Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics 366 (2020) 112407

Contents lists available at ScienceDirect

Journal of Computational and Applied

Mathematics
journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/cam

On a system of q-Laplace transform of two variables with

applications
∗
Javid Ahmad Ganie , Renu Jain
School of Mathematics and Allied Sciences, Jiwaji University, Gwalior - 474011, India

article info a b s t r a c t

Article history: In this paper, we introduce the definition of double Laplace transform in q-calculus by
Received 30 June 2019 using the functions of several variables. Certain results on convergence, absolute conver-
Received in revised form 5 August 2019 gence, convolution and its properties were discussed. Later on, to illustrate this integral
transform several problems were discussed for the effectiveness and performance of
MSC:
33D05 the proposed method. Also, this paper surveys recent applications to solve generalized
33D60 diffusion, wave and space–time telegraphic equations.
35A22 © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
42A85

Keywords:
Quantum calculus
q-Laplace transform
q-Jackson integrals
q-derivatives
Convolution

1. Introduction

Integral transforms are very important tools in the different areas of science and technology, which have engaged many
researchers [1–8]. Integral transform method has been used in solving many problems in mathematical physics, applied
mathematics and engineering. As an application, the explicit Laplace transforms of the corresponding occupation time and
density for Brownian motion and occupation time over a finite interval and also occupation times for Levy process [7,9,10]
have been approached respectively. A French mathematician Pierre Simon Laplace introduced a well known integral
transform method known after his name Laplace transform [11]. This transform has property that it changes one signal
or function into another function according to some laws. Integral transforms are mathematical methods for the solution
of equation describing physical systems [12,13]. Integral transform is a main technique in signal processing, convolution,
Laplace and Fourier analysis [14]. The Laplace transform is a well established mathematical technique for solving dynamic
and delayed differential equations [8,15–17].
The Laplace transform of a function f (x) in [18] is defined by
∫ ∞
L{f (x)} = e−px f (x)dx, Re(p) > 0 (1)
0

and its inverse denoted by L−1 is defined by

∫ c +i∞
1
f (x) = L−1 {f¯ (p)} = epx f¯ (p)dp, c≥0
2π i c −i∞

∗ Corresponding author.
E-mail addresses: [email protected] (J.A. Ganie), [email protected] (R. Jain).

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cam.2019.112407
0377-0427/© 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
2 J.A. Ganie and R. Jain / Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics 366 (2020) 112407

In [19–21] the authors have defined q-analogue of well known Laplace transform by the q-Jackson [22] integrals by
∫ ∞
1
q Ls {f (t)} = eq (−st)f (t)dq t (2)
(1 − q) 0

A generalization of Laplace transform, i.e., two dimensional Laplace transform of function f (x, y) of two variables x and y
in the positive quadrant of xy-plane is defined in [6,23–26] by
∫ ∞ ∫ ∞
L2 [f (x, y)] = e−sx−ty f (x, y)dxdy (3)
0 0

and its inverse transform is defined by the complex double integral formula
∫ c +i∞ ∫ d+i∞
1 ¯ 1 1
2 [f (p, q)] = f (x, y) =
L− ¯ epx dp eqx f¯¯ (p, q)dq
2π i c −i∞ 2π i d−i∞

where this is analytic function for all p and q in the region defined by the inequalities Re(p) ≥ c and Re(q) ≥ d, where c
and d are real constants.
The paper is organized section wise. In Section 2, we present some basic definitions and results which are very essential
in the derivation of main results. In Section 3, we introduce the q̃-two dimensional Laplace transform gives some results
like, convergence, absolute convergence. In Section 4, we study the convolution product and in Section 4.1, we provide
some properties of q̃-Laplace transform. In Section 5, we give some examples to illustrate the main results. Finally, in
Section 6, the method has been applied to solve certain well-known partial differential equations.

