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Preparation of Papers for IEEE TRANSACTIONS

and JOURNALS (February 2017)
First A. Author, Fellow, IEEE, Second B. Author, and Third C. Author, Jr., Member, IEEE

IEEE’s LaTeX style and sample files from the same Web
Abstract—These instructions give you guidelines for preparing page. You can also explore using the Overleaf editor at
papers for IEEE Transactions and Journals. Use this document https://www.overleaf.com/blog/278-how-to-use-overleaf-with-
as a template if you are using Microsoft Word 6.0 or later. ieee-collabratec-your-quick-guide-to-getting-
Otherwise, use this document as an instruction set. The electronic
started#.Vp6tpPkrKM9
file of your paper will be formatted further at IEEE. Paper titles
should be written in uppercase and lowercase letters, not all If your paper is intended for a conference, please contact
uppercase. Avoid writing long formulas with subscripts in the your conference editor concerning acceptable word processor
title; short formulas that identify the elements are fine (e.g., "Nd– formats for your particular conference.
Fe–B"). Do not write “(Invited)” in the title. Full names of
authors are preferred in the author field, but are not required. II.GUIDELINES FOR MANUSCRIPT PREPARATION
Put a space between authors’ initials. The abstract must be a
concise yet comprehensive reflection of what is in your When you open trans_jour.docx, select “Page Layout” from
article. In particular, the abstract must be self-contained, the “View” menu in the menu bar (View | Page Layout), (these
without abbreviations, footnotes, or references. It should instructions assume MS 6.0. Some versions may have
be a microcosm of the full article. The abstract must be alternate ways to access the same functionalities noted here).
between 150–250 words. Be sure that you adhere to these Then, type over sections of trans_jour.docx or cut and paste
limits; otherwise, you will need to edit your abstract from another document and use markup styles. The pull-down
accordingly. The abstract must be written as one style menu is at the left of the Formatting Toolbar at the top of
paragraph, and should not contain displayed mathematical your Word window (for example, the style at this point in the
equations or tabular material. The abstract should include document is “Text”). Highlight a section that you want to
three or four different keywords or phrases, as this will designate with a certain style, and then select the appropriate
help readers to find it. It is important to avoid over- name on the style menu. The style will adjust your fonts and
repetition of such phrases as this can result in a page being line spacing. Do not change the font sizes or line spacing to
rejected by search engines. Ensure that your abstract squeeze more text into a limited number of pages. Use italics
reads well and is grammatically correct. for emphasis; do not underline.
To insert images in Word, position the cursor at the
Index Terms—Enter key words or phrases in alphabetical
insertion point and either use Insert | Picture | From File or
order, separated by commas. For a list of suggested keywords,
send a blank e-mail to [email protected] or visit copy the image to the Windows clipboard and then Edit | Paste
http://www.ieee.org/organizations/pubs/ani_prod/keywrd98.txt Special | Picture (with “float over text” unchecked).
IEEE will do the final formatting of your paper. If your
paper is intended for a conference, please observe the
I. INTRODUCTION conference page limits.

T HIS document is a template for Microsoft Word versions

6.0 or later. If you are reading a paper or PDF version of
this document, please download the electronic file,
A.Abbreviations and Acronyms
Define abbreviations and acronyms the first time they are
used in the text, even after they have already been defined in
trans_jour.docx, from the IEEE Web site at the abstract. Abbreviations such as IEEE, SI, ac, and dc do not
www.ieee.org/authortools so you can use it to prepare your
have to be defined. Abbreviations that incorporate periods
manuscript. If you would prefer to use LaTeX, download should not have spaces: write “C.N.R.S.,” not “C. N. R. S.”

This paragraph of the first footnote will contain the date on which you Do not use abbreviations in the title unless they are
submitted your paper for review. It will also contain support information, unavoidable (for example, “IEEE” in the title of this article).
including sponsor and financial support acknowledgment. For example, “This
work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Commerce under Grant
BS123456.” B.Other Recommendations
The next few paragraphs should contain the authors’ current affiliations,
including current address and e-mail. For example, F. A. Author is with the Use one space after periods and colons. Hyphenate complex
National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO 80305 USA (e- modifiers: “zero-field-cooled magnetization.” Avoid dangling
mail: author@ boulder.nist.gov).
S. B. Author, Jr., was with Rice University, Houston, TX 77005 USA. He participles, such as, “Using (1), the potential was calculated.”
is now with the Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort [It is not clear who or what used (1).] Write instead, “The
Collins, CO 80523 USA (e-mail: [email protected]). potential was calculated by using (1),” or “Using (1), we
T. C. Author is with the Electrical Engineering Department, University of
Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, on leave from the National Research
calculated the potential.”
