Eng8 Quarter 1 Module 1
Eng8 Quarter 1 Module 1
Reading
Comprehension
English - Grade 8
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 1: Reading Comprehension
First Edition, 2020
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Published by the Department of Education – Division of Gingoog City
Division Superintendent: Jesnar Dems S. Torres, PhD, CESO VI
Management Team
Pablito B. Altubar
CID Chief
Members
Levie D. Llemit, PhD – EPS- I English
Leah L. Tacandong - Instructional Supervisor
Himaya B. Sinatao, LRMS Manager
Jay Michael A. Calipusan, PDO II
Mercy M. Caharian, Librarian II
Quarter 1 - Module 1
Reading Comprehension
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Table of Contents
Lesson 1:
Scanning for Text Types and Logical Connectors……………………………1
What I Need to Know…………………………………………………………….…..1
What’s New
Activity 1: Locating logical connectors……………………………….........1
What Is It ………………………………………………………………………………2
What’s More
Activity 2: Scanning for Text Type and Connectors ……………….…….4
What I Have Learned
Activity 3: Generalization…………………………..………………….….…6
What I Can Do
Activity 4: Let Me Join…………………………………..…………………...6
Lesson 2:
Skimming for Key Ideas……………………………………………………………8
What I Need to Know……………………….…………………………………….….8
What’s In ……………………………………………………………………….……..8
What’s New
Activity 1: Skim Through…………………………………………………..9
What Is It
Activity 2: Determine the Main Idea……………………………….……10
What’s More
Activity 3: Skimming Practice……………………………………………11
What I Have Learned
Activity 4: Generalization…………………………………………………13
What I Can Do
Activity 5: Expressing Main Idea…………………………………………14
Lesson 3:
Reading for One’s Purpose………………………………………………………..16
What I Need to Know………………………………………………………………...16
What’s In ………………………………………………………………………………16
What’s New
Activity 1: Speed Test Yourself………………………………………….…17
What Is It ………………………………………………………………………………19
What’s More
Activity 2: Try This!................................................................................ 20
Activity 3: Speed Reading with Comprehension…………………………. 21
What I Have Learned
Activity 4:Generalization………………………………………………..……23
What I Can Do
Activity 5:One Minute Reading………………………………………………24
Lesson 4:
Intensive Reading to Determine the Author’s Purpose………………………………. 26
What I Need to Know…………………………………………………………..……… 26
What’s In…………………………………………………………………………..……. 26
What’s New
Activity 1: Simple Recall…………………………………………………..… 26
What Is It
Activity 2: Intensive Reading……………………….………………….…… 28
What’s More……………………………………………………………………………. 27
Activity3: Author’s Purpose……………………………………....……..….. 29
What I Have Learned
Activity 4:Generalization………………………………………………… ……32
What I Can Do
Activity 4:Read the selection…………………………………………….……33
Summary ............................................................................................... 34
Key to Answers……………………………………………………………….………. 37
Reference…………………………………………………………………....4
What This Module is About
This module is about Reading Comprehension using various techniques in
reading: scanning, skimming, speed reading, and intensive reading. It is hoped that
you will be able to develop your skill in reading through the activities ask of you to
do..
In this module, you will encounter different activities that will give you
opportunity to enhance your comprehension, self-reliance and self-confidence. as
you work on your own.
The following are the lessons contained in this module.
Lesson 1 – Scanning for Logical Connectors and Text Types
Lesson 2 – Skimming for Key Ideas
Lesson 3 – Reading for One’s Purpose
Lesson 4 – Intensive Reading to Determine the Author’s Purpose
1
Icons of this Module
What I Need to This part contains learning objectives
Know that are set for you to learn as you go
along the module.
What I Know
Multiple
Multiple Choice
2
Directions: Read each sentence. Identify the connector used in each sentence. Write
the letter of your choice.
Identification
Directions: Skim through the illustration and answer the questions on the right side of
the picture. Write your answers on the spaces below.
16. ________________________________
17. ________________________________
18. ________________________________
19. ________________________________
20. ________________________________
Life cycle of a monarch butterfly (SCIENCE)
16. What is the title
of the illustration?
17. How many
steps are in the
process?
18. What is in the
third picture?
3
19. This topic is studied thoroughly in what subject?
20. What is in the last step of the cycle before it begins another cycle?
https://www.activewild.com/life-cycle-of-the-monarch-butterfly/
Directions: Choose the word from the box that corresponds to the description of
each number. Write the word in the space before each number.
__________21. This type of texts furnishes you with relevant facts and figures
but do not include their opinion.
__________22. This type of texts focuses on describing a character, an event, or
a place in great detail.
__________23. This type of texts contains justifications and reasons as well as
the opinions and the biases of the author to convince others to
agree with the author’s point of view.
__________24. This type of texts tells a story. The author creates different
characters and tell you what happens to them.
__________25. An author’s purpose to convince you to change your thinking.
__________26. The author’s purpose to arouse interest or evoke laughter.
__________27. The author’s purpose to give facts and reasons to get the point
across.
Read the text below and identify what text type is used.