2. Mathematical preliminaries

In this section, we summarize the basic definitions and mathematical notations used in this paper.
The q-shifted factorials for q ∈ (0, 1) and a ∈ C are defined as
n−1
∏
(a; q)0 = 1, (a; q)n = (1 − aqk ), n = 1, 2, . . .
k=0
∞
∏
(a; q)∞ = lim (a; q)n = (1 − aqk )
n→∞
k=0

Also we write
1 − qa (q; q)n
[a]q = , [a]q ! = , n ∈ N.
1−q (1 − q)n
The q−derivatives of a function f are given in [27] by
f (x) − f (qx)
(Dq f )(x) = , if x ̸ = 0
(1 − q)x
(Dq f )(0) = f ′ (0) provided f ′ (0) exists.
If f is differentiable, then (Dq f )(x) tends to f ′ (x) as q tends to 1. For n ∈ N, we have

D1q = Dq , (D+ 1 +
q ) = Dq

The q-derivative of product of two functions is defined as

Dq (f · g)(x) = g(x)Dq f (x) + f (qx)Dq g(x)

The q-integrals from 0 to a and from 0 to ∞ known as q-Jackson integrals are defined in [22] by
∫ a ∞
∑
f (x)dq x = (1 − q)a f (aqn )qn
0 n=0
∫ ∞ ∞
∑
f (x)dq x = (1 − q) f (qn )qn
0 n=−∞

provided these sums converge absolutely.

The integration by parts in terms of q-calculus is given by
∫ b ∫ b
g(x)Dq f (x)dq x = f (b)g(b) − f (a)g(a) − f (qx)Dq g(x)dq x (4)
a a
 J.A. Ganie and R. Jain / Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics 366 (2020) 112407 3

The q-analogues of the exponential functions are defined in [27,28] by

∞
zn
qn(n−1)/2
∑
Eqz = = (−(1 − q)z ; q)∞ ,
[n]q !
n=0
∞
∑ zn 1 1
ezq = = , |z | <
[n]q ! ((1 − q)z ; q)∞ 1−q
n=0

these q-exponentials are analogues of classical exponential functions and satisfy the relations

Dq ezq = ezq , Dq Eqz = Eqqz ,

and

ezq Eq−z = Eq−z ezq = 1

∫∞
F.H. Jackson has also defined in [29–36] the q-analogue of the classical gamma function Γ (t) = 0
xt −1 e−x dx by
(q; q)∞
Γq (t) = (1 − q)1−t , t ̸ = 0, −1, −2, . . . .
(qt ; q)∞
This also satisfies

Γq (t + 1) = [t ]q Γ (t), Γq (1) = 1, and lim Γq (t) = Γ (t), Re(t) > 0

q→1−

The Γq function has the q-integral representation as

∫ 1/(1−q) ∫ ∞/(1−q)
Γq (s) = t s−1 Eq−qt dq t = t s−1 Eq−qt dq t .
0 0

The q-integral representation of Γq based on q-exponential function exq and q-integral representation of q-beta function
are defined in [37] as follows:
For all s, t > 0, we have
∫ ∞/(1−q)
Γq (s) = Kq (s) xs−1 e− x
q dq x
0

and
∞
(−xqs+t ; q)∞
∫
Bq (t , s) = Kq (t) xt − 1 dq x
0 (−x; q)∞
(−q, −1; q)∞
where in [38] Kq (t) = .
(−qt , −q1−t ; q)∞
log(1 − q)
If ∈ Z, we obtain
log(q)
∫ ∞ ∫ ∞
Γq (s) = Kq (s) xs−1 e−x
q dq x = t s−1 Eq−qt dq t .
0 0

3. The q̃-two dimensional Laplace transform

Definition. Let q̃ = (q1 , q2 ) ∈ (0, 1), (s, t) ∈ C and f be a function of two variables x and y defined on Rq1 ,+ × Rq2 ,+ . Then
the q̃-two dimensional Laplace transform of f is defined by the double integral in the form
∫ ∞ ∫ ∞
1
Lq̃ (f )(s, t) = Lq̃ [f (x, y)](s, t) = eq−sx−ty f (x, y)dq xdq y (5)
(1 − q)2 0 0

provided the integral exists.

where Rq,+ = {qn , n ∈ Z} and
⎧
⎨[1 − (1 − q)x]1/1−q , 1
x for 0 < x < , q<1
e−
q = 1−q
⎩[1 − (q − 1)x]−1/q−1 , for x ≥ 0, q > 1

Remark. For suitable function f , Lq̃ (f )(s, t) = L2 (f )(s, t) when q̃ tends to (1, 1).
4 J.A. Ganie and R. Jain / Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics 366 (2020) 112407

3.1. Convergence of q̃-double Laplace transform

Theorem 1. Let f (x, y) be function of two variables continuous in Rq1 ,+ × Rq2 ,+ or continuous in the positive quadrant of
xy-plane. If the integral
∫ ∞ ∫ ∞
1
e−
q
sx−ty
f (x, y)dq xdq y (6)
(1 − q)2 0 0

converges at s = s0 and t = t0 then the integral (6) converges for s > s0 and t > t0

Proof. We proceed to prove this by using following lemma.

