Question Bank:

Important Instruction:
1. Words/figure may be changed.
2. Blanks and True/False may be interchanged.

Fill in the blanks:

1) If the observed time is 0.16 min and rating is 125 then the Basic time will
be________________min. (0.20 ) [0.16 x125/100=0.20] [Write up to two
decimal place]
2) In ___________ graph, a small electric bulb is attached to the hand, finger or
any other part of body whose motion is to be analyzed or recorded. (cycle).
3) _________study is the systematic recording and critical examination of ways of
doing things in order to make improvements. (method)
4) ______is the application of techniques designed to establish the time for a
qualified worker to carry out a task at define rate of working. (Time study)
5) In making a ___________graph, a discontinuous or intercepted power supply is
given to the electric bulb. (chronocycle)
6) _____________________studied subject of productivity and wages.
(harringtonemerson)
7) Therbligs are _________kinds of elemental motions used in the study of motion
economy in the workplace. (18)
8) Search ____attempting to find an object using the eyes and hands. (sh)
9) Select _____ choosing among several objects in a group. (st)
10) ________________was studying on work measurements. (ralphmosserbarnes)
11) The __________chart_is a graphical and symbolic representation of the
activities performed on the work piece. (flowprocess)
12) The _____________illustrates only the value-adding activities in the
manufacturing process. (operation chart)
13) A _______________chart is a symbolic representation that illustrates the
sequence of actions within a process. (flowprocess)
14) The string diagram in a special form of ______________diagram. (flow)
15) ___________indicates an inspection for quality. (square)
16) ___________indicates an operation of cutting materials. (circle)
17) Rating Factor and Leveling Factor are ________. (same)
18) The predetermined motion time standards (P.M.T.S.) is used in _________
rating. (synthetic)
19) _____________allowances, takes care of the mental and physical needs of
workers, who require rest periods (relaxation)
20) __________allowances takes care of the unforeseen circumstances such as the
extra work caused by defective machines or substandard materials
(contingency)
21) Work study examines _________and duration of work. (method)
22) In task analysis the steps are select, ______,examine, develop,
install/implement and maintain .( record)
23) _____________diagram a scale plan. (string)
24) In Therbligs, colour for ‘search’ is_________.(black)
25) In Therbligs, Abbreviation used for Disassemble is_______(da).
26) A ________ is based on film analysis (simo).
27) In SIMO chart, the movements are recorded against time measured in _____.
(winks)

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28) In outline process chart, the ___________lines represents materials being
introduced. (horizontal)
29) The outline (operation) process chart, operation and ___________ symbols are
used. (inspection)
30) In process charts, the symbol used for inspection is__________.(square)
31) In process charts, the symbol used for storage is_______.(triangle)
32) A milk powder tin is being weighed as it is filled is an example of Operation
cum ___________(inspection)
33) Economic and Technical considerations and Human reactions must be
considered while selecting the work for _______study. (method)
34) _____chart gives simultaneously information about the progress of work and
machine loading.( manmachine )

True/ False:
1) Productivity = input / output (False)
2) PFD allowance takes care of personal needs, failure, and unavoidable delays.
(False) Correct answer (Fatigue)
3) Total work content =Basic work content + Excess time (True)
4) Skill, Efficiency, Conditions and Consistency. are used in Westing-house
System of Rating (False) (Correct Effort)
5) A four factors system performance Rating was developed at Westing house by
C.E. Bedaux. (True)
6) Method Study simplifies the job & develop more economical methods of doing
it. (True)
7) Method study and time study are not closely linked. (False)
8) Work Measurement determines how long it should take it to carry out. (true)
9) In OPC, all types of movements i.e. complex, very fast or unrestricted
movements can be recorded. (False)
10) Cycle and Chronocycle graphs provide an aid in explaining the pattern of
motion which is used in performing the operation. (True)
11) Multiple activity charts are the process charts using a time scale. (True)
12) A string diagram is a tabular record for representing the quantitative data
regarding the movement of workers, materials or equipment. (False) (Correct
answer: Travel Chart)
13) The travel chart is a very effective technique of recording for critical
examination of the movement of man and material but string diagrams take very
long time to construct. (False) (Correct answer: string diagram)
14) Frederick Taylor is not known as the "father of scientific management. (False)
15) The performance rating factor and allowances are based upon human judgment
(true)
16) A Performance Rating Factor (PRF) of 130% means a worker is slow and needs
0% more time. (False)
17) . A performance-rating factor (PRF) of 1.15 means a worker is working at a
pace that is 15 percent faster than normal. (True)
18) Allowances include time for fatigue, equipment breakdowns, rest periods.
(True)
19) Personal fatigue and delay allowances are added to normal time; to arrive at
Standard (True)
20) Predetermined time standards are time available in books and electronic tables
(True)

