My Book Shop

CONTENTS

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

 SYNOPSIS

 INTRODUCTION

 BUSINESS REQUIREMENT

 DATA BASE DESIGN MODEL

 DATABASE IMPLEMENTATION

 REQUIREMENT AND ANALYSIS

 USER INTERFACE AND FUNCTIONALITY DESIGN

 IMPLEMENTATION
 TESTING
 RESULT AND SNOP SHOT

 CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE

 BIBLIOGRAPHY

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We express our grateful acknowledgement to our institution

KALPATARU FIRST GRADE SCIENCE COLLEGE, TIPTUR that provides us

an opportunity to fulfil our cherishing ambition of becoming Junior

Engineers in computer science.

We have great pleasure in expressing our deep sense of gratitude to

our Principal PROF. Dr. A.M.SHIVANNA, KFGSC, Tiptur for having

provided all the facilities to work out this project.

We are grateful to our Head of the department, CSE,

Mr. VINAY.M.S for his unfailing encouragement, invaluable guidance and

suggestion given to us in the course of our project work.

We are also thankful to all the lecturers who have helped us

throughout this project with their invaluable guidance.

We are extremely thankful to various Departments for providing us

Data and also to our college and the Entire staff.

Last, but certainly not the least we thank all our friends who have

been very helpful throughout the project with their invaluable suggestions at

time to time, and also like to thank all the teaching and non-teaching

staff, for their kind co-operation.

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SYNOPSIS

Online bookstore software project acts as a central database containing

various books in stock along with their title, author and cost.

This project is a website that acts as a central book store. This web
project is developed using PHP as the front end and Mysql as a back-end. The
Mysql database stores various book related details. A user visiting the website
can see a wide range of books arranged in respective categories and
subcategories. The user may select desired book and view its price. The user
may even search for specific books on the website. Once the user selects a
book , he then has to fill in a form and the book is booked for the user.

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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
In the world of software development there lots of improvement in the
area of architectural design and principles. The philosophies and
implementation details arechanging as the people guiding the development
of the application. In this fantasticand yet sometimes complex world of
software development there are some tried andtrue architecture patternsand
software development guidelines employed by mostarchitects. Also your
design must have an ability to turn towards innovation instead oflending
itself to common practices. Web services are one such area where
architectsmust lean on their creative side and hope that their solutions are
still successful. Inthis report we will explain an exciting voyage down the
road of Web servicesapplication. From requirements to use cases, to
database design, to componentframeworks, to user interfaces, we will cover
each and every aspect of system designrequired to build an application with
collaborative Web services. The reason why weselected online Bookstore web
service is everybody walking down the street has someidea about
bookstores. The objective of this project is to develop an e- book storewhere
books can be bought from the comfort of home through the Internet.

1.1Introduction to online Book Shop:

Online bookstore projects acts as a central database containing
various books in stock along with their title, author and cost. This project is
a website that acts as a central book store. This web project is developed
using phpas the front end and mysql as a back-end. The mysql database
stores various book related details. A user visiting the website can see a
wide range of books arranged in respective categories. The user may select
desired book and view its price. The user may even search for specific books
on the website. Once the user selects a book, he then has to fill in a form
and the book is booked for the user

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1.2 Existing system

In the existing system the customer needs to go directly to the
merchant and purchase the books.Here all the transactions are done
directly. It is a time consuming job. It is a Computerized system. The owner
of the firm is automating the book stall with the help of a single system. It
may time consuming as there is only one system to manage all the
transactions in the shop. Books needed for the customer are purchased
according to the order given. Outdated books are returned back to the
dealer. When a customer came in need of a particular book, the owner
should first of all search that whether it is available or not. After finding the
books he has to calculate the rate by checking the details and have to fill the
receipt. The process is time consuming and chance of error is high.

1.2.1 Limitations of the Existing System

 Direct Transaction
In the existing system all the transactions are done face to face. If a
customer needs to purchase a book, then he has to approach the
shop and buy it.
 Manual supervision causes wastage of time
There will be time lagging between transaction as there is only a
single system to automate the whole dealings.
 Time limited access
The book stall could be accessed only in the working hours. The
customer needs to wait for the shop to be open.

1.3 Proposed System

The proposed system provides facilities to access the book system
from anywhere in the community. The customer can visit the site and
purchase the book according to their requirements. The main advantage of
the system is that all transactions can be done through a common network.
Many features of e-commerce have been implemented here. Thus making it
moreeconomical.

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The existing system has certain limitations than a web based system.
In order to wipe out those limitations in the computerized system, we
introduced a web based system. This will be able to meet all the
requirements of the user. The proposed system will be able to implement
easily. In this system there is no need of keeping files or records by the
administrator. He can keep the records in the computer system itself and
can be shared among networks. The user is able to access all the
information at any point of time.

Online book store provides a user friendly interface and performs

operations according to the user’s request. It allows the user to view any
type of books available,searching for a particular book based on name,
author, language, publication etc.and the user can also purchase books
based on his/her requirement. Inorder to purchase a particular book, the
user should have an account. The user can register directly to our site by
filling an online registration form. After registration, the user can log in to
the site by using the username and password created during registration.
Only the registered users have the permission to purchase books from
online book store.

