
DC See Direct Current
DCD Communication abbreviation for Data Carrier Detect
DCS/PLC Distribution Control System/Programmable Logic Controller
DDE See Digital Data Exchange. Also called Dynamic Data Exchange. May refer to
Totalflow’s DDE Server TDS32.
Dead Weight Tester Portable pressure tester used to check calibration and to calibrate AMU’s utilizing a
system of calibrated weights.

6-8
 TERM DEFINITION

De-bounce De-bouncing is any kind of hardware device or software that ensures that only a
single signal will be acted upon for a single opening or closing of a contact. When
you press a key on your computer keyboard, you expect a single contact to be
recorded by your computer. In fact, however, there is an initial contact, a slight
bounce or lightening up of the contact, then another contact as the bounce ends,
yet another bounce back, and so forth. A similar effect takes place when a switch
made using a metal contact is opened. The usual solution is a de-bouncing device
or software that ensures that only one digital signal can be registered within the
space of a given time (usually milliseconds)
Decibel A logarithmic measure of the ratio of two signal levels. A practical unit of gain.
Decimal A numbering system based on 10.
Default A value assigned or an action taken automatically unless another is specified.
Delivery Point Point at which gas leaves a transporter's system completing a sale or transportation
service transaction between the pipeline company and a sale or transportation
service customer.
Demand Day That 24-hour period specified by a supplier-user contract for purposes of
determining the purchaser's daily quantity of gas used (e.g., 8 AM to 8 AM, etc.).
This term is primarily used in pipeline-distribution company agreements. It is similar
to, and usually coincides with, the distribution company "Contract Day".
Demand Load The rate of flow of gas required by a consumer or a group of consumers, often an
average over a specified short time interval (cf/hr or Mcf/hr). Demand is the cause;
load is the effect.
Demand Meters A device which indicates or records the instantaneous, maximum or integrated
(over a specified period) demand.
Demand, Average The demand on a system or any of its parts over an interval of time, determined by
dividing the total volume in therms by the number of units of time in the interval.
Desaturization Doesn’t cause the composition of the gas to change, enabling a more
representative sample of gas.
Detector Bead
DG Display Group. When display group files are created
Diaphragm A bellows inside a displacement type gas meter. Also, a membrane separating two
different pressure areas within a control valve or regulator.
Differential Pressure The pressure difference between two points in a system. For example, the
difference in pressure between the upstream and downstream taps of an orifice
plate, used to measure volume passing through the orifice.
Digital A signal which has distinct states, either on or off (0 or 1). Digital computers
process data as binary information having either true of false states.
Digital Data Information transmitted in a coded form (from a computer), represented by discrete
signal elements.
Digital Data Exchange or A Microsoft data exchange format generally used to transfer data from one program
Dynamic Data Exchange to another. It is a very simple format to use and Totalflow customers often use TDS
to acquire data from Totalflow devices and then transfer the data to an Excel
spreadsheet using DDE. The Totalflow Driver, TDS32, supports DDE and its
network version, NetDDE.
Digital Electronics The branch of electronics dealing with information in binary form.
Digital Input Refers to the signal received in binary format.
Digital Output Refers to the signal emitted in binary format.
Digital to Analog The process of translating discrete data into a continuously varying signal. Common
Conversion uses are to present the output of a digital computer as a graphic display or as a test
stimulus.

6-9
 TERM DEFINITION

Digital-to-Analog Converter An electronic device, often an integrated circuit, that converts a digital number into
a corresponding analog voltage or current.
DIN Deutsches Institut für Normung. German Institute for Standardization.
DIN Rail Rail on which modules are mounted. Allows modules to snap on and slide right and
left.
Diode A semiconductor that allows current to flow in one direction only.
DIP Switches A bank of switches typically used in setting the hardware configuration and base
address of an option card.
Direct Current A current that does not change in direction.
Direct Memory Access A method by which information can be transferred from the computer memory to a
device on the bus without using the processor.
Discharge The conversion of chemical energy of a cell/battery into electrical energy and
withdrawal of the electrical energy into a load.
Discharge Rate The rate, usually expressed in amperes, at which electrical current is taken from the
cell/battery.
Discrete Manifold Also called Tubing Manifold. Used in instances when the XFC is not mounted
directly on the Orifice, usually pipe mount or wall mount.
Distribution The act or process of distributing gas from the city gas or plant that portion of utility
plant used for the purpose of delivering gas from the city gate or plant to the
consumers, or to expenses relating to the operating and maintenance of distribution
plant.
Distribution Company Gas Company which obtains the major portion of its gas operating revenues from
the operation of a retail gas distribution system, and which operates no
transmission system other than incidental connections within its own system or to
the system of another company. For purposes of A.G.A. statistics, a distribution
company obtains at least 90 percent of its gas operating revenues from sales to
ultimate customers, and classifies at least 90 percent of mains (other than service
pipe) as distribution. Compare INTEGRATED COMPANY; TRANSMISSION
COMPANY, GAS.
DN Inside diameter standard.
DOS Disk Operating System.
DOS CCU Refers to the DOS version of the Calibration and Collection Unit. Also known as
FS/2, hand held or Dog Bone.
DOT Matrix A group of dots/pixels forming a character or symbol, usually five dots across and
seven dots down.
DOT/Pixel An active element that forms a character or symbol when combined in a matrix.
Download This refers to a Totalflow procedure in which any file(s) located on a laptop PC or
storage device, may be copied to the on-board memory of a Totalflow Host device
for purposes of restoring, configuration or repair.
Downstream Any point in the direction of flow of a liquid or gas from the reference point.
Compare UPSTREAM.
Downstream Pipeline The pipeline receiving natural gas at a pipeline inter-connect point.
DP See Differential Pressure.
DRAM See Dynamic Random Access memory.
Driver (Hardware) An electronic circuit that provides input to another electronic circuit.
Driver (Software) A program that exercises a system or system component by simulating the activity
of a higher level component.
Drivers Software that controls a specific hardware device, such as interface boards, PLCs,
RTUs, and other I/O devices.

6-10
 TERM DEFINITION

Droplet Liquids Large liquid particles

Dry Contact Contacts which neither break nor make a circuit. 0 Ohms.
DSP Digital Signal Processor.
Dual-Access Memory Memory that can be sequentially accessed by more than one controller or
processor but not simultaneously accessed. Also known as shared memory.
Duplex The ability to both send and receive data simultaneously over the same
communications line.
DVI The Port Manager and communication engine of the iVision SCADA System. This
software can multiplex among several communication formats and thus supporting
several vendor’s equipment over a single radio frequency. It “pushes” new data to
the iVision database, saving time and network resources by not transmitting
redundant data. The DVI includes the Totalflow WinCPC code and thus supports all
Totalflow software and functions – including WinCCU, TDS, PCCU, Report by
exception, cryout, etc.
Dynamic Random Access This is the most common form of computer memory It needs to be continually
memory refreshed in order to properly hold data, thus the term "dynamic."
E2Prom See Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory. Also called EEPROM.
Earth Can mean a connection to the earth itself or the negative lead to the chassis or any
point to zero voltage.
EC European Community.
Edit Making changes to information, data or configuration files.
EEPROM See Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory.
EFI Electromechanical Frequency Interface.
EFM See Electronic Flow Measurment.
EFR Enhance Feature Release.
Electrically Erasable ROM that can be erased with an electrical signal and reprogrammed. Also referred
Programmable Read-Only to as the S Drive. It is a persistent drive that will not loose it’s memory unless
Memory manually reprogrammed. Also called E2Prom. Totalflow’s XFC and XRC have a
Serial EEPROM on board, which generally holds registry, application configuration
and warranty information (non-volatile).
Electrode The site, area, or location at which electrochemical processes take place.
Electromagnetic IEEE Standards for Electromagnetic Compatibility.
Compatibility
Electromagnetic Any electromagnetic disturbance that interrupts, obstructs, or otherwise degrades or
Interference limits the effective performance of electronics/electrical equipment. It can be
induced intentionally, as in some forms of electronic warfare, or unintentionally, as a
result of spurious emissions and responses, intermodulation products, and the like.
Electronic Flow Historically, flow measurment was tracked using a chart recording technology.
Measurment Developments in the field of electronics allowed for electronic measurement devices
to overtake the chart recording market. This field continues to develop into
peripheral markets, making the “Flow Meter” a valuable asset with multi-tasking
“Control” capabilities. Totalflow’s answer to this developing market is the XSeries
equipment.
EMC See Electromagnetic Compatibility
EMI See Electromagnetic Interference.
Emitter One terminal of a transistor.
EN Euro Norm (European Standard)
Enagas Spain’s Certification Board

