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Chapter - 4: Let's Make Coding Fun!

Views allow users to query data from one or more tables through a predefined SQL statement. A view contains rows and columns from its underlying tables but can restrict or rearrange the data. Views provide benefits like data security, reducing redundancy, and simplifying queries. They can be updated, inserted into, and deleted from if certain conditions are met regarding their structure. Views are created using the CREATE VIEW statement and can be dropped with DROP VIEW.

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Anchugam Keerthi
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39 views

Chapter - 4: Let's Make Coding Fun!

Views allow users to query data from one or more tables through a predefined SQL statement. A view contains rows and columns from its underlying tables but can restrict or rearrange the data. Views provide benefits like data security, reducing redundancy, and simplifying queries. They can be updated, inserted into, and deleted from if certain conditions are met regarding their structure. Views are created using the CREATE VIEW statement and can be dropped with DROP VIEW.

Uploaded by

Anchugam Keerthi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHAPTER -4

VIEWS

Let’s make coding fun!


VIEWS

A view is nothing more than a SQL statement that is stored in the


database with an associated name. A view is actually a composition
of a table in the form of a predefined SQL query.

A view can contain all rows of a table or select rows from a table. A
view can be created from one or many tables which depends on the
written SQL query to create a view.

• A View, which is mapped to a table, will in effect have a sub-


set of the actual columns of the table from which it is built.
• To reduce redundant data to the minimum possible, Oracle
allows the creation of an object called a VIEW.
BENEFITS
• Data Security
• Data Redundancy
HOW TO USE VIEWS?
• Using create view statement with select and where clause
• Data manipulation using Views using REFERENCES called
Updateable Views
• ORDER BY clause cannot be used while creating a view
VIEW IMPLEMENTATION
• Views is a sub set on table which is in READ ONLY Mode
• Views can not support data manipulation in the table but data
manipulation can be changed make changes automatically in
the view
• Views can be created with more than one table using
REFERNENCES clause
• Views can be created by 2 different tables
Creating Views

Database views are created using the CREATE VIEW statement.


Views can be created from a single table, multiple tables or another
view.

To create a view, a user must have the appropriate system privilege


according to the specific implementation.

The basic CREATE VIEW syntax is as follows −

CREATE VIEW view_name AS


SELECT column1, column2.....
FROM table_name
WHERE [condition];

You can include multiple tables in your SELECT statement in a


similar way as you use them in a normal SQL SELECT query.

Example

Consider the CUSTOMERS table having the following records −


ID NAME AGE ADDRESS SALARY
ER1 Ronie 35 Amsterdam 2000.00
ER2 Kelvin 25 Durban 1200.00
ER3 John 23 Sydney 2300.00

Following is an example to create a view from the CUSTOMERS


table. This view would be used to have customer name and age
from the CUSTOMERS table.

SQL > CREATE VIEW CUSTOMERS_VIEW AS


SELECT name, age
FROM CUSTOMERS;

Now, you can query CUSTOMERS_VIEW in a similar way as you


query an actual table. Following is an example for the same.

SQL > SELECT * FROM CUSTOMERS_VIEW;

This would produce the following result.

NAME AGE
Ronie 35
Kelvin 25
John 23

The WITH CHECK OPTION

The WITH CHECK OPTION is a CREATE VIEW statement


option. The purpose of the WITH CHECK OPTION is to ensure that
all UPDATE and INSERTs satisfy the condition(s) in the view
definition. If they do not satisfy the condition(s), the UPDATE or
INSERT returns an error.

The following code block has an example of creating same view


CUSTOMERS_VIEW with the WITH CHECK OPTION.
CREATE VIEW CUSTOMERS_VIEW AS
SELECT name, age
FROM CUSTOMERS
WHERE age IS NOT NULL
WITH CHECK OPTION;

The WITH CHECK OPTION in this case should deny the entry of any
NULL values in the view's AGE column, because the view is defined
by data that does not have a NULL value in the AGE column.

Updating a View

A view can be updated under certain conditions which are given


below −

 The SELECT clause may not contain the keyword DISTINCT.


 The SELECT clause may not contain summary functions.
 The SELECT clause may not contain set functions.
 The SELECT clause may not contain set operators.
 The SELECT clause may not contain an ORDER BY clause.
 The FROM clause may not contain multiple tables.
 The WHERE clause may not contain subqueries.
 The query may not contain GROUP BY or HAVING.
 Calculated columns may not be updated.
 All NOT NULL columns from the base table must be included
in the view in order for the INSERT query to function.

So, if a view satisfies all the above-mentioned rules then you can
update that view. The following code block has an example to
update the age of Ramesh.

SQL > UPDATE CUSTOMERS_VIEW


SET AGE = 35
WHERE name = 'Ramesh';

This would ultimately update the base table CUSTOMERS and the
same would reflect in the view itself. Now, try to query the base
table and the SELECT statement would produce the following
result.
ID NAME AGE ADDRESS SALARY
ER1 Ronie 35 Amsterdam 2000.00
ER2 Kelvin 25 Durban 1200.00
ER3 John 23 Sydney 2300.00

Inserting Rows into a View

Rows of data can be inserted into a view. The same rules that apply
to the UPDATE command also apply to the INSERT command.

Here, we cannot insert rows in the CUSTOMERS_VIEW because we


have not included all the NOT NULL columns in this view, otherwise
you can insert rows in a view in a similar way as you insert them in
a table.

Deleting Rows into a View

Rows of data can be deleted from a view. The same rules that apply
to the UPDATE and INSERT commands apply to the DELETE
command.

Following is an example to delete a record having AGE = 22.

SQL > DELETE FROM CUSTOMERS_VIEW


WHERE age = 22;

This would ultimately delete a row from the base table


CUSTOMERS and the same would reflect in the view itself. Now, try
to query the base table and the SELECT statement would produce
the following result.

ID NAME AGE ADDRESS SALARY


ER1 Ronie 35 Amsterdam 2000.00
ER2 Kelvin 25 Durban 1200.00
ER3 John 23 Sydney 2300.00
Dropping Views

Obviously, where you have a view, you need a way to drop the view
if it is no longer needed. The syntax is very simple and is given
below − DROP VIEW view_name; Following is an example to drop
the CUSTOMERS_VIEW from the CUSTOMERS table.

DROP VIEW CUSTOMERS_VIEW;

PRACTICE

CONCLUSION
In this chapter, we showed how to create views and learned the
importance of views in the database.

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