Passage
You need a balanced diet to stay healthy. A balanced diet provides the amount of
nutrients your body needs every day. By eating lots of different foods, you will get
the nutrients you require to stay healthy. (p.49 Total Reading 6)
29. What is the topic of this paragraph?
A. eating foods B, the importance of a balanced diet
C. planning your diet
4
30. Which sentence states the main idea about the topic?
A. When you eat lots different foods you get the nutrients you require.
B. A balanced diet provides the amount of nutrients your body needs every
day.
C. You need a balanced diet to stay healthy
5
Lesson
Scanning for Text Types and
1
Lesson Logical Connectors
What’s New
Conjunctions and Connectors
As you read the process of solving consecutive integer word problem, you will
notice the connectors used in the texts. Can you locate them? Write the
logical connectors in the table provided below.
1
Then, find the second consecutive number. Since the numbers are consecutive,
meaning one number comes right after the other, the second number must be
one more than the first. So, X=1 equals the second number.
Let X+1= the second number
Next, show in equation. The problem says that the sum of two
numbers is 91. Hence,
X+(X+1) = 91
Finally, solve the equation.
X+X+1 = 91
2X+1 = 91
2X = 91-1
2X = 90
2 2
X = 90/2
X = 45
No Connectors
.
1
2
3
4
5
What Is It
Categorized Word Connectors
Activity 1 shows the logical arrangement of a text in a step by step process
using order connectors.
Word Connectors are used to link large groups of words: phrases and
sentences. You can also use them to connect paragraphs to give them
coherence. Sentence connectors are usually placed at the beginning of a
sentence and may be categorized as follows:
(https://www.myenglishteacher.eu/blog/list-of-sentence-connectors-in-english/)
2
contrary that
in contrast likewise finally more or less
to
Example:
“I’m using the term ‘Chinese mother’ loosely. In like manner, I know
some Korean, Indian, Jamaican, Irish and Ghanaian parents who qualify too.
Conversely, I know some mothers of Chinese heritage, almost always born in
the West, who are not Chinese mothers, by choice or otherwise. I’m also
using the term ‘Western parents’ loosely. Western parents come in all
varieties. All the same, even when Western parents think they’re being strict,
they usually don’t come close to being Chinese mothers. For example, my
Western friends who consider themselves strict make their children practice
their instruments 30 minutes every day. An hour at most. For a Chinese
mother, the first hour is the easy part. It’s hours two and three that get tough.”
by Amy Chua (https://literarydevices.net/narrative-essay/)
Example:
3
3. Persuasive – Its main purpose is to convince. Unlike expository writing, this
type of text contains the opinions and biases of the author. To convince
others to agree with the author’s point of view, persuasive writing contains
justifications and reasons.
Example:
4. Narrative – Its main purpose is to tell a story. The author will create different
characters and tell you what happens to them.
Example:
“Annie, over six feet tall, big-boned, decided that she would not go to work as
a domestic and leave her “precious babes” to anyone else’s care. There was
no possibility of being hired at the town’s cotton gin or lumber mill. But
maybe there was a way to make the two factories work for her. In her words,
“I looked up the road I was going and back the way I come. Since I wasn’t
satisfied, I decided to step off the road and cut me a new path.” She told
herself that she wasn’t a fancy cook but that she could “mix groceries well
enough to scare hungry away and keep from starving a man.” by Maya
Angelou (https://literarydevices.net/narrative-essay/ )
What’s More
Activity 2: Scanning for Text Type and Connectors
Directions: Scan through the following texts to find the connectors used. Then
read again thoroughly to identify the text type. Finally, complete the
information below by identifying the text type and indicating the logical
connectors.
4
Paragraph 1
In 1997, 175,000 volunteers picked up three million pounds of
garbage along the coasts of the United States. As a result, both people
and sea animals can enjoy cleaner and safer environments. Glass
bottles, lumber, and syringes are less of a threat to barefooted
beachgoers. Fewer seabirds, fish, and crabs will die entangled in
plastic can holders, fishing nets, and fishing line. People put trash in
the oceans, but by volunteering their time to help clean up after
themselves, people are also the solution to the problem.
(https://www.eslprintables.com/powerpoint.asp?id=69990)
Paragraph 2
Jerry was the kind of guy who love to hate. He was always in a
good mood and always has something positive to say. When someone
would ask him how he was doing, he would reply, “If I were any better,
I would be twins!” Because he was a unique manager, he had several
waiters followed him around from restaurant to restaurant. The reason
the waiters followed him around was because of his attitude. He was a
natural motivator. If an employee was having a bad day, Jerry was
there telling him how to look on the positive side of the situation.
(https://www.chickensoup.com/book-story/54410/attitude-is-everything)
.
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 4
Immigration contributes to the overall health of the American
economy. Despite the recent concerns expressed about the illegal and some
legal immigration to the United States, this country has largely benefited from
the skills, talents, and ambition that immigrants bring with them. American
businesses gain from a good source of affordable labor, while towns and
cities are revitalized by immigrant families who strengthen communities
through civic participation and the generation of new economic activity. The
United States must continue to welcome new arrivals and help those who are
already here; otherwise, the country will lose the advantages it has over other
industrialized countries that compete against us in the global marketplace and
seek to recruit from a vast pool of unskilled and skilled global workers.
