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Experiment 9 PDF

The document describes an experiment to determine the mechanical advantage, velocity ratio, and efficiency of a simple screw jack. Measurements are taken of the pitch, circumference of the table, and loads and efforts applied. These values are used to calculate mechanical advantage as load/effort, velocity ratio as circumference/pitch, and efficiency as the ratio of mechanical advantage to velocity ratio. Observations are recorded in a table and graphs are plotted of efficiency vs. load and effort vs. load to analyze the performance of the screw jack.

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darshan
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383 views3 pages

Experiment 9 PDF

The document describes an experiment to determine the mechanical advantage, velocity ratio, and efficiency of a simple screw jack. Measurements are taken of the pitch, circumference of the table, and loads and efforts applied. These values are used to calculate mechanical advantage as load/effort, velocity ratio as circumference/pitch, and efficiency as the ratio of mechanical advantage to velocity ratio. Observations are recorded in a table and graphs are plotted of efficiency vs. load and effort vs. load to analyze the performance of the screw jack.

Uploaded by

darshan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment 6

Screw Jack
Objective: To find the mechanical advantage, velocity ratio and efficiency of a simple screw
jack and plot the graph between:
(i) Efficiency v/s Load
(ii) Effort v/s Load.

Theory:

Screw jack is used to raise heavy loads. The apparatus works on a simple principle of screw and
nut. The axial distance between the corresponding threads is known as PITCH. Let this pitch be
p & d is the diameter of the flanged table on which the load w is to be placed and lifted. Let the
table turns through one revolution.
Load rises in one revolution = length of the screw jack = l
l = n×pitch
Or l = n×p
Effort moved in one revolution = πD

Velocity ratio = distance moved by effort / distance moved by load

= πD/l
= πD/n*p
Total effort in the two hangers including the weight of the hangers = P
Mechanical advantage = W/P
%η = M.A. /V.R. *100

Mechanical advantage (MA) is the factor by which a mechanism multiplies the force put into it.
It is the ratio of the force exerted by a machine (the output) to the force exerted on the machine,
usually by an operator (the input). The theoretical mechanical advantage of a system is the ratio
of the force that performs the useful work to the force applied, assuming there is no friction in
the system. In practice, the actual mechanical advantage will be less than the theoretical value by
an amount determined by the amount of friction.
i.e., M.A. = Effort Applied/Load Lifted = P/W

Apparatus: Screw jack apparatus, slotted weights, string, outside caliper etc.
Fig. 6.1 Differential wheel and axle

Procedure:

1. Wrap the string round the circumference of the flanged table and pass it over the pulley.
Similarly, wrap another string over the circumference of the flanged table and take it over the
second pulley. The free ends of both the strings are tied to the two hangers where the weights are
to be hanged

2. Measure the pitch of the thread with the help of the Vernier Caliper.

3. Place the load W on the screw head and some weight on hangers so that the load W is just
lifted. The effort P is equal to the sum of the weights hanged in the two hangers.

4. Increase the loads and find the corresponding efforts applied for the consecutive readings.

5. Calculate mechanical advantage, velocity ratio and efficiency in each case.

6. Plot the graph between efficiency v/s loads, effort v/s load.

Observation:

(i) Circumference of table = 60 cm.

(ii) Load of screw = 1 x p = 5 mm.

(iii) Velocity ratio = π D = ___________

Observation table:
Total load Total effort %η = ( M.A./
Sr. No M.A. = W/P
W Kg P(Kg)=P1+P2 V.R.) * 100

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Calculation:

Pitch of screw jack = 5 mm.


Weight of screw jack system = 7.5 Kg.
Results:

The Mechanical Advantage of the given simple screw jack = _________________


Velocity Ratio = ___________________
Efficiency = ___________________

Conclusion:

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