1.4 Architecture of System:

Systems design is the process of defining the architecture,

components, modules, interfaces, and data for a system to satisfy specified
requirements. Systems design could see it as the application of systems
theory to product development. There is some overlap with the disciplines of
systems analysis, systems architecture and systems engineering. If the
broader topic of product development "blends the perspective of marketing,
design, and manufacturing into a single approach to product development,"
then design is the act of taking the marketing information and creating the
design of the product to be manufactured. Systems design is therefore the
process of defining and developing systems to satisfy specified requirements
of the user.

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The Figure 1.1 shows general block diagram describing the activities
performed in the system.

Fig 1.1Architecture

The three main components of this diagram are:

 Admin
 Registered User
 Guest User/New User

1.2.1 Features of three components:

 Admin
Admin is the person who controls, monitors and keeps the whole records of
Books. The main functions of the Admin are:
 Add/update/Delete Categories
 Add/update/Delete Sub Categories
 Add/update/Delete Books Records
 Check the existing users
 Manage user queries

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Registered User

User is the person, who wants to Purchase any Books. The main functions of
the users are:
 User Login
 Check the details about us
 Contact to Admin
 Search Book
 Add book to Cart
 View cart
 Delete Items
 Edit quantity of book
 Provide Shipping details
 Confirm Order
 Payment at delivery
 Logout

 Guest User/New User

Guest user is one who has not yet registered. The main features of guest
user are:

 Guest user can view the website and Search books.

 Guest users can enquirer through contact us page.
 Guest user can register.

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CHAPTER 2
BUSINESS REQUIREMENTS

2.1 Introduction to the Domain of Business

E-business provides a great opportunity where one can invest in
selling books through internet. The large number of books is published with
a variety of types. This variety will allow a book store to reach large number
of possible customers.

One has to survey the market and get option of different people; they
want the books at their door for many reasons. The book store must try to
target different universities, schools and colleges. Different strategies and
procedures are to be taken in to consideration to improve the business.

A book store must continue to offer quality products and services

using best technology available and at reasonable price. This results in
highly loyal customers, while maintaining interest and company profits in
mind. This may make bookshop a leading brand.

The system can browse the detailed information of all kinds of books.
It can help customer to login the system and search the books he most
wanted immediately. Then customer can manage the shopping cart of their
own. On the side of administrator, he can add book, manage the orders of
book and soon.
The system is needed to have maintenance, simple interface and ease of
use.

Requirements of online book business include:

 The bookstore shall accept orders over the Internet.

 The bookstore shall maintain a list of accounts for many customers.

 The bookstore shall provide password protection for all accounts.

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 The bookstore shall provide the ability to search the master book
catalogue.

 The bookstore shall provide a number of search methods on that

catalogue, including search by author, search by title, search by ISBN
number, and search by keyword.

 The bookstore shall provide electronic links between the Web and
database and the shipping fulfilment system.

 The bookstore shall provide electronic links between the Web and
database and the inventory management system.

 The bookstore shall maintain ratings on books, based on customer

inputs.

The scope of this system is to provide user comfortable environment of

Purchasing and selling products and services over the internet without
the need of going physically to the market is what online shopping all
about. Online shopping is just like a retail store shopping that we do by
going to the market, but it is done through the internet. Online
shopping has made shopping painless and added more fun.

Online stores offer product description, pictures, price and much

more. Few examples of these are Amazon.com, ebay.com, framt.com and
the benefits of online shopping is that by having direct access to
consumer, the online stores can offer products that cater to the needs of
consumer, cookies can be used for tracking the customer selection over
the internet or what is of their interest when they visit the site again.
Online shopping makes use of digital technology for managing the flow
of information, products, and payment between consumer, site owners
and suppliers. Online shopping can be either B2B (business to
business) or B2C (business to consumer)
Limited access is available to the operator. As this is generic
software it can be used by a wide variety of outlets (Retailers and
Wholesalers) to automate the process of manually maintaining the
records related to the subject of maintaining the stock and cash flow.

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2.2 System Flow Chart:

Flow diagram is a collective term for a diagram representing a flow
or set of dynamic relationships in a system. The term flow diagram is
also used as synonym of the flowchart, and sometimes as counterpart of
the flowchart.
System Flow Diagram is basically a graphical and sequential
representation of the major steps involved in a systematic process.
A SFD(System Flow Diagram) shows what kind of information will be
input to and output from the system, where the data will come from and
go to, and where the data will be stored.It gives a clear idea about the
whole process, say it an application or a normal data

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CHAPTER 3
DATA BASE DESIGN MODEL

3.1 Introduction
A database model is a type of data model that determines the logical
structure of a database and fundamentally determines in which
manner data can be stored, organized and manipulated. The most popular
example of a database model is the relational model, which uses a table-
based format.

Database design is the process of producing a detailed data

model of database. This data model contains all the needed logical and
physical design choices and physical storage parameters needed to generate
a design in a data definition language, which can then be used to create a
database. A fully attributed data model contains detailed attributes for each
entity.

The term database design can be used to describe many different

parts of the design of an overall database system. Principally, and most
correctly, it can be thought of as the logical design of the base data
structures used to store the data. In the relational model these are
the tables and views. In an object database the entities and relationships
map directly to object classes and named relationships. However, the term
database design could also be used to apply to the overall process of
designing, not just the base data structures, but also the forms and queries
used as part of the overall database application within the database
management system (DBMS).

