ANSWER 1-

MIS refers to a type of user interface that gathers, collects, and interprets all possible information
essential for management in a corporation. It is a segment of an organization's general internal
processes monitoring the enforcement by financial managers of staff, records, technology, and
methods to address business challenges like costing a product, service, or company-wide
strategies and tactics. Management information systems are distinguished from standard
information systems because they are often used to interpret other information systems used in
effective operational practices.

Any company will only thrive if the business and management data are consistently maintained
with effective information systems.

The uses of MIS are as follows:

 Sales & Marketing:

Maintain information systems for a business's sales and marketing, gather and evaluate client and
prospect client information. The information is often screened or collected from client receipts,
loyalty card purchases, or credit card receipts.

The data collected can be compiled to illustrate purchasing trends and patterns, recognize
frequent Top purchasing clients, and target marketing tactics for the company to address specific
customer base segments.

 Human resource:
Human resource management information systems involve employee records like core personal
details, attendance and hours, evaluations for performance appraisal, and payroll monitoring. As
personal data – names, addresses, and social security numbers – can be included in the data, it is
vital to preserve privacy and maintain protection.

The database would provide trend-setting management input in areas such as excellent
recruitment practices, value management, scheduling, and program improvement.

 Financing & Accounting:

The management systems are meant to process and store financial data in accounting. The
related analyses are used internally, for instance, by administrators and CFOs, and externally by
contractors, regulators, tax officials, and others. Accounting Under produced reports include
profit-and-loss statements, receivable monitoring accounts, and other financial information.

 IT:
It is a system used to maintain and assess IT data, just like it can for every other dept. It can
result in substantial savings and higher efficiency in IT usage by the company.

Therefore, in most businesses, the IT department would possibly play a prominent part in
developing, implementing, and managing any MIS that the company can adopt.

IT professionals may be required to evaluate any MIS contract's technical specs and have insight
into the scheduling and system capabilities.

Four major types:

 Transaction Processing System:

In an enterprise, the most basic computer-based program relates to the processing of business
transactions. A transaction processing system can be described as a system storing, classifying,
processing, retaining, updating, and extracting transaction data for record-keeping and input into
other CBIS models.

The objective of the Transaction Processing System is to improve the standard business
processes.

Transaction Processing System delivers speed and precision, and can be programmed without
any variation to execute routines.

 Management information system:

Computer information processing has proven highly successful for a variety of reasons. The
fundamental explanation is that large volumes of accounts and other transactions related data can
be processed extremely efficiently.

This data should be as relevant, accurate, reliable, full and descriptive as possible from an
economic point of view.

 Decision support systems:

This is an information service that provides the sort of information that may not be
predetermined. Industry professionals need the data once. Such programs do not offer regularly
scheduled reporting on the management.

Decision support systems help managers make decisions that are not strongly organized, often
referred to as semi-structured or unstructured. The policy acknowledges, but does not substitute,
administrative judgments.

 Executive Support System:

An Executive Support System (ESS), is a kind of managerial supporting system that promotes
and supports the data and decision-making requirements of senior executives. It facilitates fast
access to knowledge relating to company priorities, both internal and external.

ANSWER 2-

There are different levels for different types of organization decisions by superior, middle level,
and lower-level management, varying from one another with different types of required
information.

Taking the example of KPI is planning to increment its salary pattern as per the earned profit
from the customer's payment records.

It is distributed into three different types:

 Strategic information system:

(SIS) are data programs designed to respond to corporate entrepreneurship development projects
usually handled by top-level management. These are built to offer the organization's competitive
advantage.

Exp- middle and lower levels provide relevant information and data to the top level for making
appropriate decisions for the organization.

 Tactical information:
The middle management (employees) uses tactical information while monitoring or scheduling
projects. Based on the size of the strategic plan, the timescale is usually between 6 months and
five years.

It is done internally but with some external sources such as based on the allocated time for
maintaining or preparing any schedule of any production line.

Exp- This is done as per the records of the company's clients for payment done by them. The
more payment records they will maintain, the more credit they will get.

 Operational Information:
An operating system is a concept used in information warehousing for referring to a system
designed to perform an organization's day-to-day transactions. Such programs are built to
effectively manage daily operations and improve the reliability of the transactional data.

ANSWER 3-

Key performance indicators in Customer Relationship Management (CRM KPIs) evaluate an

organization's performance or a particular activity the company participates in. Therefore, these
were described as resources that an organization could utilize to monitor its success and
development in achieving its goals.
Key performance metrics for customer relationship management consist of a series of established
achievable goals for a business and may include any function of the organization that is
considered essential to its success.
To create successful main performance metrics known as "Quality Metrics," an organization
should have a plan with targets that are practical and clearly defined along with specific
objectives.