Institute for Metals, Tsukuba, Japan (e-mail: [email protected]). Use a zero before decimal points: “0.25,” not “.25.” Use
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“cm3,” not “cc.” Indicate sample dimensions as “0.1 cm  0.2 as current in amperes and magnetic field in oersteds. This
cm,” not “0.1  0.2 cm2.” The abbreviation for “seconds” is often leads to confusion because equations do not balance
“s,” not “sec.” Use “Wb/m2” or “webers per square meter,” dimensionally. If you must use mixed units, clearly state the
not “webers/m2.” When expressing a range of values, write “7 units for each quantity in an equation.
to 9” or “7-9,” not “7~9.” The SI unit for magnetic field strength H is A/m. However,
A parenthetical statement at the end of a sentence is if you wish to use units of T, either refer to magnetic flux
punctuated outside of the closing parenthesis (like this). (A density B or magnetic field strength symbolized as µ 0H. Use
parenthetical sentence is punctuated within the parentheses.) the center dot to separate compound units, e.g., “A·m2.”
In American English, periods and commas are within
quotation marks, like “this period.” Other punctuation is V. SOME COMMON MISTAKES
“outside”! Avoid contractions; for example, write “do not” The word “data” is plural, not singular. The subscript for
instead of “don’t.” The serial comma is preferred: “A, B, and the permeability of vacuum µ0 is zero, not a lowercase letter
C” instead of “A, B and C.” “o.” The term for residual magnetization is “remanence”; the
If you wish, you may write in the first person singular or adjective is “remanent”; do not write “remnance” or
plural and use the active voice (“I observed that ...” or “We “remnant.” Use the word “micrometer” instead of “micron.” A
observed that ...” instead of “It was observed that ...”). graph within a graph is an “inset,” not an “insert.” The word
Remember to check spelling. If your native language is not “alternatively” is preferred to the word “alternately” (unless
English, please get a native English-speaking colleague to you really mean something that alternates). Use the word
carefully proofread your paper. “whereas” instead of “while” (unless you are referring to
simultaneous events). Do not use the word “essentially” to
III. MATH mean “approximately” or “effectively.” Do not use the word
If you are using Word, use either the Microsoft Equation “issue” as a euphemism for “problem.” When compositions
Editor or the MathType add-on (http://www.mathtype.com) are not specified, separate chemical symbols by en-dashes; for
for equations in your paper (Insert | Object | Create New | example, “NiMn” indicates the intermetallic compound
Microsoft Equation or MathType Equation). “Float over text” Ni0.5Mn0.5 whereas “Ni–Mn” indicates an alloy of some
should not be selected. composition NixMn1-x.
Be aware of the different meanings of the homophones
A.Equations “affect” (usually a verb) and “effect” (usually a noun),
Number equations consecutively with equation numbers in “complement” and “compliment,” “discreet” and “discrete,”
parentheses flush with the right margin, as in (1). First use the “principal” (e.g., “principal investigator”) and “principle”
equation editor to create the equation. Then select the (e.g., “principle of measurement”). Do not confuse “imply”
“Equation” markup style. Press the tab key and write the and “infer.”
equation number in parentheses. To make your equations more Prefixes such as “non,” “sub,” “micro,” “multi,” and “ultra”
compact, you may use the solidus ( / ), the exp function, or are not independent words; they should be joined to the words
appropriate exponents. Use parentheses to avoid ambiguities they modify, usually without a hyphen. There is no period
in denominators. Punctuate equations when they are part of a after the “et” in the Latin abbreviation “et al.” (it is also
sentence, as in italicized). The abbreviation “i.e.,” means “that is,” and the
abbreviation “e.g.,” means “for example” (these abbreviations
r2
F(r , ϕ ) dr dϕ=[ σr 2 ¿ (2 μ0 )] are not italicized).
∫0 A general IEEE styleguide is available at
∞
⋅∫ 0 exp (−λ|z j−z i| ) λ−1 J 1 ( λ r 2 ) J 0 ( λ r i ) dλ . www.ieee.org/authortools.
(1)

Be sure that the symbols in your equation have been defined

before the equation appears or immediately following.
Italicize symbols (T might refer to temperature, but T is the
unit tesla). Refer to “(1),” not “Eq. (1)” or “equation (1),”
except at the beginning of a sentence: “Equation (1) is ... .”

IV. UNITS
Use either SI (MKS) or CGS as primary units. (SI units are
strongly encouraged.) English units may be used as secondary
units (in parentheses). This applies to papers in data storage.
For example, write “15 Gb/cm2 (100 Gb/in2).” An exception is
when English units are used as identifiers in trade, such as
“3½-in disk drive.” Avoid combining SI and CGS units, such
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TABLE I
UNITS FOR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
Conversion from Gaussian and
Symbol Quantity
CGS EMU to SI a
 magnetic flux 1 Mx  108 Wb = 108 V·s
B magnetic flux density, 1 G  104 T = 104 Wb/m2
magnetic induction
H magnetic field strength 1 Oe  103/(4) A/m
m magnetic moment 1 erg/G = 1 emu
 103 A·m2 = 103 J/T
M magnetization 1 erg/(G·cm3) = 1 emu/cm3
 103 A/m
4M magnetization 1 G  103/(4) A/m
 specific magnetization 1 erg/(G·g) = 1 emu/g  1 A·m2/kg
j magnetic dipole 1 erg/G = 1 emu
moment  4  1010 Wb·m
J magnetic polarization 1 erg/(G·cm3) = 1 emu/cm3
 4  104 T
,  susceptibility 1  4
 mass susceptibility 1 cm3/g  4  103 m3/kg
Fig. 1. Magnetization as a function of applied field. Note that “Fig.” is  permeability 1  4  107 H/m
abbreviated. There is a period after the figure number, followed by two = 4  107 Wb/(A·m)
spaces. It is good practice to explain the significance of the figure in the r relative permeability   r
caption. w, W energy density 1 erg/cm3  101 J/m3
N, D demagnetizing factor 1  1/(4)
Vertical lines are optional in tables. Statements that serve as captions for
the entire table do not need footnote letters.