6-11
 TERM DEFINITION

Encoder A device that converts linear or rotary displacement into digital or pulse signals. The
most popular type of encoder is the optical encoder, which uses a rotating disk with
alternating opaque areas, a light source, and a photodetector.
Environmental Conditions All conditions in which a transducer may be exposed during shipping, storage,
handling, and operation.
EPROM See Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory.
Erasable Programmable ROM that can be erased using Ultraviolet Light. The EPROM maybe re-
Read-Only Memory programmed by removing the EPROM from the circuit and using special equipment
to write to it.
Ethane (C2H6) A colorless hydrocarbon gas of slight odor having a gross heating value of 1,773
Btu per cubic foot and a specific gravity of 1.0488. It is a normal constituent of
natural gas.
Ethylene (C2H4) A colorless hydrocarbon gas of slight odor having a gross heating value of 1,604
Btu per cubic foot and a specific gravity of 0.9740. It is usually present in
manufactured gas, constituting one of its elements.
EU European Union. Formerly known as the European Community (EC). Members of
this union are replacing individual national regulations of member countries with a
series of Directives. These Directives are legislative instruments which oblige
member states to introduce them into their existing laws. These directives
harmonize a variety of existing practices, preserve the different legal traditions and
settle constraints for further developments.
Event Important incident: an occurrence, especially one that is particularly significant.
Event File Stored records specifying a notable change. The XFC stores up to 200 records,
containing: Time, Day, Description, Old Value, New Value.
Events Signals or interrupts generated by a device to notify another device of an
asynchronous event. The contents of events are device-dependent.
Ex Potential Explosive.
Exp Enclosure Explosion Proof Enclosure for Class 1 Division 1 locations
Expansion Board A plug-in circuit board that adds features or capabilities beyond those basic to a
computer, such as a data acquisition system expansion board.
Expansion Slots The spaces provided in a computer for expansion boards than enhance the basic
operation of the computer.
Extended Binary Coded EBCDIC. An eight-bit character code used primarily in IBM equipment. The code
Decimal Interchange Code allows for 256 different bit patterns.
External Multivariable Multivariable Transducer located outside of the Flow Computer enclosure. Used in
Transducer multi-tube configurations and on systems where the actual Flow Computer is
located at a distance from the flowing tube.
F.O.B. Abbreviation of free on board with the cost of delivery to a port and loading onto a
ship included.
Fa Orifice Thermal Expansion factor.
Faux Full Well Stream Factor.
Fb Basic Orifice factor.
FBD Function Block Diagram (IEC supported programming language)
FCC Federal Communications Commission.
FCU Flow computer unit
Feed Points Connections between gas feeder lines and distribution networks.
Feedback Occurs when some or all of the output of the device (such as an amplifier) is taken
back to the input. This may be accidental (such as the acoustic feedback from a
speaker to microphone) or intentional , to reduce distortion.

6-12
 TERM DEFINITION

Feeder (Main) A gas main or supply line that delivers gas from a city gate station or other source
of supply to the distribution networks.
FET Field-effect transistor. Transistor with electric field controlling output: a transistor,
with three or more electrodes, in which the output current is controlled by a variable
electric field.
Fg Specific Gravity factor.
Field Pressure The pressure of natural gas as it is found in the underground formations from which
it is produced.
Film Liquids Aerosols liquids who have contacted each other and become adhered to the inside
of the pipeline.
Firmware A computer program or software stored permanently in PROM or ROM or semi-
permanently in EPROM.
Firmware Version This refers to the version of firmware contained in the equipment.
Fixed-Point A format for processing or storing numbers as digital integers.
Flange For pipe, a metal collar drilled with bolt holes and attached to the pipe with its flat
surface at right angles to the pipe axis so that it can be securely bolted to a mating
flange on a valve, another pipe section, etc.
FLASH Re-programmable memory onboard an XFC/XRC, similar to an EPROM, except
that it can be programmed while in circuit using a Boot Loader Program to write to
it. Generally used for the operating system and application code space (non-
volatile).
Flash ADC An Analog to Digital Converter whose output code is determined in a single step by
a bank of comparators and encoding logic.
Flow Computer, X Series A device placed on location to measure SP, DP and temperature (to calculate flow)
of gases or liquids being transferred, for remote unattended operation.
Flow Formulas In the gas industry, formulas used to determine gas flow rates or pressure drops in
pipelines, regulators, valves, meters, etc.
Font The style of lettering used to display information.
Footprint The surface space required for an object.
Fpb Pressure Base factor.
Fpv See Supercompressibility Factor.
Fr Reynolds Number factor.
Frequency The number of cycles per second for any periodic waveform - measured in cycles
per second - now called Hertz.
Frequency Modulation Modulation where the frequency of the sinewave carrier alters with the amplitude of
the modulating signal.
FRP Fiberglass Reinforced Polyurethane. A non-flexible material used for LevelMaster
sensors.
FS/2 Ruggadized handheld computer device for programming and collecting data from
an XFC. Also referred to a Husky or Dog Bone.
Ftb Temperature Base factor.
Ftf Flowing Temperature factor.
Full Duplex Simultaneous, two-way (transmit and receive), transmission.
Function A set of software instructions executed by a single line of code that may have input
and/or output parameters and returns a value when executed.
Fuse A short length of wire that will easily burn out when excessive current flows.
Fw Water Vapor factor.
G The symbol used for giga or gigabyte.

6-13
 TERM DEFINITION

Gain The factor by which a signal is amplified, sometimes expressed in dB.

Gain Accuracy A measure of deviation of the gain of an amplifier from the ideal gain.
Gas That state of matter which has neither independent shape nor volume. It expands to
fill the entire container in which it is held. It is one of the three forms of matter, the
other two being solid and liquid.
Gas Chromatograph An analytical instrument that separates mixtures of gas into identifiable components
by means of chromatography.
Gas Chromatograph Software module used in conjunction with PCCU32 and WINCCU to interact with
Module Btu Chromatograph equipment and software.
Gas Chromatograph A co-efficient generated by the factory allowing user to start calibration on location
Module Coefficient without having a calibration gas available.
Gas Field A district or area from which natural gas is produced.
Gas, Associated Gas produced in association with oil, or from a gas cap overlying and in contact with
the crude oil in the reservoir. In general, most states restrict associated gas
production since its indiscriminate production could reduce the ultimate oil recovery.
Also, since some wells producing associated gas cannot be shut-in without also
shutting-in the oil production, natural gas pipelines are generally required to take
associated gas produced from oil wells on a priority basis.
Gas, C1 Methane.
Gas, C2 Ethane.
Gas, C3 Propane.
Gas, C6+ Hexanes Plus (C6, C7, C8, C9, C10, C11, etc.).
Gas, CO2 Carbon Dioxide.
Gas, Dry Gas whose water content has been reduced by a dehydration process. Gas
containing little or no hydrocarbons commercially recoverable as liquid product.
Specified small quantities of liquids are permitted by varying statutory definitions in
certain states.
Gas, IC4 Iso-Butane.
Gas, IC5 Iso-Pentane.
Gas, Liquefied Petroleum A gas containing certain specific hydrocarbons which are gaseous under normal
(LPG) atmospheric conditions but can be liquefied under moderate pressure at normal
temperatures. Propane and butane are the principal examples.
Gas, Low Btu Gas with a heating value of less than 250 Btu's per cubic foot. Typically heating
values fall between 120 and 180 Btu's per cubic foot.
Gas, Manufactured A gas obtained by destructive distillation of coal, or by the thermal decomposition of
oil, or by the reaction of steam passing through a bed of heated coal or coke, or
catalyst beds. Examples are coal gases, coke oven gases, producer gas, blast
furnace gas, blue (water) gas, and carbureted water gas. Btu content varies widely.
Gas, Natural A naturally occurring mixture of hydrocarbon and nonhydrocarbon gases found in
porous geologic formations beneath the earth's surface, often in association with
petroleum. The principal constituent is methane.
Gas, NC4 Normal Butane.
Gas, NC5 Normal Pentane.
Gas, NeoC5 Neo-Pentane.
Gas, Non-associated Free natural gas not in contact with, nor dissolved in, crude oil in the reservoir.
Gas, Oil A gas resulting from the thermal decomposition of petroleum oils, composed mainly
of volatile hydrocarbons and hydrogen. The true heating value of oil gas may vary
between 800 and 1600 Btu per cubic foot depending on operating conditions and
feedstock properties.