1 ∫∞ −ty
Lemma 1. If the integral 0
eq f (x, y)dq y converges at t = t0 , then this integral converges for t > t0 .
(1 − q)

1 ∫y − t0 v
Proof. Assume α (x, y) = 0
eq f (x, v )dq v 0 < t < ∞ clearly α (x, 0) = 0 and limt →∞ α (x, y) exists, because
(1 − q)
1 ∫ ∞ −ty
integral eq f (x, y)dq y converges at t = t0
(1 − q) 0
By fundamental theorem of calculus

1 − t0 y
αy (x, y) = eq f (x, y)
(1 − q)

Choose ϵ and R such that 0 < ϵ < R, then

∫ R ∫ R
1 1 t y
q f (x, y)dq y = q αy (x, y)(1 − q)eq dq y
ty ty
e− e− 0

(1 − q) ϵ (1 − q) ϵ
∫ R
−(t −t0 )y
= eq αy (x, y)dq y
ϵ
∫ R
−(t −t0 )y −(t −t0 )y
= eq α (x, qy)|Rϵ − α (x, qy)(−t + t0 )eq dq y
ϵ

by using Eq. (4)

∫ R
−(t −t0 )R −(t −t0 )ϵ −(t −t0 )y
= eq α (x, qR) − eq α (x, qϵ ) − (t − t0 ) α (x, qy)eq dq y
ϵ

Now let ϵ → 0 on both sides and

∫ R ∫ R
1 −(t −t0 )R −(t −t0 )y
q f (x, y)dq y = eq α (x, qR) − (t − t0 ) α (x, qy)eq
ty
e− dq y
(1 − q) 0 0

∵ α (x, 0) = 0
Again let R → ∞, if t > t0 the first term on right side approaches 0, then we have
∫ ∞ ∫ ∞
1 −(t −t0 )y
q f (x, y)dq y = −(t − t0 ) α (x, qy)eq for t > t0
ty
e− dq y
(1 − q) 0 0

this proves lemma if right side integral converges.

But by limit test obviously as y approaches ∞, i.e., limy→∞ α (x, y) = 0 = finite.
Therefore integral on right converges for t > t0 .
Hence
∫ ∞
q f (x, y)dq y conv erges for t > t0 .
ty
e−
0

∫ ∞ −sy ∫ ∞ tx
2. If integral ζ (x, s) = 0 eq f (x, y)dq y converges for s ≥ s0 and if 0 e−
q ζ (x, s)dq x converges at t = t0 , then
∫Lemma
∞ −tx
0
e q ζ (x , s)d q x converges for t > t 0 .
 J.A. Ganie and R. Jain / Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics 366 (2020) 112407 5

Proof. Same as above lemma.

Now proof of main theorem is as
∫ ∞ ∫ ∞ ∫ ∞ { ∫ ∞ }
1 1 1
e−
q
sx−ty
f (x, y)dq xdq y = e−
q
sx
q f (x, y)dq y dq x
e−ty
(7)
(1 − q)2 0 0 (1 − q) 0 (1 − q) 0
∫ ∞
1
q ζ (x, t)dq x
sx
= e−
(1 − q) 0

1 ∫∞ −ty
where ζ (x, t) = eq f (x, y)dq y, which converges by Lemma 2.
(1 − ∫q) 0
∞ −ty
And by Lemma 1, 0 eq f (x, y)dq y converges for t > t0 and for q ∈ (0, 1).
∴ the integral on right side of (7) converges for s > s0 , t > t0 .
1 ∫ ∞ ∫ ∞ −sx−ty
Hence, integral eq f (x, y)dq xdq y converges for s > s0 and t > t0 .
(1 − q)2 0 0

Corollary 1. If the integral (6) diverges at s = s0 and t = t0 , then the integral (6) diverges at s > s0 and t > t0 .

Corollary 2. The region of the convergence of the integral (6) is the positive quadrant of the xy-plane.