VI. GUIDELINES FOR GRAPHICS PREPARATION a
Gaussian units are the same as cg emu for magnetostatics; Mx =
AND SUBMISSION maxwell, G = gauss, Oe = oersted; Wb = weber, V = volt, s = second, T =
tesla, m = meter, A = ampere, J = joule, kg = kilogram, H = henry.
A.Types of Graphics
The following list outlines the different types of graphics
published in IEEE journals. They are categorized based on in one of the following programs you will be able to submit
their construction, and use of color / shades of gray: the graphics without converting to a PS, EPS, TIFF, PDF, or
PNG file: Microsoft Word, Microsoft PowerPoint, or
1) Color/Grayscale figures Microsoft Excel. Though it is not required, it is strongly
Figures that are meant to appear in color, or shades of recommended that these files be saved in PDF format rather
black/gray. Such figures may include photographs, than DOC, XLS, or PPT. Doing so will protect your figures
illustrations, multicolor graphs, and flowcharts. from common font and arrow stroke issues that occur when
2) Line Art figures working on the files across multiple platforms. When
Figures that are composed of only black lines and shapes. submitting your final paper, your graphics should all be
These figures should have no shades or half-tones of gray, submitted individually in one of these formats along with the
only black and white. manuscript.
3) Author photos
D.Sizing of Graphics
Head and shoulders shots of authors that appear at the end
of our papers. Most charts, graphs, and tables are one column wide (3.5
4) Tables inches / 88 millimeters / 21 picas) or page wide (7.16 inches /
Data charts which are typically black and white, but 181 millimeters / 43 picas). The maximum depth a graphic can
sometimes include color. be is 8.5 inches (216 millimeters / 54 picas). When choosing
the depth of a graphic, please allow space for a caption.
B. Multipart figures Figures can be sized between column and page widths if the
Figures compiled of more than one sub-figure presented author chooses, however it is recommended that figures are
side-by-side, or stacked. If a multipart figure is made up of not sized less than column width unless when necessary.
multiple figure types (one part is lineart, and another is There is currently one publication with column
grayscale or color) the figure should meet the stricter measurements that do not coincide with those listed above.
guidelines. PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE has a column measurement of
3.25 inches (82.5 millimeters / 19.5 picas).
C.File Formats For Graphics The final printed size of author photographs is exactly
Format and save your graphics using a suitable graphics 1 inch wide by 1.25 inches tall (25.4 millimeters x 31.75
processing program that will allow you to create the images as millimeters / 6 picas x 7.5 picas). Author photos printed in
PostScript (PS), Encapsulated PostScript (.EPS), Tagged editorials measure 1.59 inches wide by 2 inches tall (40
Image File Format (.TIFF), Portable Document Format millimeters x 50 millimeters / 9.5 picas x 12 picas).
(.PDF), or Portable Network Graphics (.PNG) sizes them, and
adjusts the resolution settings. If you created your source files
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E.Resolution 16000 A/m or 0.016 A/m. Figure labels should be legible,

The proper resolution of your figures will depend on the approximately 8 to 10 point type.
type of figure it is as defined in the “Types of Figures”
section. Author photographs, color, and grayscale figures 2) Subfigure Labels in Multipart Figures and Tables
should be at least 300dpi. Line art, including tables should be Multipart figures should be combined and labeled before
a minimum of 600dpi. final submission. Labels should appear centered below each
subfigure in 8 point Times New Roman font in the format of
F. Vector Art (a) (b) (c).
In order to preserve the figures’ integrity across multiple
J. File Naming
computer platforms, we accept files in the following
formats: .EPS/.PDF/.PS. All fonts must be embedded or text Figures (line artwork or photographs) should be named
converted to outlines in order to achieve the best-quality starting with the first 5 letters of the author’s last name. The
results. next characters in the filename should be the number that
represents the sequential location of this image in your article.
For example, in author “Anderson’s” paper, the first three
G. Color Space figures would be named ander1.tif, ander2.tif, and ander3.ps.
The term color space refers to the entire sum of colors that Tables should contain only the body of the table (not the
can be represented within the said medium. For our purposes, caption) and should be named similarly to figures, except that
the three main color spaces are Grayscale, RGB ‘.t’ is inserted in-between the author’s name and the table
(red/green/blue) and CMYK (cyan/magenta/yellow/black). number. For example, author Anderson’s first three tables
RGB is generally used with on-screen graphics, whereas would be named ander.t1.tif, ander.t2.ps, ander.t3.eps.