6-14
 TERM DEFINITION

Gas, Sour Gas found in its natural state, containing such amounts of compounds of sulfur as
to make it impractical to use, without purifying, because of its corrosive effect on
piping and equipment.
Gas, Sweet Gas found in its natural state, containing such small amounts of compounds of
sulfur that it can be used without purifying, with no deleterious effect on piping and
equipment.
Gas, Unconventional Gas that can not be economically produced using current technology.
Gas, Wet Wet natural gas is unprocessed natural gas or partially processed natural gas
produced from strata containing condensable hydrocarbons. The term is subject to
varying legal definitions as specified by certain state statutes.
Gate Station Generally a location at which gas changes ownership, from one party to another,
neither of which is the ultimate consumer. It should be noted, however, that the gas
may change from one system to another at this point without changing ownership.
Also referred to as city gate station, town border station, or delivery point.
Gathering The act of operating extensive low-pressure gas lines which aggregate the
production of several separate gas wells into one larger receipt point into an
interstate pipeline.
Gathering Agreement Agreement between a producer and a gathering system operator specifying the
terms and conditions for entry of the producer's gas into the gathering system.
Gathering Line A pipeline, usually of small diameter, used in gathering gas from the field to a
central point.
Gathering Station A compressor station at which gas is gathered from wells by means of suction
because pressure is not sufficient to produce the desired rate of flow into a
transmission or distribution system.
Gathering System The gathering pipelines plus any pumps, tanks, or additional equipment used to
move oil or gas from the wellhead to the main pipeline for delivery to a processing
facility or consumer.
Gauge, Pressure Instrument for measuring the relative pressure of a fluid. Types include gauge,
absolute, and differential.
Gauging Tape This refers to a manual method of measuring the level of a liquid in a tank. These
Measurements measurements may be used to calibrate float levels.
GC See Gas Chromatograph.
GCM See Gas Chromatograph Module
GCMC See Gas Chromatograph Module Coefficient.
GCN Gravity, Carbon Dioxide and Nitrogen compounds. Used in NX-19 GCN
Supercompressibility Factor.
GCNM Gravity, Carbon Dioxide, Nitrogen and Methane compounds. Used in NX-19 GCNM
Supercompressibility Factor.
GDF Gasde of France
GND See Ground.
GOST Russian Certification
GPA 2145 Gas Processors Association standard for values of gas components.
GPM Gallons of liquid per million cubic feet.
GPS 2261 See Gas Processors Standard 2261.
GRD See Ground.
Ground 1) An electronically neutral circuit having the same potential as the surrounding
earth. Normally, a non-current carrying circuit intended for the safety purposes. A
reference point for an electrical system. 2) A large conducting body (as the earth)
used as a common return for an electric circuit and as an arbitrary zero of potential.

6-15
 TERM DEFINITION

Grounding Strap A grounding strap is a conductive device used to make connection between the
person handling the board, and a high quality ground potential.
Half Duplex Communication transmission in one direction at a time.
Handshaking Exchange of predetermined signals between two devices establishing a connection.
Usually part of a communications protocol.
Hardware The physical components of a computer system, such as the circuit boards, plug-in
boards, chassis, enclosures, peripherals, cables, and so on. It does not include
data or computer programs.
Harmonic A sinusoidal component of a waveform that is a whole multiple of the fundamental
frequency. An oscillation that is an integral sub-multiple of the fundamental is called
a sub-harmonic.
HART Communication Interface.
Hazardous Area Any area likely to have an explosive combination of oxygen and fuel.
Classification
Heating Value The amount of heat developed by the complete combustion of a unit quantity of a
material.
Heavy Hydrocarbons More subseptable to increases in temperature and decreases in pressure, thus
causing liquids to form.
Hertz Cycles per second. A measure of frequency or bandwidth.
Hexadecimal A numbering system to the base 16, 0 through F.
Hexanes A saturated hydrocarbon (alkane) with two carbon atoms in it’s molecule (C2H6). A
liquid under normal conditions.
Hierarchical A method of organizing computer programs with a series of levels, each with further
subdivisions, as in a pyramid or tree structure.
High Btu Gas A term used to designate fuel gases having heating values of pipeline specification,
i.e., greater than about 900 Btu’s per standard cubic foot.
Host Console Host Console via Local Port uses the PCCU cable between the computer and the
device’s Local PCCU port but running Remote Protocol. Host Console via Remote
Port uses the remote protocol
Hub A market or supply area pooling/delivery where gas supply transaction point occur
that serve to facilitate the movement of gas between and among interstate
pipelines. Transactions can include a change in title, a change in transporter, or
other similar items.
HV See Heating Value.
Hydrocarbon A chemical compound composed solely of carbon and hydrogen. The compounds
having a small number of carbon and hydrogen atoms in their molecules are usually
gaseous; those with a larger number of atoms are liquid, and the compounds with
the largest number of atoms are solid.
Hyperterm Terminal emulation program provided with Windows.
Hysteresis The maximum difference between output readings for the same measured point,
one point obtained while increasing from zero and the other while decreasing from
full scale. The points are taken on the same continuous cycle. The deviation is
expressed as a percent of full scale.
I/O See Input/Output.
I/O Address A method that allows the CPU to distinguish between the different boards in a
system. All boards must have different addresses.
I2C Serial communications channel to I/O modules (developed by Phillips
Semiconductor)
IAR Maker and distributor of the Embedded Workbench, a compiler, assembler, linker
development system for the Z80/64180 microprocessor family.

6-16
 TERM DEFINITION

IC See Integrated Circuit

ID Identification Number. You must assign an ID to the unit. Units are communicated
to by this ID number, therefore the ID assigned in the software must agree with the
hardware.
IEC International Electro-technical Commission. Developers of the IEC-61131-3
standard. Programming Language used by Totalflow for user applications in X
Series equipment.
IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
IL Instruction List (IEC supported programming language)
IMV See Integral Multivariable Transducer.
Inch of Mercury A pressure unit representing the pressure required to support a column of mercury
one inch high at a specified temperature; 2.036 inches of mercury (at 32 degrees F
and standard gravity of 32.174 ft/sec2) is equal to a gauge pressure of one pound
per square inch.
Inch of Water A pressure unit representing the pressure required to support a column of water
one inch high. Usually reported as inches W.C. (water column) at a specified
temperature; 27.707 inches of water (at 60o and standard gravity of 32.174 ft/sec2)
is equal to a gauge pressure of one pound per square inch.
Industry Canada Canadian Certification.
Inert A material not acted upon chemically by the surrounding environment. Nitrogen and
carbon dioxide are examples of inert constituents of natural gases; they dilute the
gas and do not burn, and thus add no heating value.
Initialization File Generic file used to support the display of Totalflow application data in PCCU32.
Input That part of a circuit that accepts a signal for processing.
Input Sense To examine or determine the status of the input.
Input/Output The transfer of data to/from a computer system involving communications channels,
operator interface devices, and/or data acquisition and control interfaces.
Instantiate Starting an instance of an object.
Instrument Manifold Manifold type used when XFC is mounted directly on the Orifice.
Insulator Any material that resists the flow of electrical current.
Integral Multivariable A Multivariable Transducer that is a part of the flow computer enclosure. Also see
Transducer Multivariable Transducer.
Integrated Circuit A circuit component consisting of a piece of semiconductor material containing up
to thousands of transistor and diodes. A chip.
Integrating ADC An ADC whose output code represents the average value of the input voltage over
a given time interval.
Interface (computer) Usually refers to the hardware that provides communication between various items
of equipment.
Interface (liquid) The area between two liquids that are not easily mixed, i.e. oil and water.
Interference A disturbance to the signal in any communications system.
Inverter A circuit in both analogue and digital systems that provides an output that is inverse
to the input.
Inverter, DC to AC Converts DC to AC at a high frequency.
ioINT Interrupt signal from the I/O modules.
ioVBB i/o Battery Voltage- Unregulated 13.8 volts. Host supplies 2.5 amps to the I/O
modules.
ioVDD Unregulated 5.6 volts from the host for I/O modules.
ISO International Standards Organization.