3.2 ER diagram
The Entity-Relationship Data Model (ERD) perceives the real world
as consisting of basic objects, called entity & relationship among these
objects.

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It was developed to facilitate database design by allowing

specification of an enterprise schema, which represents overall logical
structure of a database. The ERD model is very useful in mapping the
meaning & interactions of the outside world enterprises onto a
conceptual schema.
3.2.1 Components ERD model
 ELLIPSE which represents attributes.
 RECTANGLES which represents entity-sets.
 DIAMONDS which represents the relationship sets.
 LINES which link attributes to entity sets to relationship sets.

3.3 DFD
A data flow diagram is the graphical representation of the flow
of data through an information system. DFD is very useful in
understanding a system and can be efficiently used during analysis.
A DFD shows the flow of data through a system. It views a
system as a function that transforms the inputs into desired outputs.
Any complex systems will not perform this transformation in a single
step and a data will typically undergo a series of transformations before
it becomes the output. With a data flow diagram, users are able to
visualize how the system will operate that the system will accomplish
and how the system will be implemented, old system data flow diagrams
can be drawn up and compared with a new systems data flow diagram
to draw comparisons to implement a more efficient systems.
Data flow diagrams can be used to provide the end user with a
physical idea of where the data they input, ultimately as an effect upon
the structure of the whole system.
3.2.1 DFD Symbols:
In the DFD, there are four symbols:
 A square defines a source (originator) or destination of system
data.

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 An arrow identifies data flow. It is the pipeline through which the

information flows.
 A circle or a bubble represents a process that transforms
incoming data flow into outgoing data flows.
 An open rectangle is a data store, data at rest or a temporary
repository of data.

3.3 Use Case diagram:

As shown in Figure 3.3 and 3.4 the external objects that interact
directly with the system are called actors. Actors include humans, external
devices and other software systems.

Fig 3.3: Use case diagram of User

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Fig3.4: Use case diagram of Admin

3.4 Class Diagram
A class diagram in the Unified Modelling Language (UML) is a type of static
structure diagram that describes the structure of a system by showing the
system's classes, their attributes, operations (or methods), and the
relationships among the classes.

The class diagram is the main building block of object oriented modelling. It
is used both for general conceptual modelling of the systematic of the
application, and for detailed modelling translating the models into
programming code. Class diagrams can also be used for data modelling. The
classes in a class diagram represent both the main objects, interactions in
the application and the classes to be programmed.

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Chapter 4

DATABASE IMPLEMENTATION

4.1 Creation of Database

Having XAMPP server installed following steps are performed to crate

database

1) Open your browser and enter  http://localhost/phpmyadmin. This will

bring you to the MySQL setup page:

Fig 4.1Mysql setup page

2) Enter a name for the database, then click on the Create button. The

name must be 64 characters or less and composed of letters, numbers and
underscores. Avoid using numbers at the start of the name. A good name
should indicate the purpose of the database. For
example: joomla_database or database_for_drupal. There should be no
need to change the other settings.

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Fig 4.2 Database Creation

3) Ensure the database was successfully created:

Fig 4.3 Successful creation of Database

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4.2 Data Table Creation

There are six tables in the database

1. Book
2. Category
3. Contact
4. Shipping_details
5. Subcat
6. User

4.2.1 Creation of table ”book”

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `book` (

`b_id` int(4) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,

`b_nm` varchar(60) NOT NULL,

`b_subcat` varchar(25) NOT NULL,

`b_desc` longtext NOT NULL,

`b_publisher` varchar(40) NOT NULL,

`b_edition` varchar(20) NOT NULL,

`b_isbn` varchar(10) NOT NULL,

`b_page` int(5) NOT NULL,

`b_price` int(5) NOT NULL,

`b_img` longtext NOT NULL,

`b_pdf` longtext NOT NULL,

PRIMARY KEY (`b_id`)

) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=51 ;

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4.2.2 Creation of table “category”

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `category` (

`cat_id` int(4) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,

`cat_nm` varchar(30) NOT NULL,

PRIMARY KEY (`cat_id`)

) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=22 ;

4.2.3 Creation of table “contact”

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `contact` (

`con_id` int(4) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,

`con_nm` varchar(25) NOT NULL,

`con_email` varchar(35) NOT NULL,

`con_query` longtext NOT NULL,

PRIMARY KEY (`con_id`)

) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=5 ;

4.2.4 Creation of table “shipping_details”

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `shipping_details` (

`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,

`name` char(50) NOT NULL,

`address` text NOT NULL,

`postal_code` bigint(20) NOT NULL,

`city` varchar(50) NOT NULL,

`state` varchar(50) NOT NULL,

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`phone` bigint(20) NOT NULL,

`f_id` varchar(50) NOT NULL,

PRIMARY KEY (`id`)

) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=3 ;

4.2.5 Creation of table “subcat”

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `subcat` (

`subcat_id` int(4) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,

`parent_id` int(4) NOT NULL,

`subcat_nm` varchar(35) NOT NULL,

PRIMARY KEY (`subcat_id`)

) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=36 ;

4.2.6 Creation of table “user”

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `user` (

`u_id` int(4) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,

`u_fnm` varchar(35) NOT NULL,

`u_unm` varchar(25) NOT NULL,

`u_pwd` varchar(20) NOT NULL,

`u_gender` varchar(7) NOT NULL,

`u_email` varchar(35) NOT NULL,

`u_contact` varchar(12) NOT NULL,

`u_city` varchar(20) NOT NULL,

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PRIMARY KEY (`u_id`)

) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=7 ;

4.3 Populating data table

4.4 Query design and important queries

A query is a question, often expressed in a formal way. A database query

can be either a select query or an action query. A select query is
a data retrieval query, while an action query asks for additional operations
on the data, such as insertion, updating or deletion.