CMYK is used for printing purposes. Author photographs should be named using the first five
All color figures should be generated in RGB or CMYK characters of the pictured author’s last name. For example,
color space. Grayscale images should be submitted in four author photographs for a paper may be named: oppen.ps,
Grayscale color space. Line art may be provided in grayscale moshc.tif, chen.eps, and duran.pdf.
OR bitmap colorspace. Note that “bitmap colorspace” and If two authors or more have the same last name, their first
“bitmap file format” are not the same thing. When bitmap initial(s) can be substituted for the fifth, fourth, third... letters
color space is selected, .TIF/.TIFF/.PNG are the recommended of their surname until the degree where there is differentiation.
file formats. For example, two authors Michael and Monica Oppenheimer’s
photos would be named oppmi.tif, and oppmo.eps.
H. Accepted Fonts Within Figures
When preparing your graphics IEEE suggests that you use K. Referencing a Figure or Table Within Your Paper
of one of the following Open Type fonts: Times New Roman, When referencing your figures and tables within your paper,
Helvetica, Arial, Cambria, and Symbol. If you are supplying use the abbreviation “Fig.” even at the beginning of a
EPS, PS, or PDF files all fonts must be embedded. Some fonts sentence. Do not abbreviate “Table.” Tables should be
may only be native to your operating system; without the fonts numbered with Roman Numerals.
embedded, parts of the graphic may be distorted or missing.
L. Checking Your Figures: The IEEE Graphics Analyzer
A safe option when finalizing your figures is to strip out the
fonts before you save the files, creating “outline” type. This The IEEE Graphics Analyzer enables authors to pre-screen
converts fonts to artwork what will appear uniformly on any their graphics for compliance with IEEE Transactions and
screen. Journals standards before submission. The online tool, located
at http://graphicsqc.ieee.org/, allows authors to upload their
graphics in order to check that each file is the correct file
I. Using Labels Within Figures format, resolution, size and colorspace; that no fonts are
1) Figure Axis labels missing or corrupt; that figures are not compiled in layers or
Figure axis labels are often a source of confusion. Use words have transparency, and that they are named according to the
rather than symbols. As an example, write the quantity IEEE Transactions and Journals naming convention. At the
“Magnetization,” or “Magnetization M,” not just “M.” Put end of this automated process, authors are provided with a
units in parentheses. Do not label axes only with units. As in detailed report on each graphic within the web applet, as well
Fig. 1, for example, write “Magnetization (A/m)” or as by email.
“Magnetization (A ¿ m1),” not just “A/m.” Do not label For more information on using the Graphics Analyzer
axes with a ratio of quantities and units. For example, write or any other graphics related topic, contact the IEEE Graphics
Help Desk by e-mail at [email protected].
“Temperature (K),” not “Temperature/K.”
Multipliers can be especially confusing. Write
“Magnetization (kA/m)” or “Magnetization (103 A/m).” Do M. Submitting Your Graphics
not write “Magnetization (A/m)  1000” because the reader Because IEEE will do the final formatting of your paper,
would not know whether the top axis label in Fig. 1 meant you do not need to position figures and tables at the top and
bottom of each column. In fact, all figures, figure captions,
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and tables can be placed at the end of your paper. In addition reference numbers are on the line, enclosed in square brackets.
to, or even in lieu of submitting figures within your final In all references, the given name of the author or editor is
manuscript, figures should be submitted individually, separate abbreviated to the initial only and precedes the last name. Use
from the manuscript in one of the file formats listed above in them all; use et al. only if names are not given. Use commas
section VI-J. Place figure captions below the figures; place around Jr., Sr., and III in names. Abbreviate conference titles.
table titles above the tables. Please do not include captions as When citing IEEE transactions, provide the issue number,
part of the figures, or put them in “text boxes” linked to the page range, volume number, year, and/or month if available.
figures. Also, do not place borders around the outside of your When referencing a patent, provide the day and the month of
figures. issue, or application. References may not include all
information; please obtain and include relevant information.
N.Color Processing / Printing in IEEE Journals Do not combine references. There must be only one reference
All IEEE Transactions, Journals, and Letters allow an author with each number. If there is a URL included with the print
to publish color figures on IEEE Xplore® at no charge, and reference, it can be included at the end of the reference.
automatically convert them to grayscale for print versions. In Other than books, capitalize only the first word in a paper
most journals, figures and tables may alternatively be printed title, except for proper nouns and element symbols. For papers
in color if an author chooses to do so. Please note that this published in translation journals, please give the English
service comes at an extra expense to the author. If you intend citation first, followed by the original foreign-language
to have print color graphics, include a note with your final citation See the end of this document for formats and
paper indicating which figures or tables you would like to be examples of common references. For a complete discussion of
handled that way, and stating that you are willing to pay the references and their formats, see the IEEE style manual at
additional fee. www.ieee.org/authortools.
