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JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL

MAPEH 8 (ART)
FIRST QUARTER
LEARNING MODULE 2

UNIT TOPIC: ART OF SOUTHEAST ASIA

Prepared by: Amor Grace Martinez Sacudit

I. GAINING IN YOUR END

I will be able to:
- Reflects on and derive the mood, idea, or message from selected artifacts and
art objects
- Appreciate the artifacts and art object in terms of their utilization and their
distinct use of art elements and principles

II. AS YOU MOVE

Match the picture with its country of origin.

THAILAND

MALAYSIA

SINGAPORE

CAMBODIA

_____________ ____________

__________________ _______________

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III. MATTER IN HAND

ARTS OF SOUTHEAST ASIA

CAMBODIA

Fabric/Fabric Design

Thai Silk
Thai silk is produced from the cocoons of
Thai silkworms. It is mainly produced in Khorat
which is the center of the silk industry in Thailand.
Thai weavers from this region raise the caterpillars
on a steady diet of mulberry leaves.

Today, Thai silk making is considered to

be one of the finest arts in the world, a product of a
unique manufacturing process and bearing
patterns and colors.

Silk weaving in Cambodia dates to as

Early as the first century since textiles have traces of motifs imitating clothing details on ancient
stone sculptures.

There are two main types of Cambodia weaving:

1. Ikat technique (Khmer term: chongkiet) – to create patterns, weaves tie and dye portions
of weft yarn before weaving begins. Patterns are diverse and vary by region; common
motifs include, stars, and spots

2. Uneven twill – it yields single or two-color fabrics, which are produced by weaving three so
that color of one thread dominates on one side of the fabric, while the two others
determine the color on the reverse side. Traditionally, Cambodian textiles have employed
natural dyes coming from:

a. Insect nests – red dye

b. Indigo – blue dye
c. Prohut bark – yellow and green dye
d. Ebony bark – black dye

Cambodia’s modern silk-weaving centers are Takeo, Battambang, Beanteay Meanchey, Siem
Reap, and Kampot provinces. Silk-weaving has been revived in the past ten years and now
provides employment for many rural women. Cambodian silk is generally sold domestically, where
it is used in sampot (wrap skirts), furnishings, and pidan (pictoral tapestries). Now, it has seen an
increase in export viability.

Cotton textiles have also played a significant role in Cambodian culture. Though today,
Cambodia imports most of its cotton, traditionally woven cotton remains popular. Rural women
often weave homemade cotton fabric, which is used in garments and for household purposes.
Krama, the traditional check scarves worn almost universally by Cambodians, are made of cotton.

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According to Lao tradition, stories of their history were not passed on orally nor was it
written, they were woven. Strand by strand, Lao stories were weaved in the intricate dense
patterns and motifs of textiles. Unfortunately some are elaborately fantastic, and the motifs so
cryptic, that in many cases only the weaver can accurately interpret the story.

Most diverse of these stories are the ones woven into a sihn – the Lao women’s ankle-long
skirt whose form is undeniable but whose patterns are unique to each skirt.

Sihn Women wearing Sihn

Though the skirt looks simple and elegant, it is traditional that every woman in Laos
weaves all the sihns she would wear throughout her lifetime. She uses folk icons to express
personal views. This is often accomplished by symbolist totems from the inanimate or animate
world – crabs for resourcefulness, snakes for fertility, butterflies for beauty, birds for success, and
so on.

VIETNAM

Golden thread skills were born in Vietnam. Many of our Vietnamese fabrics originated from
Ha Dong, the center of weaving and sericulture (silk worm production) for centuries. Old jacquard
looms are still used, weaving patterns containing centuries-old symbols and characters.

Silk with golden thread

Some popular Vietnamese fabric ranges are:

1. Shantung taffeta
2. Bengaline weave
3. Ebony satin – an all-natural lustrous silk hand-woven in southern Vietnam and naturally
dyed using ebony fruit pods. The fabric dates back over a century, but was only recently
revitalized by the designer Vo Viet Chung.

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Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore

The fabric most common to both countries is the batik. The term “batik” is an Indonesian-
Malay word, believed to be related to the Malay word “titik”, which “point”, “dot”, or “drop”. The
“drop” action refers to the process of dyeing the fabric by making use of a resist technique:
covering areas of cloth with a dye-resistant substance (usually hot wax) to prevent them from
absorbing colors. This technique is has been taught for over a thousand years.

Sihn

There are two categories of batik designs:

1. Geometric motifs
2. Free form designs

Modern batik design depend on the creativity of their designers.

Naturalistic motifs like leaves, flowers, and birds have been utilized to create elaborate and
intricate designs.

Modern designs also include more colors, courtesy of chemical dyes, as artists are not bound
by the strict guidelines of traditional practices, when craftsmen were dependent on natural dyes.

In Malaysia, the states of Kelantan and Terengganu are considered with cradle where batik
first flourished, reaching even Singapore’s there:

1. Handpainted – the artist uses the canting, a small copper container with one or more
different-sized pipes

2. Blockprinted – is done by welding together strips or metal to form a metal block. The metal
block is then dipped into molten was and pressed against the fabric in order to make a
pattern.