Theorem 2. If the integral (6) converges absolutely at s = s0 and t = t0 , then integral (6) converges absolutely for s ≥ s0 and
t ≥ t0

Proof. We can write

−s0 x
eq−sx−ty |f (x, y)| ≤ eq for s0 ≤ s < ∞, t0 ≤ t < ∞
Therefore
∫ ∞ ∫ ∞ ∫ ∞ ∫ ∞
1 1 −s0 x−t0 y
e−
q
sx−ty
|f (x, y)|dq xdq y ≤ eq |f (x, y)|dq xdq y
(1 − q)2 0 0 (1 − q)2 0 0

1 ∫ ∞ ∫ ∞ −s0 x−t0 y
from hypothesis eq |f (x, y)|dq xdq y converges for s > s0 and t > t0 .
(1 − q)2 0 0
Hence, (6) converges absolutely for s > s0 and t > t0 .

Theorem 3. If f (x, y) is a periodic function of periods h and k, that is f (x + h, y + k) = f (x, y) for all x and y and if Lq̃ {f (x, y)}
exists, then
[1 − eq−sh−tk ]−1 h k
∫ ∫
Lq̃ {f (x, y)} = e−
q
sx−ty
f (x, y)dq xdq y
(1 − q)2 0 0

Proof. we have
∫ ∞ ∫ ∞
1
Lq̃ {f (x, y)} = e−
q
sx−ty
f (x, y)dq xdq y
(1 − q)2 0 0
∫ h ∫ k ∫ ∞ ∫ ∞
1 1
= e−
q
sx−ty
f (x, y)dq xdq y + e−
q
sx−ty
f (x, y)dq xdq y
(1 − q)2 0 0 (1 − q)2 h k

put x = u + h, y = v + k in the second integral, we have

∫ h ∫ k ∫ ∞ ∫ ∞
1 1 s(u+h)−t(v+k)
= e−
q
sx−ty
f (x, y)dq xdq y + e−
q f (u + h, v + k)dq udq v
(1 − q)2 0 0 (1 − q)2 0 0
∫ h ∫ k ∫ ∞ ∫ ∞
1 1 su−t v
= e−
q
sx−ty
f (x, y)dq xdq y + e−sh−tk e− f (u, v )dq udq v
(1 − q)2 0 0 (1 − q)2 q 0 0
q
∫ h ∫ k
1
Lq̃ {f (x, y)} = e−
q
sx−ty
f (x, y)dq xdq y + e−
q
sh−tk
Lq̃ {f (x, y)}
(1 − q)2 0 0
∫ h ∫ k
1
[1 − eq−sh−tk ]Lq̃ {f (x, y)} = e−
q
sx−ty
f (x, y)dq xdq y
(1 − q)2 0 0
or
∫ h ∫ k
1
Lq̃ {f (x, y)} = [1 − eq−sh−tk ]−1 e−
q
sx−ty
f (x, y)dq xdq y
(1 − q)2 0 0

which is Lq̃ -transform of periodic function.

6 J.A. Ganie and R. Jain / Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics 366 (2020) 112407

4. q̃-double Laplace convolution product

Definition. The convolution of two functions f (x, y) and g(x, y) is denoted by (f ∗ ∗g)(x, y) and defined as
∫ x∫ y
1
(f ∗ ∗g)(x, y) = f (x − ζ , y − η)g(ζ , η)dq ζ dq η
(1 − q)2 0 0

Convolution Theorem.

Statement: Let f1 (x, y) and f2 (x, y) be two positive scalar functions of x and y and let g1 (x, y) and g2 (x, y) be their q̃-double
Laplace transforms, then

Lq̃ {f1 (x, y) ∗ ∗f2 (x, y)}(s, t) = g1 (x, y) · g2 (x, y)

1 ∫x∫y
where f1 (x, y) ∗ ∗f2 (x, y) = 0 0
f1 (x − ζ , y − η)f2 (ζ , η)dq ζ dq η
(1 − q)2

Proof.

Lq̃ {f1 (x, y) ∗ ∗f2 (x, y)}(s, t)

∫ ∞ ∫ ∞ {∫ x ∫ y
}
1
= e−
q
sx−ty
f1 (ζ , η)f2 (x − ζ , y − η)dq ζ dq η dq xdq y
(1 − q)4
∫0 ∞ ∫0 ∞ ∫ x ∫ y
0 0
1
= [1 + (q − 1)(sx + ty)]−1/q−1 f1 (ζ , η)f2 (x − ζ , y − η)dq ζ dq ηdq xdq y
(1 − q)4 0
∫ ∞ ∫0 ∞ 0 0
{∫ ∞ ∫ ∞ }
1
= f1 (ζ , η) [1 + (q − 1)(sx + ty)]−1/q−1 f2 (x − ζ , y − η)dq ζ dq η dq xdq y (8)
(1 − q)4 0 0 x=ζ y=η