A.Footnotes
VII. CONCLUSION Number footnotes separately in superscripts (Insert |
Footnote).1 Place the actual footnote at the bottom of the
A conclusion section is not required. Although a conclusion
column in which it is cited; do not put footnotes in the
may review the main points of the paper, do not replicate the
reference list (endnotes). Use letters for table footnotes (see
abstract as the conclusion. A conclusion might elaborate on
Table I).
the importance of the work or suggest applications and
extensions.

APPENDIX VIII.SUBMITTING YOUR PAPER FOR REVIEW

Appendixes, if needed, appear before the acknowledgment. A.Review Stage Using Word 6.0 or Higher
If you want to submit your file with one column
ACKNOWLEDGMENT electronically, please do the following:
The preferred spelling of the word “acknowledgment” in --First, click on the View menu and choose Print Layout.
American English is without an “e” after the “g.” Use the --Second, place your cursor in the first paragraph. Go to
singular heading even if you have many acknowledgments. the Format menu, choose Columns, choose one column
Avoid expressions such as “One of us (S.B.A.) would like to Layout, and choose “apply to whole document” from the
thank ... .” Instead, write “F. A. Author thanks ... .” In most dropdown menu.
cases, sponsor and financial support acknowledgments are --Third, click and drag the right margin bar to just over 4
placed in the unnumbered footnote on the first page, not here. inches in width.
The graphics will stay in the “second” column, but you can
REFERENCES AND FOOTNOTES drag them to the first column. Make the graphic wider to push
out any text that may try to fill in next to the graphic.
A. References
References need not be cited in text. When they are, they B.Final Stage Using Word 6.0
appear on the line, in square brackets, inside the punctuation. When you submit your final version (after your paper has
Multiple references are each numbered with separate brackets. been accepted), print it in two-column format, including
When citing a section in a book, please give the relevant page figures and tables. You must also send your final manuscript
numbers. In text, refer simply to the reference number. Do not on a disk, via e-mail, or through a Web manuscript submission
use “Ref.” or “reference” except at the beginning of a system as directed by the society contact. You may use Zip for
sentence: “Reference [3] shows ... .” Please do not use large files, or compress files using Compress, Pkzip, Stuffit, or
automatic endnotes in Word, rather, type the reference list at Gzip.
the end of the paper using the “References” style. Also, send a sheet of paper or PDF with complete contact
Reference numbers are set flush left and form a column of 1
It is recommended that footnotes be avoided (except for the unnumbered
their own, hanging out beyond the body of the reference. The footnote with the receipt date on the first page). Instead, try to integrate the
footnote information into the text.
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information for all authors. Include full mailing addresses,

telephone numbers, fax numbers, and e-mail addresses. This
information will be used to send each author a complimentary
E.Copyright Form
copy of the journal in which the paper appears. In addition,
designate one author as the “corresponding author.” This is the Authors must submit an electronic IEEE Copyright Form
author to whom proofs of the paper will be sent. Proofs are (eCF) upon submitting their final manuscript files.  You can
sent to the corresponding author only. access the eCF system through your manuscript submission
system or through the Author Gateway. You are responsible
C.Review Stage Using ScholarOne® Manuscripts for obtaining any necessary approvals and/or security
Contributions to the Transactions, Journals, and Letters clearances. For additional information on intellectual property
may be submitted electronically on IEEE’s on-line manuscript rights, visit the IEEE Intellectual Property Rights department
submission and peer-review system, ScholarOne ® web page at
Manuscripts. You can get a listing of the publications that http://www.ieee.org/publications_standards/publications/rights
participate in ScholarOne at /index.html.
http://www.ieee.org/publications_standards/publications/autho
rs/authors_submission.html First check if you have an existing IX. IEEE PUBLISHING POLICY
account. If there is none, please create a new account. After
logging in, go to your Author Center and click “Submit First The general IEEE policy requires that authors should only
Draft of a New Manuscript.” submit original work that has neither appeared elsewhere for
Along with other information, you will be asked to select publication, nor is under review for another refereed
the subject from a pull-down list. Depending on the journal, publication. The submitting author must disclose all prior
there are various steps to the submission process; you must publication(s) and current submissions when submitting a
complete all steps for a complete submission. At the end of manuscript. Do not publish “preliminary” data or results. The
each step you must click “Save and Continue”; just uploading submitting author is responsible for obtaining agreement of all
the paper is not sufficient. After the last step, you should see a coauthors and any consent required from employers or
confirmation that the submission is complete. You should also sponsors before submitting an article. The IEEE Transactions
receive an e-mail confirmation. For inquiries regarding the and Journals Department strongly discourages courtesy
submission of your paper on ScholarOne Manuscripts, please authorship; it is the obligation of the authors to cite only
contact [email protected] or call +1 732 465 5861. relevant prior work.