6-17
 TERM DEFINITION

Isobutane (C4H10) A hydrocarbon of the same chemical formula as butane but different molecular
structure, resulting in different physical properties, notably lower boiling point. Gross
heating value 3261 Btu/cu. ft. gas.
Isokenetic Sampling Laboratory technique where gas sample is tested after removing liquids, therefore
not allowing the atomized liquid to to return to the gaseous state, changing the
sample accuracy.
IVision SCADA system designed for oil and gas applications
Joule-Thompson Effect Created by reducing the gas pressure by constriction, causing the gas to cool,
creating condensation.
K Kilo. 1) In referring to computers, a "kilo" is 1024 or 2 to the 10th power (Note that it
is actually slightly more than an even 1000.). 2) the standard metric prefix for 1,000,
or 103, used with units of measure such as volts, hertz, and meters.
kbytes/s A unit for data transfer that means 1,000 or 103 bytes/s.
Kerosene An oily liquid obtained in the distilling of gasoline in a temperature range from 174-
288 degree C. A hydrocarbon of specific gravity of 0.747 to 0.775. Used as fuel for
some internal combustion engines, heating equipment, and illuminating purposes. A
heavy grade known as range oil is used for cooking and heating.
KHz Electronic abbreviation for Kilohertz.
Kilobyte 1024 bytes.
Kilowatt-hour kWh A unit of energy when one kilowatt of power is expended for one hour. Example A
radiator bar is usually rated at 1,000 watts and this switched on for one hour
consumes one kilowatt-hour of electricity.
KPa Kilopascal-Measure of Pressure
LACT Lease Automatic Custody Transfer.
Latent Heat of Vaporization Represents the amount of heat required to vaporize a liquid. In the instance of
natural gas, the equation appears: 1 Btu = heat to change. This is the most likely
scenario for causing gas to liquefy.
LCD Liquid Crystal Display.
LD Ladder Diagram (IEC supported programming language)
LED Light Emitting Diodes.
LevelMaster Intelligent Digital Level Sensor and is designed for custody transfer accuracy in
demanding level measurement applications in tanks. LevelMaster is the name of
the Totalflow’s Tank Gauging System.
Life For rechargeable batteries, the duration of satisfactory performance, measured in
years (float life) or in the number of charge/discharge cycles (cycle life).
Light Hydrocarbons More volitile.
Linearity The maximum deviation of the calibration curve from a straight line between zero
and full scale, expressed as a percent of full scale output and measured on
increasing measurement only.
Liquefied Natural Gas Natural gas which has been liquefied by reducing its temperature to minus 260
degrees Fahrenheit at atmospheric pressure. It remains a liquid at -116 degrees
Fahrenheit and 673 psig. In volume, it occupies 1/600 of that of the vapor at
standard conditions.
Liquefied Petroleum Gas A gas containing certain specific hydrocarbons which are gaseous under normal
atmospheric conditions, but can be liquefied under moderate pressure at normal
temperatures. Propane and butane are the principal examples.
Liquid Crystal Display A reflective display that requires very low power for operation.
Liquids, Natural Gas Those liquid hydrocarbon mixtures which are gaseous at reservoir temperatures
and pressures but are recoverable by condensation or absorption. Natural gasoline
and liquefied petroleum gases fall in this category.

6-18
 TERM DEFINITION

Load (electrical) A load is an energy consuming device. The device can be an actual device such as
a bulb of a flash light, radio, cassette player, motor, etc., a resistor or a constant
current load.
Load (units) The amount of gas delivered or required at any specified point or points on a
system; load originates primarily at the gas consuming equipment of the customers.
Also, to load a pressure regulator is to set the regulator to maintain a given
pressure as the rate of gas flow through the regulator varies. Compare DEMAND.
Location File This is a file containing the configuration of the Location or site and the
LevelMasters assigned to the Location. You may have a file that contains
everything or a file for each Location name. The information from the file is
displayed on the main MasterLink screen in the form of a tree structure. See the
Main Screen topic for more information.
Location Name Location Name is the top of the hierarchy tree of a Location File. Included in the
Location Name is the LevelMaster's name, ID, S/N, Sensor File and Configuration
no.
Log Period In a XFC, the specified length between writing the calculated accumulated volume
to record. You may record volumes as often as every minute and as seldom as
every hour. More frequent recording reduces the number of days of records
possible between collection.
Long Term For Totalflow’s purpose, the application of this term refers to storing data over a
period of time that is greater than a minimal time. Such as data collected weekly
versus data collected weekly but stored indefinitely.
LSB Least Significant Byte
M Mega, the prefix for 1,048,576, or 220, when used with byte to quantify data or
computer memory. Also 1000, as in MCF or 1000 Cubic Ft.
Manifold The conduit of an appliance which supplies gas to the individual burners. Also, a
pipe to which two or more outlet pipes are connected.
Man-Machine Interface Software program that converts machine instructions and commands into a user
interface.
MasterLink MasterLink is the name of the software program used to communicate with the
LevelMaster for purposes of doing setup, calibration, troubleshooting, generating
site files, monitoring levels and collecting data.
Mbytes/s A unit for data transfer that means 1 million or 106 bytes/s.
Mcf The quantity of natural gas occupying a volume of 1000 cubic feet at a temperature
of 60° Fahrenheit and at a pressure of 14.73 psia.
Measurement Unit µFLO’s measurement and operational features are housed in this single unit
Assembly assembly. The main electronic board (µFLO-195 Board), communication
connection, power, SP, DP and Temperature readings are all housed in this unit.
Mega Multiplier indicating that a quantity should be multiplied by 1,000,000.
Memory Electronic devices that enable a computer to store and recall information. In its
broadest sense, memory refers to any hardware capable of serving that end, e.g.,
disk, tape, or semiconductor storage.
Menu The list of available functions for selection by the operator, usually displayed on the
computer screen once a program has been entered.
MEPAFLOW SICK Engineering’s Menu-based Measurement and Parameterization Software for
the TotalSonic system (MMI).
Meter Manifold Gas piping between gas service line and meter. Also, gas piping supplying two or
more meters.
Meter, Orifice A meter using the differential pressure across an orifice plate as a basis for
determining volume flowing through the meter. Ordinarily, the differential pressure is
charted.

6-19
 TERM DEFINITION

Meter, PD See Meter, Positive Displacement.

Meter, Positive An instrument which measures volume on the basis of filling and discharging gas in
Displacement a chamber.
Meter, Turbine 1) Pulse meter. 2)A velocity measuring device in which the flow is parallel to the
rotor axis and the speed of rotation is proportional to the rate of flow. The volume of
gas measured is determined by the revolutions of the rotor and converting them to a
continuously totalized volumetric reading.
Methane (CH4) A hydrocarbon (alkane)with the lightest molecule. A gas under normal conditions.
The first of the paraffin series of hydrocarbons. The chief constituent of natural gas.
Pure methane has a heating value of 1012 Btu per cubic foot.
Micro Flow Computer See µFLO.
Microprocessor This term is commonly used to describe the CPU. More specifically, it refers to the
part of the CPU that actually does the work, since many CPUs now contain L1 and
L2 caches on-chip.
Milli One thousandth e.g. one milli-watt - 1mW. one milli-amp - 1mA. one milli-volt -1mV.
MIPS Million instructions per second. The unit for expressing the speed of processor
machine code instructions.
MMBtu A thermal unit of energy equal to 1,000,000 Btu’s, that is, the equivalent of 1,000
cubic feet of gas having a heating content of 1,000 BTUs per cubic foot, as
provided by contract measurement terms.
MMcf A million cubic feet. See CUBIC FOOT. (1,000,000 CF)
MMI See Man-Machine Interface.
Modbus Messaging structure developed and used to establish master-slave/client-server
communication between intelligent devices. Generic protocol supported by most
process automation vendors.
Modem Modulator-Demodulator. A device used to convert serial digital data from a
transmitting terminal to a signal suitable for transmission over a common carrier, or
to reconvert the transmitted signal to digital data for acceptance by a receiving
terminal.
Module Typically a board assembly and its associated mechanical parts, front panel,
optional shields, and so on. A module contains everything required to occupy one or
more slots in a mainframe.
Mole Percent
MRB Modbus Request Block. When requesting storage space after adding a new
Modbus application, the file is saved as a *.mrb file.
MRM Modbus Register Map. When requesting storage space after adding a new Modbus
register, the file is saved as a *.mrm file.
MS Milliseconds. One-thousandth of a second.
MSB Most Significant Byte
Multi-tasking A property of an operating system in which several processes can be run
simultaneously.
Multi-tube Sites Locations where many flow tubes are all within a prescribed distance allowing one
flow meter with multitube capabilities, such as the XSeries product line, to monitor
and maintain flow records for each tube in one Flow Computer.