Let I = x=ζ y=η [1 + (q − 1)(sx + ty)]−1/q−1 f2 (x − ζ , y − η)dq ζ dq η

∫∞ ∫∞
put x − ζ = u and y − η = v
∫ ∞ ∫ ∞
I = [1 + (q − 1)(sζ + t η)]−1/q−1 [1 + (q − 1)(su + t v )]−1/q−1
0 0
× [1 + (q − 1)(sζ + t η)]1/q−1 [1 + (q − 1)(su + t v )]1/q−1 [1 + (q − 1){(u + ζ )s + (v + η)t }]−1/q−1 f2 (u, v )dq udq v

Let

[1 + (q − 1)(sζ + t η)]1/q−1 [1 + (q − 1)(su + t v )]1/q−1 [1 + (q − 1){(u + ζ )s + (v + η)t }]−1/q−1 f2 (u, v ) = f2∗ (u, v )

Then

f2 (x − ζ , y − η) = [1 + (q − 1)(sζ + t η)]−1/q−1 [1 + (q − 1)(su + t v )]−1/q−1 ×

[1 + (q − 1){(u + ζ )s + (v + η)t }]1/q−1 f2∗ (x − ζ , y − η)
∫ ∞∫ ∞
1
Lq̃ {f1 (x, y) ∗ ∗f2 (x, y)}(s, t) = f 1 (ζ , η ) ×
(1 − q)4 0 0
{ ∫ ∞∫ ∞
−1/q−1
[1 + (q − 1)(sζ + t η)] [1 + (q − 1)(su + t v )]−1/q−1
0 0
}
× f2∗ (x − ζ , y − η)dq xdq y dq ζ dq η
{ ∫ ∞∫ ∞
1
= Lq̃ {f1 (ζ , η)} [1 + (q − 1){(u + ζ )s + (v + η)t }]−1/q−1
(1 − q)2 0 0
}
× f2∗ (x − ζ , y − η)dq xdq y

= Lq̃ {f1 (ζ , η)} · Lq̃ {f2∗ (x, y)}

Lq̃ {f1 (x, y) ∗ ∗f2 (x, y)}(s, t) = g1 (x, y) · g2 (x, y)
 J.A. Ganie and R. Jain / Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics 366 (2020) 112407 7

4.1. Properties

In this section, some interesting properties of q̃-double Laplace transform are given which intersects with classical
ones when q̃ tends to (1, 1).
(a) Scaling: For a real number k,
∫ ∞ ∫ ∞
1
Lq̃ [kf (x, y)](s, t) = kf (x, y)e−
q
sx−ty
dq xdq y
(1 − q)2 0
∫ ∞ ∫0 ∞
k
= f (x, y)e−
q
sx−ty
dq xdq y
(1 − q)2 0 0
= kLq̃ [kf (x, y)](s, t)
(b) Linearity: we have
Lq̃ [mf (x, y) + ng(x, y)](s, t) = mLq̃ [f (x, y)] + nLq̃ [g(x, y)](s, t)
∫ ∞ ∫ ∞
1
Lq̃ [mf (x, y) + ng(x, y)](s, t) = [mf (x, y) + ng(x, y)]e− q
sx−ty
dq xdq y
(1 − q)2 0 0
{∫ ∞∫ ∞ ∫ ∞∫ ∞ }
1
= mf (x, y)e−
q
sx−ty
d q xdq y + ng(x , y)e −sx−ty
q dq xd q y
(1 − q)2 0 0 0 0
= mLq̃ [f (x, y)] + nLq̃ [g(x, y)](s, t)
(c) For a > 0 and b > 0, we have

Lq̃ [e−
q
ax−by
f (x, y)](s, t) = f¯¯ (s + a, t + b)
∫ ∞ ∫ ∞
1
= e−
q
ax−by −sx−ty
eq f (x, y)dq xdq y
(1 − q)2 0 0
∫ ∞ ∫ ∞
1
= eq−x(s+a) e−
q
y(t +b)
f (x, y)dq xdq y
(1 − q)2 0 0

= f¯¯ (s + a, t + b)
(d) For a > 0 and b > 0, we have
∫ ∞ ∫ ∞
1
Lq̃ [f (ax)g(by)](s, t) = e−
q
sx−ty
f (ax)g(by)dq xdq y
(1 − q)2 0 0