(https://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/Write_in_English/WL14_persuasive_parag)
5
What I Have Learned
Activity 3: Generalization
1. In what way can I make use of connectors?
2. What are the four types of texts? How can I identify each?
What I Can Do
2. There are similarities and differences of the Philippine and American good manner.
Both types of behavior aim to put them at ease. Both intend to show sincerity and
goodwill. However, the Americans are frank, open and straightforward and the
Filipinos are timid, verbose, and over polite. The Americans consider loud laughing
and hand shaking vigorously but Filipinos consider these actions as a breach of
etiquette. On the other hand, the Filipino offers his guests the most delicious food at
the best accommodation at home. The Filipinos are well known for their hospitality.
They display their simplicity and humility in action and speech. (p.174, Improving Study,
Thinking, Reading, and Writing Skills for College Freshmen by Cabrera,L., et.al)
6
3. Sitting at the kitchen table, 32-year-old Caroline was distraught. She had just
learned that her older sister, Susan, 46, had a mild stroke while teaching in her
classroom. Less than two months before, their father died of high blood pressure.
And in 1982, Carol’s mother succumbed to arterial clogging and heart failure at age
65. Carol’s mind raced. Was her whole family destined to die of hypertension? (p.137,
Improving Study, Thinking, Reading, and Writing Skills for College Freshmen by Cabrera,L., et.al)
Text type ___________________
4. Tea is a drink for its taste, but at the same time it is a healthy drink that is so
beneficial to the human body that it is used as medicine. Tea is a great help in
strengthening the body, the most important part of a healthy life. Not only that, but
the devotion and rules of etiquette that accompany the steeping, drinking, and
serving of tea, as well as the calm, quiet atmosphere, provide an environment for
gaining enlightenment.
(p.151, English Expressways 11 by Bermudez, V., et.al)
Text type ___________________
5. The students play a big role in saving our environment. It starts at home: the students
should not forget to segregate the trash in the waste basket, before having the
garbage collector collect it. Then, while at school, the students should participate
actively in symposia and other similar activities organized by other students who, like
them, advocate a clean and healthy environment. Lastly, before going home, the
students should make a pledge to protect the environment whenever possible. Truly,
when future is at stake, the whole student body could really help a lot.
(p.199, English Expressways 11 by Bermudez, V., et.al)
Text type __________________
7
Lesson
What’s I
What’s In
Review on Scanning
In Lesson 1, you have learned about scanning. Let us review what scanning
is.
Scanning is reading a text quickly in order to find specific information,
e.g. figures or names. (https://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/article/scanning)
Study the figure below. Which of the examples have you done as a student?
list of flight
movies schedule
now
showing
scanning exam
schedule
page
number of
for
assigned a/an...
topic
word
phone meaning in
number in a dictionary
a directory
What’s New
Skimming
8
This reading technique enables the reader to move quickly over the
material in order to get an idea of its subject matter without having to pay
close attention to details. By skimming or quickly running thru the selection or
parts of it, you can preview or survey the text, select what is relevant and set
these aside for further study. (p.14, Improving Study, Thinking, Reading and Writing
Skills for College Freshmen by Cabrera, et.al)
1. Read the title, subtitles, subheading to find out what the text is about.
2. Look at the illustrations to give you further information about the story.
3. Read the first and last sentence of every paragraph.
4. Don’t read every word or every sentence. Let your eyes skim over the text, taking
in keywords.
5. Continue to think about the meaning of the text.
Passage 1
Despite the hatred that most people feel toward cockroaches, they do help
humans in several ways. For example, they are perfect experimental animals
and are used for scientific research in the laboratory. Breeding them is easy,
for they thrive under almost any conditions. In studies on nutrition and food,
cockroaches are good subjects because they will eat any kind of food. They
can be used to study heart disease, and cancer researchers work with
roaches because they grow cancerous tumors like those that are found in
humans.
(https://www.proprofs.com/discuss/q/756098/located-despite-cockroaches-experimental)
Passage 2
Logging is one of the country’s top dollar earners. Millions of board feet
of hard wood are exported yearly to Japan, the United States, Europe,
and the Middle East. As a result, millions of dollars pour into the
national treasury. Many Filipino logging businessmen also get rich.
However, in the process of logging, forests are denuded. Life, property
and crops are lost due to flash floods. (p.179, Improving Study, Thinking, Reading
and Writing Skills for College Freshmen by Cabrera, L., et.al)
9
Passage 3
Digestion begins as soon as food is taken into the mouth. The food is
masticated by the teeth and moistened with saliva which contains a
substance called ptyalin. While food is still in the mouth, ptyalin acts upon
complex molecules of starches, breaking them into simple sugars. The effect
of ptyalin may continue inside a ball of food for some time after the food is
swallowed. Then, the food reaches the stomach. It passes through the
pharynx and down the esophagus. Peristalsis, the wavelike movements of the
esophagus muscles, forces food into the stomach. (p.61, Ventures in
Communication by Flores, M., et.al)
What Is It
Main Idea
The main idea is the central, or most important idea in a paragraph or passage. It
states the purpose and sets the direction of the paragraph or passage.
⮚ The main idea may be stated or it may be implied.
⮚ When the main idea of a paragraph is stated, it is most often found in the first
sentence of the paragraph. However, the main idea may be found in any
sentence of the paragraph.
⮚ The main idea may be stated in the first sentence of a paragraph and then be
repeated or restated at the end of the paragraph.
⮚ The main idea may be split. The first sentence of a paragraph may present a
point of view, while the last sentence presents a contrasting or opposite view.
