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Modulation Modulation Modulation Modulation

Modulation is the process of encoding information such as a digital bit stream or audio signal onto a carrier signal for transmission. There are three main types of modulation: amplitude modulation, frequency modulation, and phase modulation. Amplitude modulation varies the amplitude of the carrier wave, frequency modulation varies the frequency, and phase modulation varies the phase. Modulation allows digital data to be transmitted over analog networks by encoding the data into properties of the carrier signal. Demodulation is the inverse process of extracting the original data from the received modulated carrier signal.

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Neenu Prasannan
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18 views

Modulation Modulation Modulation Modulation

Modulation is the process of encoding information such as a digital bit stream or audio signal onto a carrier signal for transmission. There are three main types of modulation: amplitude modulation, frequency modulation, and phase modulation. Amplitude modulation varies the amplitude of the carrier wave, frequency modulation varies the frequency, and phase modulation varies the phase. Modulation allows digital data to be transmitted over analog networks by encoding the data into properties of the carrier signal. Demodulation is the inverse process of extracting the original data from the received modulated carrier signal.

Uploaded by

Neenu Prasannan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CSA212-

CSA212- DATA COMMUNICATION AND COMPUTER NETWORKS

Modulation

Modulation is the process of conveying a message signal, for example a digital bit

stream or an analog audio signal, inside another signal that can be physically

transmitted. So it is the process of varying one or more properties of a

periodic waveform, called the carrier signal,


signal, with a modulating signal that typically
contains information to be transmitted

In modulation a signal is mixed with a sinusoid to produce a new signal. This new

signal, conceivably, will have certain benefits over an un-modulated signal,

There are different techniques for doing this.

Amplitude modulation mixes a plain carrier wave with another data wave to change

the amplitude of the carrier wave.

Frequency modulation changes the frequency of the carrier wave to encode digital

data into the carrier wave. A fast frequency may stand for a one where a normal

frequency means zero. The most complicated type of modulation is analog

modulation that uses phase to encode data. This changes the wave's starting point

to encode data.

Faculty : Ani R, Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science and Applications


CSA212-
CSA212- DATA COMMUNICATION AND COMPUTER NETWORKS

A modulator is a device
evice that performs modulation. A demodulator is a device that

performs demodulation,, the inverse of modulation.


modul A modem (from modulator–
modulator

demodulator) can perform both operations.

The process by which information is encoded into electrical signals for transmission

over a medium. Binary information, as


as represented by a series of 1s and 0s, must be

converted to analog or digital electrical signals for transmission. For analog

transmission over voice-grade


grade Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) lines,

this process is usually called “modulation,” and for


for transmission over digital lines, the

term “line coding” is often used instead.

Modulation forms the basis of the digital-to-analog


digital analog converter (DAC) component of an

analog modem. Modulation in modems allows digital binary information to be

received from a serial interface on a computer and modulated for transmission over

the voice-grade
grade PSTN telephone network.

There are 3 basic types of modulation: Amplitude modulation, Frequency

modulation, and Phase modulation.

Amplitude modulation

A type of modulation where the amplitude of the carrier signal is modulated


(changed) in proportion to the message signal while the frequency and phase are

kept constant.

Faculty : Ani R, Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science and Applications


CSA212-
CSA212- DATA COMMUNICATION AND COMPUTER NETWORKS

Frequency modulation

A type of modulation where the frequency of the carrier signal is modulated

(changed) in proportion to the message signal while the amplitude and phase are

kept constant.

Phase modulation

A type of modulation where the phase of the carrier signal is varied accordance to

the low frequency of the message signal is known as


as phase modulation.

this sinusoid has 3 parameters that can be altered, to affect the shape of the graph.

The first term, A, is called the magnitude, or amplitude of the sinusoid. The next

term, is known as the frequency, and the last term, is known as the phase angle.

All 3 parameters can be altered to transmit data.

The sinusoidal signal that is used in the modulation is known as the carrier signal, or

simply "the carrier". The signal that is used in modulating the carrier signal(or

sinusoidal signal) is known as the "data signal" or the "message signal". It is

important to notice that a simple sinusoidal carrier contains no information of its own.

Another form of modulation, particularly useful in achieving high transmission


speeds, is known as phase modulation.
modulation. In this case each bit of data is represented

by a phase shift, relative to the previous phase of the carrier. For example, the

diagram below illustrates this concept, when a zero is encoded as a 90 degree

phase shift and a one by a 270 degree shift:


sh

The significant difference between phase modulation and the other two methods

considered earlier is that it is the change between one phase and another which

represents the data bit and not the actual frequencies involved

Faculty : Ani R, Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science and Applications


CSA212-
CSA212- DATA COMMUNICATION AND COMPUTER NETWORKS

Faculty : Ani R, Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science and Applications


CSA212-
CSA212- DATA COMMUNICATION AND COMPUTER NETWORKS

• Amplitude shift keying (ASK)

• Binary Frequency shift keying (BFSK)

• Binary Phase shift keying (BPSK)

Faculty : Ani R, Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science and Applications

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