Some important queries are:

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CHAPTER 5

REQUIREMENT AND ANALYSIS

Analysis is the process of breaking a complex topic or substance into

smaller parts to gain a better understanding of it. Analysts in the field of
engineering look at requirements, structures, mechanisms, and systems
dimensions. Analysis is an exploratory activity.

5.1 Introduction

The Analysis Phase is where the project lifecycle begins. The Analysis Phase
is where you break down the deliverables in the high-level Project Charter
into the more detailed business requirements. The Analysis Phase is also the
part of the project where you identify the overall direction that the project
will take through the creation of the project strategy documents.

Gathering requirements is the main attraction of the Analysis Phase. The

process of gathering requirements is usually more than simply asking the
users what they need and writing their answers down. Depending on the
complexity of the application, the process for gathering requirements has a
clearly defined process of its own. This process consists of a group of
repeatable processes that utilize certain techniques to capture, document,
communicate, and manage requirements.

5.2 Software Requirement Specification

5.2.1 Introduction

A software requirements specification (SRS) – a requirements specification

for a software system – is a complete description of the behaviour of a
system to be developed. In addition to a description of the software
functions, the SRS also contains non-functional requirements. Software

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requirements are a sub-field of software engineering that deals with the

elicitation, analysis, specification, and validation of requirements for
software.

5.2.1.2 Purpose
The main goal of this project was to create shopping cart, which allows
customers to shop and purchase the book online. Moreover, the project
is also designed in such a way it lets managers manage the products
information. Customers can orders products, and they will be contacted
to further process the orders.
In today’s busy world, people don’t have time for their personal
needs. And the technology fast that anyone can do by sitting in a room.
If someone buy a new things, he can buy online with the help of
Internet.
5.2.1.3 Various Divisions in Project

 Admin side
It consists of the features such as Creating Username & Password,
Input Items, Modify Items, Delete items under different categories and
subcategories, and Logout.
 Customer side consists of the features such as Select Products,
Search Products, Buy Items, Continue Shopping, View Cart,
Checkout, Sign-in, Confirm, Send Order. There are also the future
works for this application. There are mainly two such objectives
which are as follows:
 To shop in the comfort of your home, without having to step
out of the door.
 To be able to easily save money and compare prices from
website to website.

5.3 Requirements
5.3.1 SoftwareRequirements
 Software – XAMPP Server

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 Programming Language - PHP

 Front End - HTML CMS, Java Script

 Database - MySQL

 Webserver - Apache Tomcat

 UI design tool - Sublime text

5.3.2 HardwareRequirements
 Operating System - Windows 7

 Processor - x64 architecture

 Memory – 512 MB RAM

 Hard disk -10 GB of available hard disk space

5.4 Technical aspects

 XAMPP:
XAMPP is a free and open source cross-platform web
server solution stack package developed by Apache Friends, consisting
mainly of the Apache HTTP Server, MariaDB database,
and interpreters for scripts written in the PHP and Perl programming
languages. XAMPP stands for Cross-Platform (X), Apache (A), MariaDB
(M), PHP (P) and Perl (P). It is a simple, lightweight Apache distribution
that makes it extremely easy for developers to create a local web server
for testing and deployment purposes. Everything needed to set up a web
server – server application (Apache), database (MariaDB), and scripting
language (PHP) – is included in an extractable file. XAMPP is also cross-
platform, which means it works equally well on Linux, Mac and Windows.
Since most actual web server deployments use the same components as
XAMPP, it makes transitioning from a local test server to a live server
extremely easy as well.
 Apache server:

The Apache HTTP Server is free and open-source cross-

platformweb server software, released under the terms of Apache

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License 2.0. Apache is developed and maintained by an open community

of developers under the auspices of the Apache Software Foundation.

The Apache HTTP Server is cross-platform; as of 1 June 2017 92% of

Apache HTTPS Server copies run on Linux distributions. Version 2.0
improved support for non-Unix operating systems such as Windows and
OS/2. Old versions of Apache were ported to run on OpenVMSand NetWare.

 Database Server:
MySQL officially, but also called "My Sequel" is (as of 2008) the
world's most widely used open source relational database management
system (RDBMS) that runs as a server providing multi-user access to a
number of databases. It is named after co-founder Michael Widenius'
daughter, My. The SQL phrase stands for Structured Query Language.
The MySQL development project has made its source code available
under the terms of the GNU General Public License, as well as under a
variety of proprietary agreements.

