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Introduction To R: # Creating A Vector of Numbers

This document introduces basic operations in R including creating and manipulating vectors, matrices, and accessing elements. It demonstrates how to create vectors of numbers, add and multiply vectors, check their length. It also shows how to create matrices by filling columns or rows first, perform addition and multiplication of matrices, and access single elements or subsets of rows and columns of a matrix. Basic functions like ls, rm, matrix, and dim are also explained.

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RiturajPaul
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23 views3 pages

Introduction To R: # Creating A Vector of Numbers

This document introduces basic operations in R including creating and manipulating vectors, matrices, and accessing elements. It demonstrates how to create vectors of numbers, add and multiply vectors, check their length. It also shows how to create matrices by filling columns or rows first, perform addition and multiplication of matrices, and access single elements or subsets of rows and columns of a matrix. Basic functions like ls, rm, matrix, and dim are also explained.

Uploaded by

RiturajPaul
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to R

Soumya Roy
# Creating a Vector of Numbers
x<-c(1,2,3,4)
x

## [1] 1 2 3 4

# Creating Two Vectors


x<-c(1,2,3)
x

## [1] 1 2 3

y<-c(4,5,6)
y

## [1] 4 5 6

# Length of a Vector
length(x)

## [1] 3

length(y)

## [1] 3

# Addition of Two Vectors


x+y

## [1] 5 7 9

# Multiplication by a Constant Number


c<-2
c*x

## [1] 2 4 6

c*y

## [1] 8 10 12

# Looking at a list of all of the objects


ls()

## [1] "c" "x" "y"


# Deleting the variable
rm(x,y)

# Checking the list of current objects


ls()

## [1] "c"

# Deleting the variables


rm(list=ls())

# Creating a matrix of numbers


# R always fills the columns first
X<-matrix(c(1,2,3,4),nrow=2,ncol=2)
X

## [,1] [,2]
## [1,] 1 3
## [2,] 2 4

# Dimension of a Matrix
dim(X)

## [1] 2 2

# Creating a matrix of numbers by filling up the rows first


X<-matrix(c(1,2,3,4),nrow=2,ncol=2,byrow=T)
Y<-matrix(c(5,6,7,8),nrow=2,ncol=2,byrow=T)

# Addition of Two Matrices


A<-X+Y

# Multiplication of Two Matrices


Z<-X%*%Y

# Inverse of Matrix
I<-solve(X)

# Accessing elements of a matrix


A<-matrix(1:9,3,3)

# Accessing (1,3)-th element


A[1,3]

## [1] 7

# Accessing multiple rows


A[c(1,2),]
## [,1] [,2] [,3]
## [1,] 1 4 7
## [2,] 2 5 8

# Accessing multiple columns


A[,c(2,3)]

## [,1] [,2]
## [1,] 4 7
## [2,] 5 8
## [3,] 6 9

# Accessing Multiple Rows and Columns


A[c(1,2),c(2,3)]

## [,1] [,2]
## [1,] 4 7
## [2,] 5 8

# Deleting a particular row


A[-c(1),]

## [,1] [,2] [,3]


## [1,] 2 5 8
## [2,] 3 6 9

# Deleting a particular column


A[,-c(1)]

## [,1] [,2]
## [1,] 4 7
## [2,] 5 8
## [3,] 6 9

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