1

Section A: Pure Mathematics [40 marks]

1 (i) The sum of the first n terms of a sequence is given by S n = n(2n + 7) .

Show that un = 4n + 5 and prove that the sequence is an Arithmetic Progression. [2]
N
1
(ii) Find  u n +1 + u n
in terms of N, where un is the nth term of the arithmetic series
[4]
n =1

in part (i).
1 1 1
(iii) Hence find the exact value of + +L + . [2]
53 + 49 57 + 53 361 + 357

uuur uuur
2 The origin O, and the points A and B lie in the same plane where OA = a and OB = b . It is given
π
that a = 1 , b = 2 and the angle between a and b is radians. The point F is the foot of the
3
perpendicular from A to the line segment passing through O and B.
uuur
(i) Find OF in terms of b only. [4]
(ii) It is given that C is the point of reflection of A about the line segment passing through
O and B. Find the position vector of C in terms of a and b.
Hence, state with a reason, the shape of the quadrilateral OABC and show that its exact
[4]
area is 3.

3 An airport proposes to collect passenger service fee from each traveller to fund an upgrading project
for the airport. The upgrading project is expected to cost $ 1, 000, 000.

The proposal is to collect a fee of $5 per traveller from 1 January 2019, and increase this fee by
$2.50 on 1 January of every subsequent year. It is given that the airport handles 10, 000 travellers a
year and that there is no change in the number of travellers every year.

(i) According to this proposal, find the earliest year in which the airport reaches its
target of $ 1, 000, 000. [4]

However, representatives from the airline industry strongly object to the above proposal.
Consequently, the airport decides to allocate funds from its reserve investment revenue every year
to finance the upgrading project instead, starting from the year 2019.
The allocated fund in 2019 is $50, 000. Due to increases in other expenditures, the allocated fund is
expected to decrease by 6% of the allocated fund in the previous year, such that the allocated fund
is $47, 000 in 2020, $44, 180 in 2021 and so on.

(ii) Find the total allocated fund collected in the years from 2024 to 2030, giving your
[3]
answer correct to nearest dollar.
(iii) Will the airport eventually collect enough to fund the upgrading project? Justify your
[3]
answer.
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4.

Figure 1 Figure 2

2 2
 x  y
Figure 1 shows the upper-half of an ellipse with equation   +   = 1 , and region A bounded
r h
by the ellipse and the axes in the first quadrant.

(i) Show that the volume V of the solid of revolution generated by rotating region A through
2
2π radians about the y-axis, is V = π r 2 h . [3]
3

(ii) The ellipse can also be represented by parametric equations x = r cosθ , y = h sin θ , where
0 ≤ θ ≤ π . Show that the equation of the tangent to the ellipse at point P (r cos α , h sin α ) , is
h 
y = −  cot α  x + h cosecα . [4]
r 

Figure 2 shows a fixed right circular cone of height 5 and base radius 3, which contains an inscribed
2 2
 x  y
hemi-ellipsoid generated by rotating the region that is bounded by the ellipse   +   = 1 and
r h
the x-axis through π radians about the y axis.
5
(iii) Given that the line y = − x + 5 , the slanted edge of the cone joining points (3, 0) and (0, 5),
3
2 2
 x  y
is a tangent to the inscribed ellipse   +   = 1 , deduce that the base radius r and height
r h
2 2
h r
h for the inscribed hemi-ellipsoid is related by the equation   +   = 1 . [3]
 5 3

(iv) Find the exact value of height h for which the volume of the inscribed hemi-ellipsoid is a
maximum as h varies. [4]
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Section B: Probability and Statistics [60 marks]

5 In a supermarket game, ten randomly selected shoppers are allowed 15 minutes each to search for
mystery items hidden amongst the supermarket shelves. Each shopper is allowed to find at most one
1
mystery item. On average the probability that a shopper will find a mystery item is where
p
1< p < 2 .
(i) State, in the context of this question, an assumption needed to model the number of
shoppers who find a mystery item by a binomial distribution. [1]

Assume now that part (i) holds.

15
( )
7
The probability that three of the ten shoppers find a mystery item is 2 −1 .
4
(ii) Find the value of p. [2]

The supermarket conducts this game n times.

