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    Problems

    Uploaded by

    Sami White
    The document discusses 10 questions involving the use of iterative methods to solve various engineering problems. The problems involve: 1) Using iterative methods like bisection, Newton-Raphson, etc. to determine the depth required to hold 30m^3 of water in a spherical tank of radius 3m. 2) Employing iterative methods to solve for the steady state concentration in a mass balance equation for a pollutant in a well-mixed lake. 3) Solving equations using direct and iterative methods and determining the percent relative error after each iteration. 4) Developing mass balance equations for reactors linked by pipes and solving the simultaneous equations iteratively. 5) Using an iterative method to calculate heat duty and

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    Problems

    Uploaded by

    Sami White
    87 views3 pages
    The document discusses 10 questions involving the use of iterative methods to solve various engineering problems. The problems involve: 1) Using iterative methods like bisection, Newton-Raphson, etc. to determine the depth required to hold 30m^3 of water in a spherical tank of radius 3m. 2) Employing iterative methods to solve for the steady state concentration in a mass balance equation for a pollutant in a well-mixed lake. 3) Solving equations using direct and iterative methods and determining the percent relative error after each iteration. 4) Developing mass balance equations for reactors linked by pipes and solving the simultaneous equations iteratively. 5) Using an iterative method to calculate heat duty and

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    The document discusses 10 questions involving the use of iterative methods to solve various engineering problems. The problems involve: 1) Using iterative methods like bisection, Newton-Raphson, etc. to determine the depth required to hold 30m^3 of water in a spherical tank of radius 3m. 2) Employing iterative methods to solve for the steady state concentration in a mass balance equation for a pollutant in a well-mixed lake. 3) Solving equations using direct and iterative methods and determining the percent relative error after each iteration. 4) Developing mass balance equations for reactors linked by pipes and solving the simultaneous equations iteratively. 5) Using an iterative method to calculate heat duty and

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    87 views3 pages

    Problems

    Uploaded by

    Sami White
    The document discusses 10 questions involving the use of iterative methods to solve various engineering problems. The problems involve: 1) Using iterative methods like bisection, Newton-Raphson, etc. to determine the depth required to hold 30m^3 of water in a spherical tank of radius 3m. 2) Employing iterative methods to solve for the steady state concentration in a mass balance equation for a pollutant in a well-mixed lake. 3) Solving equations using direct and iterative methods and determining the percent relative error after each iteration. 4) Developing mass balance equations for reactors linked by pipes and solving the simultaneous equations iteratively. 5) Using an iterative method to calculate heat duty and

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    Problems

    Q1/ You are designing a spherical tank to hold water for a small village in a
    developing country. The volume of liquid it can hold, can be computed as
    (𝟑𝑹 − 𝒉)
    𝑽 = 𝝅 𝒉𝟐
    𝟑
    3
    Where V = volume (m ), h = depth of water in tank (m), and R = the tank radius
    (m). If R = 3 m, to what depth must the tank be filled so what it holds 30 m 3 ?
    Determine the approximate relative error after each iteration? Solve the problem
    using:-
    1- Bi-section method.
    2- Newton’s Raphson method.
    3- Fixed point method.
    4- False position method.
    5- Secant method.

    Q2/ A mass balance for a pollutant in a well-mixed lake can be written as


    𝒅𝒄
    𝑽 = 𝑾 − 𝑸𝒄 − 𝒌𝑽 √𝒄
    𝒅𝒕
    Given the parameter values V = 1*106 m3, Q = 1*105 m3/yr, W = 1*106 g/yr, and k
    = 0.25 m0.5/g0.5/yr, Employ an initial guess of c = 4 g/m3, Solve for the steady state
    concentration using:-
    1- Bi-section method.
    2- Newton’s Raphson method.
    3- Fixed point method.
    4- False position method.
    5- Secant method.
    Perform three iterations and determine the percent relative error after each
    iteration?

    Q3/ Solve the following equation using direct method

    𝒇(𝒙) = 𝟎. 𝟕 𝒙𝟓 − 𝟖𝒙𝟒 + 𝟒𝟒𝒙𝟑 − 𝟗𝟎𝒙𝟐 + 𝟖𝟐𝒙 − 𝟐𝟓

    Determine the percent relative error after each iteration?