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21) Repetitive element occurs in every work cycle of the job. (True)
22) Occasional element occurs at intervals. (True)
23) Constant element in which basic or normal time reminds constant. (True)
24) Variable element basic or normal time varies. (True)
25) Machines perform manual element. (False)
26) Governing element does not occupies a longer time than any other element. (False)
27) Normal time = Observed Time x Performance Rating Factor or, OT x PRF (True)
28) Predetermined time standards are advantageous since they avoid needing multiple
performance ratings. (True)
29) W.F.S. is kind of PMTS known as Work Force System (False) (Correct answer
Factor).
30) Rating Factor= Normal Performance / Observed performance (False) (correct
answer: Observed performance/ Normal Performance)

Match the followings for various types of elements used in Time study:

No Types of Elements No Example Activity

A A Repetitive Element I Switch on machine
B An Occasional II Picking up a part prior to an assembly
Element operation
C A Constant Element III Machine setting
D A Variable Element IV In furniture manufacture, sanding the edge
of a board before planning has been
completed.
E A Manual Element V Sweep floor
F A Machine Element VI Worker lifting job
G A Governing Element VII Anneal tubes
H A Foreign Element VIII Turn diameter on a lathe
Answers:
A B C D E F G H
II III I V VI VII VIII IV
Match the followings for personal fatigue allowance for male workers:

No Types of Elements No %
Allowances
A Personal allowance I 0-15%
B Basic fatigue allowance II 5%
C Awkward work posture III 4%
concentrations
D Visual concentrations IV 1-8%
E Poor Lighting V 0-10%
F Tediousness or VI 1-5%
monotony
G Protective equipment VII 0-5%
H Mental strain VIII 0-20%
Answers:
A B C D E F G H
II III I V VI VII VIII IV

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Match the followings for various types of allowances:

No Types of Elements No Example

A Delay Allowance I When the work is heavy and done under unfavorable
conditions.
B Fatigue Allowance II Interruptions due to material irregularities
C Personal Allowance III Severe working conditions
D Policy Allowance IV Allowances are given under certain special
circumstances
E Small Lot Allowance V Workers on night shift
F Rework Allowance VI When the actual production period is too short
G Training Allowance VII Some percent of parts made are spoiled due to factors
beyond the operator's control.
H Special Allowances VIII When work is done by trainee

Answers:
A B C D E F G H
II III I V VI VII VIII IV

Short Questions & Answers:

1) What are the effective and non-effective Therbligs:
(a)Effective Therbligs (8): Reach, Move, Grasp, Release Load, Use, Assemble,
Disassemble, Pre-Position
(b)Non-Effective Therbligs (9): Hold, Rest, Position, Search, Select, Plan,
Unavoidable delay, Avoidable delay, Inspect

2) What is the sequence of Work Simplification:?

Work simplification: Select-Record-Examine-Develop-Install- Maintain
3) What is the sequence of Work Measurement:?
Work Measurement: Select-Record-Examine-Measure-Define

4) Draw the diagram of total time of operation consisting work content and total
ineffective time addition:

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5) What is Total Productivity?

Total Productivity: When the change in output is caused by changed in the quantity
of all or more than one variable, it is called as total factor productivity.