Five different KPIs for CRM are as follows:

 Help Desk Key Performance Indicators: -
Excellent customer support can elevate the product or service from "great" to "best," though
customers are the most critical aspect of the business process. Service desk staff must understand
that and promise to deliver the highest possible quality of support.
Help desk performance measures such as ticket queue, agent performance, and ticket observation
can help solve issues so the customers can access excellent customer service and then uplift the
organization to a good market player.

 Actions per Engagement Performance Indicators: -

Business leaders who like to maintain communication with clients will evaluate how much their
prospective customers react. When they understand the approach pattern, they will know how
many times before the customers make a purchase, they have to reach them out.
The acts per interaction metric allow a seller to understand when their target market stops
responding to the messages, unsubscribing from their newsletters, blocking them, or only
preventing reply. Companies can use those trends to enhance the productivity of their systems.

 Response Time Performance Indicators: -

If companies have combined the CRM with a refer-generation type or anything of that kind, then
the time taken should only be under an hour, for example, in real estate.

 Conversion Rate Key Performance Indicators: -

The CRM conversion rate metric lets you track how often your attempts at outreach produce a
tangible result. It helps the company to decide whether those actions are successful or not. If the
company aims to increase sales for a new creation, and they only get a lot of views of the page,
they need to re-examine the page, product, and every other factor.

 Funnel Drop-Off Rate Key Performance Indicators: -

Funnel Drop-Off Rate Key Quality Indicators are among the most potent CRM KPIs that help a
business person know how frequently their customers unsubscribe from the newsletters they sent
out. However, many read the emails they sent out, and also the ones they end up buying.

ANSWER 4-

A. Definition:
 MIS- MIS refers to a type of user interface that gathers, collects, and interprets all possible
information essential for management in a corporation.

 DSS- This is an information service that provides the sort of information that may not be
predetermined. Industry professionals need the data once.

B. Primary purpose:
 MIS- Mainly focused on productivity in operations.

 DSS- Relies heavily more about making an important decision or motivating the organization
to do all the right things.

C. Dependencies:
 MIS- Computer dependent.

 DSS- Dependent on the authority of administration.

D. Output and Input:

 MIS- Uses a large volume of data input, and output is review reports.

 DSS- Uses a low volume data input, and output is an evaluation of decisions.

E. Phase defined by:

 MIS- MIS defined by simple pattern.

 DSS- DSS characterizes the Interactive layout.

F. Information flow:
 MIS- The transfer of knowledge is vertically and horizontally from both sides.

 DSS- The information flow goes up.

G. Focus solely:
 MIS- Emphasis on efficiency.

 DSS- Focuses on effectiveness.

H. Smooth reporting:
 MIS- The report usually isn't versatile.

 DSS- The report is versatile.

I. Data from:
 MIS- Centers on storing the data.

 DSS- Centers on tampering with records.

ANSWER 5-
Industry 4.0, combined with the new smart technology, is the evolution of conventional
manufacturing and industrial practices. It focused primarily on the need for large-scale machine
implementations for machine communication (M2 M), and the Internet of Things (IoT) aimed at
providing dense networks, better communication, self-monitoring, and also on smart machines
can evaluate and resolve issues without human interference.

Situations which Industry 4.0 can contribute in this Covid-19 situation is as follows:
 Online market models and connectivity for consumers:
Achieving customer satisfaction is a multi-stage, never-ending process that continually needs to
be modified as customer's preferences change over time. Companies then broaden their offerings
by creating innovative new business models that can provide their clients with technological
platforms that best fit their needs.

 A Pass Over Postmodern ERP:

The Postmodern ERP approach has just started to catch grip in the supply chain industry, and
Industry 4.0 is moving even this cutting-edge strategy to the boundaries. Industry 4.0 keeps
calling for a fully effective supply chain management that embeds vertically and horizontally IT
systems.

 Increased Cloud Reliance:

The supply chain Industry 4.0 is a device for information collection. It determined time real-time
visibility time, requiring immense accuracy and quality, not to consider immediate access
capacity and visibility at E2E.

 Managing it’s delivery service digitally:

Developing innovative data collection and data analysis methods, such as enlarging product lines
or introducing new computerized products, allows businesses to yield consumer user data and,
therefore, modify products to meet customer needs effectively.