Put ax = n and by = m, then

∫ ∞ ∫ ∞
1 1 sn/a −tm/b
Lq̃ [f (ax)g(by)](s, t) = e−
q eq f (n)g(m)dq ndq m
(1 − q)2 ab 0 0
∫ ∞ ∫ ∞
1 1 sn/a 1 tm/b
= e−
q f (n)dq n e−
q g(m)dq m
(1 − q) ab 0 (1 − q) 0
1 1
= f¯ (s/a) · ḡ(t /b)
a b
(e)
∫ ∞ ∫ ∞
1 sx−ty
Lq̃ [f (x)] = e−
q f (x)dq xdq y
(1 − q)2 0 0
∫ ∞ ∫ ∞
1 −sx 1
= eq f (x)dq x · eq−ty dq y
(1 − q) 0 (1 − q) 0
[ ]∞
−ty
1 eq
= f¯ (s) ·
(1 − q) −t
0
[ ]
1 1
= f¯ (s) ·
(1 − q) t
f¯ (s)
=
(1 − q)t
f¯ (t)
Similarly Lq̃ [f (y)] =
(1 − q)s
8 J.A. Ganie and R. Jain / Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics 366 (2020) 112407

5. Examples

1
Ex. 1. If f (x, y) = 1 for x > 0, y > 0, then for 1 < q < 2, Lq̃ {1} =
(1 − q)2 (2 − q)2 st
Sol.
∫ ∞ ∫ ∞
1 sx−ty
Lq̃ {1} = e−
q dq xdq y
(1 − q)2 0 0
∫ ∞ ∫ ∞
1 sx −1/q−1
= e−
q [1 + (q − 1)yt ] dq xdq y
(1 − q)2 0 0
∞
[1 + (q − 1)yt ]q−2/q−1 ⏐⏐∞
∫
1 sx
= e−
q 0 dq x
(1 − q)2 0
q−2
(q − 1)t
q−1
∫ ∞
1 sx 1
= e−
q dq x
(1 − q)2 0 (2 − q)t
∫ ∞
1 1 sx
= e−
q dq x
(1 − q)2 (2 − q)t 0

1 1 1
=
(1 − q)2 (2 − q)t (2 − q)s
1
=
(1 − q)2 (2 − q)2 st
ax+by
Ex. 2. If f (x, y) = eq ∀ x, y then
ax+by 1 1 1
Lq̃ {eq }=
(1 − q)2 (2 − q)2 (s − a)(t − b)
Sol.
∫ ∞ ∫ ∞
1
Lq̃ {eqax+by } = eax
q
+by −sx−ty
eq dq xdq y
(1 − q)2 0
∫ ∞ ∫0 ∞
1
= eq−x(s−a) e−
q
y(t −b)
dq xdq y
(1 − q)2 0 0
1 1 1
= with the help of Ex. 1.
(1 − q)2 (2 − q)2 (s − a)(t − b)

i(ax+by)
Ex. 3. If f (x, y) = eq , then

Sol.
∫ ∞ ∫ ∞
1
Lq̃ ei(ax
{ q
+by)
}= ei(ax
q
+by) −sx−ty
eq dq xdq y
(1 − q)2 0 0
1 1 1
= · ·
(1 − q)2 (2 − q)2 (s − ia)(t − ib)
1 1 (s + ia)(t + ib)
= · ·
(1 − q)2 (2 − q)2 (s2 + a2 )(t 2 + b2 )
1 (st − ab) + i(at + bs)
= ·
(1 − q)2 (2 − q)2 (s2 + a2 )(t 2 + b2 )

Ex. 4. If f (x, y) = (xy)n , then

Sol.
∫ ∞ ∫ ∞
1
Lq̃ {(xy)n } = (xy)n e−
q
sx−ty
dq xdq y
(1 − q)2 0 0
∫ ∞ ∫ ∞
1 sx n ty n
= e−
q x dq x · e−
q y dq y
(1 − q)2 0 0
 J.A. Ganie and R. Jain / Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics 366 (2020) 112407 9

put sx = m
∫ ∞ ∫ ∞
1 dq m
= (m/s)n e−
q
m
· e−ty n
q y dq y
(1 − q)2 0 s 0
Γq (n + 1) ∞
∫
1 ty n
= · e−
q y dq y
(1 − q)2 sn+1 0

