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NCRP - Sign 12

The document discusses wind loads on highway structural supports and updates to specifications. It examines a new wind map and its impact on design wind pressures. Methods to incorporate structural flexibility into wind load calculations are evaluated. Fatigue and vibration in non-cantilevered support structures are also addressed through analytical studies and a literature review.

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49 views1 page

NCRP - Sign 12

The document discusses wind loads on highway structural supports and updates to specifications. It examines a new wind map and its impact on design wind pressures. Methods to incorporate structural flexibility into wind load calculations are evaluated. Fatigue and vibration in non-cantilevered support structures are also addressed through analytical studies and a literature review.

Uploaded by

anwarali1975
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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6

manufacturers identified by state DOTs were contacted to 7-98 for wind-sensitive structures were reviewed to deter-
expand on this information. mine the applicability to support structures. Simplified equa-
tions were developed for high mast lighting and traffic sig-
nal structures. These equations should be used with caution
2.2 WIND LOADS REPORT
and may result in an increase in wind pressure on the struc-
tures. Until further verification of these equations using wind
The 2001 Supports Specifications has been updated to
tunnel testing, it is recommended that they be used for gen-
reflect currently accepted wind engineering practice. Wind
eral guidance.
loading provisions in the specifications are based on ASCE
7-95 (5), with specific modifications for structural supports
for highway signs, luminaires, and traffic signals. The new
wind load provisions in the Supports Specifications are based 2.3 FATIGUE AND VIBRATION IN
on a 3-second gust wind speed, rather than a fastest-mile NONCANTILEVERED SUPPORT
wind speed, and a new map has been adopted. An increase or STRUCTURES
reduction in calculated wind pressures result from the use of
The 1994 edition of the Supports Specifications provides
the updated wind map.
little guidance on the design for fatigue and vibration. NCHRP
The main goal of this task is to provide an in-depth expla-
Project 17-10 introduced a new section entitled “Fatigue
nation of the new wind map (3-second gust) and its impact
Design,” which is based primarily on the work of NCHRP
on the calculated design wind pressures on structural sup-
Project 10-38 (6). The “Fatigue Design” section of the Sup-
ports. In addition, the flexibility of the structural support as
ports Specifications addresses fatigue design of cantilevered
it affects the gust effect factors is considered, and methods
steel and aluminum structures. Noncantilevered structures
for incorporating the flexibility of the structure in the wind
were not included, since such structures were not within the
loading computation are evaluated.
scope of NCHRP Project 10-38. Therefore, the overall objec-
A complete document entitled “Wind Loads Report” is
tive of the task represented by this section of the report was
provided in Appendix B. It provides a detailed study of the
to address fatigue and vibration in noncantilevered support
new wind load provisions in the 2001 Supports Specifica-
structures.
tions. More specifically, the report addresses the following:
The results of the survey sent to state DOTs indicated con-
cerns for fatigue of noncantilevered support structures. Out of
• The basis for wind pressure calculations in the 1994 and the 48 replies received, 8 identified problems with noncan-
2001 specifications, tilevered support structures. State DOTs that indicated hav-
• Wind load comparisons between the 1994 and the 2001 ing experienced problems were contacted. Also, the research
specifications, team met with researchers of NCHRP Project 10-38(2) and
• Recommendations for gust effect factors for flexible visited a local sign support manufacturer. The effort included
structures, and a comprehensive literature review of up-to-date publications
• Suggested research needs pertaining to wind loads for regarding the fatigue of support structures. Related issues
structural supports. such as vibration mitigation methods and the effects of gus-
sets were also investigated. Finally, an in-depth analytical
Analytical studies performed showed that the new wind investigation, using finite element analysis, was conducted to
provisions will generally result in wind provisions that will determine equivalent static fatigue loads for noncantilevered
be significantly different from those calculated using the structures. This section summarizes the major research find-
1994 Supports Specifications. On average, wind loads on sup- ings of this work. A detailed report documenting the analyt-
port structures, except for an increase for roadside signs, ical procedures and results is presented in Appendix C. The
computed in accordance with the new wind provisions are DOT survey results regarding fatigue and vibration in non-
comparable to the loads computed using the 1994 Supports cantilevered support structures is provided in the appendix,
Specifications. In comparing the 1994 and 2001 Supports as well as an extensive reference list.
Specifications wind load provisions, it is apparent that changes
in wind pressure, either decreasing or increasing, are highly
site specific. The wind pressures will double for a short street- 2.3.1 Susceptibility of Noncantilevered Support
lighting pole in Mobile, Alabama, or Orlando, Florida. The Structures to Wind-Induced Vibration
wind pressures will be reduced by half for a roadside sign in
Hawaii. Fatigue and vibration problems that have occurred in non-
The effect of the flexibility of support structures on the cantilevered support structures were investigated. However,
gust effect factor was studied. Equations provided by ASCE the question of susceptibility to wind vibration phenomena

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