ScholarOne Manuscripts will accept files for review in
various formats. Please check the guidelines of the specific The IEEE Transactions and Journals Department does not
journal for which you plan to submit. publish conference records or proceedings, but can publish
You will be asked to file an electronic copyright form articles related to conferences that have undergone rigorous
immediately upon completing the submission process (authors peer review. Minimally, two reviews are required for every
are responsible for obtaining any security clearances). Failure article submitted for peer review.
to submit the electronic copyright could result in publishing
delays later. You will also have the opportunity to designate
X.PUBLICATION PRINCIPLES
your article as “open access” if you agree to pay the IEEE
open access fee. The two types of contents of that are published are; 1) peer-
reviewed and 2) archival. The Transactions and Journals
Department publishes scholarly articles of archival value as
D.Final Stage Using ScholarOne Manuscripts
well as tutorial expositions and critical reviews of classical
Upon acceptance, you will receive an email with specific subjects and topics of current interest.
instructions regarding the submission of your final files. To Authors should consider the following points:
avoid any delays in publication, please be sure to follow these 1) Technical papers submitted for publication must advance
instructions. Most journals require that final submissions be the state of knowledge and must cite relevant prior work.
uploaded through ScholarOne Manuscripts, although some
2) The length of a submitted paper should be commensurate
may still accept final submissions via email. Final
with the importance, or appropriate to the complexity, of
submissions should include source files of your accepted
the work. For example, an obvious extension of
manuscript, high quality graphic files, and a formatted pdf file.
If you have any questions regarding the final submission previously published work might not be appropriate for
process, please contact the administrative contact for the publication or might be adequately treated in just a few
journal. pages.
In addition to this, upload a file with complete contact 3) Authors must convince both peer reviewers and the
information for all authors. Include full mailing addresses, editors of the scientific and technical merit of a paper; the
telephone numbers, fax numbers, and e-mail addresses. standards of proof are higher when extraordinary or
Designate the author who submitted the manuscript on unexpected results are reported.
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information to allow readers to perform similar J. K. Author, “Title of chapter in the book,” in Title of Published Book, xth
ed. City of Publisher, State, Country: Abbrev. of Publisher, year, ch. x, sec. x,
experiments or calculations and use the reported results. pp. xxx–xxx. [Online]. Available: http://www.web.com
Although not everything need be disclosed, a paper must
Examples:
contain new, useable, and fully described information. For [10] G. O. Young, “Synthetic structure of industrial plastics,” in
example, a specimen’s chemical composition need not be Plastics, vol. 3, Polymers of Hexadromicon, J. Peters, Ed.,
reported if the main purpose of a paper is to introduce a 2nd ed. New York, NY, USA: McGraw-Hill, 1964, pp. 15-
64. [Online]. Available: http://www.bookref.com.
new measurement technique. Authors should expect to be [11] The Founders’ Constitution, Philip B. Kurland and Ralph
challenged by reviewers if the results are not supported by Lerner, eds., Chicago, IL, USA: Univ. Chicago Press, 1987.
adequate data and critical details. [Online]. Available: http://press-
pubs.uchicago.edu/founders/
5) Papers that describe ongoing work or announce the latest [12] The Terahertz Wave eBook. ZOmega Terahertz Corp.,
technical achievement, which are suitable for presentation 2014. [Online]. Available: http://dl.z-
at a professional conference, may not be appropriate for thz.com/eBook/zomega_ebook_pdf_1206_sr.pdf. Accessed
on: May 19, 2014.
publication. [13] Philip B. Kurland and Ralph Lerner, eds., The Founders’
Constitution. Chicago, IL, USA: Univ. of Chicago Press,
1987, Accessed on: Feb. 28, 2010, [Online] Available:
http://press-pubs.uchicago.edu/founders/
REFERENCES
Basic format for journals (when available online):
Basic format for books: J. K. Author, “Name of paper,” Abbrev. Title of Periodical, vol. x, no. x, pp.
J. K. Author, “Title of chapter in the book,” in Title of His Published Book, xxx-xxx, Abbrev. Month, year. Accessed on: Month, Day, year, DOI:
xth ed. City of Publisher, (only U.S. State), Country: Abbrev. of Publisher, 10.1109.XXX.123456, [Online].
year, ch. x, sec. x, pp. xxx–xxx. Examples:
Examples: [14] J. S. Turner, “New directions in communications,” IEEE J.
[1] G. O. Young, “Synthetic structure of industrial plastics,” in Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 11-23, Jan. 1995.
Plastics, 2nd ed., vol. 3, J . Peters, E d . New [15] W. P. Risk, G. S. Kino, and H. J. Shaw, “Fiber-optic
Y o r k , NY, USA: McGraw-Hill, 1964, pp. 15–64. frequency shifter using a surface acoustic wave incident at
[2] W.-K. Chen, Linear Networks and Systems. Belmont, an oblique angle,” Opt. Lett., vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 115–117,
CA, USA: Wadsworth, 1993, pp. 123–135. Feb. 1986.
[16] P. Kopyt et al., “Electric properties of graphene-based
conductive layers from DC up to terahertz range,” IEEE
Basic format for periodicals: THz Sci. Technol., to be published. DOI:
J. K. Author, “Name of paper,” Abbrev. Title of Periodical, vol. x, no. x, pp. 10.1109/TTHZ.2016.2544142.
xxx-xxx, Abbrev. Month, year, DOI. 10.1109.XXX.123456.