6) Write the various productivity ratios used in partial productivity:

7) Write the factor affecting productivity:

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8) Write formula to calculate efficiency on output and time basis:

9) State the 5 ways to improve Productivity:

10) State the techniques to improving productivity:

Answer: Work-study, Product design, Cost Control, Plant layout, Ergonomic,
Market research, Research & development

11) State the objectives of method study:

1. Improvement of processes and procedures
2. Improvement in the design of plant and equipment
3. Improvement of layout
4. Improvement in the use of men, materials and machines
5. Economy in human effort and reduction of unnecessary fatigue
6. Improvement in safety standards
7. Development of better working environment.

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12) Write advantages of method study:
1) Improved working and standardized procedures.
2) Better work place layout
3) Less fatigue to operators.
4) Better product quality
5) Effective utilization of men, material & machinery
6) Efficient and fast material handling.
7) Reduced health hazards
8) Efficient planning of the section
9) Streamlined working procedures

13) Draw the components of standard time:

14) What are the purpose of Work measurement?

1. To find ineffective time in a process
2. To set standard for output level.
3.To evaluate worker's performance
4. To plan work force needs.
5. To determine available capacity
6. To compare work methods
7. To facilitate operations scheduling
8. To establish wage incentive schemes
15) How will you select a job for Time study?
 The job in question is a new one, not previously carried out (new product,
component, operation or set of activities)
 A change in material or method of working has been made and a new time standard
is required.
 A complaint has been received from a worker or worker’s representative about the
time standard for an operation.
 A particular operation appears to be a “bottleneck” holding up subsequent operations
and possibly previous operations.

16) Give the Therblig symbol for the following operations:

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17) Draw process chart symbols

Solve the Examples:

1) Examples taught in Lecture class

1.Work study consists of

Effective use of plant and equipment
Effective use of human effort
Evaluation of human work
All of the given * (* This is Answer)

2.Work study examines

Method
Duration of work
Both ‘a’ and ‘b’ *
None of the given

3.Work study is also recognized as

Time study
Motion study
Both ‘a’ and ‘b’ *
None of the given

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4.The correct order of procedure in method study is
Select – Record – Examine – Develop – Define – Install – Maintain *
Select – Define – Examine – Develop – Record – Install – Maintain
Select – Record – Develop – Examine – Define – Install – Maintain
Select – Record – Examine – Define – Develop – Install – Maintain

5.The following factor(s) must be considered while selecting the work for
method study
Economic considerations
Technical considerations
Human reactions
All of the given*

6.In process charts, the symbol used for storage is

Circle
Square
Arrow
Triangle *

7.In process charts, the symbol used for inspection is

Circle
Square *
Arrow
Triangle

8.Delay occurs when

Someone stops the process
Product wait for next event (operation)
Both ‘a’ and ‘b’ *
None of the given

9.A milk powder tin is being weighed as it is filled is an example of

Operation cum transportation
Operation cum inspection *
Transportation cum inspection
None of the given

10.In outline process chart, the horizontal lines represents

General flow of process
Materials being introduced *
Both ‘a’ and ‘b’
None of the given

11.The outline (operation) process chart, the following symbols are used
Operation and inspection *
Operation and transportation
Inspection and transportation
Operation and storage

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12.The following is (are) the type(s) of flow process chart
Man type
Material type
Equipment type
All of the given *

13.Two hand process chart is commonly used for

repetitive operations
short operations
both ‘a’ and ‘b’ *
none of the given

14.The following chart(s) record the movements

operation process chart
flow process chart *
both ‘a’ and ‘b’
None of the given

15.Which of the following is a scale plan?

String diagram *
Flow process chart
Operation process chart
All of the given

16.In THERBLIGS, colour for ‘Transport Load’ is

Black
Grey
Red
Green *

17.In THERBLIGS, ‘→’ symbol is used for

Search
Find
Position
Select *

18.In THERBLIGS, Abbreviation used for Hold is

HOLD
DE
H*
DS

19.A ____ is based on film analysis

SIMO chart *
Flow process chart
String diagram
Operation flow chart

20.In SIMO chart, the movements are recorded against time measured in _____.
Minutes

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Seconds
Micro seconds
Winks *

21.As per principle of motion economy

Motion of arms should be symmetrical and in opposite direction
both the hand should not remain idle except during rest period
both hands should start and complete their work simultaneously
All of the given *

22.The height of chair should be such that the top of work table is ________ the
elbow level of the operator.
at same level of
about 30 mm below
about 30 mm above
about 50 mm above *

23.What does symbol 'D' imply in work study?