Similarly by putting ty = p, we get

1 Γq (n + 1) Γq (n + 1)
= · ·
(1 − q)2 n+1 s n+1 t

Ex. 5. If f (x, y) = cosq (ax + by), then

1 (st − ab)
Lq̃ {cosq (ax + by)} = ·
2(1 − q)2 (s2 + a2 )(t 2 + b2 )
Sol. we have
i(ax+by) i(ax+by)
eq + e−
q
cosq (ax + by) =
2
therefore
1[
Lq̃ {ei(ax+by)
} + Lq̃ {e− i(ax+by)
]
Lq̃ {cosq (ax + by)} = q q }
2 [∫
∞∫ ∞ ∫ ∞∫ ∞ ]
1 i(ax+by) −sx−ty −i(ax+by) −sx−ty
= eq eq dq xdq y + eq eq dq xdq y
2 0 0 0 0

which with the help of Exs. 2 and 3 equals

1 (st − ab)
= ·
2(1 − q)2 (s2
+ a2 )(t 2 + b2 )
Similarly we have sinq (ax + by), coshq (ax + by) and sinhq (ax + by)

6. Applications

Applications of Lq̃ -Laplace transform in heat, wave and space–time telegraphic equations

Heat diffusion equation

Consider the following q-diffusion equation [39]
δq u δq2 u
(x, t) = k (x, t), x ∈ (−∞, ∞), t ∈ R+ (9)
δq t δq x 2
with initial conditions
δq u
u(x, t) = 0 at t = 0 for 0 < x < ∞ and (0, t) = 0, u(0, t) = f (t)
δq x
Applying q-double Laplace transform to Eq. (9) on both sides, where s and r are transform variables, we have
[ ]
δq u δq2 u
[ ]
Lq̃ (x, t) (s, r) = kLq̃ (x, t) (s, r)
δq t δq x2
now with the help of results by Lokenath and Bhatta [40, p. 275]
δq u
[ ]
H⇒ rLq̃ [u(x, t)](s, r) − Lq [u(x, 0)](s) = ks2 Lq̃ [u(x, t)](s, r) − ksLq [u(0, t)](r) − kLq (0, t) (r)
δq x
δ
[ ]
q u
H⇒ (r − ks2 )Lq̃ [u(x, t)](s, r) = Lq [u(x, 0)](s) − ksLq [u(0, t)](r) − kLq (0, t) (r)
δq x
(r − ks2 )Lq̃ [u(x, t)](s, r) = 0 − ksLq {f (t)} − 0
−ksLq {f (t)}
Lq̃ [u(x, t)](s, r) =
(r − ks2 )
or
[ ]
−ksLq {f (t)}
u(x, t) = (Lq̃ )−1 (x, t)
(r − ks2 )
provided the inverse transform exists for each term on R.H.S.
10 J.A. Ganie and R. Jain / Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics 366 (2020) 112407

Generalized wave equation

The generalized wave equation in [41] is defined as
δq2 u δq2 u
(x, t) − c 2 (x, t) = 0 (10)
δq t 2 δq x 2
with initial conditions
δq u
u(x, 0) = f (x) and (x, 0) = g(x), x>0
δq t
δq u
u(0, t) = 0 and (0, t) = 0
δq x
Apply q-double Laplace transform to Eq. (10), we have
{ }
δq2 u δq2 u
Lq̃ (x, t) − c 2
(x, t) =0
δq t 2 δq x 2
δq u
[ ]
H⇒ r 2 Lq̃ [u(x, t)](s, r) − rLq [u(x, 0)](s) − Lq (x, 0) (s)−
δq t
δq u
{ [ ] }
c s Lq̃ [u(x, t)](s, r) − sLq [u(0, t)](r) − Lq
2 2
(0, t) (r) = 0
δq x
H⇒ r Lq̃ [u(x, t)](s, r) − c s Lq̃ [u(x, t)](s, r) =
2 2 2

δq u δq u
[ ] [ ]
rLq [u(x, 0)](s) + Lq (x, 0) (s) + c sLq [u(0, t)](r) + c Lq
2 2
(0, t) (r)
δq t δq x
H⇒ Lq̃ [u(x, t)](s, r){r 2 − c 2 s2 } = rLq {f (x)}(s) + Lq {g(x)}(s) + 0 + 0
H⇒ Lq̃ [u(x, t)](s, r){r 2 − c 2 s2 } = rLq {f (x)} + Lq {g(x)}
rLq {f (x)} + Lq {g(x)}
Lq̃ [u(x, t)](s, r) =
(r 2 − c 2 s2 )
[ ]
rLq {f (x)} + Lq {g(x)}
H⇒ u(x, t) = (Lq̃ )−1 (x, t)
(r 2 − c 2 s2 )
provided (Lq̃ )−1 exists for each term on R.H.S.