MySQL was owned and sponsored by a single for-profit firm, the

Swedish company MySQL AB, now owned by Oracle Corporation. MySQL is
a popular choice of database for use in web applications, and is a central
component of the widely used LAMP open source web application software
stack (and other 'AMP' stacks). LAMP is an acronym for "Linux, Apache,
MySQL, Perl/PHP/Python." Free-software-open source projects that require
a full-featured database management system often use MySQL. For
commercial use, several paid editions are available, and offer additional
functionality. Applications which use MySQL databases include: TYPO3,
Joomla, WordPress, phpBB, MyBB, Drupal and other software. MySQL is
also used in many high-profile, large-scale World Wide Web products,
including Wikipedia, Google (though not for searches), Facebook, Twitter,
Flickr, Nokia.com, and YouTube.

 Notepad++

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Notepad++ is a text editor and source code editor for use with
Microsoft Windows. Unlike Notepad, the built-in Windows text editor, it
supports tabbed editing, which allows working with multiple open files in a
single window. The project's name comes from the Cincrement operator.

Notepad++ supports syntax highlighting and code folding for over 50

programming, scripting, and markuplanguages.It attempts to automatically
detect the language that a given file uses, using a modifiable list of file
extension bindings. Users may also manually set the current language,
overriding the extension's default language. The program also supports
autocompletion for a subset of the API of some programming languages

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CHAPTER 6
USER INTERFACE AND FUNCTIONALITY DESIGN
User interface design (UI) or user interface engineering is
the design of user interfaces for machines and software, such
as computers, home appliances, mobile devices, and other electronic
devices, with the focus on maximizing usability and the user experience.
The goal of user interface design is to make the user's interaction as simple
and efficient as possible, in terms of accomplishing user goals.

Good user interface design facilitates finishing the task at hand

without drawing unnecessary attention to itself. Graphic
design and typography are utilized to support its usability, influencing how
the user performs certain interactions and improving the aesthetic appeal of
the design; design aesthetics may enhance or detract from the ability of
users to use the functions of the interface.The design process must balance
technical functionality and visual elements to create a system that is not
only operational but also usable and adaptable to changing user needs.

6.1 Front End Screen Design

Front-end web development is the practice of
producing HTML, CSS and JavaScript for a website or Web Application so
that a user can see and interact with them directly. The challenge associated
with front-end development is that the tools and techniques used to create
the front end of a website change constantly and so the developer needs to
constantly be aware of how the field is developing.

The objective of designing a site is to ensure that when the users open
up the site they see the information in a format that is easy to read and
relevant. This is further complicated by the fact that users now use a large
variety of devices with varying screen sizes and resolutions thus forcing the

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designer to take into consideration these aspects when designing the site.
They need to ensure that their site comes up correctly in different browsers
(cross-browser), different operating systems (cross-platform) and different
devices (cross-device), which requires careful planning on the side of the
developer.

6.1.1 Different languages used at frontend

 HTML:

HyperTextMarkup Language, commonly referred to as HTML, is the

standard markup language used to create web pages. Web browsers can
read HTML files and render them into visible or audible web pages. HTML
describes the structure of a websitesemantically along with cues for
presentation, making it a markup language, rather than a programming
language.

HTML elements form the building blocks of all websites. HTML allows
images and objects to be embedded and can be used to create interactive
forms. It provides a means to create structured documents by denoting
structural semantics for text such as headings, paragraphs, lists, links,
quotes and other items.

The language is written in the form of HTML elements consisting of

tags enclosed in angle brackets (like <html>). Browsers do not display the
HTML tags and scripts, but use them to interpret the content of the page.

HTML can embed scripts written in languages such as JavaScript

which affect the behavior of HTML web pages. Web browsers can also refer
to Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) to define the look and layout of text and
other material. The World Wide Web Consortium(W3C), maintainer of both
the HTML and the CSS standards, has encouraged the use of CSS over
explicit presentational HTML.

 JAVA Script

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JavaScript is a high level, dynamic, untyped, and interpreted

programming language.[6] It has been standardized in the ECMAScript
language specification.[7] Alongside HTML and CSS, it is one of the three
essential technologies of World Wide Web content production; the majority
of websites employ it and it is supported by all modern web browsers
without plug-ins.[6] JavaScript is prototype-based with first-class functions,
making it a multi-paradigm language, supporting object-oriented,
[8]
imperative, and functional programming styles.[6] It has an API for working
with text, arrays, dates and regular expressions, but does not include any
I/O, such as networking, storage or graphics facilities, relying for these
upon the host environment in which it is embedded.

Despite some naming, syntactic, and standard library similarities,

JavaScript and Java are otherwise unrelated and have very different
semantics. The syntax of JavaScript is actually derived from C, while the
semantics and design are influenced by the Self and Scheme programming
languages.

JavaScript is also used in environments that are not web-based, such as

PDF documents, site-specific browsers, and desktop widgets. Newer and
faster JavaScript virtual machines (VMs) and platforms built upon them
have also increased the popularity of JavaScript for server-side web
applications. On the client side, JavaScript has been traditionally
implemented as an interpreted language, but more recent browsers perform
just-in-time compilation. It is also used in game development, the creation of
desktop and mobile applications, and server-side network programming with
runtime environments such as Node.js.

 PHP

PHP is a server-side scripting language designed for web development but

also used as a general-purpose programming language.It now stands for
PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor, which is a recursivebackronym.