6-20
 TERM DEFINITION

Multivariable Transducer Transducer supplying more than 1 variable. Totalflow uses this term to encompass
units that read Static Pressure, Differential Pressure and Temperature. Historically
these units were coined AMU for Analog Measurement Unit. As a result of
advanced technology, the unit no longer functions as only an analog measurement
unit. Therefore the newer terminology, Multivariable Transducer, more aptly
describes the functionality of this design. The abbreviation MVX, refers to the
External version of the multivariable. The abbreviation IMV refers to the Integral
version of the multivariable.
MV Acronym for Molecular Weight.
MV See Multivariable Transducer.
MVX See Multivariable Transducer.
N.C. See Normally Closed.
N.O. See Normally Open.
N2 Nitrogen
NAK See Negative Acknowledgement
NAMUR Normenarbeitsgemeinschaft für Mess- und Regeltechnik in der chemischen
Industrie (Standards study group for measurement and process control technology
in the chemical industry).
Natural Gas Distillate Material removed from natural gas at the "heavy end" portion; that is, aliphatic
compounds ranging from C4 to C8 (butanes and heavier).
Natural Gas Liquids The hydrocarbon components: propane, butanes, and pentanes (also referred to as
condensate), or a combination of them that are subject to recovery from raw gas
liquids by processing in field separators, scrubbers, gas processing and
reprocessing plants, or cycling plants. The propane and butane components are
often referred to as liquefied petroleum gases or LPG.
Negative Acknowledgment This refers to a response over a remote communication device, such as a PING.
Basically, saying, "I don’t acknowledge your request!" This is the opposite of ACK.
NAK is a slang term that means that you disagree or do not acknowledge
something.
NEMA National Electrical Manufacturers Association.
Newton Meter Torque measurement unit equal to 8.84 Inch Pounds.
Nm Abbreviation for Newton Meter. Metric Torque measurement.
Noise An undesirable electrical signal. Noise comes from external sources such as the AC
power line, motors, generators, transformers, fluorescent lights, soldering irons,
CRT displays, computers, electrical storms, welders, radio transmitters, and internal
sources such as semiconductors, resistors, and capacitors. Unwanted disturbances
superimposed upon a useful signal that tends to obscure its information content.
Non-Persistent Refers to data that is no longer available after a Warm Start.
Normally Closed Designation which states that the contacts of a switch or relay are closed or
connected when at rest. When activated, the contacts open or separated.
Normally Open Designation which states that the contacts of a switch or relay are normally open or
not connected. When activated the contacts close or become connected.
Norsok Norwegian Certification Bureau
NPN Negative-Positive-Negative (Transisitor).
NPT National Pipe Thread.
NRTL Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory.
NX-19 American Gas Association Report referring to a specific method to calculate the
Supercompressibility factor.
OCV See Open Circuit Voltage.

6-21
 TERM DEFINITION

ODBC See Open Database Connectivity.

OHM The unit of resistance usually shown as the symbol "R". One thousand ohms is
written "k" and one million ohms is written "M". Resistance is measured with a
multimeter, set to the "ohms range".
OLE Object Linking and Embedding. A set of system services that provides a means for
applications to interact and interoperate. Based on the underlying Component
Object Model, OLE is object-enabling system software. Through OLE Automation,
an application can dynamically identify and use the services of other applications, to
build powerful solutions using packaged software. OLE also makes it possible to
create compound documents consisting of multiple sources of information from
different applications.
Ole for Process Control This is a data interchange format and supporting software. Typically, vendors (such
as ABB) write OPC server drivers which can talk to their devices. SCADA system
vendors (again like ABB) write OPC clients that can gather data from OPC Servers.
The idea is to provide a universal way to collect data into a SCADA system
regardless of the equipment vendor. This standard was developed and is
maintained by the OPC Foundation. The Totalflow Driver, TDS32, supports OPC.
Ole for Process Control A programming interface to databases. IVision supports the OLEDB interface.
Database
OLEDB See Ole for Process Control Database.
OOP Object-Oriented Programming. The XFC/XRC architecture incorporates an object-
oriented approach.
OPC See Ole for Process Control.
Open Circuit A complete break in a metal conductor path.
Open Circuit Voltage The difference in potential between the terminals of a cell/battery when the circuit is
open (no-load condition).
Open Collector A single NPN transistor with the base connected to the logic driving circuitry and
with the emitter grounded. The collector is the output pin of the gate.
Open Database A widely accepted application-programming interface (API) for database access. It
Connectivity is based on the Call-Level Interface (CLI) specifications from X/Open and ISO/IEC
for database APIs and uses Structured Query Language (SQL) as its database
access language. Using ODBC, you can create database applications with access
to any database for which your end-user has an ODBC driver. This allows access
for authorized users to databases over any network, including the Internet. The
iVision SCADA system provides an ODBC driver, making the database accessible
to authorized users anywhere on a corporate network, or even over the Internet if
the network is properly configured.
Operating System Base-level software that controls a computer, runs programs, interacts with users,
and communicates with installed hardware or peripheral devices.
Orifice Meter Device to record differential pressure measurement which uses a steel plate with a
calibrated hole or orifice to generate a drop in pressure between the two sides of
the plate. Also the primary element of the meter run.
Orifice Plate A plate of non-corrosive material which can be fastened between flanges or in a
special fitting perpendicular to the axis of flow and having a concentric circular hole.
The primary use is for the measurement of gas flow.
ORing Boolean algebra logical function. Described as the addition or summing of switches
or inputs, in the case of boolean elements, the 0 and 1 represent two possible
states of a premis or hypothesis: True or False, On or Off. When adding boolean
elements not real numbers, you will find these results:
1 or 1 = 1
1 or 0 = 1
0 or 1 = 1
0 or 0 = 0

6-22
 TERM DEFINITION

O-Ring A flat ring made of rubber or plastic, used as a gasket.

Output That part of a circuit where the processed signal is available.
P/I See Pulse Input.
Parameter (1) Characteristic. For example, specifying parameters means defining the
characteristics of something. In general, parameters are used to customize a
program. For example, file names, page lengths, and font specifications could all be
considered parameters. (2) In programming, the term parameter is synonymous
with argument, a value that is passed to a routine.
Passive Analog Output Analog Output to a host that is powered by an outside source.
PCCU Portable Collection and Calibration Unit.
PCCU32 Windows version of PCCU communications software to process, archive and collect
data from the Totalflow equipment. Generally run from a laptop.
Peak Area
Peak High
Pentane (C5H12) A saturated hydrocarbon (alkane) with five carbon atoms in it’s molecule (C5H12). A
liquid under normal conditions.
Peripheral The input/output and data storage devices attached to a computer such as disk
drives, printers, keyboards, displays, data acquisition systems, etc.
Persistent Refers to data that remains available after a Warm Start.
PEX A flexible material used for LevelMaster sensors.
PID See Proportional, Integral, Derivative.
Piezoceramic A ceramic material that has piezoelectric properties similar to those of some natural
crystals.
PLC See Programmable logic controller
Plunger Lift A technique used to optimize gas production. A Steel plunger is inserted into the
production tubing in the well. The flow is turned off and this shut-in causes plunger
to fall allowing fluid to collect above plunger. Different techniques are used to
decide how long to shut in and flow the well.
Polling A snapshot view of the readings taken by the Totalflow equipment.
Porportional, Integral, PID Controllers are designed to eliminate the need for continuous operator
Derivative attention. An example would be the cruise control in a car or a house thermostat.
These controllers are used to automatically adjust some variable to hold the
measurement (or process variable) at the set-point. The set-point is where you
would like the measurement to be. Error is defined as the difference between set-
point and measurement.
Port A communications connection on a computer or a remote controller. A place of
access to a device or network, used for input/output of digital and analog signals.
Positive Temperature Co- Opens circuit when high current condition occurs. Closes when condition no longer
efficient fuse exists. Replaces typical fuses, which require replacement when blown.
POU Program Organization Unit. This is Softing’s term for an ‘independent programming
unit’. Programs, functions, etc.
Pressure Differential Difference in pressure between any two points in a continuous system.
Pressure Markers Pressure testing at different levels of pressure. Used for comparison purposes.
Pressure, Absolute See PSIA.
Pressure, Atmospheric See Atmospheric Pressure.