    1
    Q4/ Solve the following equation using direct method

    𝒇(𝒙) = 𝟐𝟓𝒙𝟑 − 𝟔𝒙𝟐 + 𝟕𝒙 − 𝟖𝟖

    Determine the percent relative error after each iteration?

    Q5/ A chemical engineering design project requires that you accurately estimate
    the molar volume (v) of carbon dioxide at T = 300 K and P = 1 atm so the
    appropriate containment vessel can be selected. The molar volume of the gas can
    be estimated from the following equation of state
    𝒂
    ( 𝑷 + 𝟐 ) (𝒗 − 𝒃) = 𝑹𝑻
    𝒗
    It is also interest to examine how well the gas conforms to the ideal gas law. Use
    the following data:-
    R = 0.082054 L.atm /(mol.K), a = 3.592 atm.L2/mol2 , b = 0.04267 L/mol.

    Q6/ In chemical engineering, plug flow reactors are often used to convert
    reactants into products. It has been determined that the efficiency of the conversion
    can sometimes be improved by recycling a portion of the product stream so that it
    returns to the entrance for an additional pass through the reactor. The recycling
    rate is defined as
    𝒗𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆 𝒐𝒇 𝒇𝒍𝒖𝒊𝒅 𝒓𝒆𝒕𝒖𝒓𝒏𝒆𝒅 𝒕𝒐 𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒄𝒆
    𝑹=
    𝒗𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆 𝒍𝒆𝒂𝒗𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒔𝒚𝒔𝒕𝒆𝒎
    Suppose that we are processing a chemical A to generate a product B. For this
    case, it can be shown that an optimal recycle rate must satisfy
    𝟏 + 𝑹 (𝟏 − 𝒙𝑨𝒇 ) 𝑹+𝟏
    𝐥𝐧 =
    𝑹 (𝟏 − 𝒙𝑨𝒇 ) 𝑹 (𝟏 + 𝑹 (𝟏 − 𝒙 ))𝑨𝒇
    Where xAf = the fraction of reactant A that is converted to product B. R the optimal
    recycle rate corresponding to the minimum sized reactor needed to attain the
    desired level of conversion. Determined the recycle ratio needed for xAf = 0.95.

    Q7/ Of the following three sets of linear equations, identify the set(s) that you
    could not solve using an iterative method. Show that using any number of
    iterations that is necessary.

    2
    Set one Set two Set three
    9𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 𝑧 = 13 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 6𝑧 = 8 −3𝑥 + 4𝑦 + 5𝑧 = 6
    −6𝑥 + 8𝑧 = 2 𝑥 + 5𝑦 − 𝑧 = 5 −2𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 3𝑧 = −3
    2𝑥 + 5𝑦 − 𝑧 = 6 4𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 2𝑧 = 4 2𝑦 − 𝑧 = 1

    Q8/ The following figure show three reactors linked by pipes. If the system is at
    steady state, the transfer into each reactor will balance the transfer out. Develop
    mass balance equations for the reactors and solve the three simultaneous linear
    algebraic equations for their concentrations.

    500 mg/s Q13 Q33

    1 3

    Q12
    Q23
    Q21 200 mg/s Q33 = 120
    Q13 = 40
    2 Q12 = 90
    Q23 = 60
    Q21 = 30

    Q9/ The heat duty of shell and tube heat exchanger is given by
    ∆𝑻𝟐 − ∆𝑻𝟏
    𝒒=𝑼𝑨
    ∆𝑻
    𝐥𝐧 ( 𝟐 )
    ∆𝑻𝟏
    𝒒 𝒒
    ∆𝑻𝟏 = 𝑻𝟏 − 𝒕𝟏 − ( . 𝑪𝒑𝟏 ) ∆𝑻𝟐 = 𝑻𝟐 − 𝒕𝟐 − ( . 𝑪𝒑𝟐 )
    𝑴𝟏 𝑴𝟐

    Given the following data


    M1 = 43800, M2 = 149000, Cp1 = 0.605, Cp2 = 0.490, U = 55, A = 662, T1 = 390,
    t1 = 100. Calculate the heat duty using an iteration method?

    Q10/ a mass balance equation for a CSTR has the form


    𝟐𝒙 (𝟎. 𝟓 + 𝒙)
    𝟏−𝒙=
    𝟏 + 𝟐𝒙 (𝟎. 𝟓 + 𝒙)

    Calculate the conversion of the reaction using an iteration method?

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