⮚ To find the main idea of any paragraph or passage, ask these questions:
• Who or what is the paragraph about?
•What aspect or idea about the ‘who’ or ‘what’ is the author concerned with?
(https://www.mdc.edu/Kendall/collegeprep/documents2/MAIN%20IDEASrevised815.pdf)
It is often said that lightning never strikes twice in the same place, but this isn’t
true. Go ask the forest rangers. Rangers who spend their summers as fire-
fighters will tell you that every thundershower brings several bolts of lightning to
their lookout stations.
Passage 2
10
Costs were low that year and the output high. There was a good person for each
job and the market remained firm. There were no losses from fire. All in all, it was
the best years in the history of the company.
Passage 3
There are great numbers of deer around here. This whole area is a great country
for hunters and fishermen. There are bears, mountain lions, and coyotes. To the
east there are streams full of trout, and there are ducks and geese.
Passage 4
Advertising affects our lives every day. Brand names are common household
words. We start each day using the toothpaste, soap, and breakfast foods
promoted by advertisers. Ads have made the cars we drive signs of our success.
Our choices of food, dress, and entertainment are swayed by ads. Not one of
American life is untouched by advertising.
Passage 5
Penicillin is one of the greatest of the wonder drugs. It has saved thousands of
lives already and will save many more in the future. Unfortunately, it has no effect
at all on most of the ills of mankind. Penicillin is a very good drug, but it is
certainly not a cure-all.
(https://www.mdc.edu/Kendall/collegeprep/documents2/MAIN%20IDEASrevised815.pdf)
What’s More
Direction: Skim through the following long passages for five minutes. Then
answer the questions that follow.
Passage 1
Americans have always been interested in their Presidents’ wives. Many First
Ladies have been remembered because of the ways they have influenced their
husbands. Other First Ladies have made the history books on their own.
11
At least two First Ladies, Bess Truman and Lady Bird Johnson, made it their
business to send signals during their husbands’ speeches. When Lady Bird
Johnson thought her husband was talking too long, she wrote a note and sent it
up to the platform. It read, “it’s time to stop!” And he did. Once Bess Truman
didn’t like what her husband was saying on television, so she phoned him and
said, “If you can’t talk more politely than that in public, you come right home.”
Abigail Fillmore and Eliza Johnson actually taught their husbands, Millard
Fillmore and Andrew Johnson, the thirteenth and seventeenth Presidents. A
schoolteacher, Abigail eventually married her pupil, Millard. When Eliza Johnson
married Andrew, he could not read or write, so she taught him herself.
It was First Lady Helen Taft’s idea to plant famous cherry trees in
Washington, D.C. Each spring these blossoming trees attract thousands of
visitors to the nation’s capital. Mrs. Taft also influenced the male members of her
family and the White House staff in a strange way: she convinced them to shave
off their beards!
Shortly after President Woodrow Wilson suffered a stroke, Edith Wilson
unofficially took over most of the duties of the Presidency until the end of her
husband’s term. Earlier, during World War 1, Mrs. Wilson had sheep brought onto
the White House lawn to eat the grass. The sheep not only kept the lawn mowed,
but provided wool for an auction sponsored by the First Lady. Almost $ 100,000
was raised for the Red Cross.
Dolly Madison saw to it that a magnificent painting of George Washington
was not destroyed during the War of 1812. As the British marched toward
Washington, D.C., she remained behind to rescue the painting, even after the
guards had left. The painting is the only object from the original White House that
was not burned.
One of the most famous First Ladies was Eleanor Roosevelt, the wife of
President Franklin D. Roosevelt. She was active in political and social causes
throughout her husband’s tenure in office. After his death, she became famous
for her humanitarian work in the United Nations. She made life better for
thousands of needy people around the world.
(http://cs.engr.uky.edu/~cheng/GMAT/GMAT_reading2.html)
Passage 2
Of the many kinds of vegetables grown all over the world, which remains the
favorite of young and old alike? The potato, of course.
Perhaps you know them as “taters”, “spuds”, or “Kennebees”, or as “chips”, “Idahoes”
or even “shoestrings”. No matter, a potato by any other name is still a potato – the
world’s most widely grown vegetable. As a matter of fact, if you are an average
potato eater, you will put away at least 100 pounds of them each year.
That’s only a tiny portion of the amount grown each year, however. Worldwide, the
annual potato harvest is over 6 billion bags. Each bag contains 100 pounds of
potatoes, some of them as large as four pounds each. Here in the United States,
farmers fill about 400 million bags a year. That may seem like a lot of “taters”, but it
12
leaves the United States a distant third among world potato growers. Polish farmers
dig up just 800 million bags a year, while the Russians lead the world with nearly 1.5
billion bags.
The first potatoes were grown by the Incas of South America, more than 400 years
ago. Their descendants in Ecuador and Chile continue to grow the vegetable as high
as 14,000 feet up in the Andes Mountains. (That’s higher than any other food will
grow.) Early Spanish and English explorers shipped potatoes to Europe and they
found their way to North America in the early 1600s.
People eat potatoes in many ways – baked, mashed, and roasted, to name just
three. However, in the United States most potatoes are devoured in the form of
French fries. One fast-food chain alone sells more than $1 billion worth of fries each
year. No wonder, then, that the company pays particular attention to the way its fries
are prepared.