PHP code can be simply mixed with HTML code, or it can be used in
combination with various templating engines and web frameworks. PHP

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code is usually processed by a PHP interpreter, which is usually

implemented as a web server's native module or a Common Gateway
Interface (CGI) executable. After the PHP code is interpreted and executed,
the web server sends the resulting output to its client, usually in the form of
a part of the generated web page; for example, PHP code can generate a web
page's HTML code, an image, or some other data. PHP has also evolved to
include a command-line interface (CLI) capability and can be used in
standalonegraphical applications.

 CSS

Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a style sheet language used for

describing the presentation of a document written in a markup language.
Although most often used to set the visual style of web pages and user
interfaces written in HTML and XHTML, the language can be applied to any
XML document, including plain XML, SVG and XUL, and is applicable to
rendering in speech, or on other media. Along with HTML and JavaScript,
CSS is a cornerstone technology used by most websites to create visually
engaging webpages, user interfaces for web applications, and user interfaces
for many mobile applications.

CSS is designed primarily to enable the separation of document content

from document presentation, including aspects such as the layout, colors,
and fonts. This separation can improve content accessibility, provide more
flexibility and control in the specification of presentation characteristics,
enable multiple HTML pages to share formatting by specifying the relevant
CSS in a separate .css file, and reduce complexity and repetition in the
structural content, such as semantically insignificant tables that were
widely used to format pages before consistent CSS rendering was available
in all major browsers. CSS makes it possible to separate presentation
instructions from the HTML content in a separate file or style section of the
HTML file. For each matching HTML element, it provides a list of formatting
instructions.

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6.2 Screen Objects Validation design

It is important to validate the form submitted by the user because it
can have inappropriate values. So validation is must.

Project must validate the form on the client side so processing will be
fast than server-side validation. So, most of the web developers prefer
JavaScript form validation. That is it must validate name, password, email,
date, mobile number etc fields.

6.3 Screen event objects and functionalities

During normal program execution, a large number of events occur, so
the event object is a fairly active object, constantly changing its properties.
Whenever an event fires, the computer places appropriate data about
the event into the event object - for example, where the mouse pointer was
on the screen at the time of the event, which mouse buttons were being
pressed at the time of the event, and other useful information.
The properties of the event object are listed in the following table.

Event Object
Description
Property
SrcElement The element that fired the event
Type Type of event
returnValue Determines whether the event is cancelled
cancelBubble Can cancel an event bubble
clientX Mouse pointer X coordinate relative to window
clientY Mouse pointer Y coordinate relative to window
Mouse pointer X coordinate relative to element that
offsetX
fired the event
Mouse pointer Y coordinate relative to element that
offsetY
fired the event
button Any mouse buttons that are pressed
altKey True if the alt key was also pressed
ctrlKey True if the ctrl key was also pressed
shiftKey True if the shift key was also pressed
keyCode Returns UniCode value of key pressed
Table 6.1 Element object’s Property Description

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6.4 Style Sheet Incorporation

Style sheets represent a major breakthrough for Web page designers,
expanding their ability to improve the appearance of their pages. In the
scientific environments in which the Web was conceived, people are more
concerned with the content of their documents than the presentation. As
people from wider walks of life discovered the Web, the limitations of HTML
became a source of continuing frustration and authors were forced to
sidestep HTML's stylistic limitations. While the intentions have been good --
to improve the presentation of Web pages -- the techniques for doing so have
had unfortunate side effects. These techniques work for some of the people,
some of the time, but not for all of the people, all of the time. They include:

 Using proprietary HTML extensions

 Converting text into images

 Using images for white space control

 Use of tables for page layout

 Writing a program instead of using HTML

These techniques considerably increase the complexity of Web pages,

offer limited flexibility, suffer from interoperability problems, and create
hardships for people with disabilities.

Style sheets solve these problems at the same time they supersede the
limited range of presentation mechanisms in HTML. Style sheets make it
easy to specify the amount of white space between text lines, the amount
lines are indented, the colors used for the text and the backgrounds, the
font size and style, and a host of other details.

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CHAPTER 7

IMPLEMENTATION
Implementation is the realization of an application, or execution of a plan,
idea, model, design, specification, standard, algorithm, or policy. In other
words, an implementation is a realization of a technical specification or
algorithm as a program, software component, or other computer system
through programming and deployment. Many implementations may exist for
a given specification or standard.

7.1 Introduction

Implementation is one of the most important phases of the Software

Development Life Cycle (SDLC). It encompasses all the processes involved in
getting new software or hardware operating properly in its environment,
including installation, configuration and running, testing, and making
necessary changes. Specifically, it involves coding the system using a
particular programming language and transferring the design into an actual
working system. This phase of the system is conducted with the idea that
whatever is designed should be implemented; keeping in mind that it fulfils
user requirements, objective and scope of the system. The implementation
phase produces the solution to the user problem.