Space–time telegraphic equation

Consider the following generalized space–time telegraphic equation
δq2 u δq2 u δq u
c2 (x, t) − (x, t) − (α + β ) (x, t) − αβ u(x, t) = [c 2 − (α + 1)(β + 1)]expq (x + t) (11)
δq x 2 δq t 2 δq t
with initial conditions
δq u
u(0, t) = eq (t) and (0, t) = eq (t)
δq x
δq u
u(x, 0) = eq (x) and (x, 0) = eq (x)
δq t
Applying q-Laplace transform on Eq. (11), we get
[ ] [ ]
δq2 u δq2 u δq u
[ ]
Lq̃ c 2
(x, t) − Lq̃ (x, t) − (α + β )Lq̃ (x, t) − αβ Lq̃ [u(x, t)]
δq x 2 δq t 2 δq t
= Lq̃ [c − (α + 1)(β + 1)]expq (x + t)
2

H⇒ c 2 s2 Lq̃ [u(x, t)](s, t) − sLq̃ [u(0, t)](r) − Lq [ux (0, t)](r) − {r 2 Lq̃ [u(x, t)](s, t) − rLq̃ [u(x, 0)](s) − Lq [ut (x, 0)](s)}
{ }

− (α + β ){rLq̃ [u(x, t)](s, r) − Lq [u(x, 0)](s)} − αβ Lq̃ [u(x, t)](s, r)

= [c 2 − (α + 1)(β + 1)]Lq̃ {expq (x + t)}(s, r)
H⇒ c 2 s2 Lq̃ [u(x, t)](s, r) − sLq {eq (t)} − Lq {eq (t)} − r 2 Lq̃ [u(x, t)](s, r) + rLq {eq (x)} − Lq {eq (x)}
− (α + β ){rLq̃ [u(x, t)](s, r)} + (α + β ){rLq {eq (x)} − (αβ )Lq̃ [u(x, t)](s, r)}
= [c 2 − (α + 1)(β + 1)]Lq̃ {expq (x + t)}(s, r)
H⇒ (c 2 s2 − r 2 − (α + β )r − αβ )Lq̃ [u(x, t)](s, r) = sLq {eq (t)} − Lq {eq (t)} − rLq {eq (x)} − Lq {eq (x)}
− (α + β )Lq {eq (x)} + [c 2 − (α + 1)(β + 1)]Lq̃ {expq (x + t)}
 J.A. Ganie and R. Jain / Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics 366 (2020) 112407 11

we have with the help of above examples,

1
Lq̃ {expq (x + t)} = ,
(1 − q)2 (2 − q)2 (s − 1)(r − 1)
1
Lq {eq (x)} = and
(1 − q)(r − 1)
1
Lq {eq (t)} =
(1 − q)(s − 1)
substitute these results in above equation, we have
H⇒ (c 2 s2 − r 2 − (α + β )r − αβ )Lq̃ [u(x, t)](s, r) =
(s + 1) − (r + 1) − (α + β ) c 2 − (α + 1)(β + 1)
+
(1 − q)(s − 1) (1 − q)2 (2 − q)2 (s − 1)(r − 1)
(s + 1) − (r + 1) − (α + β )
{ [
1
H⇒ u(x, t) = (Lq̃ )−1
(c 2 s2 − r 2 − (α + β )r − αβ ) (1 − q)(s − 1)
c 2 − (α + 1)(β + 1)
]}
+
(1 − q)2 (2 − q)2 (s − 1)(r − 1)
provided the inverse transform exists for each term on R.H.S.

7. Conclusion

In this study, we have introduced the basic definitions of double Laplace transform and its convolution in quantum
calculus. Certain properties, convergence, absolute convergence, were also discussed. The q-image of Laplace transform
can be employed to solve certain q-difference, q-integral and q-differential equations. Some results have been described
and are tested with the help of examples. The results proved in this paper appear to be new and have useful applications
to a wide range of problems of mathematical sciences and engineering.

8. Acknowledgement

Authors are highly thankful to Tahir M. Bhat for insightful discussions.

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