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Experiment 5 Friction PDF

The experiment determines the coefficient of static friction between various surface combinations: - Glass on wood, glass on cloth, and glass on aluminum - An inclined plane apparatus with interchangeable surfaces is used - Weights are placed on the surfaces and plane angle is varied until the surface just begins to slide up or down the plane - The coefficient of static friction is calculated using the formula μ=F/R=tanθ based on measurements

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2K views3 pages

Experiment 5 Friction PDF

The experiment determines the coefficient of static friction between various surface combinations: - Glass on wood, glass on cloth, and glass on aluminum - An inclined plane apparatus with interchangeable surfaces is used - Weights are placed on the surfaces and plane angle is varied until the surface just begins to slide up or down the plane - The coefficient of static friction is calculated using the formula μ=F/R=tanθ based on measurements

Uploaded by

darshan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment 5

Co-efficient of Static Friction


Object: To determine the co-efficient of static friction between glass and wood; wood and
cloth; and wood and aluminum.

Apparatus: Inclined plane, box with wood, aluminum and cloth bottom surfaces and, weights.

Theory:

When a body lies over another body and is gently pushed, it does not move. The frictional force
prevents the motion. If the applied force is slightly increased, the body still remains motionless.
This shows that the force of friction has increased itself, so as to become equal and opposite of
the applied force. Thus the force of friction has a remarkable property of adjusting its magnitude
so as to become exactly equal to applied force which tends to produce motion. The force of
friction cannot increase beyond certain limit. If the applied force exceeds this limit, the force of
friction cannot balance it and body begins to move in the direction of the applied force. This
maximum value of frictional force which comes into play when the body just begins to slide over
the surface of the other body is known as limiting friction and the ratio of the limiting friction to
the normal reaction between the two bodies is known as co-efficient of static friction and is
denoted by µ.

µ = F/R = tan θ

Where, F = Frictional force acting along the plane in the direction opposite to the motion of body,
R = Normal reaction acting at right angle to the plane
θ = Angle of friction, which is also equal to angle of repose,
i.e. angle of inclined plane when body just starts moving down by its own weight.

Fig. 5.1 Coefficient of static friction


Procedure:

1. Fix the angle of inclined plane and clean the surface.


2. Put a box on the clean surface whose co-efficient of static friction is required to be found, at
the lower end of inclined plane. Connect the box with a string which will pass over the
frictionless pulley fixed at higher end. Connect pan with it.
3. Put a limiting value of weight which causes a uniform upward sliding of the surface box.
4. Find out the co-efficient of friction by the formula. Draw free body diagram and prove the
formulae (A).
5. Set the angle of inclined plane as higher value, out fixed value of weight pan and vary the
weight in the box placed on surface so that minimum value of weight in the box may cause
uniform motion of the box down the plane.
6. Draw the free body diagram for second case (motion down the plane) prove the formula (B).
7. Remove pan and weight in the pan, put the box on the inclined plane and find the minimum
angle of inclination when particular box slide with uniform motion. This angle is called angle of
repose (α) & it is numerically equal to angle of friction (θ).
Draw free body diagram and prove the expression (C)

Observation Table:-

Sr. Type of Angle of Glass to Wood Glass to Leather Glass to Aluminum


No Motion repose θ P W µ P W µ P W µ
1.
2. Up the plane
3.
4.
Down the
5.
plane
6.

Average µ= Average µ= Average µ=


Angle of
7. µ= µ= µ=
Repose α
Calculation: Find out the Coefficient of friction (µ) of the different material.

Case-1: Motion up the plane


  
   
Where,
θ= Angle of inclination of plane with horizontal
W= Weight of box + Weight in box sliding over surface
P= Weight in pan + Weight of Pan

Case-2: Motion down the plane

  
   

Case-3: Motion down the plane at angle of repose

μ= tanα= tan θ=______________

θ= Angle of friction, which is also equal to angle of repose (α), i.e. angle of inclined plane.

 Write the law of static friction

Conclusion:

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