7.2 Query Implementation

7.2.1 Connecting PHP to Mysql
To connect to MySQL using the MySQL Improved extension, follow these
steps:

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1. Use the following PHP code to connect to MySQL and select a

database. Replace username with your username, password with your
password, and dbname with the database name:

<?php
$mysqli = new mysqli("localhost", "username", "password", "dbname");
?>

2. After the code connects to MySQL and selects the database, you can
run SQL queries and perform other operations. For example, the following
PHP code runs a SQL query that extracts the names from the user  table,
and stores the result in the $result variable:

<?php
$result = $mysqli->query("SELECT name FROM user");?>

7.3 Programing language Selection

A programming language is used to control the actions of a machine.
Such a language is a properly drafted or constructed language when it is
designed in such a way that through it instructions can be communicated to
a computer system. Ever since the invention of computers, thousands of
programming languages have been created, and more are being created
every year.
The universe of programming languages is wide and knowing all or
learning each one of them is neither practical nor possible. If you are a
developer who is interested in learning the most useful and popular ones,
then you must first know which ones of the thousands of languages to
learn. 
 HTML:

HyperTextMarkup Language, commonly referred to as HTML, is the

standard markup language used to create web pages. Web browsers can
read HTML files and render them into visible or audible web pages. HTML
describes the structure of a websitesemantically along with cues for
presentation, making it a markup language, rather than a programming
language.

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HTML elements form the building blocks of all websites. HTML allows
images and objects to be embedded and can be used to create interactive
forms. It provides a means to create structured documents by denoting
structural semantics for text such as headings, paragraphs, lists, links,
quotes and other items.

The language is written in the form of HTML elements consisting of

tags enclosed in angle brackets (like <html>). Browsers do not display the
HTML tags and scripts, but use them to interpret the content of the page.

HTML can embed scripts written in languages such as JavaScript

which affect the behavior of HTML web pages. Web browsers can also refer
to Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) to define the look and layout of text and
other material. The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), maintainer of both
the HTML and the CSS standards, has encouraged the use of CSS over
explicit presentational HTML.

 JAVA Script

JavaScript is a high level, dynamic, untyped, and interpreted

programming language.[6] It has been standardized in the ECMAScript
language specification.[7] Alongside HTML and CSS, it is one of the three
essential technologies of World Wide Web content production; the majority
of websites employ it and it is supported by all modern web browsers
without plug-ins.[6] JavaScript is prototype-based with first-class functions,
making it a multi-paradigm language, supporting object-oriented,
[8]
imperative, and functional programming styles.[6] It has an API for working
with text, arrays, dates and regular expressions, but does not include any
I/O, such as networking, storage or graphics facilities, relying for these
upon the host environment in which it is embedded.

Despite some naming, syntactic, and standard library similarities,

JavaScript and Java are otherwise unrelated and have very different
semantics. The syntax of JavaScript is actually derived from C, while the
semantics and design are influenced by the Self and Scheme programming
languages.

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JavaScript is also used in environments that are not web-based, such as

PDF documents, site-specific browsers, and desktop widgets. Newer and
faster JavaScript virtual machines (VMs) and platforms built upon them
have also increased the popularity of JavaScript for server-side web
applications. On the client side, JavaScript has been traditionally
implemented as an interpreted language, but more recent browsers perform
just-in-time compilation. It is also used in game development, the creation of
desktop and mobile applications, and server-side network programming with
runtime environments such as Node.js.

 PHP

PHP is a server-side scripting language designed for web development but

also used as a general-purpose programming language.It now stands for
PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor, which is a recursivebackronym.

PHP code can be simply mixed with HTML code, or it can be used in
combination with various templating engines and web frameworks. PHP
code is usually processed by a PHP interpreter, which is usually
implemented as a web server's native module or a Common Gateway
Interface (CGI) executable. After the PHP code is interpreted and executed,
the web server sends the resulting output to its client, usually in the form of
a part of the generated web page; for example, PHP code can generate a web
page's HTML code, an image, or some other data. PHP has also evolved to
include a command-line interface (CLI) capability and can be used in
standalonegraphical applications.

 CSS

Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a style sheet language used for

describing the presentation of a document written in a markup language.
Although most often used to set the visual style of web pages and user
interfaces written in HTML and XHTML, the language can be applied to any
XML document, including plain XML, SVG and XUL, and is applicable to
rendering in speech, or on other media. Along with HTML and JavaScript,

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 My Book Shop

CSS is a cornerstone technology used by most websites to create visually

engaging webpages, user interfaces for web applications, and user interfaces
for many mobile applications.

CSS is designed primarily to enable the separation of document content

from document presentation, including aspects such as the layout, colors,
and fonts. This separation can improve content accessibility, provide more
flexibility and control in the specification of presentation characteristics,
enable multiple HTML pages to share formatting by specifying the relevant
CSS in a separate .css file, and reduce complexity and repetition in the
structural content, such as semantically insignificant tables that were
widely used to format pages before consistent CSS rendering was available
in all major browsers. CSS makes it possible to separate presentation
instructions from the HTML content in a separate file or style section of the
HTML file. For each matching HTML element, it provides a list of formatting
instructions.

7.4 UI and Functionality Implementation

Some of the tasks associated with implementing a user interface for a
Windows application are:
 Prototype
 Construct

 Simplify

o Reduce, Reuse, Declutter

o The Best UI Is No UI

o Less UI Is Better UI

7.4.1 Prototype
User interfaces (UI) should be designed from the list of user scenarios and
requirements that were identified in the user analysis step.