6-23
 TERM DEFINITION

Pressure, Gas In the natural gas industry pressure is measured by the force applied to a
designated area. PSI and OSI refer to how much pressure (pound or ounce) is
applied to one square inch. Inches Water Column (In.W.C.) is also used to express
gas pressure and is measured using a manometer for lower pressure readings. 1
PSIG=27.21 Inches Water Column.
Pressure, Gauge See PSIG.
Primary Cell (or Battery) A cell or battery which is not intended to be recharged and is discarded when the
cell or battery has delivered all its electrical energy.
PRM Acronym for Pressure Regulator Module.
Process Gas Gas use for which alternate fuels are not technically feasible, such as in
applications requiring precise temperature controls and precise flame
characteristics.
Programmable Logic A highly reliable special-purpose computer used in industrial monitoring and control
Controller applications. PLCs typically have proprietary programming and networking
protocols, and special-purpose digital and analog I/O ports.
Programmable Read Only Computer memory in which data can be written to. ROM is used for storing
Memory programs (e.g. operating systems) and characteristic files on a permanent basis.
(non-volatile)
Programmed I/O The standard method a CPU uses to access an I/O device-- each byte of data is
read or written by the CPU.
PROM See Programmable Read Only Memory
Propane (C3H8) A saturated hydrocarbon (alkane) gas, the molecule of which is composed of three
carbon and eight hydrogen atoms. Propane is present in most natural gas and is
the first product refined from crude petroleum. It has many industrial uses and may
be used for heating and lighting. Contains approximately 2,500 Btu per cubic foot.
Protocol A formal set of conventions governing the formatting and relative timing of message
exchange between two communicating systems.
PSI Pounds per Square Inch.
PSIA Pounds per Square Inch Absolute. Absolute pressure uses a perfect vacuum as the
zero point. A perfect vacuum is 0 PSIA.
PSIA=PSIG + Atmospheric Pressure.
PSIG Pounds per Square Inch Gauge. Gauge pressure uses the actual atmospheric
pressure as the zero point.
PTB Physikalisch Technische Bundesanstalt (Federal Physical Technical Office) or
Technical Institute for Certification.
PTC See Positive Temperature Co-efficient Fuse.
Pulse Input Any digital input to a meter (usually a turbine) that is used to measure pulses over a
time period. This calculates volume and flow rate for each period of time.
Pulse Mode An operational mode used by the LevelMaster for measuring single float levels by
transmitting a pulse to the primary windings, reading the voltage level on both the
primary and secondary windings and using a calculation whereby one is subtracted
from another to determine the single fluid level.
Pulse Output Any digital output that is used to measure pulses over a period of time. Frequency
of Pulses in a predetermined time frame represents a value to be used in
calculating volume and flow rate.
Radio Frequency RF for short. That part of the spectrum from approx. 50kHz to gigahertz.
Radio Frequency Electromagnetic radiation which is emitted by electrical circuits carrying rapidly
Interference changing signals, as a by-product of their normal operation, and which causes
unwanted signals (interference or noise) to be induced in other circuits.
RAM See Random Access Memory.

6-24
 TERM DEFINITION

RAM Disk A lithium backed storage chip. Also see Random Access Memory.
Random Access Memory Onboard read/write volatile memory, generally used for application variables and
the file system. Data stored is lost if power is removed (volatile).
Rated Capacity The number of ampere-hours a cell/battery can deliver under specific conditions
(rate of discharge, cut-off voltage, temperature).
RBUS Communication abbreviation for Results Bus.
RCV Communication abbreviation for Received.
RD Acronym for Relative Density.
RDrive Refers to Totalflow’s SRam Drive (solid state memory chip) located on the main
board, used to store data and configuration files. The RDrive is a lithium backed,
volatile memory chip and is not affected by a warm start.
Read Only Memory Computer memory in which data can be routinely read but written to only once
using special means when the ROM is manufactured. ROM is used for storing data
or programs (e.g. operating systems) on a permanent basis.
Real Time Data acted upon immediately instead of being accumulated and processed at a
later time.
Real Time Data Base The iVision SCADA system has an in-memory RTDB for the data it collects from
various devices. Real-time generally means that the data is acquired often enough
that the user can make operational changes to the process while it is still useful to
do so. On a factory floor, this can be in milliseconds. For remote devices which
may require a couple of hours of drive time to reach, real-time can be thought of in
tens of minutes or even hours. The iVision data base can meet either of these
requirements.
Real Time Operating Any operating system where interrupts are guaranteed to be handled within a
System certain specified maximum time, thereby making it suitable for control of hardware
in embedded systems and other time-critical applications. RTOS is not a specific
product but a class of operating system.
Recharge/Charge The conversion of electrical energy, provided in the form of a current from an
external source (charger), into chemical energy within a cell/battery.
Recommended Standard This is the standard interface for full-duplex data communication conducted with two
232 way independent channels. It employs unbalanced signaling and refers to point-to-
point communications between one driver and one receiver in a 4-wire bus system.
The RS-232 (single-ended) transmits at a relatively slow data rate (up to 20K bits
per second) and short distances (up to 50 Ft. @ the maximum data rate).
Recommended Standard This is the standard interface for half-duplex communications conducted with a
422 dual-state driver. It employs balanced signaling and refers to multi-drop
communications between one driver and up to ten receivers, known as “straight-
through” cabling in a 4-wire bus system.
The RS-422 (Differential) transmits a much faster data rate (up to 100K bits per
second) and longer distances (up to 4000 Ft. @ the maximum data rate).
Recommended Standard This is the standard interface for half-duplex communications conducted in the tri-
485 state or common mode. It employs balanced signaling and refers to true multi-point
communications between up to 32 drivers and 32 receivers, in 2-wire bus system.
The RS-485 (Differential) transmits a much faster data rate (up to 100K bits per
second) and longer distances (up to 4000 Ft. @ the maximum data rate). It also
supports more nodes per line because it uses lower impedance drivers and
receivers.
Relay Electromechanical device containing a coil and set of contacts. The contacts close
when the coil is activated.
Remote Controller, X Totalflow’s X series Remote Controller is a low power, microprocessor based unit
Series. designed to meet a wide range of automation, monitor, control, alarming and
measurement applications.

