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ANOVA Sample Assignment

This document provides a statistical analysis to test the null hypothesis that the means of three populations are equal versus the alternative that at least two means are not equal, using a one-way ANOVA. It demonstrates that the total sum of squares (SST) equals the sum of squares between groups (SSB) plus the sum of squares within groups (SSW). It then computes SST, SSB, and SSW from sample data and constructs an ANOVA table. The F-statistic is less than the critical value, so there is not enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis that the population means are equal.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
186 views2 pages

ANOVA Sample Assignment

This document provides a statistical analysis to test the null hypothesis that the means of three populations are equal versus the alternative that at least two means are not equal, using a one-way ANOVA. It demonstrates that the total sum of squares (SST) equals the sum of squares between groups (SSB) plus the sum of squares within groups (SSW). It then computes SST, SSB, and SSW from sample data and constructs an ANOVA table. The F-statistic is less than the critical value, so there is not enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis that the population means are equal.
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© © All Rights Reserved
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QUES 1:-

Consider the following (small integers, indeed for illustration while saving space) random
samples from three different populations.

With the null hypothesis:


H0: µ1 = µ2 = µ3,
and the alternative:
Ha: at least two of the means are not equal.

At the significance level = 0.05, the critical value from F-table is
F 0.05, 2, 12 = 3.89.

  Sum Mean
Sample P1 2 3 1 3 1 10
Sample P2 3 4 3 5 0 15
Sample P3 5 5 5 3 2 20

Demonstrate that, SST=SSB+SSW.


That is, the sum of squares total (SST) equals sum of squares between (SSB) the groups
plus sum of squares within (SSW) the groups.

And check whether Null Hypothesis is true.

ANS:-

Computation of sample SST: With the grand mean = 3, first, start with taking the difference
between each observation and the grand mean, and then square it for each data point.

  Sum
Sample P1 1 0 4 0 4 9
Sample P2 0 1 0 4 9 14
Sample P3 4 4 4 0 1 13

Therefore SST = 36 with d.f = (n-1) = 15-1 = 14

Computation of sample SSB:

Second, let all the data in each sample have the same value as the mean in that sample. This
removes any variation WITHIN. Compute SS differences from the grand mean.

  Sum
Sample P1 1 1 1 1 1 5
Sample P2 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sample P3 1 1 1 1 1 5

Therefore SSB = 10, with d.f = (m-1)= 3-1 = 2 for m=3 groups.

Computation of sample SSW:


Third, compute the SS difference within each sample using their own sample means. This
provides SS deviation WITHIN all samples.

  Sum
Sample P1 0 1 1 1 1 4
Sample P2 0 1 0 4 9 14
Sample P3 1 1 1 1 4 8

SSW = 26 with d.f = 3(5-1) = 12. That is, 3 groups times (5 observations in each -1)

Results are: SST = SSB + SSW, and d.fSST = d.fSSB + d.fSSW, as expected.

Now, construct the ANOVA table for this numerical example by plugging the results of your
computation in the ANOVA Table. Note that, the Mean Squares are the Sum of squares divided
by their Degrees of Freedom. F-statistics is the ratio of the two Mean Squares.

The ANOVA Table


Sources of Variation Sum of Squares Degrees of Freedom Mean Squares F-Statistic
Between Samples 10 2 5 2.30
Within Samples 26 12 2.17  
Total 36 14    

Conclusion: There is not enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis H 0.

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