Examples: Basic format for papers presented at conferences (when
[3] J. U. Duncombe, “Infrared navigation—Part I: An
assessment of feasibility,” IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, available online):
vol. ED-11, no. 1, pp. 34–39, Jan. 1959, J.K. Author. (year, month). Title. presented at abbrev. conference title.
10.1109/TED.2016.2628402. [Type of Medium]. Available: site/path/file
[4] E. P. Wigner, “Theory of traveling-wave optical laser,” Example:
Phys. Rev., [17] PROCESS Corporation, Boston, MA, USA. Intranets:
vol. 134, pp. A635–A646, Dec. 1965. Internet technologies deployed behind the firewall for
[5] E. H. Miller, “A note on reflector arrays,” IEEE Trans. corporate productivity. Presented at INET96 Annual
Antennas Propagat., to be published. Meeting. [Online]. Available:
http://home.process.com/Intranets/wp2.htp
Basic format for reports:
J. K. Author, “Title of report,” Abbrev. Name of Co., City of Co., Abbrev.
Basic format for reports and handbooks (when available
State, Country, Rep. xxx, year. online):
Examples: J. K. Author. “Title of report,” Company. City, State, Country. Rep. no.,
[6] E. E. Reber, R. L. Michell, and C. J. Carter, “Oxygen (optional: vol./issue), Date. [Online] Available: site/path/file
absorption in the earth’s atmosphere,” Aerospace Corp., Examples:
Los Angeles, CA, USA, Tech. Rep. TR-0200 (4230-46)-3, [18] R. J. Hijmans and J. van Etten, “Raster: Geographic
Nov. 1988. analysis and modeling with raster data,” R Package Version
[7] J. H. Davis and J. R. Cogdell, “Calibration program for the 2.0-12, Jan. 12, 2012. [Online]. Available: http://CRAN.R-
16-foot antenna,” Elect. Eng. Res. Lab., Univ. Texas, project.org/package=raster
Austin, TX, USA, Tech. Memo. NGL-006-69-3, Nov. 15, [19] Teralyzer. Lytera UG, Kirchhain, Germany [Online].
1987. Available:
http://www.lytera.de/Terahertz_THz_Spectroscopy.php?
id=home, Accessed on: Jun. 5, 2014
Basic format for handbooks:
Name of Manual/Handbook, x ed., Abbrev. Name of Co., City of Co., Basic format for computer programs and electronic documents
Abbrev. State, Country, year, pp. xxx-xxx.
(when available online):
Examples: Legislative body. Number of Congress, Session. (year, month day). Number
[8] Transmission Systems for Communications, 3rd ed., of bill or resolution, Title. [Type of medium]. Available: site/path/file
Western Electric Co., Winston-Salem, NC, USA, 1985, pp. NOTE: ISO recommends that capitalization follow the accepted practice
44–60. for the language or script in which the information is given.
[9] Motorola Semiconductor Data Manual, Motorola
Semiconductor Products Inc., Phoenix, AZ, USA, 1989. Example:
[20] U.S. House. 102nd Congress, 1st Session. (1991, Jan. 11).
H. Con. Res. 1, Sense of the Congress on Approval of
Basic format for books (when available online):
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Military Action. [Online]. Available: LEXIS Library: Article number in reference examples:
GENFED File: BILLS [32] R. Fardel, M. Nagel, F. Nuesch, T. Lippert, and A. Wokaun,
“Fabrication of organic light emitting diode pixels by laser-
assisted forward transfer,” Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 91, no. 6,
Aug. 2007, Art. no. 061103. 
[33] J. Zhang and N. Tansu, “Optical gain and laser
characteristics of InGaN quantum wells on ternary InGaN
Basic format for patents (when available online): substrates,” IEEE Photon. J., vol. 5, no. 2, Apr. 2013, Art.
Name of the invention, by inventor’s name. (year, month day). Patent Number
no. 2600111
[Type of medium]. Available: site/path/file
Example: Example when using et al.:
[21] Musical toothbrush with mirror, by L.M.R. Brooks. (1992,
[34] S. Azodolmolky et al., Experimental demonstration of an
May 19). Patent D 326 189
impairment aware network planning and operation tool for
[Online]. Available: NEXIS Library: LEXPAT File: DES
transparent/translucent optical networks,” J. Lightw.
Technol., vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 439–448, Sep. 2011. 
Basic format for conference proceedings (published):
J. K. Author, “Title of paper,” in Abbreviated Name of Conf., City of Conf.,
Abbrev. State (if given), Country, year, pp. xxxxxx.
Example:
[22] D. B. Payne and J. R. Stern, “Wavelength-switched pas- First A. Author (M’76–SM’81–F’87)
sively coupled single-mode optical network,” in Proc. and all authors may include biographies.
IOOC-ECOC, Boston, MA, USA, 1985, Biographies are often not included in
pp. 585–590.