Operation
Inspection
Transport
Delay *

24.Work study involves

Only method study
Only work measurement
Method study and work measurement *
Only motion study

25.Micro motion study is

Analysis of a man-work method by using a motion picture camera with a timing
device in the field of view *
Motion study observed on enhanced time intervals
Motion study of a sequence of operations conducted systematically
Study of man and machine conducted simultaneously

26.Work study is concerned with

Improving present method and finding standard time *
Motivation of workers
Improving production capability
Improving production planning and control

27.Which one of the following chart gives simultaneously information about the
progress of work and machine loading?
Process chart
Machine load chart
Man-machine chart *
Gantt chart

28.The allowed time for a job equals standard time plus

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Policy allowance *
Interference allowance
Process allowance
Learning allowance

29.Work study involves

Only method study
Only work measurement
Method study and work measurement *
Only motion study

30.Standard time is defined as

Normal time + allowances *
Normal time + idle time + allowances
Normal time + idle time
Only normal time for an operation

31.Motion study involves analysis of

Actions of operator *
Layout of work place
Tooling and equipment
All of the given

32.The average time recorded by work study man for an operation is called
Standard time
Normal time
Representative time *
None of these

33.Time study is carried out to determine the time required to complete job by
A slow worker
A fast worker
An average worker *
An apprentice

34.In time study, the rating factor is applied to determine

Standard time of a job
Merit rating of the worker
Fixation of incentive rate *
Normal time of a worker

35.Choose the wrong statement. Motion study is used for

Improving a work method
Improvising a work method
Designing a work method
Reducing inventory costs *

36.The main objective of work measurement is to

Plan and schedule of production
Formulate a proper incentive scheme

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Estimate the selling prices and delivery dates
All of the given *

37.Micro-motion study is
Enlarged view of motion study
Analysis of one stage of motion study
Minute and detailed motion study
Subdivision of an operation into therbligs and their analysis *

38.Time study is carried out

By finding all the significant information regarding the job, work place and
machine tool etc
By breaking up each operation into small elements which are measurable with
the help of the measuring device accurately
By observing and recording the time taken by the operator for an operation
All of the given *

39.Standard time as compared to normal time is

Greater *
Smaller
Equal
There is no such correlation

40.One time measurement unit (TMU) in method time measurement system

equals
0.0001 minute
0.0006 minute *
0.006 minute
0.001 minute

41.String diagram is used when

Team of workers is working at a place *
Material handling is to be done
Idle time is to be reduced
All of the given

42.Father of industrial engineering is

Jack Gilbert
Gantt
Taylor *
Newton

43.The work study is done by means of

Planning chart
Process chart
Stop watch *
Any one of the given

44.The chart which gives an estimate about the amount of materials handling
between various work stations is known as

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Flow chart
Process chart
Travel chart *
Operation chart

45.TMU in method time measurement stands for

Time motion unit
Time measurement unit *
Time movement unit
Technique measurement unit

46.Work study is most useful

Where production activities are involved *
In judging the rating of machines
In improving industrial relations
In judging the output of a man and improving it

47.String diagram is used

For checking the relative values of various layouts
When a group of workers is working at a place
Where processes require the operator to be moved from one place to another
(D) All of the given *

48.Percent idle time for men or machines is found by

Work sampling *
Time study
Method study
Work study

49.The determination of standard time in a complex job system is best done

through
Stop watch time study
Analysis of micro-motions
Grouping timing technique
Analysis of standard data system *

50.Standard time is equal to

(Normal time) - (allowances)
(Normal time) + (allowances) *
Representative time multiplied by rating factor
Normal time taken by an operation

51. In THERBLIGS, colour for ‘Plan’ is

Black
Grey
Red
Brown*

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