Before any fry makes it to the people who eat at these popular restaurants, it must
pass many separate tests. Fail any one of these tests and the potato is rejected. To
start with, only Russet Burbank potatoes are used. These Idaho potatoes have less
water content than other kinds, which can have as much as 80 percent water. Once
into “shoestrings” shapes, the potatoes are partly fried in a secret blend of oils,
sprayed with liquid sugar to brown them, steam dried at high heat, then flash frozen
for shipment to individual restaurants.
Before shipping, every shoestring is measured. Forty percent of a batch must be
between two and three inches long. Another 40 percent has to be over three inches.
What about the 20 percent that are left in the batch? Well, a few short fries in a bag
are okay, it seems.
So, now that you realize the enormous size and value of the potato crop, you can
understand why most people agree that this part of the food industry is so “small
potatoes”. (http://cs.engr.uky.edu/~cheng/GMAT/GMAT_reading2.html)
Activity 4: Generalization
13
_________________________________________________________________
What I Can Do
1. The food guide pyramid shows the five basic food groups. When choosing
what to eat, you should think about these food groups. The food groups
are Bread, Cereal, Rice, and Pasta; Vegetable; Fruit; Milk, Yogurt, and
Cheese; and Meat, Poultry, Fish, Dry Beans, Eggs, and Nuts. The best
way to plan a balanced diet is to choose a variety of foods from each of
the five food groups. (p.49, Total Reading 6 by American Education Publishing)
A. The food guide pyramid shows the five basic food groups.
B. When choosing what to eat, you should think about these food groups.
C. The best way to plan a balanced diet is to choose a variety of foods
from each of the five food groups.
2. The fact that electronic computers are now used for data processing has
led the general public to believe that it is a mysterious, complicated
science and that the computers are giant brains. Both of these ideas are
false. A computer is basically just a high-speed adding machine that
performs the functions it is told to. If the input data are varied even a little,
the computer is unable to operate until it is programmed to accept the
variations. The business operations it performs are impressive only
because of the extremely high speed of manipulation, but most of these
operations have been used for decades. Unlike man, the computer
performs repetitive calculations without getting tired or bored.
14
Spanish, probably with the approval of Napoleon. The land that was
bought was rich in timber, minerals, and natural resources of many kinds.
Finally, the cost of the transaction was unbelievably low; the total of $15
million amounted to about four cents an acre.
A. The Louisiana Purchase was a very good business deal for the U.S.
B. The land bought by the Louisiana Purchase was rich in minerals.
C. The land bought by the Louisiana Purchase was very cheap.
D. Most Americans was pleased with the purchase.
4. There is a common belief that while the dog is man’s best friend, the
coyote is his worst enemy. The bad reputation of the coyote traces back
to his fondness for small animals; he hunts at night and is particularly
destructive to sheep, young pigs, and poultry. Yet it is sometimes wise to
encourage coyotes. Provided valuable farm animals are protected, the
coyote will often free the property of other animals, like rabbit, which are
ruinous to crops and certain trees. He is especially beneficial in keeping
down the rodent population. Where coyotes have been allowed to do their
work without molestation, ranchers and fruit growers have found them so
valuable that they would no more shoot them than would shoot their dogs.
5. In earlier days those who had overseas business which they believed
should be discussed personally, took ship and set out across the briny
deep. Once aboard they transacted their affairs, engaging in commercial
and social matters or conducting government business. Today ships and
passengers continue to sail the seven seas, and airplanes soar overhead.
But above them all, words speed through the sky – telephone
conversations quickly bring together in most personal fashion people who
are separated by thousands of miles.
A. Overseas telephone service today is ruling out all need for overseas
travel.
B. Nothing can take the place of person-to-person conversation in
settling business, social, and government problems.
C. Many conversations which once required overseas travel can now be
conducted by telephone.
D. Even with modern overseas telephone service people continue to
travel abroad by ship or by plane.
(https://www.mdc.edu/Kendall/collegeprep/documents2/MAIN
%20IDEASrevised815.pdf)
15
Lesson
3
Lesson
Reading for One’s Purpose
What’s In
Comparing Scanning and Skimming
scanning skimming
specific relevant
information ideas
16
What’s New
Speed Reading is fast, silent reading. In doing this, readers will have
to expand their vision to read and understand several words at a glance. This
type of reading requires reading horizontally and vertically simultaneously to
take in as many words as one can and create a meaning out of it by piecing
them together.
The studio was filled with the rich odor of roses, and when the light summer
5 10 15
wind stirred amidst the trees of the garden, there came through the open door
20 25
the heavy scent of the lilac, or the more delicate perfume of the pink-
flowering
30 35 40
thorn. From the corner of the divan of Persian saddle-bags on which he was
45 50 55
lying, smoking, as was his custom, innumerable cigarettes, Lord Henry
Wotton
60 65
could just catch the gleam of the honey-sweet and honey-colored blossoms of
70 75
80
a laburnum, whose tremulous branches seemed hardly able to bear the
burden
85 90
of a beauty so flamelike as theirs; and now and then the fantastic shadows of
95 100 105
birds in flight flitted across the long tussore-silk curtains that were stretched
in
110 115
120
front of the huge window, producing a kind of momentary Japanese effect,
and
125 130
making him think of those pallid, jade-faced painters of Tokyo who, through
135 140 145
the medium of an art that is necessarily immobile, seek to convey the sense
of
150 155
160
swiftness and motion. The sullen murmur of the bees shouldering their way
165 170
through the long unmown grass, or circling with monotonous insistence round
175 180
the dusty gilt horns of the straggling woodbine, seemed to make the stillness
17
185 190 195
more oppressive. The dim roar of London was like the bourdon note of a
distant
200 205 210
organ. In the center of the room, clamped to an upright easel, stood the full-
210 215 220
Questions to answer:
2. After reading, did you remember any detail of what you have read?
Yes______ No______
3. Did you understand well what you read? Yes _____ No _____
4. In your own thinking, in what way would you be able to improve your
speed in reading? _______________________________________
18
What is it
19
What’s More
Improve Your Speed Reading
Speed reading is normally done at a rate of around 400-700 wpm. Anything
above 500-600 wpm means sacrificing comprehension, although this varies from
person to person. (https://www.mindtools.com/speedrd.html)
Know what you want from the text. This can be useful if you are using the skimming
method, as it primes you to pay attention when you see relevant words, sentences or
phrases. You can then slow down at these points, or circle them for emphasis, but otherwise
move across the page quickly.
Practice, practice, practice. You have to practice speed reading to get good at it. The more
you train yourself, the more natural it will feel. (https://www.mindtools.com/speedrd.html)
20
Toad was furious. “You just don’t want me to eat with you!” he cried.
“You know very well that I must use my paws and forelegs in hopping about. I
cannot help it if they get a bit dirty between the water jar and the table.”
Grasshopper responded, “You are the one who started it yesterday.
You know I cannot rub my forelegs together without making a noise.”
From then on, they were no longer friends.
(https://www.worldoftales.com/African_folktales/African_Folktale_6.html)
Questions to answer:
What’s More
Activity 3: Speed Reading with Comprehension
Directions: Read the following passage and answer the questions that
follow.
Metal Detectors
Have you ever been to the beach? Did you see a man with a headset
pointing a long pole at the ground? If so you might have seen a person using
a metal detector. People use these devices to find metal.
Metal detectors make magnetic waves. These waves go through the
ground. The waves change when they hit metal. Then the device beeps. This
lets the person with the device know that metal is close.
The first metal detectors were meant to help miners. They were big.
They cost a lot of money. They used a lot of power. And worst of all, they
didn't work well. People kept trying to make them better.
Metal detectors got smaller. Now they are light and cheap. They also
work better. That is why people bring them to the beach. They can look for
rings in the water. They can look for phones in the sand. Metal detectors help
them find these things. They usually just find junk though.
21
Metal detectors also protect people. They help to keep guns out of
some places. They are in airports. They are in courthouses. Some schools
use them. They help guards look for weapons. Guards use special wands to
find metal on a person.
These devices save lives in other ways too. During wars, people plant
bombs in the ground. When the war ends, they don't clean up their messes.
This is unsafe for the people who live in those places. Others use metal
detectors to find bombs. They remove them and help the people.
These devices also make clothes safer. It sounds funny, but it's true.
Most clothes are made in big factories. There are lots of needles in these
places. Needles break from time to time. They get stuck in the clothes. They
would poke people trying them on. They don't though. That's because our
clothes are scanned for metal. Isn't that nice? Let's hear it for metal detectors.
They make the world a safer place.
(https://www.ereadingworksheets.com/reading-comprehension-
worksheets/nonfiction-rea)
Questions:
1. Which was not one of the problems with the first metal detectors?
a. They were too big. b. They were too expensive.
c. They didn't work well. d. They were unsafe.
5. According to the text, metal detectors have been used in all of the following
except which?
a. schools b. churches
22
c. courthouses d. airports
10. Which title would best describe the purpose of this text?
a. A Day at the Beach: Using Your Metal Detector to Find Things
b. Metal Detectors: Complete the Story of Their Invention
c. Magnetism and More: How a Metal Detector Works
d. Metal Detectors: What They Do and How We Use Them
23
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________
2. Speed reading is necessary when
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
3. Speed reading is not necessary when
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
4. I can improve my speed by ____________________________________________
What I Can do
Directions: Read the material for one minute. Then, answer the
comprehension questions that follow.
Questions:
1. Aspirin is a _____.
24
3. Aspirin can _____.
Intensive Reading to
43
Lesson
Lesso
4
Determine the Author’s
25
33 Purpose
3
4
n
What’s In
Reading Techniques
3 4
1 2
speed intensive
scanning skimming
reading reading
What’s New
Activity 1. Simple Recall
Directions: Supply the information base from the previous lesson.
26
_____________
scanning
______________
_____________
skimming
________________
speed _______________
reading ________________
understanding
intensive information
reading organizing of ideas
interpreting reading
What is it
Intensive Reading
Intensive Reading
Example 3
Example 1 Example 2
Scanning jumbled paragraphs
Reading a short text and Skimming a text for specific
and reading them carefully to
putting events from it into information to answer true or
put them into the correct
chronological order false statements or filling gaps
order
27
(Source of Text: https://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/article/intensive-reading)
What’s More
Author’s Purpose:
1. To persuade
Written to convince you to change your thinking, spend money,
support a cause, or offer a solution to a problem
28
Examples:
advertisements/commercials literature
Political speeches Opinion editorials
Church sermon Movie or book reviews
2. To inform
Written to give information or describe something. Authors use facts
and reasons to get the point across.