(iii) Find the least value of n such that there is a probability of more than 0.01 that in more
than two of the games, three of the ten shoppers find a mystery item in a game. [3]

6. Five fair coins are tossed together in one throw. The number of tails and heads obtained in one throw
are denoted by T and H respectively. The random variable X denotes T – H.
5
(i) Show that P( X = 1) = and hence find the probability distribution of X. [3]
16
(ii) State the value of E( X ) and find the value of Var( X ) . [2]

A player pays $1 for one throw. He receives nothing if the difference between the number of tails
and heads obtained is less than three, receives $2 if the difference is equal to three, and receives $k
if the difference is more than three.
(iii) Find the value of $k if the expectation of the player’s profit is $10. [2]

1 1 1
7 (a) For events A and B, it is given that P( B) = , P( A ∩ B) = and P( A '∩ B ') = .
3 5 6
Find P( A | B ') . [3]

(b) A seven-digit number is formed by writing down the digits 1, 2, 2,3, 4,5,5 in some
order. Find how many of such numbers can be formed if
(i) the two ‘5’s are not next to each other, [2]
(ii) there are exactly three digits between the two ‘5’s, [3]
(iii) the number is an odd number between 1 000 000 and 2 000 000 . [3]
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8 In a neuroscience study, researchers investigate the relationship between brain mass, x kilograms
and Intelligence Quotient index, y. The table below shows the data of a random sample of 10 people.

x 1.196 1.342 1.399 1.476 1.493 1.504 1.521 1.568 1.582 1.601
y 73 82 98 109 114 119 128 138 142 148

(i) Draw the scatter diagram for these values, labelling the axes clearly.
[1]

It is thought that the intelligence quotient, y can be modelled by one of the formulae
y = a + bx or y = c + dx 2
where a, b, c and d are constants.
(ii) Find the value of the product moment correlation coefficient between
(a) x and y, [1]
(b) 2
x and y. [1]
(iii) Use your answers to parts (i) and (ii) to explain which of y = a + bx or y = c + dx is
2

the better model. Hence, calculate the equation of the least squares regression line of
the suitable model you have found. [3]

(iv) Use the regression line found in part (iii) to estimate the value of Intelligence
Quotient index when the brain mass is 1500 grams.
Comment on the reliability of your answer. [2]

(v) An internet article claims that the neuroscience study shows that “heavier brain mass
leads to higher intelligence quotient”. Comment briefly on the validity of this
statement. [1]
 5

9 In a certain country, heights of males and females follow independent normal distributions. Heights
of males have mean 175 cm and standard deviation 10 cm, and heights of females have mean μ cm
and standard deviation σ cm.
(i) If the proportion of females shorter than 143 cm and the proportion of females taller
than 183 cm are both equal to 0.01114 , write down the value of μ and show that σ
is 8.75 , correct to 3 significant figures. [3]
(ii) If two females and one male are randomly chosen, find the probability that the sum of
the heights of the two females differ from twice the height of the male by at least 30
cm. [4]

Flight attendants and fighter pilots have strict height requirements due to the nature of their
professions. The national carrier of the country has a minimum height requirement of 155 cm and a
maximum of 185 cm for female flight attendants. Its air force has a minimum height requirement of
160 cm and a maximum of 192.5 cm for its male fighter pilots.
(iii) Two females and one male are chosen at random. Find the probability that the male
meets fighter pilot height requirement whereas only one female meets the female flight
attendant height requirement. [3]

During a group interview conducted by the national carrier, all female candidates wear standard
shoes with 5 cm heels. A random sample of 15 female candidates is chosen.
(iv) Find the probability that the average height of the sample of female candidates wearing
standard shoes is greater than 170 cm. [3]

10 In a large busy restaurant, the mean time taken for a server to clear a table and set it for the next
guest is 4.5 minutes. In order to improve the quality of service and maintain a clean environment,
the restaurant manager introduced a new routine to clear tables. A random sample of 30 servers is
taken and the time taken by each server to clear a table, x minutes, is recorded. The data are
summarised as follows:
 x = 132 and  x 2 = 583.96 .
(i) Find unbiased estimates of the population mean and variance. [2]
(ii) Test, at the 10% significance level, whether the mean time taken for a server to clear
a table has changed. [5]
(iii) Using the results in part (ii), state the range of values of α , where α % is the level of
significance, at which a test would lead the manager to conclude that the mean time
has not changed. [1]
(iv) Without carrying out another test, state with reasons, the conclusion if the test at 5%
significance level was to determine whether the mean time taken to clear a table is
less than 4.5 minutes. [2]

After a few weeks, based on feedback from servers and guests, the manager modifies the routine.
Another random sample of 30 servers is taken and their time taken to clear a table has mean x
minutes and variance 1.01 minutes2.
(v) Find the set of values of x for which a test at 1% significance level concludes that the
mean time taken to clear a table is greater than 4.5 minutes, giving your answer to 3
decimal places. [4]

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