6-25
 TERM DEFINITION

Remote Terminal Unit An industrial data collection device similar to a PLC, designed for location at a
remote site, that communicates data to a host system by using telemetry (such as
radio, dial-up telephone, or leased lines).
Resistance The measure of the ability of a material to pass a current.
Resistant Thermal Detector A metallic probe that measures temperature based upon its coefficient of resistivity.
Resistor Passive component with a known resistance. The value of resistance is usually
shown by a set of colored bands on the body of the component.
Resolution The smallest significant number to which a measurement can be determined. For
example, a converter with 12-bit resolution can resolve 1 part in 4096.
Restore This refers to a Totalflow procedure in which all the Station or Configuration files are
restored to the SDRIVE from the file located on the laptop. This process is very
helpful prior to doing a Cold Start when you want to continue using the
Configuration and Station files.
RFI See Radio Frequency Interference.
Ribbon Cable A flat cable in which the conductors are side by side rather than in a bundle.
ROM See Read Only Memory
RRTS Communication abbreviation for Remote Ready To Send.
RS-232 See Recommended Standard 232.
RS-422 See Recommended Standard 422.
RS-485 See Recommended Standard 485.
RTD See Resistant Thermal Device.
RTDB See Real Time Data Base.
RTOS See Real Time Operating System.
RTS Communication abbreviation for Ready To Send.
RTU See Remote Terminal Unit
RXD Communication abbreviation for Receive Data.
S/N Serial Number. The whole Serial Number is made up of a prefix of 5 digits and the
suffix, a 10 digit configuration number.
Saddle A fitted plate held in place by clamps, straps, heat fusion, or welding over a hole
punched or drilled in a gas main to which a branch line or service line connection is
made. The saddle also may serve as a reinforcing member for repair.
Sample Loop
Save This refers to a Totalflow procedure in which all the Station or Configuration files are
copied from the RDRIVE or the SDRIVE, to a file created on a laptop.
Savitsky-Golay Smoothing Digital Signal Smoothing. A special class of a digital signal processing filter.
Specifically determines the coefficients that are used for signal processing.
SCADA See Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition
Schematic Another name for a circuit diagram.
SCM Acronym for Sample Conditioning Module.
SDRIVE Totalflow’s Serial E2 PROM solid state memory chip, located on the Main Board
(volatile memory, affected by a cold start), used to store configuration or station
files.
Selectable Units Selectable measurement units for various international and specialized application
needs.
Self-Calibrating A property of a DAQ board that has an extremely stable onboard reference and
calibrates its own A/D and D/A circuits without manual adjustments by the user.

6-26
 TERM DEFINITION

Semiconductor Material that is nether a conductor nor insulator. Its properties can be altered by a
control voltage.
Sensor A device that responds to a physical stimulus (heat, light, sound, pressure, motion,
flow, and so on), and produces a corresponding electrical signal.
Sensor File The Sensor File contains all the setup/calibration information of the unit. The
Sensor File is a (.dat) file and by default is named after the base serial number
proceeded by an "s", such as s00108.dat. Although the name can be overwritten, it
is recommended that the default name be kept.
Serial I/O A common form of data transmission, in which the bits of each character are sent
one at a time over the line.
Serial Port A communications interface that uses one data line to transfer data bits
sequentially. On the IBM PC the serial port refers to a standard asynchronous serial
interface which uses the 8250/16450/16550 family of UART's.
Service Life The period of useful life (usually in hours or minutes) of a primary cell/battery before
a predetermined cut-off voltage is reached.
Set-Point A "level" or control point in a feedback system.
SFC Sequential Function Chart (IEC supported programming language)
SG Acronym for Specific Gravity.
Short Circuit A connection of comparatively low resistance accidentally or intentionally made
between points on a circuit between which the resistance is normally much greater.
Also called a "bridge" or "short" such as when solder from two tracks touch on a PC
board.
SIG See Signal.
Signal Any communication between message-based devices consisting of a write to a
signal register.
Signal Generator A circuit that produces a variable and controllable signal.
Signed Integer Can represent a number half the size of a “unsigned integer”, including a negative
number.
Sink Device such as a load that consumes power or conducts away heat.
Skip Days Extra Daily records for recording events that require the start of a new day. i.e.
Volume Reset, Backward Time change over the hour, and Contract Hour change.
SNAM Italy’s Certification Board
SNR Signal to Noise Ratio.
SoftCONTROL Softing’s IEC compiler environment
Softing Maker and distributor of the IEC compiler softCONTROL
Software The non-physical parts of a computer system that include computer programs such
as the operating system, high-level languages, applications programs, etc.
Solar cell A cell that produces current under sunlight.
Solenoid A coil of wire that is long compared to its diameter, through which a current will flow
and produce a magnetic flux to push or pull a rod (called an armature).
SOS See Speed of Sound.
Source Device that provides signal power or energy to a load.
SP See Static Pressure
Specific Gravity The ratio of the mass of a solid or liquid to the mass of an equal volume of distilled
water at 4°C (39°F) or of a gas to an equal volume of air or hydrogen under
prescribed conditions of temperature and pressure. Also called relative density.
Speed of Sound Rate at which sound travels through the medium. Used in flow calculations in the
TotalSonic Meter.

6-27
 TERM DEFINITION

SPU Signal Processing Unit (measurement transducer).

SQL See Structured Query Language.
SRAM See Static Random Access Memory
SSM Acronym for Stream Selector Module.
ST Structured Text (IEC supported programming language)
Static Pressure Equals PSIA or PSIG. Referenced to atmospheric pressure versus absolute
pressure in a vacuum. It is defined as the pressure exerted by a non-moving liquid
or gas. In the case of a gas well this would be the natural PSI of the gas inside of
the well.
Static Random Access The place in your computer that programs reside when running. You can access
Memory any part of the memory, and it can easily be overwritten with new values. SRAM is
much more expensive and physically larger than DRAM but much faster.
Status Output Any digital output that uses “On” or “Off” conditions to determine the status of the
assigned description. Changing from one to the other represents a change in the
condition.
STP Standard Temperature and Pressure
Stream
Structured Query Language IBM developed this language in the 60’s as a way of accessing data from a
relational database. It has a very simple syntax for simple functions but can
become complex for sophisticated applications. This language is standardized by
international standards bodies, and is almost universal in application. Almost all
databases support SQL. The iVision RTDB supports SQL and this makes it
extremely flexible within a corporate network. Authorized users throughout the
organization can write SQL statements to acquire data from this database that they
need for Marketing, Accounting, Engineering, or other functions.
Supercompressibility Factor A factor used to account for the following effect: Boyle's law for gases states that
the specific weight of a gas is directly proportional to the absolute pressure, the
temperature remaining constant. All gases deviate from this law by varying
amounts, and within the range of conditions ordinarily encountered in the natural
gas industry, the actual specific weight under the higher pressure is usually greater
than the theoretical. The factor used to reflect this deviation from the ideal gas law
in gas measurement with an orifice meter is called the "Supercompressibility factor
Fpv". The factor is used to calculate corrected from volumes at standard
temperatures and pressures. The factor is of increasing importance at high
pressures and low temperatures.
Supervisory Control and A common PC function in process control applications, where programmable logic
Data Acquisition controllers (PLCs) perform control functions but are monitored and supervised by a
PC.
Surge A sudden change (usually an increase) in the voltage on a power line. A surge is
similar to a spike, but is of longer duration.
SW VBATT Switched Battery Voltage. Cycles power to equipment to save power.
Switch An electrical device for connecting and disconnecting power to a circuit, having two
states, on (closed) or off (open). Ideally having zero impedance when closed and
infinite impedance when open.
Synchronous (1) Hardware - A property of an event that is synchronized to a reference clock. (2)
Software - A property of a function that begins an operation and returns only when
the operation is complete.
Syntax Comparable to the grammar of a human language, syntax is the set of rules used
for forming statements in a particular programming language.
System Noise A measure of the amount of noise seen by an analog circuit or an ADC when the
analog inputs are grounded.

6-28
 TERM DEFINITION

TankMaster Totalflow Control System for LevelMaster Tank Units.