Examples:
Textbooks News articles informational brochures
Encyclopedias schedules charts/graphs
Instructions
3. To entertain
Written to interest the reader, or appeal to emotions such as
pleasure, sadness, anger, or humor.
Examples:
Fiction books and other stories plays and movies
Comic strips video games
Sports articles or programs showbiz news bits
4. To express
Written to share a writer’s feelings or express opinions.
Examples:
Poetry songs blogs love letters
Journals diaries letters to editors
(https://www.slideshare.net/libraryyard/authors-purpose-18704746 )
Directions: Read the descriptions of each item and determine the author’s
purpose (to entertain, persuade, or inform). Then, in a sentence or two,
explain your answer.
1. A pamphlet urging people not to eat animals or use products made from
animals or animal suffering because the author thinks that is cruel and
unnecessary
Author’s Purpose:
_______________________________________________________
29
Explain Your Answer:
Write a sentence or two.
Author’s Purpose:
_______________________________________________________
3. A cook book containing recipes for making cakes, cookies, and other
desserts
Author’s Purpose:
_______________________________________________________
4. The story of a young woman who, after the death of her grandfather, quit
her job in the business world and returned home to help her aging
grandmother
Author’s Purpose:
_______________________________________________________
30
Author’s Purpose:
_______________________________________________________
Author’s Purpose:
_______________________________________________________
Author’s Purpose:
_______________________________________________________
8. The Shakespearean tragedy Romeo and Juliet, where two young lovers
are forbidden from seeing one another due to a centuries old blood feud
between their two families
Author’s Purpose:
_______________________________________________________
31
9. A young girl’s note to her parents giving reasons why they should buy a
puppy
Author’s Purpose:
_______________________________________________________
10. A website describing a local dog leash ordinance, detailing its history and
the penalties for walking around with one’s dog unleashed
Author’s Purpose:
_______________________________________________________
(https://www.oercommons.org/authoring/6283-author-s-purpose/view)
What I Can do
32
Activity 5: Read the selection. Do the activities that follow.
The Last Flower
(A Parable)
James Thurber
World War XII, as everyone knows, brought about the collapse of civilization.
Towns, cities, and villages disappeared. All the groves and forests were
destroyed, and all the gardens, and all the works of art. Men, women, and
children became lower than the animals. Discouraged and disillusioned, dogs
deserted their fallen masters. Books, paintings and music disappeared from
the earth, and human beings just sat around doing nothing. Years went by.
Even the few generals who were left forgot what the last war had decided.
Boys and girls grew up to stare at each other blankly. Love had passed from
the Earth.
One day, a young girl who had never seen a flower chanced to come upon
the last one in the world. She told the other human beings that the last flower
was dying. The only one who paid any attention to her was a young man.
Together, the young man and the girl nurtured the flower and it began to live
again. One day, a bee visited the flower, and a hummingbird. Before long,
there were two flowers, and then a great many. Groves and forests flourished
again. The young girl began to take interest in how she looked. The young
man discovered that touching the girl was pleasurable. Love was reborn into
the world.
The children of the young man and the girl grew up strong and healthy. They
learned to run and laugh. Dogs came out of their exile. The young man
discovered how to build a shelter. Pretty soon everybody was building
shelters. Towns, cities, and villages sprung up. Song came back into the
world, and troubadours and jugglers, tailors and cobblers, painters and poets
and sculptors, and soldiers and Lieutenants and Captains, and Generals and
Major Generals, and liberators. Some people went to one place to live, and
some to another. Before long, those who went to the valleys wished they had
gone to live in the hills. And those who had to live in the hills wished they had
gone to live in the valleys. The liberators, under the guidance of God, set fire
to the discontented. So presently, the world was at war again. This time, the
destruction was so complete that nothing at all was left in the world, except
one man, one woman, and one flower.
(http://www.arvindguptatoys.com/arvindgupta/thurberlastflower.pdf)
______ 4. The girl and the young man found the flower.
______ 6. The girl and the young man took care of the flower.
33
______ 7. World War XII was so destructive that only two people were left in
the world.
______ 8. After World War XII, all works of art disappeared from the earth.
______ 9. World War XIII came right after World War XII.
______ 10. After the blooming of the last flower came love and laughter.
4. The author gives us events in the future. How does he make them seem real?
5. What do you think of the story? What has the author succeeded in doing?
C. The story can be divided into three parts. What are they? Retell the story in
your own words.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
SUMMARY
This Module comprises four (4) Lessons namely: scanning for logical connectors,
skimming to determine text types, reading for one’s purpose and intensive reading to
determine the author’s purpose. As you have finished the lessons, you have learned four
techniques in reading – scanning, skimming, speed reading and intensive reading. These
techniques call for comprehension. It does not mean to say that you have finished Module 1
then you are finished with reading. This is the first base to many more readings in the future.
It is important that you are comfortable with reading activities and be interested in reading to
master the skill in Reading Comprehension.
Assessment: (Post-Test)
34
Multiple Choice
Directions: Read the given situation in each number. Choose the most correct
answer as you skim or scan in the given situation.