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Prototypes can be as simple as pencil sketches or as complex as interactive

screen mockups.
Prototypes do not have to be exhaustive; they just have to effectively
simulate the experience of using the real application.
Demonstrate the prototypes and track user feedback to help identify the
general usability trends. If it is possible, discard the least successful
prototypes and incorporate as much useful feedback as possible into one or
more of the remaining prototypes. Repeat this process as time and resources
allow.
There are various prototyping tools available including SketchFlow in
Microsoft Expression Studio 3, the layout editor in Microsoft Visual Studio,
and even Microsoft Paint.

7.4.2 Construct

When one implement the user interface for an application, consider the
following:
 Command structure

Determine whether to implement a traditional command structure based on

menus and toolbars, or an alternative command structure based on the
Windows Ribbon Framework. For more information, see Menus, Toolbars,
and Windows Ribbon Framework.
 Windows and dialog boxes

Based on the UI design and prototyping work, implement the application

windows, including the main window, child windows, dialog boxes, and
message boxes. Follow the UX Guidelines to determine which styles and
controls to use in the windows and dialog boxes. For more information,
see Windows, Dialog Boxes, and Windows Controls.
 Custom controls

Create new custom controls only if you cannot get the functionality that you
want from one of the standard Windows controls. New custom controls are
very costly to develop and require additional work to make them accessible.

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If your application requires custom controls, make sure that they are
adequately exposed to assistive technologies. For more information,
see Custom Controls and Windows Automation API.

 Support for standard user input devices

Most Windows applications need to support user input through the

keyboard and mouse. The ability to navigate and access all application
functionality through the keyboard alone is especially important for users
who are vision-impaired or have mobility issues. For more information,
see User Input and the Engineering Software for Accessibility eBook.
 Visual styles, animations, and visual effects

Windows includes several technologies that you can use to add visual
interest and set the UI apart from that of other applications. These include
specifying the visual styles of controls, adding animations to UI elements,
and implementing various visual effects in the UI. For more information,
see Visual Styles, Windows Animation Manager, and Desktop Window
Manager.
7.4.3 Simplify
A successful user experience depends on the approach, perspective, and
assumptions of the developer during the design process. Achieving a basic
understanding of how an application may be used by the target audience
requires the ability to think broadly, beyond the constraints of what suits
the needs of the developer. Investing this time, effort, and research at the
beginning of a project will pay dividends at the end.

Reduce, Reuse, Declutter

Features only improve a product if they are actually used. In many cases,
the proliferation of features may introduce complexity with the addition of
more icons, menu items, toolbars, and dialog boxes interfering with
efficiency and productivity rather than adding value.

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The Best UI Is No UI
UI implies that the user has to interact with the application to make
something happen. In the ideal case, no interaction is necessary. From the
user's perspective, it just works. If a feature can be added that safely
removes a user interaction, it makes the user experience significantly better.

CHAPTER 8
TESTING
The purpose of testing is to discover errors. Testing is the process
of trying to discover every conceivable fault or weakness in a work
product. It provides a way to check the functionality of components,
sub-assemblies, assemblies and/or a finished product.

8.1 Introduction
Testing is the process of exercising software with the intent
of ensuring that the software system meets its requirements
and user expectations and does not fail in an unacceptable
manner. The system has been verified and validated by running
the test data and live data.
Pass
No Data input Excepted Output Actual Output /
Fail
Error message: Error message:
All files are
1 *indicates *indicates Pass
empty
compulsory field* compulsory field*
Error message: Error message:
2 Email Invalid Email- Invalid Email- Pass
address address
Password Error message: Error message:
3 and confirm Both Password Both Password Pass
Password does not match does not match
4 Login Login to the Login should be Fail
system should be successful and the
try with the login user should enter
assigned by the into the system
admin and the
correct password

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The System give

Login should fail
an error and
with an error Pass
deniedfrom the
‘Invalid Details’
Login.
Login should be
Login successfully
allow and admin
5 User and admin get its Pass
get Admin home
admin home page
page
CHAPTER 9
RESULTS AND SNAPSHOTS
In this chapter we will present some of the Screenshots of this project. The
only front end interface that will be provided to the end users will be that of
SBA’s, whereas the Service end point (SEP) and the framework will be
executing in the backend.

9.1 Screenshots at User panel

1. The home page is as shown in Figure 6.1 has various menus by which the
user can register and login and can also view book listing.

2. On clicking the Register option the user registration form appears where
the user needs to enter the required details as shown in Figure 6.2.

3. Once the registration process is done, the user needs to login by entering
the registered email and password as shown in Figure 6.3.

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CHAPTER 10
CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE

10.1 Conclusion
We conclude that My Book Shop is an online web application where
the customer can purchase books online. Through a web browser the
customers can search for a book by its title or author, later can add to the
shopping cart and finally purchase the books.

This system saves money, time requirement in traditional Book Shop

system. Also it is eco-friendly and avoids wastage of paper.

10.2 Future Scope

The scope of the project includes that what all future enhancements
can be done in this system to make it more feasible
 Databases for different products range and storage can be provided.
 Multilingual support can be provided so that it can be
understandable by the person of any language.

 More graphics can be added to make it more user-friendly and

understandable.
 Manage & backup versions of documents online.

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REFERENCES

[1] www.code-project.com
[2] www.w3schools.com
[3] www.php.net

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