Tap To cut threads in a round hole so that other fittings or equipment can be screwed
into the hole. Also to make an opening in a vessel or pipe.
TBUS Communication abbreviation for Transmit Bus.
TCP/IP TCP/IP – This is the basic communication format for the Internet, and for much of
what happens on a corporate network. Virtually all networked PCs and other
computers have an “IP address” having the format xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx (xxx can range
from 0 to 255 in most cases). You can see the ip address of your PC by going to
the start menu, selecting run, and entering cmd. A “DOS Box” will be displayed on
your screen. Type ipconfig to get the ip address. When you enter a URL (e.g.,
www.totalflow.com) in a browser, a DNS server (on the network) resolves this into
an IP address and directs your request to the machine with that address.
TDS32 Totalflow DDE Server that allows Microsoft Windows applications with DDE
capabilities to communicate with Totalflow’s equipment. For example data can be
retrieved and placed in an Excel spreadsheet.
Temperature Coefficient An experimental number used to modify the calibration of a device (Totalflow
transducer) to account for changes in environmental temperature.
Temperature, Ambient The temperature of the air, atmosphere or other fluid that completely surrounds the
apparatus, equipment or the work piece under consideration. For devices which do
not generate heat, this temperature is the same as the temperature of the medium
at the point of device location when the device is not present. For devices which do
generate heat, this temperature is the temperature of the medium surrounding the
device when the device is present and generating heat. Allowable ambient-
temperature limits are based on the assumption that the device in question is not
exposed to significant radiant-energy sources such as sunlight or heated surfaces.
Temperature, Flowing Temperature of the flowing fluid. Usually gas and measured by an RTD.
Terminal Mode Man-Machine interface tool used as and engineering interface with equipment.
Termination Placement of a connector on a cable.
Termination Panel A circuit board with screw terminals or other connector system that allows
convenient connection of field signals to a data acquisition or communication
system.
TF.NET Totalflow network used to access iVision/web data.
TFIO Module Totalflow Input/Output module (i.e. quad AO)
Thermocouple A temperature sensor created by joining two dissimilar metals. The junction
produces a small voltage as a function of the temperature.
Thermowell A closed-end tube designed to protect temperature sensors from harsh
environments, high pressure, and flows. They can be installed into a system by pipe
thread or welded flange and are usually made of corrosion-resistant metal or
ceramic material depending upon the application.
Therms Master Totalflow application for Gas Analyzer.
Tolerance The allowable percentage variation of any component from that stated on its body.
Totalflow Product line of ABB Inc. Maker and distributor of the X Series Flow Computers
(XFC) and Remote Controllers (XRC).
TotalSonic MMI TotalSonic’s Man Machine Interface software program. May also be called
MEPAFLOW 600.
Transducer A device for converting energy from one form to another, specifically the
measurement of pressure differential in natural gas gate stations. I.e. Pressure to
voltage or current.
Transfer Rate The rate, measured in bytes/s, at which data is moved from source to destination
after software initialization and set up operations; the maximum rate at which the
hardware can operate.

6-29
 TERM DEFINITION

Transient An abrupt change in voltage, of short duration (e.g. a brief pulse caused by the
operation of a switch).
Transistor A three leaded device (Collector, Base, Emitter) used for amplifying or switching.
Also called a bi-polar transistor to distinguish it from Field Effect Transistor etc.
Transmitter A device that converts audio, video or coded signals into modulated radio frequency
signals which can be propagated by electromagnetic waves (radio waves).
Tranzorb Transient Voltage Suppression device.
TRB Tank Request Block Editor. When requesting storage space after adding a
LevelMaster application, the file is saved as a *.trb file.
Tube Cylinder for transporting or storing liquids: any long hollow cylinder used to transport
or store liquids.
Tuned Radio Frequency An amplitude modulated (AM) receiver with one or more stages of radio frequency
before the detector.
TXD Communication abbreviation for Transmit Data.
UDINT Unsigned Double Integer
Unsigned Integer Can represent a number twice the size of a “signed integer”, but cannot represent a
large negative number.
Upload This refers to a Totalflow procedure in which any file(s) located in the on-board
memory of a Totalflow Host is copied to a file created on a laptop PC.
UPS Un-interruptible power supply. A power conditioning unit placed between the
commercial power service and the protected device. The UPS uses line power to
charge batteries, which, in the case of a power failure, can drive electronic circuitry
to produce the appropriate AC requirements for some time period.
Upstream From a reference point, any point located nearer the origin of flow, that is, before
the reference point is reached.
Upstream Pipeline The first pipeline to transport natural gas en route to an inter-connect point for
delivery to another pipeline. See DOWNSTREAM PIPELINE.
USX Provider of the RTOS used by the X Series product line
VAC Volts of alternating current.
Vacuum A pressure less than atmospheric pressure, measured either from the base of zero
pressure or from the base of atmospheric pressure (PSIA).
Valve A mechanical device for controlling the flow of fluids and gases; types such as gate,
ball, globe, needle, and plug valves are used.
Valve Control This feature provides automatic feedback control of Differential Pressure (DP),
Static Pressure (SP), and Flow Rate for the purpose of positioning a flow valve to
maintain a desired value of DP, SP, or Flow Rate.
VAS32 Totalflow’s Voice Alarm System. A software program that receives and transmits
alarm notifications via cell, telephone or pager systems.
VBATT Battery Voltage. The voltage output from the battery source.
VDC Volts of direct current.
VDE Verband der Elektrotechnik Elektronik Informationstechnik [Association for
Electrical, Electronic & Information Technologies]
Vent A normally sealed mechanism which allows for the controlled escape of gases from
within a cell.
Virtual Memory A method of making disk storage appear like RAM memory to the CPU, thus
allowing programs that need more RAM memory than is installed to run in the
system. This technique is slow compared to "real" memory.
VOG Velocity of Gas.

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 TERM DEFINITION

Volatile Memory A storage medium that loses all data when power is removed.
Volt The unit of voltage or potential difference.. One thousand volts = 1kV.
Voltage Electrical pressure, the force, which causes current to flow through a conductor.
Voltage must be expressed as a difference of potential between two points since it
is a relational term. Connecting both voltmeter leads to the same point will show no
voltage present although the voltage between that point and ground may be
hundred or thousands of volts.
Voltmeter A meter for reading voltage. It is one of the ranges in a multimeter.
Volume Calculation Period The specified length between reading and calculating volume data.
VOS Velocity of Sound.
Warm Start A rebooting technique which will clear most operational errors, without damaging
either the data or configuration files. This causes the equipment to boot from the
RDRIVE, which is a solid state memory chip.
Watt Symbol W. The unit of power. One watt is the product of one volt and one amp.
Power (W) = Current (I) X Energy (E). (E = Volts)
Wavelength The distance between two points of corresponding phase in consecutive cycles
Web Page All the text, graphics, and sound visible with a single access to a Web site; what you
see when you request a particular URL.
Web Server The hardware and software required to make Web pages available for delivery to
others on networks connected with yours.
Web Site A collection of electronic "pages" of information on a Web server
Well, Development A well drilled in order to obtain production of gas or oil known to exist.
Well, Disposal A deep well in which to inject waste chemicals, etc., such as a well to dispose of salt
brine from the solution mining of salt dome gas storage caverns.
Well, Exploratory A well drilled to a previously untested geologic structure to determine the presence
of oil or gas.
Well, Gas A well which produces at surface conditions the contents of a gas reservoir; legal
definitions vary among the states.
Well, Marginal A well which is producing oil or gas at such a low rate that it may not pay for the
drilling.
Well, Stripper Non-associated gas well capable of producing no more than 90 Mcf/day at its
maximum rate of flow.
Well, Wildcat An exploratory well being drilled in unproven territory, that is, in a horizon from
which there is no production in the general area.
Wellhead The assembly of fittings, valves, and controls located at the surface and connected
to the flow lines, tubing, and Casing of the well so as to control the flow from the
reservoir.
WINCCU Windows Central Collection Unit. Windows version of software to process, archive
and manipulate data collected from the Totalflow products.
Witness In the field, where hydrocarbons are changing hands and actual cash register
transactions being performed, it is not uncommon for one party or the other to
request / require a representative or company employee be present during
calibrations and or routine maintenance. Often this arrangement is contractually
linked.
Wobbe Index Calculated from the energy content, or a higher heating value of the gas, and the
relative density of the gas (Btu/RD1/2).
Working Voltage The highest voltage that should be applied to a product in normal use, normally well
under the breakdown voltage for safety margin. See also Breakdown Voltage.

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 TERM DEFINITION

World Wide Web An Internet service facilitating access to electronic information - also known as the
Web, WWW, or W3.
X Series Totalflow’s new extendable equipment series featuring technology that is
expandable and flexible for ever changing needs.
XFC See Flow Computer, X Series.
XFC-195 Board The main electronic board used in X Series flow computers. The XFC-195 Board
mounts on the inside of the enclosure’s front door.
XIMV Integral Multivariable Transducer
XMV External Multivariable Transducer.
XRC See Remote Controller, X Series.
XRC X Series Remote Controller. Also see Remote Controller, X Series.
Y Expansion factor
Zero Gas Gas at atmospheric pressure.

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 Chapter 7
Drawing & Diagrams

This Chapter of the manual has been provided as a location for the user to
place drawings that accompanies their new Totalflow units.

Totalflow recommends that a complete set of all drawings that accompany

a Totalflow units be placed in this Chapter. This would ensure that the user
have only drawings applicable to their units and drawings that are at the
latest revision level.

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 B
Bllaannkk P
Paaggee

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