1. You're skimming a book called "Plant Life" to see if it would be a good source for you
research paper on how flowers grow. Where would you look to see if it has the info
you need?
A. the title C. the table of contents
B. the cover D. the first paragraph
2. It's time to pick a book for silent reading time. You have a stack of novels in front of
you. What is the best thing to look at to decide if the book will interest you?
A. the title C. the first sentence or paragraph
B. the list of chapters D. the index
3. You're interested in learning more about dogs, but you don't want a boring book full
of text. What is the best part of the book to look at to see if it will interest you?
A. the title C. table of contents
B. the cover D. the pictures
4. You’re skimming a newspaper to find the comics section. What is the best thing to look
at to find the section you want?
A. the section headings C. the headlines
B. the pictures D. the index
5. You're reading a short story and want to quickly determine what it is about.
What is the best thing to look at?
A. the title
B. the first and last sentence of each paragraph
C. dialogue
D. the author
Directions: Choose the word from the box that corresponds to the description of
each number. Write the word in the space before each number.
35
__________11. This type of texts furnishes you with relevant facts and figures
but do not include their opinion.
__________14. This type of texts tells a story. The author creates different
characters and tell you what happens to them.
__________17. The author’s purpose to give facts and reasons to get the point
across.
Passage
You need a balanced diet to stay healthy. A balanced diet provides the amount of
nutrients your body needs every day. By eating lots of different foods, you will get
the nutrients you require to stay healthy. If you don’t eat properly, your immune
system becomes weak and you easily get sick. So, you better eat to stay healthy.
A. eating foods
B. the importance of a balanced diet
C. planning your diet
D. different foods
Key Answers
36
Pre-Test
Post-Test
C 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. B
To persuade
To inform
To entertain
To entertain
To inform
Expository
Descriptive
Persuasive
Narrative
LESSON 1
Activity 1
Activity 2
37
Activity 3
Connectors join two separate sentences.
Connectors help to arrange ideas
Text Type: Narrative
Paragraph 4
Underlined connector: but at the same time, not
only that, but, as well as 38
Text Type: Expository
Paragraph 5
Underlined Connector: before, then, lastly
39
Activity 5
A 2. A 3. A 4. A
5. C
LESSON 3
Activity 1
(Answer will vary as it requires individual experience.)
Activity 2
The Grasshopper and the Toad
To entertain
Grasshopper and toad
The toad and the grasshopper who used to
be friends ended up as enemy.
Accept your friends the way they are.
(Consider other answer within the context.)
Activity 3
d 6. b
b 7. c
c 8. d
a 9. d
b 10. D
Activity 4
Speed reading is fast silent reading.
Speed reading is necessary when you need
only the basic argument or conclusions.
Speed reading is not necessary when you
are reading legal or technical document or if you are
reading a new or unfamiliar material.
Speed reading can be improved by constant
practice.
Activity 5
C 5. A
B
A
A
LESSON 4
Activity 2
spring, summer, autumn, winter
Spring dawn is most beautiful.
In 40
summer, the moon shines; on
dark nights fireflies fly to and fro.
In autumn, when the sun has set,
one’s heart is moved by the sound of the wind and
REFERENCES
Books
American Education Publishing. 2008.Total Reading 6. School Specialty
Children’s Publishing.
41
Bermudez, Cruz, Nery, and SanJuan. 2012. English Expressways 11. Quezon
City, Philippines: SD Publications, Inc.
Cabrera and De Asis. 2008. Improving Study, Thinking, Reading and Writing
Skills for College Freshmen. Manila, Philippines: Bookstore Publishing
Corporation.
Flores, Dela Cruz and Ladera. 2008. Ventures in Communication.Quezon
City, Philippines: Rex Bookstore, Inc.
Websites
www.freereadingtest.com
Links
African Folktales – “The Grasshopper and the Toad”, Accessed April 19, 2020
https://www.worldoftales.com/African_folktales/African_Folktale_6.html
Amy Chua, “Example of Expository Essay in Literature”, Accessed June 02,
2020
https://literarydevices.net/narrative-essay/
Author’s Purpose – Slide Share
https://www.slideshare.net/libraryyard/authors-purpose-18704746
42
Logical connectors accessed June 15, 2020
https://blog.abaenglish.com/paragraph-connectors-in-english
Main idea worksheets – Easy Teacher Worksheets, Accessed June 03, 2020
https://www.easyteacherworksheets.com/langarts/mainideas.html
https://www.mdc.edu/Kendall/collegeprep/documents2/MAIN
%20IDEASrevised815.pdf
(Paragraphs used for Lesson I Activity 2), Accessed June 02, 2020
https://www.eslprintables.com/powerpoint.asp?id=69990
https://www.chickensoup.com/book-story/54410/attitude-is-everything
https://bvcoend.ac.in/images/upload/BVP_Vidyapeeths_Colle_of_Engineerin
g_New_Delhi_60510613907866FILE38623UPLOAD56435731556253485.pd
f
www.oocities.org/whoelseisgreat/Examples_of_Expository_and_Narrative_Te
xts.doc
Taj Mahal – UNESCO World Heritage Center, Accessed June 02, 2020
https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/252/
The Last Flower
http://www.arvindguptatoys.com/arvindgupta/thurberlastflower.pdf
43
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