Example for papers presented at conferences (unpublished): conference-related papers. This author
[23] D. Ebehard and E. Voges, “Digital single sideband became a Member (M) of IEEE in 1976, a
detection for interferometric sensors,” presented at the 2nd Senior Member (SM) in 1981, and a
Int. Conf. Optical Fiber Sensors, Stuttgart, Germany, Jan. Fellow (F) in 1987. The first paragraph
2-5, 1984.
may contain a place and/or date of birth
Basic format for patents: (list place, then date). Next, the author’s
J. K. Author, “Title of patent,” U.S. Patent x xxx xxx, Abbrev. Month, day, educational background is listed. The degrees should be listed
year. with type of degree in what field, which institution, city, state,
Example: and country, and year the degree was earned. The author’s
[24] G. Brandli and M. Dick, “Alternating current fed power major field of study should be lower-cased.
supply,” U.S. Patent 4 084 217, Nov. 4, 1978.
The second paragraph uses the pronoun of the person (he or
Basic format for theses (M.S.) and dissertations (Ph.D.): she) and not the author’s last name. It lists military and work
a) J. K. Author, “Title of thesis,” M.S. thesis, Abbrev. Dept., Abbrev. Univ., experience, including summer and fellowship jobs. Job titles
City of Univ., Abbrev. State, year. are capitalized. The current job must have a location; previous
b) J. K. Author, “Title of dissertation,” Ph.D. dissertation, Abbrev. Dept., positions may be listed without one. Information concerning
Abbrev. Univ., City of Univ., Abbrev. State, year.
previous publications may be included. Try not to list more
Examples: than three books or published articles. The format for listing
[25] J. O. Williams, “Narrow-band analyzer,” Ph.D. dissertation,
Dept. Elect. Eng., Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA, USA, publishers of a book within the biography is: title of book
1993. (publisher name, year) similar to a reference. Current and
[26] N. Kawasaki, “Parametric study of thermal and chemical previous research interests end the paragraph.
nonequilibrium nozzle flow,” M.S. thesis, Dept. Electron.
Eng., Osaka Univ., Osaka, Japan, 1993.
The third paragraph begins with the author’s title and last
name (e.g., Dr. Smith, Prof. Jones, Mr. Kajor, Ms. Hunter).
Basic format for the most common types of unpublished List any memberships in professional societies other than the
references: IEEE. Finally, list any awards and work for IEEE committees
a) J. K. Author, private communication, Abbrev. Month, year. and publications. If a photograph is provided, it should be of
b) J. K. Author, “Title of paper,” unpublished. good quality, and professional-looking. Following are two
c) J. K. Author, “Title of paper,” to be published. examples of an author’s biography.
Examples:
[27] A. Harrison, private communication, May 1995.
[28] B. Smith, “An approach to graphs of linear forms,”
unpublished.
[29] A. Brahms, “Representation error for real numbers in binary
computer arithmetic,” IEEE Computer Group Repository,
Paper R-67-85.
Second B. Author was born in
Basic formats for standards: Greenwich Village, New York, NY, USA
a) Title of Standard, Standard number, date. in 1977. He received the B.S. and M.S.
b) Title of Standard, Standard number, Corporate author, location, date.
degrees in aerospace engineering from the
Examples:
[30] IEEE Criteria for Class IE Electric Systems, IEEE Standard
University of Virginia, Charlottesville, in
308, 1969. 2001 and the Ph.D. degree in mechanical
[31] Letter Symbols for Quantities, ANSI Standard Y10.5-1968. engineering from Drexel University,
Philadelphia, PA, in 2008.
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From 2001 to 2004, he was a Research Assistant with the

Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory. Since 2009, he has been
an Assistant Professor with the Mechanical Engineering
Department, Texas A&M University, College Station. He is
the author of three books, more than 150 articles, and more
than 70 inventions. His research interests include high-
pressure and high-density nonthermal plasma discharge
processes and applications, microscale plasma discharges,
discharges in liquids, spectroscopic diagnostics, plasma
propulsion, and innovation plasma applications. He is an
Associate Editor of the journal Earth, Moon, Planets, and
holds two patents.
Dr. Author was a recipient of the International Association
of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy Young Scientist Award for
Excellence in 2008, and the IEEE Electromagnetic
Compatibility Society Best Symposium Paper Award in 2011.
Third C. Author, Jr. (M’87) received the
B.S. degree in mechanical engineering
from National Chung Cheng University,
Chiayi, Taiwan, in 2004 and the M.S.
degree in mechanical engineering from
National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu,
Taiwan, in 2006. He is currently pursuing
the Ph.D. degree in mechanical
engineering at Texas A&M University,
College Station, TX, USA.
From 2008 to 2009, he was a Research Assistant with the
Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Tapei, Taiwan. His
research interest includes the development of surface
processing and biological/medical treatment techniques using
nonthermal atmospheric pressure plasmas, fundamental study
of plasma sources, and fabrication of micro- or nanostructured
surfaces.
Mr. Author’s awards and honors include the Frew
Fellowship (Australian Academy of Science), the I. I. Rabi
Prize (APS), the European Frequency and Time Forum
Award, the Carl Zeiss Research Award, the William F.
Meggers Award and the Adolph Lomb Medal (OSA).