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Malaysian Batik

Leaves and flowers in Malaysian batiks are incorporated to avoid the interpretation of
human and animal images as idolatry, in accordance with local Islamic doctrine. This makes their
batik look similar to that of Indonesia.

Flight attendants in Singapore wearing batik

However, the Malaysian batik is famous for its geometrical designs or spirals. The method
of Malaysian batik-making is also different from those of Indonesian Javanese batik. Their patterns
are larger and simpler. More brush painting is applied to be able to put lighter and more vibrant
colors than deep-colored Javanese batik.

In Singapore, the existence and use of batik has been recorded since the 12 th century but
has receded in popularity through the years. Nowadays, batik is featured in as the uniform of flight
attendants for the official flag carrier airlines of Singapore, Indonesian, and Malaysia.

BRUNEI

Brunei’s traditional textile is also called batik but it is uniquely different from Indonesia,
Malaysia, and Singapore. It designs have their national flower simpur, sumboi-sumboi (pitcher
plant), and Brunei’s traditional design of air muleh.

Different techniques are used in Brunei’s batik like airbrushing, cracking, bubble, rainbow,
sprinkle, geometry, and marble. These techniques are applied on fabrics like cotton, chiffon, linen,
and brocade.

Hand-make batik design created through the art of layering and mixing of colors injected
with creativity.

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Batik can be done in four

different ways:

1. Hand-drawn
2. Using metal blocks
3. Screen printing
4. Digital printing

Brunei’s batik polo shirt

IV. KEY POINTS TO REMEMBER

Thai silk is produced from the cocoons of Thai silkworms. It is mainly produced in Khorat which is
the center of the silk industry in Thailand.

Two main types of Cambodia weaving:

1. Ikat technique (Khmer term: chongkiet)
2. Uneven twill

Sihn – the Lao women’s ankle-long skirt whose form is undeniable but whose patterns are unique
to each skirt.

Some popular Vietnamese fabric ranges are:

1. Shantung taffeta
2. Bengaline weave
3. Ebony satin

The term “batik” is an Indonesian-Malay word, believed to be related to the Malay word “titik”,
which “point”, “dot”, or “drop

There are two categories of batik designs:

1. Geometric motifs
2. Free form designs

1. Handpainted – the artist uses the canting, a small copper container with one or more
different-sized pipes
2. Blockprinted – is done by welding together strips or metal to form a metal block. The
metal block is then dipped into molten was and pressed against the fabric in order to
make a pattern.

Brunei’s traditional textile is also called batik but it is uniquely different from Indonesia, Malaysia,
and Singapore. It designs have their national flower simpur, sumboi-sumboi (pitcher plant), and
Brunei’s traditional design of air muleh.

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V. THINK THROUGH (test and task)

OC Module 1 Worksheet
Name: Grade Level & Section:
Date: Score: Parent/Guardian Signature:

ACTIVITY: BATIK MAKING

Materials
 Canvas or old cotton fabric
 Fabric paint or acrylic paint
 Washable while glue or Elmer’s glue
 Paint brushes
 Plastic wrap or plastic placement

Procedure
1. Prepare your fabric. Cut the canvas or cotton fabric into the desired size.

2. Sketch a design (optional). If you plan on making a detailed picture, you can lightly sketch
your design onto the fabric. Another option you can do is to cut out a picture or template
and trace is outline on the fabric.

3. Make your batik design with glue. Place plastic wrap or a plastic placemat under your
fabric in case the glue in case the glue seeps through. Squeeze the glue to make lines and
designs on your fabric. You can make simple designs like flowers or geometric shapes, or
do a complete picture. If you will use a sketch, you simply have to apply glue along the
lines of your drawing.

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4. Allow the glue to dry. This will take around six hours or more, depending on the weight of
your fabric and the thickness of the glue lines. When completely dry, the glue lines will turn
transparent.

5. Remove the glue. Soak the fabric in warm water for 15 to 30 minutes. You can do this in a
basin or directly inside a sink or bathtub. The glue will soften as it soaks longer. You can
speed up the process by rubbing on the areas with glue. After all the glue has been
removed, hang the fabric to dry.

6. Another method that does not involving soaking in water is to peel off the dry glue lines
directly from the fabric. This does not work for certain types of fabric. However, it works
well with canvas batik but not on cotton tank top.

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7. Apply finishing touches. Once your batik has dried, iron it and it is ready to be framed or
displayed as an artwork. You may also hem them edges to turn it into a placement, napkin,
or bandana. If you worked on a large piece of batik, you can sew and transform it into a
bag, pillowcase, table cloth, and other projects.

Rubric

CATEGORY Excellent Good Fair Poor

Following Followed the Followed most of Followed some of Did not follow
directions directions the directions the directions instructions
correctly

Creativity and Student output is Student output is Student output is Student output is
workmanship very creative and good and tidy fair and has few dull with lots of
tidy error error

Pattern Pattern of Pattern of Pattern of There is no visible

Southeast Asian Southeast Asian Southeast Asian pattern of
culture is well- culture is visible culture is Southeast Asian
defined and used but not clearly somewhat visible culture
from beginning to defined but not
end continuous

Resources: http://Wikipedia.com, www.google.com.ph/imgres?

q=southeast+asian+arts&num=1&hl=en&sa=X&biw=1366&bih=667& ,

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